新人教版八年級(jí)上《整式的乘法》綜合檢測試卷及答案

1、學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載整式的乘法同步測試、選擇題:卜列各式中，正確的是（A. t2t3 = t5B.t4+t2 = t 6 C.t3t4= t12D.t5t5 =2t5B. (- a)2 (- a)4 = a6D. (-a) (- a)2 = - a32.下列計(jì)算錯(cuò)誤的是(A. - a (- a)2 = - a4C. (-a3) (- a)2 = a3.下列計(jì)算中，運(yùn)算正確的個(gè)數(shù)是()5x3- x3 = x3 3m 2n = 6m+nam+an = am+nxm+1 xm+2 = xm xm+3A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4A. a11 B. a12C. a14D. a365 .下列各式計(jì)算

2、中，正確的是()A. (a3)3 = a6B. (-a5)4 = -a20 C. (-a)53 = a15 D. (-a)23 = a66 .下列各式計(jì)算中，錯(cuò)誤的是()A. (m6)6 = m36 B. (a4)m = (a2m) 2 C, x2n = (-xn)2 D, x2n = (-x2)7 .下列計(jì)算正確的是()A. (xy)3 = xy3 B. (2xy)3 = 6x3y3C. (-3x2)3 = 27x5D. (a2b)n = a2nbn8 .下列各式錯(cuò)誤的是()A. (23)4 = 212B. (- 2a)3 = - 8a3C. (2mn2)4 = 16m4n8D. (3ab)

3、2 = 6a2b29 .下列計(jì)算中，錯(cuò)誤的是()A. mn m2n+1 = m3n+1B. (-am-1)2 = a2m-2C. (a2b)n = a2nbnD. (-3x2)3 = -9x610 .下列計(jì)算中，錯(cuò)誤的是()A. (- 2ab2)2 (- 3a2b)3 = - 108a8b7B. (2xy)3 (- 2xy)2 = 32x5y511-1C. (3 m2n)(- m mn2)2 = 27 m4n429D. (- 3 xy)2(4 x2y) = x4y311 .下列計(jì)算結(jié)果正確的是()A. (6ab2- 4a2b)?3ab = 18ab- 12a2bB. (-x)(2x+x2-1)

4、 = -x3-2x2+1C. (- 3x2y)(- 2xy+3yz- 1) = 6x3y2- 9x2y2z2+3x2yD. (3 a3-1 b)?2ab = 3 a4b-ab2 42212 .若(x-2)(x+3) = .x2+a+b,則 a、b 的值為(A. a = 5, b = 6B. a = 1, b = -6C. a = 1, b = 6D. a = 5, b = -6二、解答題：1 .計(jì)算(1)(- 5a3b2) (-3ab 2c) (- 7a2b);(2)- 2a2b3 (m- n)5 1 ab2 (n- m)2+- a2(m- n) 6ab2;(3) 3a2( 1 ab2- b)

5、-( 2a2b2- 3ab)(- 3a);3(4)(3x2- 5y)(x2+2x- 3).2 .當(dāng) x = -3 時(shí)，求 8x2-(x-2)(x+1)-3(x-1)(x-2)的值.3 .把一個(gè)長方形的長減少3,寬增加2,面積不變，若長增加1,寬減少1,則 面積減少6,求長方形的面積.4 . (x+my-1)(nx-2y+3)的結(jié)果中x、y項(xiàng)的系數(shù)均為0,求3m+n之值.一、選擇題1 .A說明：t4與t2不是同類項(xiàng)，不能合并，B錯(cuò)；同底數(shù)幕相乘，底不變，指數(shù)相 加，所以 t3t4 = t3+4 = t74, C 錯(cuò)；t5? = t5+5 = t10w2t D 錯(cuò)；t2?3 = t2+3 = t5

6、, A 正確；答案為A.2 .C說明：-a2(- a)2 = -a2a2 = - a2+2 = - a4,A計(jì)算正確；(-a)2(- a)4 = a2a4= a2+4= a6,B 計(jì)算正確；(-a3) (-a)2 =21a3a -5a w5 1C 計(jì)算錯(cuò)誤；(-a) (- a) = - a a = - a ,D計(jì)算正確；所以答案為C3 .A說明：5x3-x3 = (5-1)x3 = 4x3 w3 ,錯(cuò)誤；3m與2n不是同底數(shù)幕，它們相乘 把底數(shù)相乘而指數(shù)相加顯然是不對的，比如m = 1, n = 2,則3m 2n = 31 22 = 34 -=12,而6m+n = 61+2 = 63 = 21

7、6 w 12錯(cuò)誤；am與an只有在m = n時(shí)才是同類 項(xiàng)，此時(shí)am+an = 2am*m+n,而在mn時(shí)，am與an無法合并，錯(cuò)；xm+1 xm+2 = xm+1+m+2 = xm+m+3 = xmxm+3,正確；所以答案為 A.4 .B說明：a6(a2)3 = a6 a2&=a6 a6 = a6+6 = a12,所以答案為 B.5 .D說明：(a3)3 = a3" = a9, A 錯(cuò);(-a5)4 = a% = a20, B 錯(cuò)；(-a)53 = (-a)“ = (-a)15 = -a15, C錯(cuò)；(-a)23 = (-a)2W=(-a)6 = a6, D 正確,答案為

8、D.6 .D說明：(m6)6 = m6冷=m36, A 計(jì)算正確；(a4)m = a4m, (a2m)2 = a4m, B 計(jì)算正確； (-xn)2 = x2n,C計(jì)算正確；當(dāng)n為偶數(shù)時(shí)，(-x2)n = (x2)n = x2n;當(dāng)n為奇數(shù)時(shí)，(-x2)n =-x2n,所以D不正確，答案為D.7 .D說明：(xy)3 = x3y3,A 錯(cuò)；(2xy)3 = 23x3y3 = 8x3y3, B 錯(cuò)；(-3x2)3 = (- 3)3(x2)3 = - 27x6, C錯(cuò)；(a2b)n = (a2)nbn = a2nbn, D 正確，答案為 D.8.C說明：(23)4= 23"=.212,A

9、 中式子正確；(-2a)3= (-2) 3a3 = -8a3,B 中式子正確；(3ab)2 = 32a2b2 = 9a2b2, C 中式子錯(cuò)誤；(2mn2)4 = 24m4(n2)4 = 16m4n8, D 中式子正 確，所以答案為C.9.D說明：mnm2n+1 = mn+2n+1 = m3n+1, A 中計(jì)算正確；(-am-1)2 = a2(m-1) = a2m-2, B 中 計(jì)算正確；(a2b)n = (a2)nbn = a2nbn, C 中計(jì)算正確；(-3x2)3 = (- 3)3(x2)3 = - 27x6, D中計(jì)算錯(cuò)誤；所以答案為D.10.C說明：(-2ab2)2 (- 3a2b)

10、3 = (- 2) 2a2(b2)2 (- 3)3(a2)3b3 = 4a2b4 (- 27)a6b3 = - 108a2+6b4+3 =-108a8b7, A 中計(jì)算正確；(2xy)3 (- 2xy)2 = (2xy) 3 (2xy)2 = (2xy) 3+2 = (2xy) 5 = 25x5y5 = 32x5 y5, B 中計(jì)算正確；(1 m2 n)(- 1 mn2)2 = 1 m2n(- 1 ) 2m2(n2)2 3333=1m2n1m2n4= 1_m2+2n1+4=1-m4n5, C 中計(jì)算錯(cuò)誤；(-xy)2(-x2y)=39272734(-2 )2x2y2 - x2y =-x2y2

11、9x2y = x4y3, D 中計(jì)算正確，所以答案為 C.349411.D說明：(6ab2- 4a b)?3ab = 6ab2 3ab 4a2b 3ab = 1802b3- 12a3b, A 計(jì)算錯(cuò)誤；(-x)(2x+x 2- 1) = - x 2x+(- x) x2- (- x) = - 2x2- x3+x = - x3- 2x2+x, B 計(jì)算錯(cuò)誤；(-3x2y)(- 2xy+3yz - 1) = (- 3x2y) ? (-2xy)+(- 3x2y) ?3yz- (- 3x2y)=6x3y2- 9x2y2z+3x2y, C 計(jì)算錯(cuò)誤；(3 a3-1 b)?2ab = (3 a3) ?2ab

12、-(1b)?2ab 4242= 3a4b-ab2, D計(jì)算正確，所以答案為D.212.B說明：因?yàn)?x-2)(x+3) = x?x- 2x+3x- 6 = x2+x- 6,所以 a = 1, b = -6,答案為 B.二、解答題1 .解:(1)(-5a3b2)(- 3ab 2c)(-7a2b) = (- 5)*-3)>(-7)(a3 a a2)(b2b2 b)c =-105a6b 5c.(2)- 2a2b3 (m- n)5 1 ab2 (n- m)2+1 a2(m- n) 6ab2=(-2 -) (a2 a) (b3 b2)(m- n)5 (m- n)2+( - 6)(a2 a)(m-

13、n)b2 = - - a3b5(m- n)7+ 3332a3b2(m- n).(3) 3a2(1 ab2- b)-( 2a2b2- 3ab)(- 3a) = 3a2 1 ab2- 3a2b+ 2a2b2 -3a- 3ab 3a=a3b2- 3a2b+ 6s3b2- 9a2b = 7s3b2- 12a2b.(4)(3x2- 5y)(x2+2x- 3) = 3x2 x2- 5y x2+3x2 2x- 5y 2x+3x2 (- 3)- 5y (- 3)=3x4- 5x2y+6x3- 10xy- 9x2+15y=3x4+6x3- 5x2y- 9x2- 10xy+15y.2 .解：8x2- (x- 2)(x+1)- 3(x- 1)(x- 2) = 8x2- (x2- 2x+x- 2)- 3(x2- x- 2x+2)=8x2-x2+x+2- 3x2+9x- 6 = 4x2+10x- 4.當(dāng) x = - 3 時(shí)，原式=4 (- 3)2+10 (- 3)- 4 = 36- 30- 4 = 2.3 .解：設(shè)長方形的長為x,寬為y,則由題意有xy-3y+ 2x-S = xy砂彳一= xy-62x-3y = 6gpl. '