中考賓語從句+定語從句教學(xué)案

1、中考賓語從句+定語從句教學(xué)案賓語從句定義由整個句子充當(dāng)成分。例子：Hethinksthatheisthemosthandsomeintheworld.引導(dǎo)詞1 .常見句型引導(dǎo)詞賓語從句引導(dǎo)詞是否可以省略是否作成分例句陳述句Wecansee(that)hefeelsblue.一般疑問句Idon'tknowwhetherheacceptsmygift.特殊疑問句Ireallydon'tknwwyherefusesit.2 .if與whether的區(qū)別口訣：例子：Hermooddependsontheweatherisgood.Shehasn'decidedtogotoCan

2、ada.TheboyasksIheardanynoisefromoutsideornot.Letmeknowyouloveme.Wearediscussingwewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.語序1 .一般情況：語序句型轉(zhuǎn)換：Joesays“Iamlisteningtomusic.”Joesays.Iask“Doessheworkintheoffice?"Iask.Sheasksme"WhatdidJoedo?”Sheasksme.2 .特殊情況：特殊疑問詞作,語序句型轉(zhuǎn)換："What'swrongwithher?Whatd

3、idsheexperience?Iask類似句型：時(shí)態(tài)口訣：判斷正誤：Hesayssheisright.()Hesaidsheisright.()Hesaidtheearthmovedaroundthesun.Hesaidtheearthmovesaroundthesun.CouldyoutellmehowIcouldgothere?CouldyoutellmehowIcangothere?Hesaysshewasright.()Hesaidshewasright.()()()()()定語從句定義修飾某一或的句子叫作定語從句。例子：Heisafamousmanwho/thathastwodau

4、ghters.定語從句三要素1 .先行詞：被修飾的或。2 .先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞? .關(guān)系詞：包括關(guān)系代詞（充當(dāng)）等和關(guān)系副詞（充當(dāng)）等,關(guān)系詞由先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞譀Q定。關(guān)系代詞1 .關(guān)系代詞表先行詞關(guān)系代詞充當(dāng)?shù)某煞帜芊袷÷岳?.Heisarichmanwho/thatisold.1. Heisafather(whom/that/who)hisdaughterslove.2. HeisamantowhomIspokejustnow.1.Thisistheplacewhich/thatisgreat.1. Thisistheplace(which/that)Ivisit.2. Th

5、isisthefactoryinwhichmyfatherworks.1. Thisistheteacherwhoseclassisboring.2. Thisistheplacewhosebeautyattractsvisitors.2 .定語從句中關(guān)系詞用that不用which的情況:只用that不用which解釋例句多少Wehaven'tgotmuch(that)wecanofferyou.不定代詞Anythingthatisneededhasbeenbought.一Heistheonlyman(that)Iknow.恰Heistheverymanthathelpedme.人物I

6、talkabouttheteachersandplaces(that)Iknow.最I(lǐng)t'sthebestbook(that)Ihaveeverread.序It'sthefirstbookthat)Iread.關(guān)系副詞先行詞關(guān)系副詞充當(dāng)?shù)某煞掷銲enjoythetimewhenweweretogether.It'sthefactoryvheremyfatherworks.Iknowthereasonwhyhelosesthegame.非限制性定語從句1 .定義：起補(bǔ)充說明作用，是先行詞的附加說明，去掉了也不會影響主句的意思，它與主句之間通常隔開。2 .關(guān)系詞：非限制性

7、定語從句關(guān)系詞用法與限制性定語從句基本一致，但是不用于非限制性定語從句。3 .as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句：as指代句子，位置靈活，常見句式有(眾所周知)；(正如上文提到的)等，as常翻譯為。易錯點(diǎn)總結(jié)1 .不用that的情況：前有;句中有;先行詞為時(shí)。例子：Thisisthehouseinwelivedlastyear.PleasetellmefromyouborrowedtheEnglishnovel.Ourguide,wasaFrenchCanadian,wasanexcellentcook.Thoseworkhardneverwastetime.2 .關(guān)系副詞=+(表達(dá)范圍更大)例子：I

8、stillrememberthedayonwhich(=)IwenttoBeijing.Thefactoryinwhich(=)Iworkisalargeone.Thisisthereasonforwhich(=)hewaslateforschool.3 .關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞：由決定例子：Istillrememberthetimewehadapicnicintheforest.Istillrememberthetimewespenttogether.一、英語閱讀理解專項(xiàng)練習(xí)試卷1 .閱讀理解Iwascute,activeandhappyuntilthatdaywhenIwas15monthso

9、ld.Ihadabadfall.Ilandedonaglassrabbitandcutoneofmyeyesbadlyenoughtoblindme.Thedoctorsaidthatiftheeyewastakenout,myfacewouldlookworse,somyscaredandblindeyelivesonwithme.Peopleoftenaskmeuncomfortablequestionsaboutmyeyeorevenplayjokesonme.Whenthekidsplayedgames,Iwasalwaysthe"badguy".Everyonel

10、ookeddownonme.YeteverytimemomnoticedIwasunhappy,shewouldsaytome,"Holdyourheaduphighandfacetheworld."Ithelpedmemoveoninlife.Asachild,Ithoughtmommeant:"Becarefuloryouwillfalldownorknockintosomethingbecauseyouarenotlooking."Asateenager,Ialwayslookeddowntohidemyshame,butIfoundthatpeo

11、plelikedmewhenIheldmyheaduphigh.InhighschoolIwasevenmademonitor,butoutsideIstillfeltlikeafreak(怪物).AllIreallywantedwastolooklikeeveryoneelse.Whenthingsgotreallybad,Iwouldcrytomymomandshewouldlookatmewithlovingeyesandsay,"Holdyourheaduphighandfacetheworld.Letthemseethelovethatisinside."Mom&

12、#39;slovegavemeconfidence.FinallyIwasabletolookpeopleintheeye.Ilearnednotonlytoappreciate(欣賞)myselfbutalsotohavedeeploveforothers.(1) Whathappenedtothewriterwhenshewas15monthsold?A.Shewasblindinbotheyes.B.Shetriedtocatcharabbitandbrokeherleg.C.Shehadaneyediseaseandwenttoseethedoctor.D.Shefelldownons

13、omeglassandinjuredoneeye.(2) Peopleweretothewriterwhenshewasyoung.A.unfriendlyB.patientC.helpfulD.polite(3) WhichofthefollowingaboutthewriterisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Shecouldunderstandhermother'swordswhenshewasachild.B.Shealwaysheldherheaduphighwhenshewasateenager.C.Shewasconfidentbothincla

14、ssandoutsideofhighschool.D.Hermomgaveherconfidenceandfinallyshecouldlookotherpeopleintheeye.(4) Inthepassage,thewriterwantstotellusweshouldA.repayourparents'loveB.learntoacceptandappreciateourselvesC.feelsorryaboutourdisadvantagesD.alwayshavedeeploveforothers【答案】(1)D(2) A(3) D(4) B【解析】【分析】主要講了作者

15、失明后，媽媽一直鼓勵自己要抬起頭面對世界，這給作者很大的自信，媽媽的愛讓作者知道不僅要欣賞自己，而且也要深愛別人。(1) 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)whenIwas15monthsold.Ihadabadfall.Ilandedonaglassrabbitandcutoneofmyeyesbadlyenoughtoblindme.可知作者15個月大時(shí)，作者跌倒在玻璃上，以至于眼睛失明了，故選D。(2) 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Peopleoftenaskmeuncomfortablequestionsaboutmyeyeorevenplayjokesonme可知人們問作者眼睛的問題，并且嘲笑作者，可知人們對作者是不友好

16、的，故選Ao(3)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Mom'slovegavemeconfidence.FinallyIwasabletolookpeopleintheeye.可知媽媽的愛給了作者信心，并且能用眼睛看人，故選D。(4)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Ilearnednotonlytoappreciate(欣賞)myselfbutalsotohavedeeploveforothers.可知我們應(yīng)該欣賞并且接受自己，故選Bo【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細(xì)節(jié)題，注意從文中仔細(xì)尋找答案。2.閱讀理解"Everythinghappensforthebest,"mymothersaidwhenever

17、thingsweren'tgoingmyway."Don'tworry,onedayyourluckwillchange."Motherwasright,asIdiscoveredafterIhadfinishedmycollegeeducation.Ihaddecidedtotryforajobinradio.Oneday,Iwantedtohost(主持)asportsprogram.IwenttoChicagoandknockedonthedoorofeverystation.ButIgotturneddowneverytime.Inonestatio

18、n,akindladysaidmyproblemwasthatIhadn'tgotenoughexperience."Getsomeworkwithasmallstationandworkyourwayup,"shesaid.Iwentbackhome.Icouldn'tgetajobthere,either.Thenmydadtoldmeabusinessmanhadopenedastoreandneededsomeonetohelphim.Butagain,Ididn'tgetthejob.Ifeltreallydown."Yourlu

19、ckwillchange,"momsaidtome.Dadlentmethecartohelpmetolookformyjob.ItriedanotherradiostationinIowa.Buttheowner,aniceman,toldmehehadalreadyhadsomeone.AsIlefthisoffice,Iasked,"Howcansomeonebeasportsannouncer(播音員)ifhecan'tgetajobinaradiostation?"IwaswaitingfortheliftwhenIheardthemancall

20、."Whatdidyoumean?Doyouknowanythingaboutfootball?"HeputmeinfrontofamicrophoneandaskedmetotrytoimaginethatIwasgivingmyopiniononafootballgame,Isucceeded.Onmywayhome,mom'swordscamebacktome,"Onedayyourluckwillchange,son.Andwhenithappens,it'llfeeldoubly(力口倍的)goodbecauseofallthehardw

21、orkyou'vehad."AtthatmomentIknewwhatjustshemeant.11)Whydidn'tthewritergetthejobinChicago?A.Becausehewastooyoung.B.Becausehedidn'tgetcollegeeducation.C.Becausehe'sgotagood-lookingperson.D.Becausehehadn'tgotenoughexperience.(2) Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothearticle?A.

22、Youjustneedtowaitforsometime,thenluckwillcome.B. Luckwillcomeifyoutryyourbesttodoeverything.C. It'simportantforyoutowaitforluck.D. Youshouldtrustyourmother.(3) Theunderlinedsentence"ButIgotturneddowneverytime."means"".A.ButIwasrefusedeverytimeB.ButIwassuccessfuleverytimeC.But

23、IlostmywayeverytimeD.Butthedoorofeverystationwasalwaysclosed(4) What'sthebesttitleofthispassage?A.Mother'sWordsB.EverythingHappensfortheBestC.NoOneisAlwaysLuckyD.ToFindaJobinRadioisDifficult【答案】(1)D(2) B(3) A(4) B【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章通過母親的話和作者的親身經(jīng)歷得出一個結(jié)論，通過努力一切都會變好。(1) 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原句Inonestation,akind

24、ladysaidmyproblemwasthatIhadn'tgotenoughexperience.在一個電臺，一位善良的女士說我的問題是wi沒有足夠的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。故選Do(2) 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Everythinghappensforthebest,"mymothersaidwheneverthingsweren'tgoingmyway."Don'tworry,onedayyourluckwillchange."Motherwasright,可知媽媽的觀點(diǎn)是一切都會好的，不用擔(dān)心，有一天你的運(yùn)氣會改變。母親的意思是通過努力好運(yùn)一定

25、回來，故選Bo(3)句義理解題。根據(jù)三四五自然段可知作者每次都被拒絕了，turndown:拒絕，和refuse意思相近，故選A。(4)主旨大意題。通讀全文，可知文章圍繞第一句話Everythinghappensforthebest,展開，通過自己的真實(shí)經(jīng)歷得出結(jié)論Andwhenithappens,it'llfeeldoubly(加倍的)goodbecauseofallthehardworkyou'vehad."可知主旨大意是一切都會好的，故選Bo【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解能力。首先閱讀全文，掌握大意，然后根據(jù)每個問題在文章中找到依據(jù)，鎖定正確答案。3.根據(jù)表格所提供的信息選

26、擇最佳答案。TheVolunteersfortheIceandSnowFestivalNametem1hJackArjDuYue零遙MikeeZhangNaAge25283128NationalityAmericanChineseEnglishChineseJobPersonalityCoachFriendlyNurseQuietSingerHumorousTourguideOutgoingVolunteeringexperience(s)HelpingduringtheCityAtFestivalin2016Volunteeringatananimalhospitalin2013and201

27、5TeachingchildrenmusicatschoolinthecountrysideWorkingatananimalcarecentretwiceWordBox:item項(xiàng)目；personality性格(1) JackhelpedduringtheCityArtFestival.A.in2013B.in2015C.in2016(2) MikeisZhangNa.A.threeyearsolderthanB.asoldasC.threeyearsyoungerthan(3) DuYueandZhangNa_.A. havesimilarvolunteeringexperiencesB.

28、 comefromdifferentcountriesC. havethesamepersonality(4) IfsomeoneishurtduringtheIceandSnowFestival,maybethemostsuitabletohelp.A.JackB.DuYueC.Mike(5) WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtotheform(表格)above?A. Mikewhotaughtchildrenmusicishumorous.B. ThetwogirlsvolunteeredattheOlympics.C. JackfromEnglandi

29、satourguide.【答案】(1)C(2) A(3) A(4) B(5) A【解析】【分析】主要講了冰雪節(jié)的一些志愿者信息。(1)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Jack這一豎排中HelpingduringtheCityArtFestivalin2016,可知在2016年幫助常識藝術(shù)家，故選C。(2)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Age這一橫排中可知Mike年齡是31歲，ZhangNa年齡是28歲，Mike比ZhangNa大3歲,故選Ao(3)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Volunteeringexperience(s)這一橫排中可知DuYue和ZhangNa可知她們都在寵物醫(yī)院工作過，所以她們有相似的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)，故選Ao(4)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Jo

30、b這一欄可知DuYue工作是護(hù)士，所以在冰雪節(jié)有人受傷時(shí)她可以幫助，故選B。(5)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Mike這一豎排Teachingchildrenmusicatschoolinthecountryside和Humorous可知Mike在學(xué)校教孩子音樂，并且性格是幽默的，故選Ao【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細(xì)節(jié)題，注意從文中仔細(xì)尋找答案。4.閱讀短文，從各題所給的A、B、CD四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ByAnnaMatteo28January,2019A3-year-oldboywhowaslostinthewoodsfortwodaysisnowsafeathomewithhisfamily.Bu

31、tCaseyHathawaytoldhisrescuers(救援者)thathewasnotaloneintherainy,freezingcoldwoods.Hesaidhewaswithafriendabear.ThechildwentmissingonJanuary22whileplayingwithfriendsnearhisgrandmother'shouseinNorthCarolina.WhentheotherchildrenreturnedbutCaseydidnot,thefamilysearchedtheareaforalmostanhourbeforecallin

32、gthepolice.Policeformedasearchteamtolookfortheyoungboyinthenearbywoods.ButtwodayswentbyandnoCasey.ThenonJanuary24,someonecalledthepolicesayingheheardachildcryinginthewoods.PolicefollowedupontheinformationandfoundCaseyatabout9:30thatnight.Hewasingoodhealth.Caseytoldtherescuershehadhungoutwithablackbe

33、arfortwodays,abearhecalledhis"friend".ThepoliceofficerChipHughesspokewithreportersfromseveralnewsagencies.HesaidCaseydidnotsayhowhecouldsurviveinthewoodsfortwodaysinthecold,rainyweather."However,"thepoliceofficersaid,"hedidsayhehadafriendinthewoodsthatwasabearwithhim."H

34、undredsofpeoplehelpedinthesearchandrescueefforts,includingsome600volunteers,policeandmembersofthearmy.DoctorsatthemedicalcentergaveCaseysomeexamination.HewasthensenttohisfamilyonJanuary25.Hismothertalkedwithreportersandthankedeveryonewhojoinedthesearchforherson."Wejustwanttotelleverybodythatwe&

35、#39;reverythankfulthatyoutookthetimeouttosearchforCasey,"saidhismother."HeisupandtalkingHe'salreadyaskedtowatchcartoons."(1) WhostayedwithCaseyinthewoodsduringthetwodays?A.Abear.B.Thepolice.C.Hismother.D.Thevolunteers.(2) Theunderlinedword"survive"inParagraph6probablymea

36、ns"".A.giveupB.getlostC.fallasleepD.remainalive(3) Whatisthecorrectorderinwhichthesehappen?a. Someoneheardachildcrying.b. ThefamilystartedtolookforCasey.c. Caseyplayedwithhisfriends.d. ThepolicefoundCaseywasingoodhealth.A.b-c-a-dB.b-c-d-aC.c-b-a-dD.c-b-d-a(4) AfterCaseywassentbackhome,hewa

37、s.A.scaredB.nervousC.relaxedD.surprised【答案】(1)A(2) D(3) C(4) C【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章講述了三歲的孩子CaseyHathaway在丟失之后的神奇的經(jīng)歷。他跟一只大熊游逛了兩天。(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)Hesaidhewaswithafriendabear.可知他跟一只熊在一起，故答案是A。,這些都是小男孩Do(2)詞義猜測題題，小男孩丟失了，根據(jù)inthewoodsfortwodaysinthecold,rainyweather在森林里遇到的惡劣生存條件，小男孩最后安全回家，可推測該單詞的意思是生存，故答案是(3)細(xì)節(jié)排除題，根

38、據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，孩子跟朋友在一起玩，即c,沒有回來，家人就開始找他，即b。然后就有人聽到了孩子的哭喊聲即a,最后警察發(fā)現(xiàn)他狀況很好，即d,句子順序應(yīng)該是c-b-a-d,故答案是C。(4)細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)HeisupandtalkingHe'salreadyaskedtowatchcartoons,可知說明孩子沒有問題，很放松，故答案是Q【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解，本文涉及到了細(xì)節(jié)理解題，猜疑猜測題和細(xì)節(jié)排序題，細(xì)節(jié)理解題和細(xì)節(jié)排序題相對簡單，可知直接從文中找到答案，猜疑猜測題則需要結(jié)合具體語境去推測單詞的意思。(5) 讀理解IwastravellingalonethroughtheUK.To

39、reachplacesthatwereoffthepublictransportationmap,Iboughtanoldcar,whichcostmostofmymoney.Icouldn'taffordtostayinahotel,soIhadtocampinmycarfortherestofthetrip.OnemorningIwokeupinmyoldcaronacountryroadinIrelandandsawasinglehouse,Thewaterinmythermos(保溫瓶)hadgonecold,soIknockedonthedoorofthehouse.Awomanopenedit.Iaskedherforsomehotwater.Butshewouldn'tletmegetawaywithjustthat!Iwasinvitedindoors.Sheaskedmetositatthetableandhavebreakfastwithherfamily.TheyfilledmythermosbeforeIleft.Iwasgreatlymoved.AndIdecidedtopassthekindnesson.TheotherdayImetayoungmanwhohadbeendrivingaroundtoloo