上海市2019屆靜安區(qū)高考英語二模試卷及答案

1、靜安區(qū)2021學年度第二學期高三模擬質(zhì)量調(diào)研英語學科試卷2021.5考生注意：1 .測試時間120分鐘,試卷總分值140分.2 .本次測試設(shè)試卷和做題紙兩局部.所有做題必須涂選擇題或?qū)懛沁x擇題在做題紙上,做在試卷上一律不得分.3 .務(wù)必在做題紙上填寫準考證號和姓名,并將核對后的條形碼貼在指定位置上.IListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaske

2、daboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit.readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1. A.Becausethegasstationiswaitingforthefuelpriceadjustment.B. Becausethere'snogasl

3、eftatthegasstationrightnow.C. Becausethegasstationischeckingandrepairingtheequipmentnow.D. Becausethequalityofthegasinthestationisterrible.2. A.5dollarsB.6dollarsC.7dollarsD.11dollars3. A.Thenewmoviedidntperformwellinsales.BThenewmoviewaspositivelyreviewedbycritics.C. Thenewmoviewassuccessfulinsales

4、andreputation.D. Thenewmoviewasntwelcomedbythecritics.4. A.Theywillbehomeontime.B. Hermotherisinanareawithpoorsignalreception.C. Shecantconnecthermotherthroughthemobilephonenow.D. Shehastonotifyhermotherthatsomeoneisdead.5. A.Theneighborhoodsuffersapowerfailure.B. Theirneighborbroketheirlightbulb.C.

5、 There'ssomethingwrongwiththeirlightbulb.DIt'sblackoutsidethewindow.6. A.Helostthewaytotheicecreamcounter.B. Hedoesn'tknowwhichtastetochoose.C. Heloseswordstodescribethetasteoftheicecream.D. Heenjoyssellingicecream.7. A.Shedoesn'tgetonwellwithJohn.8. Johnliedaboutabsencefromschool.9.

6、 Johnwastooilltoreceivethemathome.10. Shedidntgotoschoolherself.8. A.Atanelectronicapplianceshop.B. AtadrugstoreC. Atalaundry.D. Atafurnitureshop.9. A.Inviteafriendtotaketheweddingphotographingjob.B. Payforphotographingforherwedding.C. Savethebudgetofwedding.D. Avoidtakingtoomanyphotosforherwedding.

7、10. A.Thecandidatehasdevotionforthejob.BThecandidateisnotgoodatgivingspeeches.CThecandidateisoutoftouchwiththewoman.D.Thecandidateisnotqualifiedforthejob.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.

8、Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestansweryouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11. A.12%,B.27%,C.30%,D.60%.12. A.Becausetheirbodiesarenotstr

9、ongenoughforregularexercises.B. Becausetheirdoctorspreventthemfromdoingtoomanyexercises.C. Becausetheyspendgreatertimedoingactivitiesrequiringlittleenergy.D. Becausetheystillkeepworkingatolderages.13. A.Becauseitbringsenjoymenttotheold.B. Becauseitmakeslifecolorful.C. Becauseitmakestheoldmovemore.D.

10、 Becauseitsavesmoneyfortheold.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage14. A.Thehighunemploymentrateinthecountry.B. Thecomfortableworkingenvironment.C. Thepotentialhighincomefromthework.D. Thepossibilitytocontactbossesandseniormanagers.15. A.Dealingwithcommitments.B. ManagingtheInternetsurfi

11、ng.C. Managingbosses'schedules.D. Communicatingwithotheremployees.16. A.TheygivemaleapplicantsfairchancesforthePAjobs.B. TheytendtoprovidemalePASwithhighsalaries.C. TheygivemalePasmoreworktomanage.D. TheyprefertoassignmalePASformalebosses.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17

12、. A.Informationaboutthefeaturesofthecar.B. Messageaboutthepricesofthecar.C. Alargerdiscountthanwhatdealersoffer.D. Commentsaboutthecarfromothercustomers.18. A.Goodservicefromprofessionalstaff.B. Trialdrivingbythebuyer.C. Additionalinsurancebenefitsfromdealers.D. Drivinglicensefromthegovernment.19. A

13、.Itmanufacturesadvancedelectriccars.B. Itcooperateswellwithcardealers.C. Itsonlinewebsiteofferscomprehensivecarinformation.D. Itcandelivercarstocustomersafteronlinepurchase.20. A.Itprovidesmorecarinformationthannewcars.B. Itissoldcheaperwithlesssalescost.C. Usedcarsaregenerallysoldatlessthan2000doll

14、ars.D. Usedcarmarketisbiggerthannewcarmarket.n.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank

15、.WhenJenniferLawrencetrippedonherwaytoacceptherbestactressOscaroneyear,herpinkprincess-likeDiordress(21)(capture)inallitsglory.Theunscriptedmomentbecamehottopicthroughoutsocialmedia.Thatbonusair-timeforasingledressatoneoftheworld'sglobaleventsispricelessforthelikesofDior,oneofthe(22)(influential

16、)fashionhousesintheluxurymarketplace.Successontheredcarpetcanearnexposureandprofitsforluxurybrandsforyears(23)(come).Theredcarpet,whichwillbetelevisedlivebeforeAcademyAwardsceremony,presentsagreatopportunityforadesignertoreachanaudiencethatexpands(24)thefashionsetting.TheLawrencedressreceivedabout40

17、millionmentionsonvarioussocialmedia.Onewayofestimatingthemonetarybenefitsofhavingastandoutdressontheredcarpetistocomparehowmuchabrandwouldotherwisespendoncommercialadvertisingduringthesametime.(25)Lawrencehadonly75secondsofsolocameratimeforherOscaracceptancespeech,Diorhadtopaymorethan$4millionforaco

18、mmercialspotofthesamedurationonsimilaroccasions.Andthisdidnincludethetime(26)(devote)toLawrenceandherdressonthepre-showtelevisedredcarpet.Lawrence,23,hadanadvertisingcontractwithDior.(27)thegroupdsealwithLawrenceaffecteditssaleswasclearlystatedinitsannualfinancialreport.Thatyear,thegroupclothingsect

19、ion'sprofits(28)(total)165millioneuros,up26percentfromthepreviousyear.Heston,thefounderofapublicityfirm,(29)successstoriesincludeintroducingJimmyChooshoesanddesignerSaabtoHollywood,believesthattheOscarredcarpetistodaydominatedbyestablishedluxurybrands.Findingitmuchmoredifficulttocompetewithbigbr

20、andnamestodresssuperstarsonbigevents,manyyoungdesignersturnto(30)(bet)onpromisingrisingstars,expectinganovernightsuccessiftheyoungstarsrisetosuddenfame.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.involveB.strateg

21、icallyC.delicateD.shameE.weaknessesF.sensitivityG.superiorH.occasionalI.encounterJ.cluesK.collapseForseveraldecades,varioustypesofartificialintelligencekeptshockingtheworld.robotscould31peopleinhighlycompetitivegamesandthemquicklydestroyedtheirhumancompetitors.scube,whichs35_AIlongagomasteredchess,t

22、heChineseboardgameGoandeventheRubikitmanagedtosolveinjust0.38second.Nowmachineshaveanewgamethatwillallowthemto32humans:Jenga,thepopulargameinwhichplayers33removepiecesfromanincreasinglyunstabletowerof54blocks,placingeachoneontopuntiltheentirestructurewould34.AnewlyreleasedvideofromMITshowsarobotdeve

23、lopedbytheschool'engineersplayingthegamewithsurprisingaccuracy.Themachineisequippedwithasoftgripper夾子,aforce-sensingwristandanexternalcamera,allowingtherobottodetectthetowerwayahumanmightdo.UnlikeinpurelyrecognitivetasksorgamessuchaschessorGo,playingthegameofJengaalsorequiresmasteryofphysicalact

24、ssuchaspushing,pulling,placing,andarrangingpieces.Itmust36interactivephysicaloperation,whereyouhavetotouchthetowertolearnhowandwhentomoveblocks.Imitatingitisratherdifficult,sotherobothastolearnintherealworld,byworkingwiththerealJengatower.Recently,arelevantresearchwaspublishedinthejournalScienceRobo

25、tics.Researcherssaytherobotdemonstratesthatmachinescanlearnhowtoperformcertaintasksthroughactualtouchinginsteadofrelyingheavilyonvisual37.Thatphysical38issignificant,researcherssay,becauseitprovidesfurtherproofthatrobotscanbeusedtoperform39tasks,suchasseparatingrecyclableobjectsfromlandfilltrashanda

26、ssemblingconsumerproducts.Inacellphoneassemblyline,thefellingofanycomponentiscomingfromforceandtouchratherthanvision.TobecomeanaccomplishedJengaplayer,therobotdidnotrequireasmuchrepetitivepracticeasyoumightimagine.HopingtoavoidreconstructingaJengatowerthousandsoftimes,researchersdevelopedamethodthat

27、allowedtherobottobetrainedonabout300games.Researcherssaytherobothasalreadybegunfacingoffagainsthumans,whoremain40players-fornow.in.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontex

28、t.Fromthenation'earliestdays,farminghasheldacrucialplaceintheAmericaneconomyandculture.Farmersplayanimportantroleinanysociety,ofcourse,sincetheyfeedpeople.Butfarminghasbeenparticularly41intheUnitedStateswithintensifiedattentionfromciviliansandgovernmentaswell.Earlyinthenation'slife,farmerswe

29、reseenasexemplifyingeconomic42suchashardwork,perseverance,andself-sufficiency.Moreover,manyAmericans,particularlyimmigrantswhomayhaveneverheldanylandinthecountry,foundthatowningafarmwasthe43toentertheAmericaneconomicsystem.Theywereimmediatelyplayingapartinthecountry'seconomy.TheAmericanfarmersha

30、vegenerallybeenquitesuccessfulatproducingfood,whichhassometimescreatedtheirbiggestproblem.Theagriculturalindustryhassufferedperiodicexplosionsofoverproductionthathave44prices,whenthegovernmenthavetostepinand45theworstoftheseevents.Americanfarmersowetheirabilitytoproducelargeoutputstovariousfactors.F

31、oronething,theyworkunder46naturalconditions.TheAmericanMidwesthassomeofthesfarmersrichestsoilintheworld.Rainfallis47overmostareasofthecountry;riversandundergroundwatersystempermitextensivewatering.Increasinguseofhigh-quality48alsohascontributedtotheAmericanagriculture.Itisnotunusualtoseetodayoperati

32、ng49plows犁orharvesters.Onefarmercanmanagelargelandsoffarms.Fertilizersandpesticides殺蟲齊Uarecommonlyusedalthoughsomeenvironmentalists50it.Computerstrackfarmoperations,andeven51_technologyisappliedtofindthebestplacestoplantcrops.USagricultureisamongthemostadvancedintheworld.Farmersstillmustfightwithfor

33、cesbeyondtheircontrol,52.Despiteitsgenerallytemperateweather,NorthAmericaalsoexperiencesfloodsanddroughts.Suchchangesintheweathergiveagricultureitsownuniquecycles,often_53_thegeneraleconomy.Whennegativefactorshitfarmers,callsforgovernmentassistanceareparticularlyintense.Inthe1930s,forinstance,badwea

34、ther,andtheGreatDepressioncombinedtopushfarmsovertheedgeintoan_54_situation.Thegovernmentthenrespondedwith_55_agriculturalreformsincluding,mostnotably,asystemofpricesupports,whosesignificancetowardthelarge-scalecampaignlastedformanyyears.41.A.valuedB.accessedC.implementedD.illustrated42.A.regulation

35、sB.virtuesC.obligationsD.requirements43.A.shortcutB.implicationC.rewardD.substitute44.A.maintainedB.marginedC.depressedD.refunded45.A.takeoverB.coverupforC.comeupwithD.smoothout46.A.variedB.favourableC.extremeD.visible47.A.moderateB.predictableC.timelyD.acid48.A.laborB.investmentC.chemicalD.landscap

36、e49.A.complicatedB.flexibleC.accessibleD.executive50.A.criticizeB.recallC.evaluateD.identify51.A.medicalB.mobileC.spaceD.process52.A.forexampleB.inallC.howeverD.additionally53.A.subjecttoB.unrelatedtoC.reducedtoD.appliedto54.A.vagueB.desperateC.isolatedD.feasible55.A.strugglingB.traditionalC.sweepin

37、gD.permanentSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Aftersomebloodtests,Dr.Strubsstoodbeforeme,a

38、tallman,butshortonpersonalityandsportingacoldexpression."YouhavesystemiClUpushesaidmattef-factly."Lupus,“hecontinued,“itanauto-immunediseaseand.IremembercertaindetailsbutmostlyIrememberhimtalkingaboutchildren."Childrenarenoharm.Butchildbirthwouldjumpstartadditionalsymptomsthatcouldbel

39、ifethreatening.Youalreadyhavetwokidsanyway.AsIgotuptoleave,shakenanddrained,hesaidhispartingwords,“Iwoulddiscouraanyfurtherresearch.Thereisnocureandnothingcanpreventitsprogression.Still,Ididresearchlupusanditssymptoms-tirednessandjointpain-werebothconsistentwithwhatIwasexperiencing.Andeventuallysome

40、majororganscouldbeaffected,causingshutdownandpossiblydeath.Istudiedandfoundoutthatechinacea(紫錐花)hadarecordinmakingimmunesystemstronger.IdecidedthatalongwiththeplantIwouldstrengthenmymindsetbyimmersingmyselfinmyfamilywithmyone-year-oldsonandthree-year-olddaughter.Afteranothervisit,Idecidednevertogoba

41、cktoDr.Strubs.Howcouldoneendurerepeatedlyhearingdesperatewordscomingfromanemotionlessmoutheventhoughtheyweretruth?Theyearspassed.WhenIwouldfeeltiredandachyIpulledsupportfrommychildrenandtheirlaughter.Finally,aftereightyears,IwenttoDr.Kirksteinwhowasrecommendedbyafriend.Shestoodthereholdingmyhadandlo

42、okingintomyeyeswarmly.“So,let'stalkalittle.Instantlymydefensesweredown.BeforeIknewit,shehadmerunningonandonaboutmychildren,myhusband,mylifeanddreams.ItoldheraboutallthemeaningfulactivitiesIwasinvolvedin,thosethingsImighthaveneverdonewithoutthedisease.Afterseveralfollow-uptests,andgreaterresearch

43、intomyfamilyhistory,Dr.Kirksteincametoconclusiveanswer.Ididnothavesystemiclupus.Theremustbesomethingwrongwiththeinitialtests8yearsbefore.Ididn'tknowwhetherIshouldjumpforjoyorscreambecauseIhadbeenlivingthelasteightyearsinfearofafataldisease.ButthenIrealizedthatIhadbeenlivingeveryday,notsomuchinfe

44、ar,buthappiness.EverydaywasagiftandIknewit.56. Dr.Strubswarnedtheauthoragainsthavingmorechildrenbecause.A. theprocessofgivingbirthmightputherlifeindangerB. takingcareofchildrenwillgraduallyworsenherdiseaseC. herdiseasewillthreatenthehealthofherchildrenD. shealreadyhasenoughchildren57. Whydidtheautho

45、rstopseeingdoctorStrubsaftertwovisits?A. Becausehewasnotqualifiedtotreatherdisease.B. BecauseherecommendedDr.Kirksteintoher.C. Becausehiscoldattitudeupsettheauthor.D. Becauseshesuspectedhisdiagnosisaboutherdisease.58. Howdidtheauthordealwiththedisease?A. Shecalmlywaitedformajororganstoshutdown.B. Sh

46、etookeffectivemedicineregularlytofightthedisease.C. SheturnedtoDr.Kirksteintogetcureforthedisease.D. Shetriedtostrengthenimmunesystemanddrewstrengthfromfamily.59. Whydidtheauthorthinkeverydayinthepast8yearswasagift?A. Becausesystemiclupuswasnolongeradeadlydisease.B. Becauseshemadeeverydayvaluableins

47、piteofdisease.C. Becauseshereceivedagifteverydayfromherfamily.D.Becausesheonlyoccasionallyfeltpainandtiredness.BWhilefakingandfiercelooksareamonganimals'greatdefenses,manyspeciesknowthateveryonerunsfromabigstink臭氣too.Vulture禿鷲Vulture,arestreetsweepersthatfeastontherottingfleshofdeadanimals,which

48、benefitsusbyriddingourhighwaysandlandscapesofanimalbodiesandthebacteriatheymightcarry.Whenvulturesfeelthreatenedtheyvomit嘔吐,andthesmellofvomited-ondeadbodiesputsoffmostpredators.Throwingupallowsthevulturetoflyawaymorequickly-andthevomitcanhurttheaggressor'seyesandfave.Opossum負鼠Insomewaysopossums

49、haveiteasy.Inordertobecome"dead",theydon'thavetofaanyoneadeathcertificate.Theyjustlietherewiththeirtongueshangingoutwiththesmellofdeadflesh,sometimesforhours,effectivelyconvincingpotentialpredators捕食者theycanfindamuchfreshermealelsewhere.Eveniftheykeepgettingattacked,theywon'moveany

50、morethanahumanstatueuntilthethreathaspassed.Hoatzin麝雉Holdyournoseandmeetthehoatzin,abirdwithanumberofdistinctions,nottheleastofwhichisthatitsmellslikefreshcowshit.Theanimalmostlyeatsleavesandit'stheonlybirdknowntodigestbyfermentation發(fā)酵,likeacow.Thisprocessiswhatcausesitssmellandhasearneditthenic

51、knamethe“stinkbird".Millipede千足蟲Millipedesaretricky.Forstarterstheylookwormy.Theirnameisdeceptive,too:Theirlegsnumberabout750.Theirmajordefenseistocurlupintoaball.They,though,alsoreleaseanoxiousdefensivespraythatcanirritateskin,harmeyes,andleaveahorriblesmellontheirattackers.SeaHare海兔Thegracefu

52、lseahareisplainintasteinthefirstplace,soit'snothemostpopulartheseafoodchain.Nonetheless,thistypeofseacreaturehasaprettycreativesmell-relateddefensethatisalmosttheoppositeofitssmellycompanionsonthislist.Theseaharegivesoutaslimy,purpleink,thesubstancewhichmakesfoodlesspalatabletopredators.Research

53、ersusinglobsters龍蟲Hasmodelpredatorsfoundthattheseahareinkblocksthelobster'sreceptivemechanism.Inotherwords,theseaharegivesitsattackertheequivalentofastuffynosesotheydon'tknowhowappealingitis.60. Theseaharedefendsitselffrompredatorsby.A. becomingplainintasteatthediscoveryofapredatorB. givingo

54、utpurpleinktomakeitselfinvisibletopredatorsC. releasingsubstancetomakepredatorsunabletosmellitD. givingoffsmellygastotrytodrivepredatorsaway61. WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A. Thevulturecarriesbacteriasothatpredatorsdarenotgetclosetoit.B. Theopossumfakesitsdeathtoavoidbei

55、ngtargetedbypredators.C. Thehoatzineatscowshitsothatitisnick-namedas“stinkbird.D. Thegasreleasedbymillipedewasbasicallyharmless.62. Thespeciesthatenjoysmorethanonedefensemechanismis.A.vultureB.opossumC.millipedeD.seahareCARCHAEOLOGISTS考古學家GUIDEDBYlaserimagesofaremoteregionofnorthernGuatemalahavedisc

56、overed20-foot-highwalls,watchtowers,andotherevidencethatancientMayasocietieshadbeenannoyedbywarfarethreatovermanyyears.Thefindshaveupendedlong-establishedimpressionsofacivilizationthatittamedthejungleandbuiltthrivingcities,thendeclinedanddisappearedquietlybeneaththedensetropicalforest.Amongthemostsu

57、rprisingdiscoverieswasalargestonecomplexnowcalledLaCuernavilla.Builtonasteepridge,theheavilyfortified加固的siteincludedhighwalls,moats護城河whichservesasthelargestdefensivesystemeverdiscoveredintheregion.“Thiswassurprising,"saysanarchaeologist,“becausewehadatendencytoromanticizeMayawarfareassomething

58、thatwaslargelyritualized.Butthefortificationswe'reseeingnowsuggestanelevatedlevelofantagonismovercenturies.Rulersweresodeeplyalarmedthattheyfelttheneedtoinvestinallthesehilltopfortifications.Thereisanalmostvisiblesenseoffearinthislandscape.AllthesefindingsowecredittoPACUNAMLIDARInitiative,alasersurveyofsome800squaremilesoftheMayaBiosphereReserveinnorthernGuatemala.Usingrevolutionarylaserte