人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修3 Unit2 精品課件：備受命題人青睞的“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋have done”

1、18 備受命題人青睞的“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”A。句意句意:孩子們一定在樹(shù)林里孩子們一定在樹(shù)林里迷路了迷路了;否則否則, 他們會(huì)按照計(jì)劃他們會(huì)按照計(jì)劃到達(dá)湖邊的營(yíng)地。根據(jù)句意可到達(dá)湖邊的營(yíng)地。根據(jù)句意可知知,孩子們現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)有到達(dá)孩子們現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)有到達(dá), 此此處表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的推測(cè)處表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的推測(cè), 故故用用“must have done”形式。形式。B。此處意為此處意為“對(duì)不起對(duì)不起,那天我那天我本不該對(duì)你大吼的本不該對(duì)你大吼的”。根據(jù)句。根據(jù)句意可知意可知,此處含有自責(zé)的意味此處含有自責(zé)的意味,因此用因此用“shouldnt+ have done”,表示表示“本不該做某事卻做了本

2、不該做某事卻做了”,故答案為故答案為B。The children _ lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.A. must have got B. must getC. should have got D. should getIm sorry. I _ at you the other day.Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.A. shouldnt shout B. shouldnt have shout

3、edC. mustnt shout D. mustnt have shouted2may/might have done3can/could have done5Should have done4neednt have done6would have done情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done1must have done“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)被普遍認(rèn)為是一個(gè)難點(diǎn)被普遍認(rèn)為是一個(gè)難點(diǎn),因?yàn)樗驗(yàn)樗鼈儽硎镜囊饬x各不相同們表示的意義各不相同,可謂錯(cuò)綜可謂錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜。有些表示推測(cè)復(fù)雜。有些表示推測(cè),有些表示責(zé)備；有些表示責(zé)備；有的常用于肯定句有的常用于肯定句,有的常用于否有的常用于

4、否定句和疑問(wèn)句等。要弄清楚它定句和疑問(wèn)句等。要弄清楚它們之間的區(qū)別們之間的區(qū)別,必須理解每一必須理解每一種結(jié)構(gòu)表示的意義：種結(jié)構(gòu)表示的意義：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done2may/might have done3can/could have done5Should have done4neednt have done6would have done情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done1must have done1must have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)進(jìn)行肯定的推測(cè)。只用在的狀態(tài)進(jìn)行肯定的推測(cè)。只用于肯定句于肯定句,意思是意思是“一定一定,準(zhǔn)是準(zhǔn)是”。如：。

5、如：The teacher must have thought Johnson was worth it, or she wouldnt have wasted time on him, I suppose.對(duì)現(xiàn)在事情的推測(cè)對(duì)現(xiàn)在事情的推測(cè), ,表示表示“一定一定,肯定肯定”時(shí)用時(shí)用“must+ +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形”。-Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is?-She must be in the classroom. I saw her there just now.2may/might have done3can/could have done5Should hav

6、e done4neednt have done6would have done情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done1must have done2may/might have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)進(jìn)行不太肯定的推測(cè)狀態(tài)進(jìn)行不太肯定的推測(cè),意為意為“也許也許已經(jīng)已經(jīng)”。一般用于肯定句或否定句。一般用于肯定句或否定句?！癿ight have done”還可用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣還可用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣,表表示示“本來(lái)可能做某事而實(shí)際上沒(méi)做本來(lái)可能做某事而實(shí)際上沒(méi)做”。如。如: where is my book? I remember I putit here yesterda

7、y.-You might have put it in the wrong place.(推測(cè)推測(cè))If he had worked harder he might have succeeded. (虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣)2may/might have done3can/could have done5Should have done4neednt have done6would have done情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done1must have done3can/could have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的推測(cè)表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的推測(cè),意思是意思是“可能已經(jīng)可能已經(jīng)”,常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)常用于否定

8、句和疑問(wèn)句；句；“could have done”還可用于虛還可用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣擬語(yǔ)氣,表示表示“過(guò)去本能夠做某事而實(shí)際過(guò)去本能夠做某事而實(shí)際上沒(méi)做上沒(méi)做”。如。如: My MP5 player isnt in my bag. Where can I have put it? (推測(cè)推測(cè)) If he had come yesterday, I could have told him about it.(虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣)2may/might have done3can/could have done5Should have done4neednt have done6would have don

9、e情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done1must have done4neednt have done表示過(guò)去沒(méi)有必要做某事卻表示過(guò)去沒(méi)有必要做某事卻做了，含有做了，含有“本來(lái)不必本來(lái)不必”之意。如：之意。如：There was plenty of time. You neednthave hurried.時(shí)間很充足，你本來(lái)時(shí)間很充足，你本來(lái)不必那么慌張的。（不必那么慌張的。（實(shí)際上很慌張實(shí)際上很慌張) )2may/might have done3can/could have done5should have done4neednt have done6would have done情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have

10、 done1must have done5should have done表示過(guò)去本應(yīng)該做某事但沒(méi)做表示過(guò)去本應(yīng)該做某事但沒(méi)做,含有責(zé)備之意。如：含有責(zé)備之意。如：I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I should have driven her there.“should/ought to have done”的否定的否定式表示過(guò)去本來(lái)不該做某事卻做了。式表示過(guò)去本來(lái)不該做某事卻做了。-My cat is really fat.- You shouldnt have given it so much food.2m

11、ay/might have done3can/could have done5Should have done4neednt have done6would have done情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done1must have done6would have done用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣,表示表示“過(guò)去本過(guò)去本來(lái)會(huì)做某事而實(shí)際上沒(méi)做來(lái)會(huì)做某事而實(shí)際上沒(méi)做”。如：。如：If I had not told him about the thing, he would never have known it.“had better (not) have done”意為意為 “當(dāng)時(shí)最好（不）做某事當(dāng)時(shí)

12、最好（不）做某事”。用于。用于 事后的建議事后的建議,含有輕微的責(zé)備口含有輕微的責(zé)備口吻。如吻。如:You had better not have scolded her.18 備受命題人青睞的“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”D。句意句意:親愛(ài)的親愛(ài)的,你本來(lái)沒(méi)有必你本來(lái)沒(méi)有必要買酒的要買酒的,因?yàn)樗麄円呀?jīng)不喝了。因?yàn)樗麄円呀?jīng)不喝了。根據(jù)句中的根據(jù)句中的“they have stoppeddrinking”可知應(yīng)選可知應(yīng)選neednt have bought, 表示表示“過(guò)去本來(lái)沒(méi)有必過(guò)去本來(lái)沒(méi)有必要買要買”。故。故D項(xiàng)正確。項(xiàng)正確。B。考查考查“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”的用法。

13、從語(yǔ)境可知他們?cè)谡劦挠梅?。從語(yǔ)境可知他們?cè)谡務(wù)撨^(guò)去的可能性論過(guò)去的可能性,手提包當(dāng)時(shí)有手提包當(dāng)時(shí)有可能已經(jīng)被偷走了可能已經(jīng)被偷走了, 因此選擇因此選擇might have stolen, 表示對(duì)過(guò)去表示對(duì)過(guò)去的情況不太肯定的推測(cè)。的情況不太肯定的推測(cè)。Honey, you _ alcohol for they have stopped drinking.A. may not have boughtB. mustnt have boughtC. cant have boughtD. neednt have boughtI left my handbag on the train, but luc

14、kily someone gave it to a railway official.How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone _it.A. will have stolen B. might have stolenC. should have stolen D. must have stolen“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”結(jié)構(gòu)是高結(jié)構(gòu)是高考考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的熱點(diǎn)之一。在設(shè)考考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的熱點(diǎn)之一。在設(shè)置題目時(shí)置題目時(shí),四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中至少會(huì)出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中至少會(huì)出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”結(jié)構(gòu)的選項(xiàng)結(jié)構(gòu)的選項(xiàng),以

15、考以考查考生對(duì)該結(jié)構(gòu)的掌握情況查考生對(duì)該結(jié)構(gòu)的掌握情況,目的相當(dāng)明確。目的相當(dāng)明確。對(duì)于此類題目對(duì)于此類題目,考生可以采取考生可以采取“排除法排除法”來(lái)解題。如難點(diǎn)自測(cè)第二題所說(shuō)的是來(lái)解題。如難點(diǎn)自測(cè)第二題所說(shuō)的是過(guò)去的情況過(guò)去的情況,因此考生可以先排除因此考生可以先排除A、C兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)兩個(gè)選項(xiàng),然后再?gòu)囊馑忌洗_定然后再?gòu)囊馑忌洗_定B項(xiàng)為正確答案。項(xiàng)為正確答案。18 備受命題人青睞的“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”C。句意句意:校長(zhǎng)下樓了校長(zhǎng)下樓了, 她可能已經(jīng)離開(kāi)她可能已經(jīng)離開(kāi)宿舍回家去了。宿舍回家去了。may have done表示對(duì)表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況不太肯定的推測(cè)過(guò)去情況不太肯定的推測(cè),一般用于肯定一般用于肯定句或否定句句或否定句,符合語(yǔ)境。符合語(yǔ)境。must have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去的肯定推測(cè)；表示對(duì)過(guò)去的肯定推測(cè)；should havedone表示過(guò)去該做某事而未做；表示過(guò)去該做某事而未做；cant have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的否定推測(cè)。表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的否定推測(cè)。C。句意句意:她現(xiàn)在失業(yè)了，我認(rèn)她現(xiàn)在失業(yè)了，我認(rèn)為她當(dāng)年要是留在外面，在一為她當(dāng)年要是留在外面，在一個(gè)大城市里工作那就好了。用個(gè)大城市里工作那就好了。用had better have done表示事表示事后的建議。后的建議。The he