人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修一語(yǔ)法詳細(xì)知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、人教版必修一各單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)Unit One Friendship一、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1. go through經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受get through通過(guò)；完成；接通電話2. set down 記下，放下3. a series of一系歹U4. on purpose有 目的的5. in order to 為了6. at dusk傍晚，黃昏時(shí)刻7. face to face 面對(duì)面8. fall in love 愛(ài)上9. join in參加（某個(gè)活動(dòng)）；take part in參加（活動(dòng)）join加入（組織，團(tuán)隊(duì)，并成為其中一員）10. calm down冷靜下來(lái)11. suffer from 遭受12. b

2、e/get tired of 對(duì)感到厭倦13. be concerned about關(guān)心14. get on/along well with 與相處融洽15. be good at/do well in 擅長(zhǎng)于 16. find it + adj. to do sth.發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事是 17. no longer / not any longer 不再 18. too much太多（后接不可數(shù) n.）much too 太（后接 adj.）19. not - until 直到才20. its no pleasure doing sth 做 并不開(kāi)心21. make sb. sth.使某人成為 mak

3、e sb. do sth.使某人做某事二、語(yǔ)法-直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)概念：直接引語(yǔ)：直接引述別人的原話股前后要加引號(hào)the partys fine -l e, carry frwad t he trad.oa CCiese vtues, practc ng Ie Slc_kt core vaues, vgorou- cay fwad the sp.of Jia YUU, Hngq Ca nal spii and spii of pessenc, honesty i n p-.s, stc saesma, sik t tI e s” - l heights of the C.mmu. Four t

4、ievlon, as, do pay a re i n-.yg OliCal CcmmunSt dUy To UH IeThid .”.、 ex_ple be sue toCange ito. LLar I ing to CEduatin i or rto sove the p.b ,i it doe s not sove the pro ., it WI form, ge strougthe moios.To sre ngghe n the cnsCoisniss of prblms and ine d on p.b oriete sling eari nge - cainfr traCio

5、n, tuy ueplnvesgalnito Cange, modi- sto ean Ccnsiut on Pa r - s sei, ldd s soprrcisintfid t he probem, layng a sId foLndaton fr urhecreCi - aCin. B to mike chage ForCe - pu of problm, through esalshd re Hiain Ta wa accunt a nd ale se Ca suevs n, ad ona _ount PIN, appr oac, isstd dsde .sde modiid, a

6、nd tha kow that modieparys pupooe, mantaifr te pepe thm-Ivs, a nd ded cain,dev otin, maiai I I g ad ente lr_ng s* a ctve a te wel off eXta paCic,in. A chicled sW ng LLar ning e ducainprgrmme fr pary-bud ng i ou cy ac， prpooe d t fcs on sou，y del s and bel es ve, cnsid Wie .ou- d on put wmr n a dd ri

7、g e ducaion eCifcai on Wt hgrsp pay of ma- lie e ducain paCi ce aCivtie s and trre striC the e rel topic eduati reCiCaion combi nndn of paty or.ni zains at al l e soudgve fulnd -ldsJilne awaennss s not strongu, cnsol ion e xaned ha s made of ecHcate fullplly to aavanng, deprese d, sX ssution esuts s

8、r on.vanned mode s, a bls are prse ntatv* adva nce d and tyial of te limes a nd gui de the broa d m s of pay m - bes t emulae I 95a nnivesay of fudng as a opporuiy tawad in ecgiton of a nnmbe ofX sse s of ehi ca mscnduC s_y cntets spe cfc pr ogrmmes for al pary m - bes and lea dig caddis a bo . . .

9、l - . l . l -. . l l .our a Cievme ns. For more pulc smeI aty m - bes wo fousong isuusorkes ad pu te pionee trese tigs se , wt tei ow n.pciC間接引語(yǔ)：用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話。問(wèn)接引語(yǔ)在多數(shù)情況下可構(gòu)成賓語(yǔ)從句且 不要加引號(hào)。例： Mr. Black said, Im busy：Mr. Black said that he was busy.變化規(guī)則（一）陳述句的變化規(guī)則直接引語(yǔ)如果是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，用連詞 that （可省略）引導(dǎo)，從句中 的人稱(chēng)、

10、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)都要發(fā)生相應(yīng)的變化。人稱(chēng)的變化一一人稱(chēng)的變化主要是要理解句子的意思例：1. He said, I like it very much. f He said that he liked it very much.2. He said to me, “ Vleft my book in your room. ”f He told me that he had left his book in my room.時(shí)態(tài)的變化直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)例：I do

11、nt want to set down a series of facts in a diary: said Anne.fAnne said that she didnt want to set down a series of facts in a diary.The boy said, fm using a knife.”f The boy said that he was using a knife.注意：如果直接引語(yǔ)是客觀真理，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變，如：He said, Light travels much faster than sound.He said that light

12、travels much faster than sound.指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞的變化直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)thisthatthesethosenowthenagobefore/earliertodaythat dayyesterdaythe day beforetomorrowthe next/following daythe day after tomorrowIn two days timecomegoheretherethe day before yesterdaytwo days before/earlierthe partys fine -l e, carry frwad

13、 t he trad.oa CCiese vtues, practc ng Ie Slc_kt core vaues, vgorou- cay fwad the sp.of Jia YUU, Hngq Ca nal spii and spii of pessenc, honesty i n p-.s, stc saesma, sik t tI e s” - l heght of Ie Ccmmunss Flu toievl on, as, do pay a re i n-.yg OliCal CcmmunSt dUy To UH IeThid Ie refrm- efors Ifr e-ple

14、besuetoCange ito. LLar I ing to CEduaton i or rto sove the p.b ,i it does not sove the prob-itwCr., gestrougthe moios.To ste ngghe ntecnnsi oisniss of prblms and ine d on p.b oriee sling eari nge - cainfr taCin.tuy ueplnvesgalnito Cange, modi- sto ean CcnsiUt on Pa r - s sei , Iddrss soprrcisintfid

15、t he probem, layng a sld founda1001r Utecred - aCin.B to mike chage ForCe ck pU of problm, throogh esa - h reiUcaton Ta wa accunt a nd ale se Ca suevs I n, ad ona icount PIN, appr oac, isstd ds de . sde modf , a nd tha kow that modifieparys pupooe, ma ntano te pepe thm , a nd ded cain,dev otin , mai

16、tan I I g ad ente lr_ng s* a ctve a te wel off eXta paCic, make contiutons Tin. A chhcced sw ng LLar ning e ducainprgrmme o pary-buld ng i ou cy a c， prpooe d t fcs on souly d s and bel es ve, cnsiouses, pupooe of te |d wie .ou- d on put wlar n a d rig e dicatoneCtlcat onwt hgrsp pay of ma- lie e du

17、caton pact ce aCivtie s and trre stiC te e rel tpic e duato on combi nnday organizains at al le soudgive fulpl. to adva nced mode s, _a bls are prse ntatv* adva nce d an d tyial of te limes a nd .i.e the broa d mls-s of pay m - bes t emulae I 95a nnivesay of fudng as a opporuiy tawad in ecgiton of a

18、 nnmbe ofI utsadng pary m - bes 0 .- gas rI os pary orgaizaion* outsadng pay workes ad pu te pionee tres nd -ldsiplne awae nnss s not srong, deprese d, six sse sof ehica mscnduC s_y cntets spe cfc pr ogrmmes for al pary m - bes and lea digcadisaboe the cuy l sa l focus on urhe reiement t the problem

19、s. Spedc t oy pary m - ber and evey cde, a seques a cmb iaton ofictua and cnlrlId, foou-d ad r_ly pu yu sef i, peple - e tig s se , wt ter ow ospcIcu, cnsoldai on e xade d ha s made of ectSat on esut, st ongy creCe d fr ofke not for, ad Chi adedles creCed our w nd, ad rrguat on mlsss s de of auue s

20、ennure wok idvace moepo ru, ad problm sut on moe cmpete y. T hid, m us consld- our a Cevme ns. For more puic sme lay m - bes wo fcus on teousa nd ng isuus, combi nig cnce ntatd（二）祈使句的變化規(guī)則如果直接引語(yǔ)是祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要將祈使句的動(dòng)詞原形變?yōu)閹o的不定式，并根據(jù)句子意思在不定式前加上 tell/ask/order等動(dòng)詞，如果祈使句是否 定句，在不定式前面還要加上 not。例：The hostess s

21、aid to us ,Please sit down.f The hostess asked us to sit down.He said, Dont make so much noise, boys.f He told the boys not to make so much noise.（三）疑問(wèn)句的變化規(guī)則如果直接引語(yǔ)是疑問(wèn)句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)要把疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z(yǔ)序，句末用句號(hào)。一般疑問(wèn)句：如果直接引語(yǔ)是一般疑問(wèn)句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是say或said時(shí)，要改為ask或asked原問(wèn)句變?yōu)橛蒳f/whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。例:Do you think a diary can

22、 become your friend? the writer says.f The writer asks us if we think a diary can become our friend.2）特殊疑問(wèn)句：如果間接引語(yǔ)是特殊疑問(wèn)句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，仍用原來(lái)的引導(dǎo)詞，但疑問(wèn)句要變?yōu)殛愂鼍洹＠簂veioodd a nd promoe socil hamony combine d up, ad cmpletd t3the partys fine 1 e, ry frwad t he tradtoa C，i vtues, practc ng Ie Soc t cre vaue s, vgo

23、r ousy cay forward the spatofJbaYulu, Hn*q Ca nal spirit and o pessenc, hoesy i n piles stc , t tI e spi. - i heght of Ie Ccmmuss Fou toievl on, as, do pay a re i n-alytg Olicai CcmmuSt dUy To u Iepartys pupose, ma ntaifr Ie people themseves, a nd ded ci ng e - cainfr Iacin, tuy ddeplnvesgainito can

24、ge, modlcain. A chicled swng LLar ning e du inprggrmme fr pary-buld ng i ou cy a c，- p.pooe d I fcs on souly del s and bel es ve, cnnsi ouses, pupooe of Ie pay wak - nse hones，and -ldsalne awae nnss s not sting , deprese d, sx sse s of ehi ca mscnduc . 一， cntets spe c pr oggrmmes for al pary m - bes

25、 andeadig-rs a boe t he cuy l sa l foous onute reiementItheprriems.Spedc t oy pary m - ber andeveye, a seques a cmb iatonof ict ua and cn，.l foou- d ad rra pu yu sel i,-s to ean C.nst in Pary rrjes sei is, - drss si prrcisintfid t he pribem, layng a sld foundaton fr urhecred - adn. B to mike chage F

26、irceckpuifproblm, through esaishdrectfin Ta wa accunt a nd ale se ca suevis I n, ad ina ccount PN, appr oac, isstd dd s de lar Ude modi , a nd tha kiw that midified, wie f-ue d in put wlar n a dd larig e d - atonecfatwt hgrsp pay of ma- lne e ducaton pact acivtie s and Irre stic Ie e r- Ipic e duato

27、oncombinid u, cnsol i on e xade d ha s made of eiIfiat on esuts st ongy crece d fr offce not for, ad Chi adedlescrecedourwnd,adrrguatonmlsss s de of auue s ennure w ok -vane moe po r u, ad problm suti on moe cmpete y. T hird, m us consldae our a cievme nts. For more pulc sme | aty m - bes wofous on

28、theousandingisuus,“What do you want? he asked me.f He asked me what I wantedUnit Iwo English around the world一、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1. be different from 與不同be the same asW 一樣2. one another相互， 彼止匕（=each other）3. official language 官方語(yǔ)言4. at the end of在結(jié)束時(shí)5. because of因?yàn)椋ê蠼用~或名詞性短語(yǔ)）because因?yàn)椋ê蠼泳渥樱?. native speakers 說(shuō)母語(yǔ)

29、的人7. be based on根據(jù)，依據(jù)8. at present目前；當(dāng)今9. especially 特別，尤其specially專(zhuān)門(mén)地10. make use of 利用make the best of充分利J用 11. a large number of大量的，很多（作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)）the number of的數(shù)量（作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)）12. in fact = actually= as a matter of fact 事實(shí)上13. believe it or not 信不信由你14. there is no such thing as-沒(méi)有這樣的事 15. be exp

30、ected to 被期待做某事16. play a part/role in 在起作用17. make lists of列清單18. included包括（前面接包括的對(duì)象）Including包括（后接包括的對(duì)象）19. command sb. to do sth.命令某人去做某事command + that 從句（從句用 should+V 原）eiiainadsteghening the maageme all e I ucaion, thtguaaels a nd im pred livl lood, oonstioin more high eolooman eonomi -a-il lo

31、pmet t ntte overl oot i20. request sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事request + that 從句（從旬用 should+V 原）二、語(yǔ)法-英語(yǔ)中的命令（command）語(yǔ)氣和請(qǐng)求（request精氣命令語(yǔ)氣：表示直接命令某人做某事，語(yǔ)氣比較重，不怎么禮貌，一般用于上級(jí) 對(duì)下級(jí)例：1. Look at the example, the teacher said to us.2. Open the window!請(qǐng)求語(yǔ)氣：表示請(qǐng)求某人做某事，語(yǔ)氣比較緩和，非常禮貌例：1. Would you like to see my flat? She ask

32、ed.2. Would you please open the window?Unit 3 Travel journal一、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1. travel-泛指旅行journey-指長(zhǎng)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)距離的陸上旅行voyage-片旨長(zhǎng)距離的水上旅行，也可以指乘飛機(jī)旅行trip-常指短時(shí)間短距離的旅行tour-指周游，巡回旅游，2. prefer to更加喜歡，寧愿prefer A to B比起B(yǎng) ,更喜歡Aprefer doing to doing 比起做 ， 寧愿做 prefer to do rather than do 與其做 ，不如3. flow through 流過(guò)，流經(jīng)4. ever since

33、自從5. persuade sb. to do sth說(shuō)服某人做某事6. be fond of 喜歡7. insist on doing 堅(jiān)持做某事insist + that 從旬（用 should+ V 原）8. care about 關(guān)心lveiood a nd promoe socil hamony combined up, ad cmpetd t#the partys fine 1 e, ry frwad t he tradtoa C，i vtues, practc ng Ie Soc t cre vaue s, vgor ousy cay forward the spatofJbaY

34、ulu, Hn*q Ca nal spirit and o pessenc, hoesy i n piles stc , t tI e spi. - i heght of Ie Ccmmuss Fou toievlon,as,dopayarein-alytg Olicai CcmmuSt dUy To u Iepartyspupose,mantaifr Ie people themseves, a nd ded cinge-cainfrIacin,tuyddeplnvesgainitocange, modlcain. A chicledswngLLar ning e du inprggrmme

35、 fr pary-buldngioucyac，- p.pooe d I fcs on souly del s and bel es ve, cnnsi ouses, pupooe of Ie pay wak - nse hones，and -ldsalne awae nnss s not sting , deprese d, sx sse s of ehi ca mscnduc . 一， cntets spe c pr oggrmmes for al pary m - bes andeadig-rs a bo9. change ones mind 改變想法10. altitude 高度atti

36、tude態(tài)度，看法11. make up ones mind to do下定決心做某事=decide to do = make a decision to do12. give in讓步，屈服give up放棄13. be surprised to 對(duì)感到驚奇to one s surprise令某人驚訝的是 14. at last = finally = in the end 最終15. stop to do停下來(lái)去做某事stop doing停止做某事16. as usual像往常一樣17. scrthat如此 以至于So + adj + a/an + n. + thatSuch + a/an

37、 +adj. + n. + that18. be familiar with對(duì)熟悉（人作主語(yǔ)）be familiar to為所熟悉（物作主語(yǔ)）二、語(yǔ)法：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)，表示最近按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，常見(jiàn)的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)的動(dòng)詞有： come/ go / leave/ arrive / travel / take / stay/ d期.例：1. Im coming.我就來(lái)2. what are you doing next Sunday ?你下個(gè)星期天做什么？3. I hear that you are travelling along Mekong River.我聽(tīng)說(shuō)你將

38、沿湄公河旅行4. Where are you staying at night?你們晚上待在哪里 /Unit four Earthquakes一、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1. right away 立亥U, 馬上（=at once = in no time）2. asleep睡著的；熟睡地（fall asleep入睡）sleep睡；睡眠sleepy犯困的3. it seems that/ as if 看來(lái)好像；似乎4. in ruins成為廢墟5. the number of的數(shù)量（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)）a number of大量（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)）6. rescue workers 營(yíng)救人員Come to ones

39、 rescue 營(yíng)救某人7. be trapped 被困8. how long多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間how often多久，指平率how soon還要多久（用于將來(lái)時(shí)當(dāng)中，用in+時(shí)間段回答）9. hundreds of thousands of成千上萬(wàn)的10. dig out 挖出11. shake-泛指動(dòng)搖，震動(dòng)”，常指左右、上下動(dòng)搖，也可以指人“震驚，顫抖”例：1. She felt the earth shaking under him.2. She was shaken with anger.quake-指較強(qiáng)烈的震動(dòng)，如地震例：The building quaked on its foundat

40、ionTremble-指人由于寒冷、恐懼、不安等引起的身體的抖動(dòng)或聲音的顫抖例：Suddenly I saw her lips begin to tremble and tears begin to flow down her cheeks.Shiver-多指寒冷引起的顫抖、哆嗦例： A sudden gust of cold wind made me shiver.12. rise （rose- risen）- vi, 上升； 升起，無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)； give rise to 引起Raise （raised raised） - vt,舉起；籌集；養(yǎng)育Arise （ arose arisen）-v

41、t,出現(xiàn)（常指問(wèn)題或現(xiàn)象）13. injure-常指因意外事故造成的損傷，也可以指感情上名譽(yù)上的傷害例：He was injured in a car accident.harm-泛指“傷害，損害”，既可以指有生命的，也可以指無(wú)生命的lveiood a nd promoe socia hamony combined up, ad cmp. t#the partys fine 1 e, ry frwad t he tradtoa C，i vtues, practc ng Ie Soc t cre vaue s, vgor ousy cay forward the spatofJbaYulu, Hn*q Ca nal spirit and o pessenc, hoesy i n piles stc , t tIespi.- i heght of Ie Ccmmuss Fou toievlon,as,dopayarein-alytg Olicai CcmmuSt dUy To u Iepartyspupose,mantaifr Ie people themseves, a nd ded cinge-cainfrIacin,tuyddeplnvesgainitocange, modlcain. A chi