不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)及練習(xí)

1、不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的類型動(dòng)詞不定式既有動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)，又有名詞的性質(zhì)。它沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句子中不能 獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞不定式在句子中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同 位語(yǔ)等：動(dòng)詞不定式在句子中可以用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，常用的動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+不定式”的句子結(jié)構(gòu)中。不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的有以下八種類型：（下列句子中劃線部分作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）一、許多動(dòng)詞可跟一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)+ to do構(gòu)成句子，句中的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)；否定形式為 動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+not to do"。例如：do sb/sth to do sthMy boss told me to type out two letters.分析：

2、句中 My boss”做主語(yǔ)，fold "作謂語(yǔ)，me”作賓語(yǔ)，劃線部分作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。請(qǐng) 看下面的句子。They forbade her to leave the coun try.Please remind me not to be late for the meeti ng.高中范圍內(nèi)，適用于 動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+（not）to do"的結(jié)構(gòu)，不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：advise, allow, ask, beg, cause direct, encourage, expect, forbid , force, invite, order, permit, persuade

3、 remind, request, require, teach, tell, want, warn 等。二、有些動(dòng)詞可跟賓語(yǔ)+to be”構(gòu)成句子，句中的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如：I con sider him to be the best can didate.分析：句中“”故主語(yǔ)，“on sider”作謂語(yǔ)，him "作賓語(yǔ)，劃線部分作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)看下面 的句子。I know him to be a liar.I suppose him to be away from home.高中范圍內(nèi)，適用于 動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+to be"的結(jié)構(gòu)，不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：cons

4、ider,declare discover, feel, find, suppose等。三、有些動(dòng)詞（感官動(dòng)詞和使動(dòng)詞）后可跟不帶to的不定式構(gòu)成句子，句中的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如：He saw her en ter the room.分析：句中He ”做主語(yǔ)，saw”作謂語(yǔ)，her”作賓語(yǔ)，劃線部分作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)看下面的 句子。She won't let me do it.I heard her lock the door.We watched the childre n play games.高中范圍內(nèi)，適用于 動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+do"的結(jié)構(gòu)，不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：f

5、eel, have,hear, let, make, notice, observe, see watch 等。還有兩個(gè)詞組：listen to, look at.注意:這類句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，不定式前加to。請(qǐng)看下列句子，句中劃線部分作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如：A child was see n to en ter the buildi ng.She was ofte n he3在使役動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，不定式不帶to。有些動(dòng)詞跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)省去了to,這些動(dòng)詞有： 一感二聽三讓四觀看。一感：feel二聽：hear,listento 三讓:let, have,make四觀看： observe

6、,see,watch, look at這類動(dòng)詞有：make,let, have等。轉(zhuǎn)為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，其后通常都用帶to的不定式（have沒有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）。What would you have me do?你要我 做什 么 ？ Shemadehim giveupsmoking.她讓他戒 了 煙。 Let him do whatever he wishesto do. 他想干什么就讓他干吧。 ard to sing this song.四、help后的不定式可加to,也可不加to（美國(guó)人不加to時(shí)較多），但被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中要加to。例 如：r II help you（to） push the cart.分

7、析：句中“ ”做主語(yǔ)，Will help ”作謂語(yǔ)，you”作賓語(yǔ)，劃線部分作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。上句的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)為：You'll be helped to push the cart.五、有些 動(dòng)詞+介詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)后也可跟不定式構(gòu)成句子，句中的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如：He shouted to me to come over.分析：句中He”做主語(yǔ)，shouted”作謂語(yǔ)，to "為介詞，me”作賓語(yǔ)，劃線部分作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足 語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)看下列句子，句子的結(jié)構(gòu)為動(dòng)詞+介詞+賓語(yǔ)+to do”，劃線部分為不定式，作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)看下面的句子。I depe nd on you to do it.I

8、 am coun ti ng on you to help me through.高中范圍內(nèi)，適用于 動(dòng)詞+介詞+賓語(yǔ)+to do”的結(jié)構(gòu)，不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：shout to sb.to do, call on sb. to do, count on sb. to do, depend on sb. to do, wait for sb. to do 等。六、作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的不定式，表示的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)所表示情況之前發(fā)生，就需要用完成形式：He was known to have worked for the Intern ati onal Olympic Committee.分析：句中H

9、e”做主語(yǔ)，was known”作謂語(yǔ)，使用了被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。由句意可知， 為國(guó)際奧委 會(huì)工作”發(fā)生在前，大家知道”發(fā)生在后。故不定式部分用完成形式，在句中作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)看下面的句子。They are believed to have discussed the problem.七、作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的不定式，表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作時(shí)需用進(jìn)行形式：He is believed to be living in Mexico.分析：句中 He”做主語(yǔ)，isbelievec”作謂語(yǔ)，使用了被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。由于句子表達(dá)主語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在正在 發(fā)生的情況，故用不定式的進(jìn)行形式，句中劃線部分作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)看下列句子。Thousa

10、 nds were reported to be worki ng in concen trati on camps.He is thought to be hid ing in the woods.間或不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)也可用于完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。例如：She is said to have bee n doing this work for twenty years.八、不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)形式：he did n't want her son to be take n away.分析：句中 Sh6'做主語(yǔ)，did n't want "作謂語(yǔ)，her son&q

11、uot;作賓語(yǔ)，由于 her son"與take away" 之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)形式，句中劃線部分作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)看下列句子。rd like this room to be redecorated.He did n't wish the subject to be men ti oned in the letter.略習(xí)：I. They knew her very well. They had seen herup from childhood.（1988全國(guó)）A. grow B. grew C. was grow ing D. to grow2. The t

12、eacher asked usso much noise.（2003匕京）A. don't make B. not makeC. not making D. not to make3. My advisor encourageda summer course to improve my writing skills.（2004北京）A. for me tak ingB. me tak ingC. for me to take D. me to take4. The flu is believedby viruses that like to reproduce in the cells

13、 in side the huma n nose andthroat.（2004 上海）A. caus ingB. being causedC. to be caused D. to have caused5. -ls Bob still performing ?-I'm afraid not. He is saidthe stage already as he has become an official.（20C江蘇）A. to have leftB. to leaveC. to have bee n left D. to be left6. The mother felt her

14、self cold and her hands trembled as she read the letter from thebattlefield.（2006 上海）A. grow B. grown C. to grow D. to have grown7. E nergy drinks are n ot allowedin Australia but are brought i n from New Zeala nd.（2006 上海）A. to makeB. to be madeC. to have bee n made D. to be maki ng答案：1. A 2.D 3.D

15、4.C 5.A 6.A 7.B（編輯：趙露）52. -There's ahole in your bag.- I know, I'm going to have it. A. mend B. mendingC. mendedD. to be mended3. Though he had often made his little sister, today he was madeby his little sister.A. cry;to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry 4. They would not all

16、ow himacrossthe enemyline.A. to risk going B. risking to go C. for risk to go D. risk going 5. I found the doorwhen I got home.A. ope ned B. close C. uni ock ingD. ope n 6. The boy wan ted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him. A. not to B. not to do C. not do D. do not to 7. I

17、couldn' t do my homework with all that noise.A. go ing onB. goeso n C. we nt onD. to go on8. With a lot of difficult problems, the n ewly-elected preside nt is hav ing a hard time.A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled9. I advisedat onee.A. him to starting B. him to start C. to sta

18、rting D. to start 10. When I put my hand on hischest, I could feel his heart still. A. beat B. to be beatingC. beating D. was beating 11. You had better get a doctoryour bad tooth.A. pull out B. to pull out C. pulled out D. pulling out 12. He managedto make himself withhisEnglish. A. understand; bre

19、akingB. understand; broken B. C. understood; breakingD. understood; broken 13. The doctor asked him not to leavehis wound.A. expose B.exposed C. to expose D. exposing14. They are go ing to have the servicema nan electric fa n in the office tomorrow.A. i nstall B. to in stall C. to be in stalled D. i

20、 nstalled615. After a few rounds of talks, both sidesregardedthe territory dispute. A. being settled B.to be settled C. had settled D. as settled 16. You will seethis productwherever you go.A. to be advertised B. advertised C. advertise D. advertising 17. His remarks left meabout his real purpose.A.

21、 wondered B. wonder C. to wonder D. wondering18. When I caughthimme I stopped buying things there and started dealingwith anothershop.A. cheating B. cheat C. to cheat D. to be cheating 19. Though he had often made his little si ster, today he was madeby his little sister.A. cry;to cry B. crying; cry

22、ing C. cry;cry D. to cry; cry 20. Did you intend usthe newmethod? A. using B. to use C. using D. are using21. The teacherencouragedus good compositions. A. Writing B. written C. to write D.is writing22. The boy wantedto ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him.A. not to B. not to do C

23、. not do it D. do not to23. Mrs. Brow n wasmuch disappo in ted to seethe washingmachine she had hadwent wrongaga in.A .it B. it repaired C .repaired D. to be repaired24. With a lot of difficult problems, the newly electedpresidentis having ahard time.A .settled B. settling C. to settle D. being sett

24、led25. With trees,flowers andgrasseverywhere,my n ative tow n had take non an ew look.A. plantingB. plantedC. to plant D .to be planted 26. Shewas glad to seeher child wellcare of.A. take B. to be taken C. taken D. taking727. The result of the entranceexamswas not madeto the public until last Thursd

25、ay.A. knowing B. known C. to know D. to be known 28.1 canmake youwhat I say,but you can' t make yourselfin English.A. understand; understandB .understand, understood C to understand, understand D. understand; to beunderstood 29. He found themat a table.A. sat;to play chessB. sitting; to play che

26、ss C. seated;playing chess D. seat;play the chess30. John rushed out in a hurry,the door.A. leaving;unlocked B. leaving;unlocking C. left; uniocked D. to leave;unlocking 31. Weareple asedto seethe problemso quickly.A. settled B. settling C. be settled D. having been settled 32.1 could feel the windo

27、n my face from an open window.A .to blow B .blowing C. to be blowingD .blown 33.production up by 60%,thecompany hashad anotherexcellent year.A. As B. For C. With D. Through34.everything, sheleft the supermarket with satisfaction.A. As, buying B. For, to buy C. With, bought D .Because,to buy 35. Don&

28、#39;t leavethe waterwhile you brush your teeth.（天津 2004）A. runB. running C. being run D. to run36. He looked around and caught a manhis hand into the pocket of a passenger.A. putB. to be putting C. to put D. putting37. Lawsthat punish parentsfor their little children's actions againstthe laws ge

29、t parents.（重慶 2004）A. worried B. to worryC. worryingD. worry 38. The teacheraskedusso much noise.（北京2003）A. don' t makeB. not make C. not makingD. not to make39. An army spokesma nstressedthat all the soldiers had bee no rderedclear8warnings before firing any shots.(上海 2003)A. to issue B. being

30、issued C. to haveissued D. to be issued40.Good morning. Can I help you? rd like to have this package_ ,Madame.A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed 41. Father will not _us to use his re corders. A. have B. let C .agree D. allow42. John was made_the truck for a week asp uni shme nt.A

31、.to wash B. wash ing C. wash D. to be washing 43. The missing boys were last seen_n earthe river.A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play 44. Paul doesn't have to be made_ .He al ways works hard.A. learn B. to learn Cearned D. learning45. Seein gthe sun _ above the surface of the sea,we le

32、t out a shout of joy.A. to rise B. to raise C. ris ing D .rais in g46. I wasdisappo in ted to fi nd his suggestions_.A been turned down B. turned down C. to be turned down D. to turn down 47. The patient waswa rnedoily food after the operation.A. to eat to B. eati ng not C .no t to eat D not eat in

33、g48. The speakerraised her voice but st ill couldn' t make herself.A. hear B. hearing C. to hear D. heard49. If you go to Xi'an,you'll find the palacesthere more magnificent than commonly. A. supposingB. to suppose C.supposed D. suppose50. It' sso cold today, we must keep the fire.A.

34、 to burn B. burning C. burn D. burnt51. The mother wasaskedlet her childrenTV every evening;A. not to; watch B. not to; to watch C. not; watch D. not; watching 52. They didn't observe herin and go upstairs.A. come B. came C. to come D. coming53. How about the two of usa walk down the garden? (MET93 17)9A. to take B. take C. taking D. to betaking54. I have had my bike , and I' m going to have somebody my radio tomorrow.A. repair;