英語信息中英文對照

1、Saving the Rainforests for Future Generations 拯救熱帶雨林，造福子孫萬代 Rainforests are being cut and burned form Brazil to Indonesia at such a rate that they could well disappear from the earth's surface before the year 2050. They are being cleared for valuable timber and other resources to speed up the ec

2、onomic growth of the nations in which they are located. The most recent figures show that the area of rainforest destroyed last year alone was bigger than the size of Great Britain and Ireland. 從巴西到印尼，熱帶雨林正在被砍伐，正在被燒毀，其速度非常之快，以致于到不了2050年，熱帶雨林就會被砍光燒光而從地球表面上徹底消失。為了獲取貴重木材和其他資源，以加速處于熱帶雨林國家的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展，熱帶雨林正在逐漸被

3、砍伐得干干凈凈一棵樹都不剩了。最近的統(tǒng)計數(shù)字表明，僅去年一年被吸掉的熱帶雨林的面積比英國和愛爾蘭兩國的面積加起來還大。 If the present rate of deforestation is allowed to continue, the consequences for the earth will be great. We shall see a massive upsetting of ecosystems, very large increases in soil erosion, increases in flooding and in drought, changes i

4、n rainfall patterns and regional, quite possibly global, changes in climate. We shall also probably lose many rare plant and animal species. 如果聽任現(xiàn)在的熱帶雨林被毀掉的百分比繼續(xù)發(fā)展下去，給整個地球所帶來的后果將是十分嚴重的。我們將會看到（1）各種生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的平衡均遭到大規(guī)模的破壞；（2）水土流失現(xiàn)象大規(guī)模地增加了；（3）水災和旱災大規(guī)模增加了；（4）降雨的方式改變了；（5）地區(qū)性的氣候改變，甚至完全可能導致全球性氣候的改變。我們也許會永遠失去很多種珍稀

5、的植物和動物。 According to many scientists, the burning of rainforests is also directly contributing to the so-called greenhouse effect. This effect, they say, is raising average temperatures and sea levels as the polar ice caps recede. 根據(jù)許多科學家報告，燒毀了熱帶雨林也直接導致了所謂的溫室效應?？茖W家們都說，這種溫室效應正在使全球平均氣溫升高，正在使南極和北極地區(qū)的冰蓋

6、融化，隨之而來的也正在使全球海洋的水平面上升。 The rainforest is essential in other areas also. It is a medicine chest of unlimited potential. The US National Cancer Institute has identified 2,000 rainforest plants which could be beneficial in fighting cancer. In today's pharmaceutical market, 15 of the 125 drugs deri

7、ved from plants were discovered in the rainforest. 從其他方面來看，熱帶雨林對人類也是必不可缺的。熱帶雨林是一個有著無限潛在能力的取之不盡用之不竭的醫(yī)藥資源的萬寶庫。美國國家癌癥研究院已經(jīng)證實了有2000種熱帶雨林中的植物對預防和治療癌癥 有奇效。在今天的藥品市場上，在125種單味藥中，就有15種是從熱帶雨林中發(fā)現(xiàn)的植物中提取出來的。 Plant species are not the only forms of life threatened with extinction in the rainforest. Rare birds and

8、animals that cannot be found anywhere else in the world have been disappearing at the rate of one a year since the turn of the century. 各種植物在熱帶雨林中并不是受到滅種威脅的唯一的生物。世界上除了熱帶雨林以外，在其他任何地方都找不到的珍稀鳥類和珍稀動物，在這世紀交替的時候正在以每年消失一種的速度逐漸滅絕。 In the face of all these facts, it seems senseless for countries to continue

9、destroying their rainforests. However, the problem is not so simple. The countries in which the rainforests are located are all quite poor and overpopulated. One of them, Brazil, has a population of 140 million, about half of whom are living in absolute poverty. The governments in these countries ar

10、e usually also too weak to stop large companies and powerful individuals from destroying the rainforests. They have no money, so when the poor whom they cannot feed find work cutting down trees or burning forestland, the governments often have no choice but to turn a blind eye. Moreover, for many of

11、 these countries, the valuable timber and other resources found in the rainforests are also a very important source of foreign exchange, which they badly need to pay off their foreign debts and purchase foreign equipment and other goods. 面對這一切事實，這些國家還在繼續(xù)毀滅他們的熱帶雨林，這令人覺得他們簡直太麻木不仁了。但是，這個問題并不是很簡單的。地處于熱帶

12、雨林的那些國家都相當貧窮而且人口都相當過剩。熱帶雨林國家之一，巴西，人口有一億四千萬人。其中約有半數(shù)人生活在絕對貧困當中。這些國家的政府通常也都是十分軟弱的，以致不能制止一些大公司或有權有勢的人毀壞熱帶雨林的行為。那些國家的政府都沒有錢，所以當政府養(yǎng)活不起的那些窮人，找到了砍樹或在森林里燒樹開荒的工作時，政府別無選擇，只好睜一只眼閉一只眼。況且，對這些國家中的有些國家來說，熱帶雨林中的珍貴木材和其他資源也是他們所急需換取外匯的很重要的資源，以便用來償還外債和用來購買外國的設備和其他物資。 The only solution to the problem, then, seems to be f

13、or the richer countries of the world to help the countries where the rainforests are located. One way they could help would be by cancelling the international debts that countries like Brazil owe, while also working together with these countries to solve their other economic problems. At the same ti

14、me, they could support programmes to teach the local people to regard the rainforests as gardens to be harvested, and not merely as places where the only way for them to make a living is by senselessly cutting down trees and burning. 那么，令人覺得這個問題唯一的解決辦法似乎就是世界上較富裕國家應該援助地處于熱帶雨林的那些國家。援助的方法之一就是放棄或取消像巴西這類

15、國家所欠他們的國際債務，同時還要同這些國家一起協(xié)作去解決他們的一些經(jīng)濟問題。與此同時，他們還應該舉辦各種培訓班，教會當在居民把熱帶雨林辦成獲得大豐收的花園、果園、菜園、動植物園，而不要只把熱帶雨林看成是只能用極愚昧無知的砍樹燒樹的辦法來作為謀生的唯一手段的地方。 Such programmes could teach the local people how to select trees worth exporting and to cut only those trees down while leaving the rest, so that the basic make-up of t

16、he forest would not be disturbed. This would also mean that the environment needed for the survival of the many rare species of animals and plants, as well as of the Indian tribes that live in the rainforest, could be preserved. The local people could also be taught to earn more money by cutting the

17、 selected trees and making them into furniture on the spot. In addition, they could learn how to harvest other valuable natural materials that are now being wasted, and sell them overseas to earn foreign exchange for their countries. 這類培訓班或者還可以教會當?shù)鼐用袢绾尉x出值得出口的樹木，只把有出口價值的樹木砍掉，而把其余的樹都保留下來，以便使森林中基本的生態(tài)平

18、衡不被破壞。這樣做，也將意味著會把許多珍稀植物和動物賴以生存所必須的環(huán)境以及生活在熱帶雨林中的印地安人的各個部落所賴以自下而上的環(huán)境保存下來。也可以教會當?shù)鼐用裢ㄟ^采伐精選的樹木并用這些樹木在當?shù)丶庸こ杉揖叩霓k法去賺到更多的錢。此外，當?shù)鼐用裨谂嘤柊噙€可以學會怎樣去采集現(xiàn)在被浪費掉的其他珍貴的天然材料，然后把這些材料賣到國外去，以便為他們的祖國賺回外匯。 Last but not least, people in the richer countries of the world could also help save the rainforests by using wood-derive

19、d products such as paper more carefully and by recycling used paper products to help reduce the demand for newly cut wood. 最后，同樣重要的是，世界上較富裕國家的人民，要更加注意節(jié)約使用以木材為原料的紙張之類的產(chǎn)品，回收利用紙制產(chǎn)品，以便有助于減少重新去砍伐樹木的需求量，從而有助于拯救熱帶雨林。 Leisure and Leadership 休閑與引導 Observations and research findings indicate that people in ad

20、vanced industrial societies are increasingly concerned with opportunities for leisure and what they can do in their leisure time. The importance people attach to paid holidays and the rapid development of services for mass entertainment and recreation are signs of this increasing concern. 觀察和研究結果顯示發(fā)

21、達工業(yè)社會的人越來越關注的機會以及空閑時能做些什么。對帶薪休假的重視和大眾娛樂服務的快速進步是這種關注的標志。 The term "quality of life" is difficult to define. It covers a very wide scope such as living environment, health, employment, food, family life, friends, education, material possessions, leisure and recreation, and so on. Generally s

22、peaking, the quality of life, especially as seen by the individual, is meaningful in terms of the degree to which these various areas of life are available or provide satisfaction to the individual. "生活質量"這個詞不好下定義。它包含很廣的范圍，例如生活環(huán)境、健康、就業(yè)、食品、家庭生活、教育、物質財富、休閑和娛樂，等等。一般地說，尤其在個人來看，生活質量由個人在多大程度上能夠得

23、到生活的這些方面并感到滿意來衡量。 As activity carried out as one thinks fit during one's spare time, leisure has the following functions: relaxation, recreation and entertainment, and personal development. The importance of these varies according to the nature of one's job and one's life-style. Thus, pe

24、ople who need to exert much energy in their work will find relaxation most desirable in leisure. Those with a better education and in professional occupations may tend more to seek recreation and personal development (e.g. cultivation of skills and hobbies) in leisure. 作為個人認為適合在業(yè)余時間進行的活動，休閑具有以下功能：放松

25、、消遣和娛樂，以及個人發(fā)展。這些功能的重要性因各人的工作性質和生活方式而不同。因此，需要在工作中消耗大量精力的人會發(fā)現(xiàn)最想要在休閑中放松。受過較好教育的人和職業(yè)較為專業(yè)的人可能傾向于在休閑中尋找消遣和個人發(fā)展。 The specific use of leisure varies from individual to individual. Even the same leisure activity may be used differently be different individuals. Thus, the following are possible uses of televi

26、sion watching, a popular leisure activity: a change of experience to provide "escape" from the stress and strain of work; to learn more about what is happening in one's environment; to provide an opportunity for understanding oneself by comparing other people's life experiences as

27、portrayed in the programmes. 休閑的具體用途因人而異。甚至同樣的休閑活動各人做起來也可能功能不同。下面是看電視的可能的用途，這是一種很常見的休閑活動：換種體驗，從工作壓力里"逃開"；了解更多身邊的事情；通過比較節(jié)目中他人的生活經(jīng)驗提供一個了解自身的機會。 In an urban society in which highly structured, fast-paced and stressful work looms large in life, experiences of a different nature, be it televisi

28、on watching or bird-watching, can lead to a self-renewal and a more "balanced" way of life. 城市生活中，結構嚴密，步伐迅速，工作壓力在生活中投下陰影，不同性質的經(jīng)驗，不管是看電視還是看鳥，都能達到自我更新更平衡的生活方式。 Our likes and dislikes, tastes and preferences that underlie our choices of such activities as reading books, going to the cinema, c

29、amping, or certain cultural pursuits, are all related to social contexts and learning experiences. We acquire interests in a variety of things and subjects from our families, schools, jobs ,and the mass media. Basically, such attitudes amount to a recognition that leisure is an important area of lif

30、e and a belief that leisure can and should be put to good use. 我們的好惡、品位、喜好決定了我們是選擇看書、看電影、露營、或某種文化追求，而前者又同社會環(huán)境和學習經(jīng)驗有關。我們從來自家庭、學校工作和大眾傳媒的事物中獲得各種興趣?；旧线@種態(tài)度就等于承認休閑是生活的重要部分，相信休閑能夠并且應該得到充分利用。 Professional workers in recreation services, too, will find that to impart positive leisure attitudes to the gener

31、al public is essential for motivating them to use their leisure in creative and satisfying ways. Hence, it can be argued that the people with whom we come into contact in these various contexts are all likely to have exerted some influence in shaping our attitudes, interests and even skills relevant

32、 to how we handle leisure. Influence of this kind is a form of leadership. 休閑服務的職業(yè)工作者也會發(fā)現(xiàn)賦予公眾對休閑的下面態(tài)度對于促使他們以創(chuàng)造性的、令人滿意的方式休閑很重要。因而，可以認為我們在各種環(huán)境中與之打交道的人往往對我們形成與休閑有關的態(tài)度、舉甚至技巧都產(chǎn)生了影響。這種影響是一種引導。 Parents, teachers in schools, work associates and communicators in or using the mass media are all capable of aro

33、using our potential interests. For example, the degree to which and the ways in which a school encourages participation in games, sports and cultural pursuits are likely to contribute to the shaping of leisure attitudes on the part of the students. 父母、老師、工作同伴和大眾媒體的傳播者都能激發(fā)我們潛在的興趣。例如，學校對于做游戲、參加體育活動和文化

34、追求的鼓勵的程度和方式很可能對學生休閑態(tài)度的形成產(chǎn)生影響。 Schools usually set as their educational objective the attainment of a balanced development of the person. The more seriously this is sought, the more likely positive attitudes towards leisure as well as academic word will be encouraged. 學校常常把人的平衡發(fā)展作為它們的教育目標。越是認真地追求這一目標

35、，這越可能鼓勵正面的休閑態(tài)度，就像鼓勵學業(yè)一樣。 The Time Message 時間信息 You may have been exposed to this idea before, but this time try to hear. There is a message that is trying to reach you, and it is important that it get through loud and clear. The message? 你可能聽說過這個觀點，但不妨再聽一次。有一條信息要傳送給你，而且要清楚響亮地傳到，這很重要。信息？ Time managem

36、ent! 時間管理！ Time is elusive and tricky. It is the easiest thing in the world to waste - the most difficult to control. When you look ahead, it may appear you have more than you need. Yet it has a way of slipping through your fingers like quicksand. You may suddenly find that there is no way to stretc

37、h the little time you have left to cover all your obligations. For example, as a beginning student looking ahead to a full term you may feel that you have an oversupply of time on your hands. But toward the end of the term you may panic because time is running out. The answer? 時間難以捉摸，稍縱即逝。浪費時間是世界上最容

38、易做到的事情，也是最難控制的。當你朝前看時，時間也許顯得比你需要的多。可是它會像流沙一樣從縫間溜走。你可能會突然發(fā)現(xiàn)剩下的那點時間沒法完成所有的任務。比方說，作為一個新生，你看到眼前整整一個學期，會覺得手上有多余的時間，但是當學期臨近時，沒準就會恐慌起來，因為時間快用完了。答案呢？ Control! 控制！ Time is dangerous. If you don't control it, it will control you. If you don't make it work for you, it will work against you. You must be

39、come the master of time, not the servant.Study hard and play hard is an old proverb, but it still makes sense. You have plenty of time for classes, study, work, and play if you use your time properly. It is not how much time you allocate for study that counts but how much you learn when you do study

40、. 時間是危險的。你不控制它，它就會控制你。你不讓它為你工作，它就會成為你的對頭。你必須做它的主人而不是傭人?？炭鄬W習，開心玩耍是句老話，但依然有意義。如果合理安排時間就會有足夠的時間上課、學習、玩耍。重要的不是分配了多少時間學習，而是學習時你到底學到了多少。 Too much wasted time is bad medicine. The more time you waste, the easier it is too continue wasting time. Soon, doing nothing becomes a habit you can't break. It be

41、comes a drug. When this happens, you lose your feeling of accomplishment and you fall by the wayside. A full schedule is a good schedule. 浪費太多時間就跟吃了治不好病的藥一樣。時間浪費得越多，就越容易繼續(xù)浪費時間。很快無所事事就成了改不掉的習慣，就會上癮。如果這樣，你會失去成就感，半途而廢。安排得滿滿的時間表就很好。 Some students refuse to hear the time message. They refuse to accept th

42、e fact that college life demands some degree of time c ontrol. There is no escape. So what's the next step? If you seriously wish to get the time message, this passage will give it to you. Remember - it will not only improve your grades but also free you to enjoy college life more. 有的學生拒絕聽取時間。信息

43、他們不愿意接受大學生活要求一定程度的時間控制這一事實。但這無可避免。那下一步呢？如果你真心想要得到時間信息，這個章節(jié)會提供給你。記住，這不僅會提高你的分數(shù)，還會讓你更地享受大學生活。 Message 1. Time is valuable - control it from the beginning. 信息1：時間是寶貴的，從頭開始控制它。 Time is today, not tomorrow or next week. Start your plan at the beginning of the term and readjust it with each new project. T

44、hus you can spread your work time around a little. 時間就是今天，不是明天或下星期。在學期開始時就實施你的計劃并隨著每一個新的規(guī)劃調整。這樣就能把工作的時間分散一些。 Message 2. Get the notebook habit. 信息2：養(yǎng)成用筆記本的習慣。 Go and buy a pocket-size notebook. There many varieties of these special notebooks. Select the one you like best. Use it to schedule your stu

45、dy time each day. You can also use it to note important dates, appointments, addresses, and telephone numbers. Keep it with you at all times. 去買個袋裝筆記本。這種特殊筆記本有好多，這種你最喜歡的，用它來安排每天的學習時間。還可以記載重要的約會、地址、電話號碼。把它一直帶在身邊。 Message 3. Prepare a weekly study schedule. 信息3：制定每周學習計劃。 The main purpose of the notebo

46、ok is to help you prepare a weekly study schedule. Once prepared, follow the same pattern every week with minor adjustments. Sunday is an excellent day to make up your schedule for the following week. Write in your class schedule first. Add your work hours, if any. Then write in the hours each day y

47、ou feel you must allocate for study. Keep it simple. 這個筆記本的主要用途是幫你準備一周學習計劃。一旦定下，每周依照同樣模式而行，只做小的變動。星期天正好用來安排下周計劃。最先記下上課的時間，再加上工作時間，如果有的話。然后寫上每天必須分配的學習時間。盡量簡單些。 Message 4. Be realistic. 信息4：現(xiàn)實些。 When you plan time for these things, be realistic. Don't underestimate. Overestimate, if possible, so t

48、hat emergencies that arise don't hang you up. Otherwise your entire routine may get thrown off balance while you devote night and day to crash efforts. 做計劃時，現(xiàn)實些。別少估時間，如果可能，多估些，這樣發(fā)生緊急情況也不至于耽誤工作。否則你日夜應付突發(fā)事件時，日常工作就會推動平衡。 Message 5. Make study time fit the course. 信息5：學習的時間同課程相符。 How much study time

49、 you schedule for each classroom hour depends on four factors: (1) your ability, (2) the difficulty of the class, (3) the grades you hope to achieve, and (4) how well you use your study time. One thing, however, is certain: you should schedule a minimum of one hour of study for each classroom hour.

50、In many cases, more will be required. 每個課時安排多少時間學習取決于四個因素：（1）能力；（2）課程難度；（3）希望得到的分數(shù)；（4）利用時間能力的好壞。但有一件事是確定的：每一課時應安排至少一小時學習時間。很多情況下會需要更多時間。 Message 6. Keep your schedule flexible. 信息6：保持學習計劃的靈活性。 A good schedule must have a little give so that special projects can be taken care of properly. Think out a

51、nd prepare your schedule each week and do not become a slave to an inflexible pattern. Adjust it as you deem necessary. 好的時間表必須有點兒彈性，這樣特殊的計劃就能處理得當。想一想，制定每周的計劃，不要變成一成不變的模式的奴隸。必要時加以調整。 Message 7. Study first - fun later. 信息7：先學習，后娛樂。 You will enjoy your fun time more after you have completed your stud

52、y responsibilities. So, where possible, schedule your study hours in advance of fun activities. This is a sound principle to follow, so keep it in mind as you prepare your first schedule. 完成學習任務之后再玩會更加愉快。所以只要可能，把學習時間安排在娛樂之前。這是要遵從的合理原則，所以在準備第一個日程表的時候就牢記在心。 Message 8. Study some each class day. 信息8：每個

53、學習日都學到一些東西。 Some concentrated study each day is better than many study hours one day and nothing the next. As you work out your individual schedule, attempt to include a minimum of two study hours each day. This will not only keep the study habit alive but also keep you up to date on your class assi

54、gnments and projects. 每天集中學一會兒比一天學幾個小時、第二天又不要學強。做個人日程表時，盡量每天安排至少兩個小時學習。這不僅讓你保持學習習慣，還使你了解學習任務和計劃。 Few beginning freshmen can control their time effectively without a written schedule, so why kid yourself into thinking you don't need one? You do. Later on, when you have had more experience and you

55、 have the time-control habit, you may be able to operate without it. Of course the schedule is only the first step. Once you have it prepared, you must stick with it and follow it faithfully. You must push away the many temptations that are always present or your schedule is useless. Your schedule w

56、ill give you control only if you make it work. 很少大學新生能夠沒有日程表就有效地控制時間，所以干嘛騙自己以為你不需要時間 表？你需要。到后來，更有經(jīng)驗，養(yǎng)成了控制時間的習慣以后，你可能就不需要了。當然日程表只是第一步。一旦把這個準備好了，必然堅持，忠實遵循。得推開那些不斷出現(xiàn)的誘惑，否則你的日程表就沒用了。只有讓日程表起作用，你才能用它支配時間。 Predicting Earthquakes 預測地震 Can earthquakes be predicted? Scientists are working on programs to predi

57、ct where and when an earthquake will occur. They hope to develop an early warning system that can be used to forecast earthquakes so that lives can be saved. 地震可以預報嗎？科學家們正致力于研究預報何時何地會發(fā)生地震的計劃，他們希望開發(fā)一種早期報警系統(tǒng)用來預報地震，以挽救人們的生命。 Earthquakes are the most dangerous and deadly or all natural events. They occu

58、r in many parts of the world. Giant earthquakes have been recorded in Iran, China, Guatemala, Chile, India, and Alaska. Two of the biggest earthquakes that were ever recorded took place in China and Alaska. These earthquakes measured about 8.5 on the Richter Scale. The Richter Scale was devised by C

59、harles Richter in 1935, and compares the energy level of earthquakes. An earthquake that measures a 2 on the scale can be felt but causes little damage. One that measures 4.5 on the scale can cause slight damage, and an earthquake that has a reading of over 7 can cause major damage. It is important

60、to note that a reading of 4 indicates an earthquake ten times as strong as one with a reading of 3. Scientists want to be able to predict those earthquakes that have a reading of over 4 on the Richter Scale. 地震是自然災害中最危險的最致命的，發(fā)生在世界許多地方。伊朗、中國、危地馬拉、智利、印度和阿拉斯加都有過大地震的記錄。有記載的最大兩次地震是發(fā)生在中國和阿拉斯加。這兩次地震經(jīng)測量約為里氏8.5級。里氏震級是1935年查爾斯·里克特發(fā)明的，用來比較地震的能量等級。里氏地震級測出的2級地震可以感覺到，但幾乎沒什么破壞；測出的4.5級地震能夠造成輕微破壞，讀數(shù)超