中考賓語(yǔ)從句詳細(xì)講解與練習(xí)精華簡(jiǎn)單易懂

1、賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中用作賓語(yǔ)的從句叫做賓語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、介詞或某些形容詞的賓語(yǔ)。在及物動(dòng)詞的后面可以接一個(gè)名詞來(lái)充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，如：Iknowtheman.而這時(shí)也可以用一個(gè)句子來(lái)充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，如：Iknowthatthemanisapoliceman.主句引導(dǎo)詞從句IamafraidthatyoudonunderstandwhatIsaid.做形容詞的賓語(yǔ)）恐怕你沒(méi)理解我的意思。Hewasdeeplydispleasedbywhathadoccurredthatday（做介詞的賓語(yǔ)）那天所發(fā)生的事情另他非常不高興。I.賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞1.陳述句充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，用that引導(dǎo)，t

2、hat無(wú)詞義，在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中常省略。如:Myteachersaid(that)Iwasagoodboyfe師說(shuō)我是個(gè)好男孩Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed1 .Thisisabook.2 .Youlikesinging.3 .Heworkedlastnight.4 .Theywillgohome.5 .JimhasbeentoBeijing.6 .Shesingswell.Shedoesntknow(that)sheisseriodsi用以下開頭與下列句子連成賓語(yǔ)從句：1. Iknow2. Shesays(that)3. Tellyourfriend2.當(dāng)由一般疑問(wèn)句

3、充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，用if或whether引導(dǎo)，意為是否。如:C(1)IsJimagoodstudent?Idontknowih，+kf/hthr-HH.Idontknowif/whetherJimisagoodstudent.(2)DoesKategetupearly?Doyouknow?Doyouknowif/whetherKategetsupearly?用以下開頭與下列句子連成賓語(yǔ)從句：1.Doyouknow2.Iwanttoknowif/whether3.Theteacherasks1.Ishereading?2 .Doyougetupatsix?3 .DoesTomworkhard?4

4、.DidyouwatchTV?5 .W川theyreadbooks?6 .Canyousing?注意：只能用whether不用if的三種情況?一般情況下，if和whether可以互換，但以下3種情況只能用whether：?與ornot連用：HeaskedmewhetherornotIwascoming.Letmeknowwhetheryoucancomeornot.Itdependsonwhetheritisgoingtorain.IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings?在介詞之后:在不定式之前:Wehaventdecidedwhethtorgothere.Ido

5、ntknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse.1. Whatisthis?2. Whatareyoudoing?3. Wheredoyoulive?4. Whendoeshegetup?5. Howdidyougotowork?6. Whowillyouplaywith?+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他3.如果賓語(yǔ)從句原來(lái)是特殊疑問(wèn)句，只需用原來(lái)的疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)。如:Cl.Whatisshedoing?Canyoutellme?Canyoutellmewhatsheisdoing?C2.Wheredoesshelive?Doyouknow?Doyouknowwhereshelives?用以下開頭與

6、下列句子連成賓語(yǔ)從句：1.Doyouknow2.Iwanttoknow3.CanyoutellmeH.賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序必須是陳述語(yǔ)序，即：連接詞句式連詞語(yǔ)序例句陳述句That/、艾Ithinkthatwecanbegoodfriends.一般疑問(wèn)句if/whether改為陳述語(yǔ)序IcantrememberifIpostedthelette特殊疑問(wèn)句特殊疑問(wèn)詞改為陳述語(yǔ)序HeaskedwhowasourEnglishteacher.注意事項(xiàng)：（一）當(dāng)從句的原句為以下句子以及what,who作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，語(yǔ)序不變：Whatswrong?Whatsthematter?Whatshappeni

7、ng?eg:Idontknowwhatsthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?田.賓語(yǔ)從句與主句的時(shí)態(tài)要相互呼應(yīng)（主現(xiàn)從任意，主過(guò)從過(guò)去）1 .如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)具體情況來(lái)確定，可以是任何時(shí)態(tài)Idontthink（that）youareright.Pleasetelluswherewellgofishingtomorrow.DoyouknowwhenMr.Smithmovedhere?過(guò)去進(jìn)行2 .如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句只能用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)（一般過(guò)去時(shí)，時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)）。例如：Hetoldmethath

8、ewasborninBeijingin1992.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.特殊情況：1 .從句說(shuō)明的是一般真理、客觀事實(shí)、自然現(xiàn)象、名言時(shí)，仍用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Dadtoldusthatitisbettertodothantosay.Hetoldtheboythatthreeandthreeissix.Couldyoutellmewherethebookshopis.2 .從句中有具體時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，即使從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作前，仍然用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Theteachertoldmeshewasbornin1960.即學(xué)即練把句子連接成為含有賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。1)

9、 TheseflowersarefromGuangdong.Hesaid.HesaidtheseflowersfromGuangdong.2) Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Myteachertoldme.Myteachertoldmelightfasterthansound.3) Therewillbeameetinginfivedays.Jackdidntknow.Jackdidntkno_wthereameetinginfivedays.4) CantheyspeakFrench?Iwanttoknow.IwanttoknowFrench.5) Arethech

10、ildrenplayinggames?Tellme.Tellmethechildrengames.6) Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?Mr.ZhaoaskedMaChaoMr.ZhaoaskedMaChaohomeworkyet.7) Howmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepicture?Whoknows?Whoknowsinthepicture?8) Wheredidsheparkhercar?Doyouknow?Doyouknowhercar?9) Whatdoesheoftentalkabout?Thegirlwondered.Thegir

11、lwonderedoftenabout.10) Whoknockedatthedoorsoloudly?Idontknow.Idontknowatthedoorsoloudly.11) Doeshestillliveinthatstreet?Idontknow.Idontknowhestillinthatstreet.12) Whatshisname?Iaskedhim.Iaskedhimwhat.13) Whendoesthetrainarrive?Pleasetellme.Pleasetellme.14) Dotheywantfriedchicken?Heaskedtheboys.Heas

12、kedtheboystheyfriedchicken.15)WasthewatchmadeinShanghai?Idontknow.IdontknowthewatchmadeinShanghai.單項(xiàng)選擇1)Ihopeitwillsnowthiswinter.A.whenB.ifC.whetherD./答案：Dhope后面應(yīng)該接that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從旬，that在句中沒(méi)有任何意義，可以省略2)IdontknowMr.Greenwillcometoseeus.HewillhelpuswithourEnglish.A.whyB.whenC.howD.where答案：A從下文的答語(yǔ)看，上文不知道的應(yīng)該

13、是“來(lái)看我們的原因”。3)IcantrememberIhaveseenhimbefore.A.whetherB.whyC.whatD.how答案：A本句表達(dá)一種不確定的概念，用whether或if。4)Doyouknow？Imgoingtoseehim.Sorry，Idontknow.A.wheredoesMr.LiliveB.wheredidMr.LiliveC.whereMr.LilivesD.whereMr.Lilived答案：C賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述語(yǔ)氣，排除A、B兩項(xiàng)。從句意判斷問(wèn)的是“現(xiàn)在住哪兒？5)Wheredoyouthinkhethecompute？rSorry，Ihavenoid

14、ea.A.；boughtB.has；boughtC.did；buyD.does；buy答案：Adoyouthink是插入語(yǔ)，可以把它去掉，分析句意應(yīng)該用應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)和陳述語(yǔ)序。6)Icantunderstandhelikescomputergamessomuch.A.thatB.whetherC.whyD.where答案：C句意為“我不理解為什么他那么喜歡電腦游戲”。7)(2010北京中考大綱卷)DoyouknowtheMP3playerlastweek?Sorry，Ihavenoidea.A.howmuchdidshepayforB.howmuchwillshepayforC.howmuch

15、shepaidforD.howmuchshewillpayfor答案：C賓語(yǔ)從何要用陳述語(yǔ)序，由此排除A、B兩項(xiàng)，由lastweek判斷應(yīng)該用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)8)(2010北京中考大綱卷)Idontknowtomorrow.Canyoutellme?A.whenwestartedB.whendidwestartC.whenwewillstartD.whenwillwestart答案：C由tomorrow判斷，應(yīng)該用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)表示。經(jīng)典例題例1Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeperWhoMovedMyCheesewasaninterestingbook.A.that

16、B.howC.whatD.if思路解析：注意本句中斜體部分是一本書的名字誰(shuí)動(dòng)了我的奶酪，本句含義是個(gè)讀者問(wèn)書店管理員這本書是不是有趣。所以答案是D項(xiàng)。答案：D黑色陷阱：本題的主要陷阱是書名WhoMovedMyCheese它本身含有一個(gè)who,容易給人造成誤解。綠色通道：在英語(yǔ)中，注意書名一般都是斜體的，且書名的首字母是大寫的，注意把它看成一個(gè)獨(dú)立的完整的東西。例2IwastoldBillGateswasthirteenhebegantoplaywithcomputers.A.thathowB.howthatC.whenthatD.thatwhen思路解析：注意后面從何的含義是比爾蓋茨十三歲的時(shí)

17、候開始玩電腦”，應(yīng)該用when表示當(dāng)時(shí)”，本句中的that是賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。所以選D項(xiàng)。答案：D黑色陷阱：本句結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，主要陷阱設(shè)置在when上，它在本句中起到引導(dǎo)后面的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的作用。綠色通道：做此類題，要慢慢理順?biāo)悸罚灰@牛角尖，當(dāng)一種含義說(shuō)不通時(shí)，從另一個(gè)角度或另一個(gè)含義考慮。例3（2010江蘇蘇州中考）一Iwonder.Zebras.A.whatdotheycalltheseanimalsB.howtheycalltheseanimalsC.whattheycalltheseanimalsD.howdotheycalltheseanimals思路解析：本句含義是我想知道他們叫這些動(dòng)物什么，排除B、D兩項(xiàng)。另外賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述語(yǔ)序。所以選C項(xiàng)。答案：C黑色陷阱：本句容易譯成他們?cè)鯓臃Q呼這些動(dòng)物”而錯(cuò)選how,注意本句中隱含句型callsb.sth.含義是稱呼某人綠色通道：解答本類題首先分析句意，確定引導(dǎo)詞，然后看好語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。例4（2010北京中考）Imdifferentfrommytwinsister.Ilovedancingsheisinterestedinreading.A.soB.orC.butD.and思路解析：本句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，選擇C項(xiàng)。答案：C黑色陷阱：本句陷阱在于選項(xiàng)前后都是肯