現(xiàn)代木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑施工及優(yōu)勢(shì)

1、Modern Wood Frame Construction Process and Advantages現(xiàn)代木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑施工及優(yōu)勢(shì)現(xiàn)代木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑施工及優(yōu)勢(shì)概要概要 Outline1.加拿大木加拿大木業(yè)業(yè)介介紹紹Intro to Canada Wood2.木木結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)房屋構(gòu)房屋簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)介介Intro to wood frame3.木木結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)房屋施工構(gòu)房屋施工過(guò)過(guò)程程WF Process4.木木結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)房屋構(gòu)房屋優(yōu)勢(shì)優(yōu)勢(shì)Advantages5.項(xiàng)項(xiàng)目目Projects in ChinaSteve Ross, Deputy Director, Training and Quality Services全球：

2、全球：擴(kuò)大出口市場(chǎng)Globally: Grow export markets 中國(guó)：中國(guó)：開發(fā)適合中國(guó)國(guó)情的木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑解決方案China: Develop wood solutions for Chinas construction challenges使命使命Mandate資資金來(lái)源金來(lái)源FundingForest Industry Associations Resources provided by: 由下述由下述單單位提供位提供資資金來(lái)源：金來(lái)源： 1.加拿大政府-加拿大木材出口項(xiàng)目The Government of Canada: NRCan Canada Wood Export Pr

3、ogram 2.卑詩(shī)省-林創(chuàng)投資有限公司The Province of British Columbia Forestry Innovation Investment3.加拿大林產(chǎn)工業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)Forest industry associations組織組織架構(gòu)架構(gòu)Organizational Structure Based on the “Team Canada” approach to export development 團(tuán)結(jié)加拿大林產(chǎn)業(yè)協(xié)力推動(dòng)發(fā)展中加木材進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易 Representing Canadas Forest Industry 代表加拿大林產(chǎn)工業(yè)界 Federation of A

4、ssociations 行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)聯(lián)合體 Not for profit 非盈利性Canadas largest forest products companies集中了加拿大最具集中了加拿大最具規(guī)規(guī)模的林模的林產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品公司品公司開拓新市開拓新市場(chǎng)場(chǎng)Developing New MarketsResearch 調(diào)調(diào)研研Commercial Support 商商業(yè)業(yè)支持支持Training 培培訓(xùn)課訓(xùn)課程程Demonstration Projects 示范示范項(xiàng)項(xiàng)目目Government Relations 政府關(guān)系政府關(guān)系8Strategy戰(zhàn)略尼泊爾Taleju廟 1667年 Taleju Temp

5、le, Nepal - 1667木框架建筑的木框架建筑的歷歷史史 History of Wood Construction臺(tái)灣龍山寺 1740年Lung Shan Temple, Taiwan - 1740木框架建筑的木框架建筑的歷歷史史 History of Wood Construction木框架建筑的木框架建筑的歷歷史史 History of Wood Construction中國(guó)豫園 1559年Yu Yuan, China - 1559美國(guó)Fairbank別墅, 1636年 Fairbank House, USA - 1636美國(guó)Parlange Plantation 別墅, 1750

6、年P(guān)arlange Plantation House, USA - 1750木框架建筑的木框架建筑的歷歷史史 History of Wood Construction木材可以建造民居木材可以建造民居WOOD as a building material - Residential介介紹紹木材可以用于平改坡屋木材可以用于平改坡屋頂頂改造改造WOOD as a building material - Wood Truss Roofing平改坡平改坡 同時(shí)適用于舊房改造和新房建造 Ideal for renovating older apartment buildings. 造價(jià)低、工期短、更節(jié)能

7、Cost effective, fast, and improves energy efficiency. 木材可以用于樓板和隔斷木材可以用于樓板和隔斷墻墻體體WOOD as a building material - Infill Floors and walls成本低 Cost advantage容易安裝 Installs easily in concrete舒適的居住環(huán)境 Comfortable living surface Low carbon隔樓隔樓木材可以用于建筑商木材可以用于建筑商業(yè)業(yè)及公共建筑及公共建筑WOOD as a building material - commerci

8、al and public buildings介介紹紹木木結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)房屋施工構(gòu)房屋施工過(guò)過(guò)程程WFC Process木框架房屋一般支承在混凝土基礎(chǔ)上。Wood-frame houses are commonly supported on concrete foundations.施工施工過(guò)過(guò)程程簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)介介WFC Process施工施工過(guò)過(guò)程程簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)介介WFC process基木板放置在基木托上，固定到混凝土基礎(chǔ)，并且用錨栓將木框架結(jié)構(gòu)牢固地與基礎(chǔ)連接。Sill plates are placed over a sill gasket and attached to the concrete found

9、ation with anchor bolts to securely fasten the wood-frame structure to the foundation.基木托基木板錨栓施工施工過(guò)過(guò)程程簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)介介WFC process然后建造室外和室內(nèi)墻體，提升就位并臨時(shí)固定。Exterior and interior walls are then constructed, raised into position, and temporarily secured.施工施工過(guò)過(guò)程程簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)介介WFC process結(jié)構(gòu)樓板框架構(gòu)件通常是定型木或工程木制品。Structural floor fram

10、ing members are usually dimension lumber or engineered wood products.施工施工過(guò)過(guò)程程簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)介介WFC process樓板基層通常是板材產(chǎn)品，如膠合板或 定向刨花板，與樓板擱柵牢固連接。Sub-floors are usually panel products such as plywood or OSB, and are securely fastened to the floor joists.施工施工過(guò)過(guò)程程簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)介介WFC process一旦所有墻體建好并臨時(shí)支撐后，放置屋頂桁架并固定就位。 Once all the wa

11、lls have been built and temporarily braced, the roof trusses are placed and secured into position.施工施工過(guò)過(guò)程程簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)介介WFC process施工施工過(guò)過(guò)程程簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)介介WFC process一旦裝好屋頂覆面板，可以應(yīng)用最終的屋頂覆面。Once the roof is sheathed, a final roof covering can be applied.施工施工過(guò)過(guò)程程簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)介介WFC process屋屋頂頂材料材料Roof - Materials木制屋面wood shingles瀝青屋面板a

12、sphalt shingles混凝土粘土瓦concrete / clay tile金屬屋頂metal roofing給排水、采暖通風(fēng)空調(diào)、電氣和其它機(jī)械系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)在開始安裝。 The installation of the plumbing, HVAC, electrical, and other mechanical systems is now started.施工施工過(guò)過(guò)程程簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)介介WFC process給排水、采暖通風(fēng)空調(diào)、電氣和其它機(jī)械系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)在開始安裝。 The installation of the plumbing, HVAC, electrical, and other mecha

13、nical systems is now started.施工施工過(guò)過(guò)程程簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)介介WFC process現(xiàn)在安裝窗戶，室外覆以覆面板層。Windows are now installed and the exterior covered with a sheathing membrane.施工施工過(guò)過(guò)程程簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)介介WFC processWeather barrier is applied to protect the building from rain water呼吸紙用于保護(hù)建筑物免于雨水侵害施工施工過(guò)過(guò)程程簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)介介WFC process現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行外部裝修。Exterior finishes

14、are now applied.施工施工過(guò)過(guò)程程簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)介介WFC process在寒冷的氣候，保溫材料與蒸汽隔層一起安裝。Insulation is installed, along with a vapour barrier in cold climates.施工施工過(guò)過(guò)程程簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)介介WFC process在框架構(gòu)件內(nèi)鋪設(shè)石膏板，然后加以飾面。Gypsum board is then applied to the interior of the framing members and finished.施工施工過(guò)過(guò)程程簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)介介WFC process現(xiàn)在安裝室內(nèi)飾面。Interior finish

15、es are now installed.施工施工過(guò)過(guò)程程簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)介介WFC process外部及內(nèi)部裝修完成，房屋可供居住。Both the exterior and interior finishes are completed and the building is ready for occupancy.施工施工過(guò)過(guò)程程簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)介介WFC process木木結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)建筑的構(gòu)建筑的優(yōu)勢(shì)優(yōu)勢(shì) Benefits of the Wood Frame System節(jié)能 Energy Efficiency低碳Low carbon可持續(xù)性 Sustainability地震表現(xiàn) Seismic Performa

16、nce優(yōu)勢(shì)優(yōu)勢(shì)木木結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)建筑的構(gòu)建筑的優(yōu)勢(shì)優(yōu)勢(shì)-低碳低碳 Advantages of WFCLow CarbonSUNSUN太陽(yáng)(C5 H10 O5)nCO2H2OO2Sugars糖分Photosynthesis光合作用光合作用中國(guó)人均年消耗水泥中國(guó)人均年消耗水泥1000kg，是世界平均水平的，是世界平均水平的4倍倍。如果。如果20%水泥用木材制品水泥用木材制品代替，每年就可減排二氧化碳代替，每年就可減排二氧化碳1.2億億噸。噸。Mean consumption of Cement in China one person one year reach to 1000 kg, 4 times o

17、f world average level, if we instead 20% cement with lumbers, which will decrease CO2 0.12 billion tons each year人人均均消消費(fèi)費(fèi)水水泥泥（公公斤斤/ /人人. .年年）5 53 30 05 57 70 04 41 10 02 25 50 01 10 00 00 0020040060080010001200中中國(guó)國(guó)美美國(guó)國(guó)日日本本俄俄羅羅斯斯世世界界木木結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)建筑的構(gòu)建筑的優(yōu)勢(shì)優(yōu)勢(shì)Advantages of WFCLow carbonThe cement used one year

18、per person(kg)Raised Floor Home New Orleans新奧新奧爾爾良良-活活動(dòng)動(dòng)地板房地板房Volume of wood used木材使用量木材使用量15 m3Carbon sequestered and stored (CO2e)固碳量固碳量30 metric tons30公噸公噸Avoided greenhouse gases (CO2e)溫室氣體減少量溫室氣體減少量60 metric tons60公噸公噸Total potential carbon benefit (CO2e)碳排放潛在減少量碳排放潛在減少量90 metric tons90公噸公噸減少內(nèi)含

19、能量和資源消耗Reduces embodied energy and resource depletion 木材是唯一可以更新的主要建筑材料Wood is the only major building material that is renewable 新的制造技術(shù)使樹木的每一部份都充分利用，所以不浪費(fèi)任何東西 New manufacturing technology allows every part of the tree to be used so that nothing is wasted 木木結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)建筑的構(gòu)建筑的優(yōu)勢(shì)優(yōu)勢(shì) 可持可持續(xù)續(xù)性性Advantages of Wood-F

20、rame Construction - Sustainability因?yàn)槟静牡姆涓C狀構(gòu)造 - 使它成為一個(gè)比鋼材好400倍的良好的隔熱體。Wood is a good insulator because of its cellular structure 400 times better than steel.木框架結(jié)構(gòu)易于達(dá)到高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的保溫要求。Wood-frame construction is easy to insulate to high standards.木木結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)建筑的構(gòu)建筑的優(yōu)勢(shì)優(yōu)勢(shì)-節(jié)約節(jié)約能源能源Advantages of Wood-Frame Construction E

21、nergy Efficient用于木框架結(jié)構(gòu)的釘接連接件一般在消耗地震能量方面是有效的。 The nail connections typically used in wood-frame construction are effective in dissipating the energy of an earthquake. 木木結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)建筑的構(gòu)建筑的優(yōu)勢(shì)優(yōu)勢(shì)-耐久耐久Advantages of Wood-Frame Construction Durability木材本身強(qiáng)韌且質(zhì)輕 亦即地震時(shí)較少的質(zhì)量具有作用於建築物上的力也較低的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。 Wood is strong and lightwe

22、ight less mass is an advantage because it means lower forces are exerted on a building in an earthquake.1995年日本神戶地震導(dǎo)致了一千億美圓的損失。使用北美木框架結(jié)構(gòu)方法符合現(xiàn)代標(biāo)準(zhǔn)建造的房屋實(shí)際上未受影響。The 1995 Kobe, Japan earthquake caused $100 billion in damage. Houses built to modern standards using North American wood-frame construction me

23、thods were virtually unaffected. 木木結(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)建筑的構(gòu)建筑的優(yōu)勢(shì)優(yōu)勢(shì)-耐久耐久Advantages of Wood-Frame Construction DurabilitySEISMIC TESTING 抗震抗震測(cè)試測(cè)試Extensive testing worldwide of wood light-frame systems of all sizes both in the lab and in real life shows impressive seismic performance.世界各地在實(shí)驗(yàn)室及現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中對(duì)輕型木結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行抗震測(cè)試顯示木結(jié)構(gòu)抗震性能良好.This photo, taken at a research lab in Japan in 2008, is from a test of a 6-storey light frame building subjected to a major simu