主謂一致語法與練習(xí)題課件

1、關(guān)于主謂一致語法與練習(xí)題現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第1頁，共30頁主謂一致是指：主謂一致是指：1）語法一致原則）語法一致原則謂語動詞與主語語法上的數(shù)取得一致，即主語中心詞是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞與主語語法上的數(shù)取得一致，即主語中心詞是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，主語中心詞是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞就用單數(shù)形式。謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，主語中心詞是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞就用單數(shù)形式。The student is operating the computer.2） 意義一致原則意義一致原則謂語動詞與主語實際意義上取得一致，即謂語動詞的數(shù)取決謂語動詞與主語實際意義上取得一致，即謂語動詞的數(shù)取決于主語中心詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)意義，

2、而不是它的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式。集合名詞作主語時，若看于主語中心詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)意義，而不是它的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式。集合名詞作主語時，若看作整體，則謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；若看作各個成員時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。作整體，則謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；若看作各個成員時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。His family are music lovers.現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第2頁，共30頁一、就近一致原則一、就近一致原則謂語動詞的數(shù)取決于最靠近它的主語的單、復(fù)謂語動詞的數(shù)取決于最靠近它的主語的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式數(shù)形式There be; or;eitheror;neithernor;not onlybut also;not (just)but1. Th

3、ere _ a pen, an ink bottle, and some books on it. There _ some bowls, plates and a spoon on it.A. is; are B. are; are C. are; is D. is; is A2. Either the judge or the lawyers _ wrong. Either you or he _ to blame.A. is; are B. are; is C. are; are D. is; is B現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第3頁，共30頁二、就前一致原則二、就前一致原則謂語動詞與前面的中心詞一致

4、謂語動詞與前面的中心詞一致with;together with;along with;but;except;besides;in addition to;including;as well as;rather thannot; like;unlike;no less than名詞名詞A + +名詞名詞B，謂語動詞與名詞，謂語動詞與名詞A一致。一致。現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第4頁，共30頁1. The girl as well as his parents _ a bike. Not only the students but also the professor _ surprised at Marys

5、answer.A. have; was B. have; were C. has; was D. has; were2. Grandpa Wang and his two grandsons _ taking a walk in the park now. Grandpa Wang, together with his two grandsons, _ taking a walk in the park now. A. are; are B. is; are C. is; is D. are; is 3. No one but Jane _ the secret. Nobody but Mar

6、y and I _ in the classroom at that time.A. know; was B. knows; was C. know; were D. knows; wereCDB現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第5頁，共30頁police; people; cattle, poultry; militia; vermin 1. The policeman _ standing at the street corner. The police _ searching for him.A. are; is B. are; are C. is; are D. is; is 三、三、集體名詞集體名詞謂語

7、動詞用謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)情況：情況：2. there any police around?A. Am B. Is C. Are D. BeCC現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第6頁，共30頁四、四、集體名詞集體名詞謂語動詞用謂語動詞用單數(shù)單數(shù)情況：情況：machinery; equipment; furniture; merchandise; clothing五、五、集體名詞集體名詞謂語動詞視具體情況而定：謂語動詞視具體情況而定：family; team; class; group; population; audience; government; public; committee; crew; compan

8、y; enemy; party;如果作為一個如果作為一個整體整體看待，謂語用看待，謂語用單數(shù)單數(shù)；如果指集體里如果指集體里每一個成員每一個成員，謂語用，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)。His family _ all very well. His family _ a “ five good” one.A. are; is B. is; is C. are; are D. is; areA現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第7頁，共30頁The population of the earth _ increasing fast. One third of the population here _ workers.A. is; a

9、re B. is; is C. are; is D. are; areThe football team being recognized.The football team having baths.A現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第8頁，共30頁六、并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時謂語用復(fù)數(shù)六、并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時謂語用復(fù)數(shù)Reading and writing are very important.當(dāng)主語由當(dāng)主語由and連結(jié)時，如果它表示一個單一的概念，即指連結(jié)時，如果它表示一個單一的概念，即指同一人或同一同一人或同一物物時，謂語動詞用時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)單數(shù)，and 此時連接的兩個詞前此時連接的兩個詞前只有一個冠詞只有一個冠

10、詞。The League secretary and monitor asked to make a speech at the meeting.A. is B. was C. are D. wereBThe father and writer_ easy-going. (be)All work and no play _ Jack a dull boy. (make) Bread and butter _ western food. (be)現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第9頁，共30頁七、單復(fù)數(shù)同形的詞的主謂一致七、單復(fù)數(shù)同形的詞的主謂一致sheep; deer; fish; Chinese; Japane

11、se; means; works; crossroads; species; series; headquarters當(dāng)當(dāng)a/such a/this/that修飾時，謂語用單數(shù)；修飾時，謂語用單數(shù)；當(dāng)當(dāng)all/such/these/those修飾時，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。修飾時，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。Chinese _ not so difficult to learn. The Chinese people _ brave and hard working.A. is; is B. are; is C. is; are D. are; areC現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第10頁，共30頁八、與后接八、與后接名詞名詞或或代詞代

12、詞保持一致：保持一致：分?jǐn)?shù)分?jǐn)?shù)+of；百分?jǐn)?shù)百分?jǐn)?shù)+of；some of;part of;half of;a lot of;lots of;plenty of;most of;the rest of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞取決于后接不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞取決于后接名名詞詞或或代詞代詞的數(shù)的數(shù)現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第11頁，共30頁1. Most of the students _ boys. Most of his money _ spent on books.A. are; is B. is ; is C. are; are D. is; are2. One sixth of o

13、ur classmates _ from peasant families. One fifth of her time _ devoted to writing.A. comes; is B. come; are C. come; is D. comes; are3. Only 10 percent of the students in the class _ League members. About 40% of Jims income _ to the rent (租金租金). A. are; goes B. are; go C. is; goes D. is; goACA現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是

14、第12頁，共30頁九、一些總是以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，成雙成對的事物的主謂一致情九、一些總是以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，成雙成對的事物的主謂一致情況：況：trousers; shoes; glasses; gloves; shorts; scissors; scales; chopsticks; compasses 如單獨出現(xiàn)，謂語用如單獨出現(xiàn)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)；如果前面有如果前面有a/this/that pair of修飾，謂語用修飾，謂語用單數(shù)單數(shù)。The glasses _ mine. That pair of glasses _ my brothers.A. are; is B. are; are C. i

15、s; are D. is; is A現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第13頁，共30頁十、如果主語是由十、如果主語是由“a series of, a kind of, a portion of, a pile of, a panel of, the kind of, the type of, a range of, a bunch of, a sort of，a pair of, a piece of 等等 + 名詞名詞”構(gòu)成時，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。構(gòu)成時，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。This kind of snakes _ very dangerous. These kinds of metal _ hard

16、 to find.A. is; is B. are; is C. is; are D. are; are若若kind, sort, type之前的限定詞是之前的限定詞是these, those, of后為后為復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)，謂語用，謂語用復(fù)復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)。 C現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第14頁，共30頁十一、主語由十一、主語由each, every, no等詞修飾時，謂語用等詞修飾時，謂語用單數(shù)單數(shù)；即使用即使用and , or連接連接多個并列主語多個并列主語，謂語動詞也用，謂語動詞也用單數(shù)單數(shù)。each + n. and each + n.every + n. and every + n.no + n. and no

17、+ n.謂語用謂語用單數(shù)單數(shù)Every man worker and every woman worker _ free medical care. At Christmas each boy and each girl _ given a present. A. enjoy; is B. enjoy; are C. enjoys; is D. enjoys; are C現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第15頁，共30頁many amore than one Many a man _ seen the wonderful film. Many men _ seen the wonderful film.A. ha

18、s; has B. has; have C. have; has D. have; have+ 單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞謂語用謂語用單數(shù)單數(shù) B現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第16頁，共30頁十二、以十二、以s結(jié)尾的名詞的主謂一致結(jié)尾的名詞的主謂一致arms; clothes; contents; fireworks; goods; minutes; morals; remains; stairs; suburbs; thanks; wages,謂語用謂語用復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)。mathematics; physics; economics; gymnastics; the news，謂語用，謂語用單單數(shù)數(shù)。 The news a

19、t six oclock _ not true. Those pieces of news _ to be broadcasted.A. are; is B. are; are C. is; are D. is; is C Her clothes _ nearly worn out. His physics _ weaker than others. A. is; is B. are; is C. is; are D. are; are B現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第17頁，共30頁十三、主語是表示時間、距離、金錢、重量、度量、容量、數(shù)十三、主語是表示時間、距離、金錢、重量、度量、容量、數(shù)學(xué)運算等復(fù)數(shù)名詞或

20、短語時，通常當(dāng)作一個整體概念，謂語用學(xué)運算等復(fù)數(shù)名詞或短語時，通常當(dāng)作一個整體概念，謂語用單數(shù)單數(shù)形式。形式。Five hundred dollars _ more than he can afford. A. is B. areThe United Nations _ trying to persuade the two countries. A. is B. areThree kilometers _ not a long distance. A. is B. are A AA現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第18頁，共30頁作主語的名詞被作主語的名詞被the number of所修飾時，謂語用所修飾時，謂語

21、用單數(shù)單數(shù)。主語是主語是a variety of, a number of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)，動詞要用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)。以以-s結(jié)尾的姓氏作主語時，表示一家人，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。結(jié)尾的姓氏作主語時，表示一家人，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。以以-s結(jié)尾的山脈、瀑布、群島、體育球隊及樂隊名稱作主語時，謂語結(jié)尾的山脈、瀑布、群島、體育球隊及樂隊名稱作主語時，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。用復(fù)數(shù)。The Blacks are living in New York.The Browns _also invited.(be)Niagara Falls _ very grand. (be)The Beatles _ still popula

22、r. (be)現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第19頁，共30頁主語為主語為what 從句時，謂語動詞的數(shù)取決于從句的實際意義。從句時，謂語動詞的數(shù)取決于從句的實際意義。What he does is not important. 他做的事情并不重要。他做的事情并不重要。What I say and think are no business of yours. 我說什么、想什么不關(guān)你我說什么、想什么不關(guān)你事。事。從句、動名詞、動詞不定式等作主語時，一般表示某一概念，謂語動從句、動名詞、動詞不定式等作主語時，一般表示某一概念，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。詞用單數(shù)形式。To say something _ one thin

23、g, to do it _ another. A. is; is B. are; areReading English magazines and novels _ helpful to your study of English.A. is B. are A A現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第20頁，共30頁某些形容詞，如某些形容詞，如poor, rich, old, young, good, bad, blind, deaf等加上等加上定冠詞定冠詞the表示某一類人時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。表示某一類人時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。The poor are very happy, but the rich are

24、sad.The wounded were taken to hospital.The young _ full of vigor.現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第21頁，共30頁在定語從句中，謂語動詞的數(shù)取決于先行詞的數(shù)：在定語從句中，謂語動詞的數(shù)取決于先行詞的數(shù)：在在one of +one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞+ +定語從句定語從句 結(jié)構(gòu)中結(jié)構(gòu)中, , 定語從句中謂語動詞的單定語從句中謂語動詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式一般采用復(fù)數(shù)形式、復(fù)數(shù)形式一般采用復(fù)數(shù)形式, , 但當(dāng)?shù)?dāng)oneone之前有之前有the onlythe only等限定詞等限定詞和修飾詞語時和修飾詞語時, , 即采用單數(shù)形式。即采用單數(shù)形式。Davi

25、d is one of those boys who go out of their way to be helpful.David is the only one of those boys who goes out of his way to be helpful.現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第22頁，共30頁在強調(diào)句型中，謂語動詞的數(shù)取決于被強調(diào)部分的數(shù)：在強調(diào)句型中，謂語動詞的數(shù)取決于被強調(diào)部分的數(shù)：It is I who am wrong. 是我錯了。是我錯了。each 做主語同位語時，謂語由主語來決定和做主語同位語時，謂語由主語來決定和each無關(guān)無關(guān)Each student _ got an E

26、nglish- Chinese dictionary. The students each _ a dictionary.A. have; has B. has; have C. have; have D. has; has B現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第23頁，共30頁代詞代詞each和由和由every, some, no, any等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞做主語；或主等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞做主語；或主語中含有語中含有each, every,謂語需用單數(shù)。謂語需用單數(shù)。more thanof,做主語時，謂語應(yīng)與其后的名詞或代詞保持一致做主語時，謂語應(yīng)與其后的名詞或代詞保持一致。 More than 60%of the s

27、tudents from the city. (be) arethe following 做主語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)與后面名詞的數(shù)保持一致。做主語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)與后面名詞的數(shù)保持一致。The following good examples. (be) are現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第24頁，共30頁-ings結(jié)尾的名詞，結(jié)尾的名詞，clippings (剪下物剪下物), diggings, earnings, filings (銼屑銼屑)，lodgings， surroundings, sweepings, 謂語通常用謂語通常用復(fù)數(shù)。復(fù)數(shù)。 兩數(shù)兩數(shù)相減相減或或相除相除，謂語用，謂語用單數(shù)單數(shù)；兩數(shù)兩數(shù)相加

28、相加或或相乘相乘，動詞可用，動詞可用單數(shù)單數(shù)，也可用，也可用復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)。Forty minus fifteen twenty-five. (leave)Forty divided by eight five. (be)Seven and five twelve. (make)Five times eight forty. (be)現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第25頁，共30頁1. Anything special in todays newspaper? -Yes. “Confidence is most important than gold” by Premier Wen as a headline in

29、many of todays newspapers.A. is used B. are used C. has used D. have used2. Either you or one of your students to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.A. are B. is C. have D. be3. Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, visit Beijing this summer.A. is going to B. are going to C. was going to D. were going to A B A現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的是第26頁，共30頁4. Max, along with the three men, to represent the union at the meeting.A. is B. are C. be D. to be5. John is the only one of the stu