初一下冊英語知識梳理

1、初一第二學期知識梳理一、語法1.動詞時態(tài) 2.祈使句名稱 特征詞 肯定句的動詞一般現(xiàn)在sometimes, usually, often always, every., 原形 第三人稱單數(shù)現(xiàn)在進行l(wèi)ook, listen, now, Its .(幾點了) . 后的句子Dont do sth. 后的句子 be + doing一般過去yesterday., just now, .ago, this morning, When I was young, 過去式否認句、一般疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)句中有be、can, may , must, would 的變法否認句一般疑問句只在其后not (some-any)將

2、其放到句首.？句中沒有be、can, may , must, would 的變法動詞否認句一般疑問句原形在主語后dont句前Do ？ 第三人 稱單數(shù)在主語后doesnt動詞原形句前 Does 動詞原形？過去式在主語后didnt動詞原形句前Did動詞原形？答復:l Can you .? Yes, I can. No, I cant.l Is he.? Yes, he is. No, he isnt.l Do you .? Yes, I do. No, I dont. l Does.she ? Yes she does. No, she doesnt.l Did they.? Yes, they

3、did. No, they didnt.l Would you.? Yes, I would. No. I wouldnt.l Were they.? Yes, they were. No, they werent.l Should you.? Yes, I should. No, I shouldnt二、祈使句無人稱、動詞開頭，帶命令色彩的句子?？隙ㄊ絣 Open the window, please.l Look at here.l Please read after me.否認式l Dont open the window.l Dont look at here.l Dont read

4、after me.二、話題1. 天氣及季節(jié)2. 人的相貌及性格3. 健康 4. 假期三、句子簡單句: This is an orange bike.并列句: He knows me and I know him.復合句: When I was 5, I could swim.選擇問句: Did you live here or there?特殊疑問句: What did they learn just now?感慨句: What a heavy rain it is!一般疑問句: Does Tom speak French?否認句: I dont understand it.祈使句 : Sta

5、nd Dont up.四、句型 (及交際用語)1. 某人用多長時間做某事： It takes/took sb. + time + to do sth.2. 提問時間：u Whats the time?u What time is it?u What time is it by your watch?3.提問日期：l Whats the date today?l What was the date yesterday?4. 提問星期幾：u What day is it today?u What day was yesterday?5.提問某人的生日： When is ones birthday?

6、6. 提問天氣：u What is the weather like today?u (How is the weather today?)u What was the weather yesterday?u (How was the weather yesterday?7.提問溫度：u Whats todays temperature?u How about the temperature?8. 提問人的相貌： What does.look like?9. 提問人的性格： What is . like?10.詢問對方情況： Whats wrong with.sb.? Whats the ma

7、tter with .sb.?11. 到該做什么事的時候了。 Its time to do sth. Its time for sth.12. 提建議用語：u Why not do sth.?u Why dont you do sth.?u What about sth. / doing sth.?u Its best to do sth.u Youd better do sth.13.談?wù)摻】祮栴}： 1) 用英文表達自己的病癥n have a fever n have a coldn have a pain heren have a headachen have a sore through

8、n have a stomachache.2) 就此病癥提出合理建議 Take / Have some / these medicine three times a day. Drink more water and stay in bed for a few days. Its nothing serious. Youll be / get / become OK / well soon/ in one or two days. Dont be so tired.五、詞類1.動詞(謂語)l He watches TV every day.l He is watching TV now.l H

9、e watched TV a moment ago動詞(非謂語)l He enjoys watching TV. l Jim makes me laugh.l I wanted to see it again.2.系動詞 (+形容詞的動詞)Look/turn/sound/become/taste/be/feel/smell/get3.代詞人稱代詞主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey賓格meyouhimheritusyoutheir 物主代詞形容詞性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名詞性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs4

10、.不定代詞1. other, others, the other, the others,another, One., the other., any other2. one, ones, ones 3. somethingsomebody / someone anythinganybody / anyone4.everythingeverybody / everyone nothingnobody / no one5. 連詞1. and 7. when2. but 8. before3. or 9. after4. so 10. as5. though 11. if6. because用an

11、d, when, because, but, or, so, though before, after, if, 填空1. Jim often helps me with my English _ I often help him with his Chinese.2. _ the question is very difficult, few of us can answer it.3. Mr. Black is over 70 years old, _ he still works 8 hours a day.4. Everyone must be here _ 6:00 tomorrow

12、.5. _it is raining heavily, the farmers are still working in the field.6. I can help you _ I have time.7. _ getting up, I always listen to the radio for a while.8. We must be quick, _ we cant follow them.9. To catch the early bus, _ I got up very early this morning.10. _ the teacher came in, I was t

13、hinking about the game.11. _ you know him, why not go and meet Jim instead of me, Kate?6.形容詞、副詞形容詞與副詞的轉(zhuǎn)換l 在詞尾處+ lyl y結(jié)尾時,去y + ilyl 有的e結(jié)尾的單詞,需去y + ly，有的那么直接+ly。1. quickquickly 2. easy-easily3.terrible-terribly 4. true-truly5.brave-bravely 6. careful-carefully7. 數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞 用來表達年、月、日 用來表達時、分 百,千,萬,的表達 幾

14、分之幾 用How often 對它們進行提問。 他們表達了動詞出現(xiàn)的頻率程度。 I always have milk for breakfast. I usually have eggs for breakfast. I often have noodles for it. I sometimes have fruits for it. I seldom have rice for it. I never have meat in the morning.9. 與時間相關(guān)的介詞on 具體日子、節(jié)日、生日、星期幾前in 某年、某月前at 某分，某時前for 時間段前當“早上、下午、晚上被修飾時不

15、用 in 而用on. 表示方位的介詞：某物處在某處的東南西北。10. 疑問詞提問幾點鐘What time is it?Whats the time?價格how much地點where數(shù)量how many.how much.程度、方式how動詞、賓語what.do. what主語who, whom.性格Whats.like?時間when長相What does/ do.look like?頻率how often天氣Whats .like?Hows.?六、常用短語1.wake up 8. fall off2. wake.sb. up 9. come out3. tell. about 10. get

16、 along with.4. talk to / with sb. 11. turn on / off5. invite .to. 12. put on6. play with 13. take off7. think about. 14. be always doing. think out 15. add. to think of. 16. know about17. learn about 26. in many ways18. start with 27. in fact19. give of 28. in summer20. be called / named 29. in the

17、sun21. stop off 30. in ones thirties22. on the telephone 31. in space23. on the Internet 32. in 199024. on weekend 33. in the 1990s25. on the earth 34. in the night on the moon 35. at night36. at this time of year 46. on the top37. at the same time 47. a road to.38. at the moment 48. to sb.39. at th

18、e end of. 49. be different 40. from.to. from.41. for a while 50. be difference42. for a drink between43. for days 51. go to sw. for a44. on the other side of. holiday45. on ones way to. 52. as usual53. be interested in. 63. in class54. be always doing. 64. first of all55. by bike 65. in the past56.

19、on Kates bike 66. last year57. a photo of. 67. from the 1960s58. a photographer for 68. apart from.59. not.at all 69. thousands of.60. get into trouble hundreds of.61. listen to music 70. for example62. go to concerts 71. the trip to72. too much noise 82. all night73. much too expensive 83. a lot of

20、 fun74. save up 84. plan to do75. go on vacation 85. decide to do76. take photos 86. want to do 77. stay at a hotel 87. a big meal78. on the same team 88. keep out79. need .for. 89. one third80. do sth. on ones own 90. the time of.81. make one stop 91. a form of.93. drive to sw. 103. the same as94.

21、the capital of. 104. all the time95. be full of. 105. all kinds of96. more than 106. 3 times a day97. the shape of. 107. take the 98. 10 thousand medicine99. a northern city of.100. get a view of .101. the population of Beijing102. a population of 13 million七、易混淆的詞、詞組1. What is .like?/What does.look

22、 like?2. what to do/how to do it3. in the corner/at the corner4. wake up/wake sb. up5. get dressed/dress sb.6. there be/have / has7. join/take part in.8. a population of./the population of.9. in the east of./to the east of.10. trip/travel11. other, others/the other, the others/One., the other., anot

23、her12. any other schools/any other school13. stop to do sth./stop doing sth.14. besides/except15. a little, little, a bit, a bit of./a few, few16. get to./arrive in / at./reach17. too much/much too18. by car, in Jims car/by bike, on Jims bike19. excited, interested, amazed/exciting, interesting, amazing20. Its time to . ./Its time for. .21. Like/as22. noise,