203英語考前復習：透析中考英語語法介詞考點

1、透析中考英語語法介詞考點【介詞命題趨勢】1、表示時間的介詞2、表示方位和運動方向的介詞3、常用介詞用法辨析4、介詞與其它詞類的搭配1形容詞與介詞的搭配2動詞與介詞的搭配3名詞與介詞的搭配【考點詮釋】一、考查簡單介詞的用法【考例】-When did Hong Kong return to our motherla nd?一July 1st，1997.福州市A. On Bln CAt DForA此題的四個選項都可以放在表示時間的單詞組前面，in, on, at往往在時間點的前面，for往往引導一個時間段。1997年7月1日是一個具體的時間，在具體到某一天，用介詞on。文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索Id lik

2、e a cup of coffeesome sugar and milk.廣東省文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索A. inB. toC. ofD. with文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索DA選項介詞in,表示在里面 ；B選項介詞to表方向，意為到，向；C項of表“所屬關系，意為“的 ;D項介詞with作“帶有；用_力口等講。由句意 “我想要一杯加糖和牛奶的咖啡?？芍?，選項 D正確。文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索-Oh,so many people in the amuseme nt park!-Nobody likes to stay at home _ Sunday morning.太原市文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索A. inB. onC

3、. at文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索B此題考查介詞的用法。三個選擇都可以用來表示時間，at多用于具體時間點前，在上、下午及晚上常用介詞in，但具體到某一天的上、下午要用介詞 on。文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索二、考查介詞之間的辨析【考例】 The moon light is coming in the window and the room seems quiet andbeautiful.成都市文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索A, acrossB. through C. overB across表示橫過，從一邊到另一邊，through從內(nèi)部穿過，over表示從物體外表通過?！霸?光透過窗子射進來故不能選Ao文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索

4、Be careful whe n you comethe street, because the traffic is very busy at the mome nt.年山東濟寧文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索A. across B. beh ind C. betwee n D. over【剖析】答案為A。此題考察方位介詞的用法。過馬路一般為外表橫穿，因此要用across。-Look, a blind man is in the middle of the street, Its too dangerous. 文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索-Lets go and help himthe road.河南省A. thr

5、oughB. alongC. acrossD. over 文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索C橫穿馬路要用across表示“從一邊到另一邊而不用 through , through用于穿過森林等。三、考查成語介詞與介詞固定搭配【考例】You must always be carefulelectricity . It s dangerous.沈陽市文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索A. toB atC forD. withD. be careful withof /about對注意警惕，句意為你必須時刻注意用電，那很危險。文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索Boys and girls,wish you to do well in the E

6、nglish exam _ a light heart. Good luck to every-one!哈爾濱市文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索A. onB. withC. without文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索B考查介詞用法。with a light heart以一種輕松的心態(tài)with表伴隨。with是中考的重要考點， 有如下幾種用法：有，帶著表方式或工具，write with a pen用鋼筆書寫表伴隨a housewith a big garden帶有大花園的房子。文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索Mary bought a housea small garden. She will move in next week.

7、昆明市文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索A. fromB. withC. forD. of文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索B此題由句意人手破解，瑪麗買了一處“帶有花園的房子，這兒可用介詞with，意為“具有；帶有，所以B項正確。文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索一 I hear you have got a ticketthe 0pening Ceremony of the Beijing Olympics .文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索一 Yes. I got itmy uncle .黃岡市A . of; fromB to . byC to; fromD . for; to 文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索C考查介詞的用法。此題易錯選項為A.的答案/鑰匙/票，

8、都要用 to,而不能用of。故不能選A。It was a great day but We did not enjoy itthe beginning .蘇州文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索A . onB. forC. withD. at答案：D解析：此處考查固定短語“在開始時，用介詞at，應選D。It is importantus students to make a planour studies before a new term starts . 連云港文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索A . for; forB. of: forC. to; ofD . with : on 文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索答案：A解析：此題考查

9、介詞for的用法，第一空It is important for sb . to do sth .;第二空forour studies為我們的學習，表目的。 文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索Its necessary for us to take one hours exercise every day.I agreeyou.吉林省文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索A. atB. toC. onD. with文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索D agree with sb同意某人的觀點。注意agree with與agree to的區(qū)別。agree with +sb “同意某人的觀點 ;agree to+動詞原形“同意干某事。文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜

10、索一 How are you going to the Summer Palace?一 Were going therebike .北京市A forB atC ofD . byD考查短語by bike騎自行車。要注意區(qū)分：take a bike to+某地一 go to+某地+by bike。文檔 來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索連云港Thiswoman has devoted all her lifecaring for the poor . 文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索A . modest; with B . kind; toC . selfish ; forD . unfair; at 文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索答案：B解

11、析：第一空意為這位善良的婦女，應選kind,第二空，devoteto指獻身于，to后跟動名詞或名詞，故此題選B。文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索【語法回憶】1. 介詞的功能介詞是一種虛詞，用來表示名詞或相當于名詞的其它詞語句中其它詞的關系，不能單獨 使用。介詞可與名詞或相當于名詞的其它詞構成介詞短語。介詞短語可在句中作定語，狀語,表語和賓語補足語。例如： 文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索The boy over there is John brother.在那兒的那個男孩是約翰的弟弟。定語文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索The girl will be back in two hours. 這位姑娘過兩個小時回來。狀語文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜

12、索Our English teacher is from Australia.我們的英語老師來自澳大利亞。表語文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索Help yourself to some fish.請吃些魚。賓語補足語2. 常用介詞的用法辨析1表時間的介詞1at, in on表示時間點用 at。例如：at six o clock, at noon, at midnight。表示在某個世紀，某年，某 月，某個季節(jié) 文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索以及早晨，上午，下午，晚上時，用 in。例如：in the nineteenth century, in 2002, in may, in winter, in the mornin

13、g, in the afternoon等。表示具體的某一天和某一天的上午，下午，晚上時，用on。例如：on Mon day, on July 1 st, on Sun day morni ng等。文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索2since, after由since和after引導的詞組都可表示從過去某一點開始的時段，但since詞組表示的時段一直延續(xù)到 文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索說話的時刻，因而往往要與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。而after詞組所表示的時段純系過去，因而要與一般過去時連用。例如：文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索I haven heard from him si nee last summer.自從去年夏天，我再也沒有收到

14、他的信。文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索After five days the boy came back.五天后，這男孩返回來。3in, afterin與將來時態(tài)連用時，表示“過多長時間以后的意思，后面跟表示一段時間的詞語。After與將來時態(tài)連用時，后面只能跟表示時間點的詞語。After與過去時態(tài)連用時，后面才能跟表示一段時間的詞語。例如：文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索He will be back in two mon ths.他在兩個月后回來。 He will arrive after four o clock 四點鐘后，他到達。 He returned after a mon th. 一個月后，他回來了。2表

15、示地點的介詞at, i n, onat 一般指小地方；in 一般指大地方或某個范圍之內(nèi)；on往往表示“在某個物體的外表。例如：He arrived in Shan ghai yesterday.他昨他天至 U達上海。They arrived at a small village before dark.他們在天黑前到達一個小村莊。文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索There is a big hole in the wall.墻上有一個大洞。The teacher put up a picture on the wall.老師把一幅畫掛在墻上。文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索over, above, onover, on和

16、above都可表示“在 上面，但具體含義不同。Over表示位置高于某物，在某物的正上方，其反義詞是under。above也表示位置高于某物，但不一定在正上方，其反義詞是below。On指兩個物體外表接觸，一個在另一的上面。例如：文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索There is a bridge over the river.河上有一架橋。We flew above the clouds.我們飛越云層。They put some flowers on the teacher desk.他們把一些花放在講桌上。文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索across, throughacross和through均可表示從這一邊到另一邊，

17、但用法不同。Across的含義與on有關，表 示動作在某一物體的外表進行。Throgh的含義與in有關，表示動作是在三維空間進行。例如： 文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索The dog ran across the grass 狗跑過草地。The boy swam across the river.那男孩游過河。They walked through the forest.他們穿過森林。4) in front of, i n the front ofin front of表示在某人或某物的前面，在某個范圍以外；in the fro nt of表示在的前部，在某個范圍以內(nèi)。例如： 文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索There

18、 are some tall trees in front of the building.在大樓前有一些高樹。文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom.老師坐在教室前面 文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索3. 介詞的固定搭配介詞往往同其他詞類形成了固定搭配關系。記住這種固定搭配關系，才能正確使用介詞。(1) 介詞與動詞的搭配liste n to , laugh at, get to, look for wait for, hear from, tur n on, turn off, worry about, think of,

19、 look after, spendon,等。文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索(2) 介詞與名詞的搭配on time, in time, by bus, on foot, with pleasure, on one way to, in trouble, at breakfast, at the end of, in the end等。文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索(3) 介詞與形容詞的搭配be late for, be afraid of, be good at, be interested in, be angry with, be full of, be sorry for 等。文檔來 自于網(wǎng)絡搜索【語法過關】1

20、. Chi na liesthe east of Asia andthe north of Australia,文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索A. to; to B. i n; to C to; in D. i n; on2. His son sudde nly returneda cold rai ny ni ght. 文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索A. on B. at C. in D. for3. Timmy goes to schoolevery day . Its 5 minu tes walk from his home to school. 文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索A. in a bus B. by pla

21、ne C. on foot D. by boat4. Last month , students had to have their lessons by Internetbecause of SARS. 文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索A. on the playground B. at homeC. in the street D. near the hospital 文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索5. Today some newly-produced mobile phones can take picturesa camera. 文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索A. as B. for C. like D. of6. So

22、me shops open10:00 a. m. and 3 : 30 p. m, duri ng the Spring Festival holidays. 文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索A. at B. betwee n C. from D. about7. - How are you going to the train statio n to meet your aunt? 文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡搜索-Im going theremy car.A. by B. in C. to D. on8. Luckily, the bullet n arrowly missed the capta inan in c