人教版英語必修五unit5知識點

1、必修五unit5知識點詳解1 Aid (v)幫助; 援助=help sb幫助某人去做. aid sb to do在事幫助某人 aid sb in He aided me in business.I aided her to continue her study.At Christmas, many organizations aid the poor.n  /U/幫助; 援助在某人的幫助下with the aid of 為了幫助 in aid ofTeachers give their lessons with the aid of computers. He raised mone

2、y in aid of the sick. 知識拓展：give/offer aid 援助             come to sb.'s aid 幫助某人cut off aid （突然）終止援助        a hearing aid 助聽器teaching aids 教具        

3、60;           medical aid 醫(yī)療救護(hù) 2. temporary 暫時的，臨時的temporary relief from pain短暫的解痛temporary work/ solution臨時工作/解決辦法     3. fall illfall+ adj.illasleepawakesicksilent4 get+過去分詞  表被動或狀態(tài)The computer got damaged when we were

4、 moving.My bike is getting repaired now.My glasses got broken while I was playing basketball.Peter and Mary got married last year.get doneget injured受傷get dressed穿衣服 get damaged遭到破壞 get changed 改變 get married結(jié)婚 get infected被感染 get broken被弄破 get lost迷失，走失5 injure v. 

5、;  injury to sth.   （部位）的傷injuries to the legsgot injuredinjuryinjuredhurt肉體，精神上的傷害（一般用語），疼痛injure意外或事故而受傷wound指外傷（刀、槍、劍傷）6. bleed-blood-bloody(v.)     (n.)    (adj.)His nose was bleeding. = He was bleeding at the nose .= He has a bloo

6、dynose. 他在流鼻血。bleed for為而流血, 悲痛bleed to death出血過多而死lose blood流血、失血flesh and blood血肉之軀7. choke    vi. & vt. 窒息; 阻塞She choked with emotion.  她激動得說不出話來。The smoke almost choked me. 煙嗆得我?guī)缀醮怀鰵鈦?。At the bad news, he couldn't choke back his tear聽到這則噩耗，他抑制不住自己的眼淚。 The ma

7、n gave a few chokes and then got his breath.那個男人噎了幾下才喘過氣來。8.essential adj. 最重要的，不可缺少的，本質(zhì)的1)Sun and water are essential to the growth of crops.陽光和水是農(nóng)作物生長不可缺的。 2)It is essential for us to set our study goal.我們有必要來設(shè)定我們的學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)。3)It is essential that you (should) win the voter's  hearts.

8、贏得選民的信任是至關(guān)重要的。-當(dāng)用it充當(dāng)主語而用它充當(dāng)表語時，that 從句的謂語動詞用should +動詞原形 。9. You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier against disease, act as  作為.barrier 屏障,障礙物,隔閡You should show the ticket at the barrier.The language barrier10 poison n./vt. 毒藥，毒害；毒害，使中毒eg:1)Poisons must be put out of childre

9、ns reach.毒藥一定要放在孩子們夠不到的地方。2)This matter will make some poison to the crops.這種物質(zhì)會對莊稼造成毒害。3)Books of this kind can make poison to children.這類書會對兒童造成毒害。 4)Heroin has poisoned a lot of people.海洛因毒害了很多人。5)The polluted water in the river poisoned people here.污染了的河水使這兒的人中毒。-poisonous  adj. 有毒(害)的

10、 eg: This medicine is poisonous if taken in large tectagainst/ from   保護(hù)不受的損害preventfrom doing   阻止protect your eyes from strong lightto protect you against cold prevent them from getting marriedprevent sb. (from) doingstop sb. (from) doingkeep sb. from

11、 doing12. sense (n. & v.)five senses：sense of smellsense of hearingthe sixth sensesense of touchsense of sightsense of tastesense of humour、duty、directionThe man has  no common sense . (無常識)What he said made no sense.(沒道理)sense (v.)   感覺到Although she didnt say anything, I sensed t

12、hat she didnt like the idea.(我感覺到她不喜歡這個主意） 13.So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned, it can be very serious. 該句是一個主從復(fù)合句，主句為：So if your skin gets burned, it can be very serious；從句為：as you can imagine.as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代后面的內(nèi)容，有“正如”或“就象”的意思；它所引的從句位置較靈活，可以位于句首、句中或句末。另外，該句的主句中還含有一個if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。

13、請看類似的句子：As you can see, if they are not properly protected, the farmlands will become desserts sooner or later. 正如你所看到的，這些農(nóng)田如果保護(hù)不當(dāng)遲早會變成沙漠。as we all know  = as  is known to all as  we  expect  = as  is  expected as everybody can seeas you can imagine14.various 不同的，各

14、種各樣的There are various colors to choose from.vary  vi 1.(in sth)be different in size, volume, strength, etc(體積、容積、力量等)呈現(xiàn)不同Opinions vary on this point. 15. vary   (with sth); (from sth to sth)change , esp according to some factor改變, 變動, 變化（尤指伴隨某種因素而產(chǎn)生）Prices vary with seasons. 物價隨季

15、節(jié)而變動Her mood varied from optimism to extreme depression. 她的情緒由樂觀一變而為極度消沉variety  n.  變化，多樣性，種類We all need variety in our diet. 我們都需要飲食多樣化The shopping center sells a variety of goodsa variety of+名詞,謂語動詞的數(shù)和后面的名詞保持一致16.depend  on取決于,依賴,依靠,信賴,信任His whole family depends on him他全家都靠他養(yǎng)活

16、. He is a man to be depended on他是個可以信賴的人dependent  ( adj. ) dependence (  n.  )independent ( adj. )independence (n.)17. mild-milder-mildest-mildly Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by touching a hot pan, stove or iron for a d在這個句子中的意思是“輕微的、不嚴(yán)

17、重的”。如：Edward suffered from a mild heart attack.愛德華犯了輕微的心臟病。 mild還可以表示“溫和的、暖和的；味淡的” 如：Shes the mildest person I have ever met in my life. 她是我平生見到過的最溫柔的人了a mild climate 溫暖的天氣mild cheese 淡味奶酪 18. 詞語辨析:electric電的,發(fā)電的,由電產(chǎn)生的,用于導(dǎo)電的.electrical有關(guān)電的,與電有關(guān)的.electricity電,電力. 電力學(xué)electric generator 發(fā)電機,&

18、#160;   electric cooker 電爐,electric iron 電熨斗,   electric engineer  電機工程師19.swell  vt./vi. Swell swelled/   swelled swollen使膨脹，使(力量，數(shù)目等)增長，使壯大，The wind swelled the sails. 風(fēng)使船帆鼓起。His injured wrist began to swell (up).他那受傷的手腕開始腫起。Her face swelled up with toothche

19、.The wind swelled into a storm.      風(fēng)力漸增，終于形成一場暴風(fēng)雨。a small business swelled into a big company.壯大4)Never swell with pride when you make some contributions.  有了貢獻(xiàn)不要沾沾自喜。swell with pride/anger得意洋洋、怒氣沖沖The doctor examined the swelling on my back.swollen  adj. 腫脹的 His eyel

20、id is swollen.  他眼皮腫了。20.stickstick sth. to sth.    粘住Stick the glue to my fingers.stick to doing sthstick to 堅持stick to ones view堅持自己的觀點21. jewellery=jewelry  珠寶(總稱) 不可數(shù)jewel  可數(shù)，珠寶，珍視的人、物jeweljewelleryjewelsShe appeared at the reception wearing her finest jewels.She l

21、ocked her jewels in the jewellery box.22.Cool burns immediately with cool but not icy water.立即用涼水給傷口沖涼，但不要用冰水-y是個形容詞后綴。如： windy有風(fēng)                 hilly多小山的   sleepy困倦的      &#

22、160;       greeny略呈綠色的  spicy辛辣的                woody樹木茂密的23. unbearable不能忍受的 un不能.,無法. 11 / 11unforgettable unwilling unusual uncertain unfairunfitunbelievable unfortunate unlike uncomforta

23、ble24. squeeze 擠；壓；塞squeeze sth. into sth. 把塞進(jìn)         squeeze sth. from/ out of sth.   擠出squeeze through 擠過squeeze sth. out of sb.  敲詐逼某人說出I squeezed myself onto the crowded train.He squeezed everything into a suitcase.She watched her grandma s

24、queeze the juice out of a lemon attentivelyAlthough I am busy, I still can squeeze you in at 10 oclock  Those blackmailers intended to squeeze more  money out of him.那些勒索者打算向他榨取更多錢。Ill never give in to you, and you can squeeze nothing out of meThe little boy is squeezing the toothpaste fro

25、m the tube onto the toothbrush25. over and over againList some phrases or words that have similar meaning over and overagain and againover and again many timesrepeatedlyfrom time to timenow and thennow and againSometimesAt times26. Hold the bandage in place with tape.用膠布把繃帶固定。in place在適當(dāng)?shù)牡胤?。如：The li

26、brarian put the returned books in place. 圖書館員把還回的圖書放到原處。Youd better put things back in place.你最好把你的東西放回原位。Her dress was out of place at the ceremony.（不得體,不適當(dāng)）in place 還有“準(zhǔn)備就緒”的意思。如：The arrangements for the concert next Saturday are all in place.周六的音樂會已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備就緒。With everything in place, she started the

27、slide show.27.Pour 1. 倒,灌,注She poured herself another cup of tea. 她為自己又倒了一杯茶。 2. 傾注;大量投入;大量生產(chǎn)They have poured money into the tourist industry. 他們已經(jīng)把大筆錢投入了旅游業(yè)。3 傾吐,訴說She often pours her troubles to friends. 她經(jīng)常向朋友們傾訴自己的苦惱。不及物動詞 vi. 1. 傾瀉,涌流The crowd poured out of the concert hall. 人群從音樂廳涌出來。 Swe

28、at poured from Martin's face. 馬丁臉上汗如雨下。 2. 斟茶Shall I pour? 我來斟茶好嗎?3 (雨)傾盆而降(+down)The rain poured steadily down. 大雨不停地傾盆而下。 Pour cold water on/over對潑冷水Pour oil on the flames火上澆油Pour oil on troubled waters平息風(fēng)波Reading2 1 award, reward, prizeaward 指正式地或官方地頒發(fā)，授予，給予；也可以指法庭裁決給予。如：The school principal

29、awarded a prize in history to the best student.學(xué)校校長將歷史獎授予最出色的學(xué)生。reward“報答，報償，獎賞”，表示由于做了某事而應(yīng)該得到的東西。如：The fireman received a reward for saving the child's life.因救了小孩的命，消防員提到一筆獎金。prize “獎賞，獎金，獎品”，尤指在比賽中獲得的榮譽。如：Hundreds of prizes can be won in our newspaper competition.參加我們報紙的競賽可以贏得數(shù)以百計的獎品。2.Honor n

30、. (U) 榮譽，尊敬;名譽Its a point of honor with me to reply all my debts promptly.(C) 引以為榮的人/事，只用單數(shù)。(D) The successful launch of the “Shenzhou VI” is an honor to our country.do sb an honor /the honor （of doing sth）使某人有特殊的榮幸,賞光Will you do me the honor of dining with me? 可否賞光和我一起吃飯？in sbs /sths honor 出于對

31、的敬意We are planning a big Christmas party in your honor.我們正籌備為你舉行一次盛大的圣誕晚會。in honor of ，為紀(jì)念，為慶祝A monument was built in honor of the heroes who gave up their lives during the war.為了紀(jì)念在戰(zhàn)爭中獻(xiàn)身的英雄們，建立了一座紀(jì)念碑。 v.給予表揚（或獎勵、頭銜、稱號）1 honor sb/sth （ with sth）The President honored us with a personal visit.2&#

32、160;be honored for因而受到尊敬   Dr Bethune was honored for his selfless work.白求恩大夫由于他無私的工作而受到贊譽。3 be/feel honored that很榮幸能做 I am honored that you should notice me.我很榮幸您能注意到我。 4 be/feel honored to do 很榮幸能做。I am honored to be here with you.能和你在這里我感到很榮幸。an honored guest  貴賓3 present

33、   v.Joan was presented with his award at a ceremony which recognized the bravery of the life of another.1. 贈送present + sth. +to +sb.  把某物送給某人present + sb. +with sth. 贈送某人某物2.introduce (sb) formally 正式介紹 She presented her boyfriend to us. 她把男朋友介紹給我們。3.show顯示,呈現(xiàn)a smiling face顯出一張笑

34、臉4. 描述The characters in the novel are vividly ed. 小說中人物被描寫得很生動adj. 作前置定語,“目前的,現(xiàn)在的”       作后置定語,“出席的,在場的the present membersthe members present n.gift 禮物相關(guān)短語：the present day  今天(=today)             at p

35、resentat the present timenow 現(xiàn)在for the present    暫時          the present    現(xiàn)在(相當(dāng)于名詞)be present at   出席;到場 4).ceremonyn. (C)典禮；儀式 (U)禮節(jié)；禮儀；客套 The wedding ceremony was beautiful.There is no

36、need for ceremony between us.Expressions:stand on ceremony拘泥禮節(jié)；講究客套with ceremony 正式；隆重without ceremony不拘禮節(jié)地；隨便地The head of state was welcomed with full ceremony.人們以最高規(guī)格的儀式歡迎國家首腦。 5). John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.此句型中when作并列連詞相當(dāng)于and then意為”正當(dāng)時突然”,常用于以下句型：be doing when &#

37、160;         正在做突然be about to do when          即將做突然be on the point to dowhen正要去做.突然has/have/had donewhen 剛剛這時 (突然)6 cut one's finger 割破手指have one's hair cut 理發(fā)cut expenses 減少費用cut a class 逃學(xué)Was your salary

38、cut? 你的薪水減少了嗎?習(xí)慣用語：be cut out for 有做某事的天賦; 適合于; 與.相配合short cut 捷徑, 近路(一般和make, take 連用; 有時用作定語)draw cuts 抽簽cut about 亂切, 亂砍 亂跑cut at 向.砍去 猛打 毀掉cut away 切除, 剪掉 匆匆跑掉cut back(on) 減少; 剪短; 倒敘; 縮減; 中斷; cut down 削減, 壓縮 砍倒 使喪命 比.強; 使.遜色cut in 插進(jìn)來說, 插嘴 夾進(jìn)來, 夾塞 干預(yù) 超車 cut into 插進(jìn)來, 參加(談話), 打斷(別人的話); 減少, 縮減; 切開

39、; 侵犯(利益)cut off切斷, 停掉 隔絕, 擋住 死掉 使電話中斷 切剪下來 剝奪(繼承權(quán))cut out 刪掉 停止   (機器)失靈 7.a number of+可數(shù)名詞，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)，意為“許多，大量的. .”，the number of +可數(shù)名詞，謂語用單數(shù)，意為“. . 的數(shù)量”eg:1)A number of problems have arisen.已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了很多問題。2)The number of colleges has increased in the past 10 years.在過去的十年里，大學(xué)的數(shù)量有所增加。 

40、;-其他表示“許多，大量”的短語：a great /good many     a large /great /good/small number of    +可數(shù)名詞a good few / quite a fewmany a          mucha great / good deal of        a great / large

41、amount of          +不可數(shù)名詞quite a littlea lot of / lots of                   a great / large quanitity of      +可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞large quanitities ofp

42、lenty of8.put one's hands on  找到 eg: Few of the students have put their hands on the  materials for their compositions. 沒有幾個學(xué)生找到適合他們作文的素材。9.treat vt.1)對待；看待，把.看作：treat sb.badly虐待某人treat sb.as distinguished guest把某人待為上賓treat sb. with consideration對待某人很體貼 Do not treat this seri

43、ous matter as a joke. 2)討論；探討；詳述；（文學(xué)，藝術(shù)作品中）描繪，描述；表現(xiàn)：He treats this subject thoroughly in his book.他在書中詳盡透徹地討論了這個問題。3)醫(yī)治，治療：treat sb. for influenza 給某人醫(yī)治流行感冒 treat sbs toothache  治療某人的牙痛 4)款待，請客 (to):treat sb. to an ice-cream( a theatre)請某人吃冰激凌（看戲）I ll treat myself to a sunbath.我要好好地享受一次日光浴。 Let

44、s go out for dinner-my treat this time.這次由我請客。 10 .applyVt. 涂,敷;應(yīng)用;適用Applicationapplicant-applicance-applicable1)涂,敷她在臉上濃妝艷抹She applied heavy makeup to her face.2)我們應(yīng)該把理論應(yīng)用于實踐。 We should apply theory to practice.This rule can not be applied to every case.vi. 申請apply to sb for sthapply for a job申請就業(yè)A

45、pply for a scholarship申請獎學(xué)金apply to do sth     申請做某事They applied to return to China.3)適用School regulations apply to every student. 校規(guī)適用于每位學(xué)生。 This rule can not apply to every case. 這條規(guī)則并不是在每種情況下都能適用的。apply oneself/sth to sth使致力(于),使專心從事He applied himself to learning French. 他致力于學(xué)習(xí)法語。專心于， 致力于:Bury oneself inAbsorb oneself inInvolve oneself in lose oneself in commit oneself to devote oneself to keep ones min