非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞重難點(diǎn)概要

1、精銳教育學(xué)科教師輔導(dǎo)講義講義編號(hào)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做狀語(yǔ)的一些重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn):學(xué)員編號(hào)：mkt31545級(jí)：高二課時(shí)數(shù)：3學(xué)員姓名：李龍輔導(dǎo)科目：英語(yǔ)學(xué)科教師：帥力渝非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)，及第二單元詞匯練習(xí)授課日期及時(shí)段2010-3-23 6: 30-8 : 301、重新簡(jiǎn)講非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，促進(jìn)學(xué)生理解高中階段這個(gè)重要的語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)教學(xué)目的2、預(yù)習(xí)第二單元詞匯，重點(diǎn)句型3、預(yù)習(xí)第二單元的語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)教學(xué)內(nèi)容Step1:Dutyreport:Whatinterestingthingshaveyoucomeacrossthisweek?Whatmeaningfulthingshaveyoudoneduringthisweek

2、?Doyouknowwhatisthehottesttopicthesedays?What makes you happy and what makes you worried ?最要解決的問(wèn)題是：應(yīng)該用：doing還是havingdone?Done還是havingbeendone?Done還是beingdone?我們來(lái)看幾個(gè)例題：Havinglivedhereforalmosthalfofhislife,hethinksnowherebutherehecangetsettleddown.Havingmadealongspeech,thisspeakerdrunkawholecupofwate

3、r.Havingbeenwatchedbytheguardforalmostaday,henowfeltverytiredandfeltasleep.Beingcheckednow,thepassengerscantleavetheentrancenow.Beingrepairednow,thismuseumisnotaccessiblenow.Havingbeengivensomuchtime,theyhaventfinishedthistaskyet.以上五句話，我們翻譯一下試試，中文句子里有什么共同特點(diǎn)?再看幾個(gè)例子:Seenfromthetopoftheorientalpearlsta

4、tionthecityofShanghaiissomagnificent.Givenmoretime,theboycanbemadethefirst-classfootballplayerinthecountry.Theprofessorcameoutoftheclassroom,followedbyagroupofyoungpeopleWhatabeautifulsight!Wildflowersofdifferentcolorsspreadalloverthehillsandaroundthelake,addingtothebeautyofthevalley.這四句都的是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的什么形

5、式？從翻譯出來(lái)的中文看有什么特點(diǎn)？小結(jié)：從以上例句，我們可以初步得出什么結(jié)論:Step3:domoreexerciseaboutadverbialparticiplesalargegroup,yourtoneshouldbeclearandloud.A.WhenaddressedB.WhileaddressingC.whenyouaddressD.Onaddressing2. Wehadananxiouscoupleofweeksfortheresultsoftheexam.A.waitB.tobewaitingC.waitedD.waiting3. Afterhisretirement,th

6、eoldmanboughtasmallhouseinthecountry,toliveaquitelife.A.preferredB.topreferredC.topreferD.andpreferring4. Theaircompanyfrombadtoworse,theworkershardlyenoughtomakealiving.A.going,arepaidB.goes,arepaidC.went;havepaidD.togo;paidin1663,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUSA.A.HavingbeenfoundedB

7、.foundedC.befoundedD.founding.6. byhisheroicdeeds,manyyoungcollegestudentsaskedtogotothefront.A.EncouragingB.EncouragedC.ToencourageD.Havingencouraged7. Don'tsittherenothing.Comeandhelpmewiththistable.A.doB.todoC.doingD.havingdone8 thatitwasgoingtosnow,theclimbersdecidedtoputofftheirattemptonthe

8、highestpeak.A.beingtoldB.toldC.havingbeentoldD.havingtold9 aroundthemuseumnow,wecouldnotvisitourfriends.A.BeingshownB.ShowingC.ShownD.Havingbeenshown10.suchheavypollution,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.A.SufferingB.HavingsufferingC.HavingsufferedD.Suffered總結(jié)非謂語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ)的幾個(gè)注意點(diǎn)Step4:非謂語(yǔ)做補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn):首先我們應(yīng)該知道

9、哪些動(dòng)詞常帶賓補(bǔ)(主補(bǔ))看幾個(gè)例句吧：1. Iseethepolicemancatchthemanandbringhimtothepolicecar.2. Thechildrenarelisteningtotheteacherplayingthepianointhemusicroomnow.3. Pleasehaveyourbedroomcleaned4. Heoftenmakeshisbrotherdosomeeasywritingworkforhim.5. Youareallowedtousethecomputerafteryoufinishingdoingyourhomework.我們一

10、起來(lái)記憶以下幾點(diǎn)吧：1) “五看，三使，倆聽(tīng)，一感覺(jué)”最常見(jiàn)2) catch,smell接sbdoing3) find,leave,keep既接sbdone,又sbdoing4) want,allow,advise,forbid,permit,wish,等接sbtodo5) 還有itremainedtobedone這個(gè)句型另1J忘t己。詳解：五看分別為:see,lookat,observe,watch,notice;倆聽(tīng)為：listento,hear三使為：make,have,get一感覺(jué)為:feel*期中感官動(dòng)詞：see,lookat,observe,notice,watch,listent

11、o,hear,feel接賓補(bǔ)時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)為:V+o+do:此時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程V+o+doing此時(shí)是強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的片段V+o+done賓語(yǔ)是補(bǔ)語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的受動(dòng)者Isawtheboycrossthestreetandenterthesupermarket.(整個(gè)過(guò)程都看見(jiàn)了)Weoftenhearhimsingthesamefolksongwhileheisworkinginthefield.Thesestudentsareobservingtheinsecteatingthegrassinthelab.你能用這些感官動(dòng)詞造出含賓補(bǔ)得句子嗎？嘗試翻譯下列句子吧：1 .我感覺(jué)有人站在我的后面。2 .這些農(nóng)民

12、停下手中的農(nóng)活，看著那塊黑云臨近。3 .她看著他的兒子上了飛機(jī)，然后飛機(jī)起飛。（takeoff起飛）使役動(dòng)詞加賓補(bǔ)詳解：1. have+sb+do讓。自己做have+sb+done讓別人做have+sb+doing讓某人一直做2. get+sb+todo（意義同上，注意別丟了to）get+sb+done,get+sb+doing（意義同上）3. make+sb+domake+sb+done（注意沒(méi)有make+sb+doing）Dosomeexercisestofurtherunderstandthisgrammarpoint:4. Eventhoughwehavemademuchprogres

13、stomakeShanghaiagreencity,yetmuchbeforethe2010worldExpo.A.isremainedtodoB.remainstodoC.remainstobedoneD.isremainedtobedone5. Doyouconsideritanygoodthebloodtestagain?-Ithinkso.A.tobemadeB.tomakeC.madeD.making6. Whyareyoulooksopleased?-Oh,I'vejusthadawell-paidjob.A.offeredB.offeringC.toofferD.bein

14、goffered7. Theinternetgivespeoplethechancetohavetheinformationtheyneedtothemquicklyandcheaply.A.todeliverB.deliverC.deliveringD.delivered8. Hearingthenews,herushedout,thebookonthetableanddisappearedintothedistance.A.left,lainopenB.leaving,lyingopenC.leaving,lieopenD.left,layopen9. Inaword,weallshoul

15、dspendourvaluabletimeontherightthingswefind.A.tobeworthdoingB.worthbeingdoneC.themworthdoingD.worthdoingthemMr10. JennyhopesthatMr.SmithwillsuggestagoodwaytohaveherwrittenEnglishinashorttime.A.improvedB.improvingC。toimproveD.improve11. Heisverypopularamonghisstudentsashealwaystriestomaketheminhislec

16、tures.A.interestedB.interestingC.interestDtointerestStep5:非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)的重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)：時(shí)間性agTodo將來(lái)置于被修飾詞后Doing動(dòng)名詞沒(méi)有時(shí)間性，表土事物的用途置于被修飾詞前Doing現(xiàn)在分詞與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生，表示狀態(tài)可以在被修飾詞前或后Done過(guò)去分詞先于主句動(dòng)作，表示狀態(tài)同上讓我們一起來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)這部分的重點(diǎn):我們先易后難吧：Doing動(dòng)名詞做定語(yǔ)例子：Washingmachinesleepingbagwalkingstickdrinkingcup試試看：Washingmachine=themachinethatisusedforw

17、ashingSleepingbag=Walkingstick=總結(jié)：動(dòng)名詞做定語(yǔ)，多表事物的用途。Doing現(xiàn)在分詞做定語(yǔ)例子TheboysittingthereisanEnglishboy.Thenurseislookingafterthebabycryingformilk實(shí)踐一下吧：Thesegirlsarelisteningtotheoldwomanwhoistellingastorytothem.=Thesegirlsarelisteningtotheoldwomantellingthemastory.Theboywhoiscrossingthestreetisabsent-minde

18、d.=Thewomanwhowassittingunderthetreeknittingasweaterthen=總結(jié)：現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，常是由含進(jìn)行時(shí)的定語(yǔ)從句轉(zhuǎn)換而來(lái)的。若定語(yǔ)從句動(dòng)作先于或后于主句動(dòng)作，則不可以用現(xiàn)在分詞取代定語(yǔ)從句。如：.Thepolicemanpraisedthemanwhohadpickedthewalletandhandeditin.done過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)例子：ThepalacebuiltinMingDynastywasusedbytheQingemperors.Thebridgebuiltofstoneisnowatouristattractioninthisto

19、wn.總結(jié)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)總結(jié)：（不多于十個(gè)字）Todo做定語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)該解決的問(wèn)題是：1todo還是tobedone2.todo的形式只能用于表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作嗎3. todo+介詞的問(wèn)題Question1:todo還是tobedone請(qǐng)看例子吧：Ihavealotoffilestotype.Themanagerhasalotoffilestobetypedbythesecretary.Mumsaid:Tom,I'lldosomewashingthisSunday.Doyouhaveanyclothestobewashed1 can'tgooutwithyou,becauseIhave

20、alotofclothestowashthisafternoon.Thenewteacherislookingforsomeonetoworkatthewallnewspaper.總結(jié)：（1。2.Question2:todo只能用于表達(dá)將來(lái)時(shí)間嗎？還是看幾個(gè)例子吧：MadamCurieisthefirstwomantodiscovertheradiumelement.Heisalwaystheearliesttoarriveattheschool.總結(jié)：Question3:todo+介詞的問(wèn)題PleasegivemeapenciltowritewithFormanyyearsthisfamil

21、yhavehadonlyalittlecoldroomtolivein.I'mnewhere,IreallywanttofindapersontoturntowhenIamindifficulty.總結(jié)：下面是來(lái)自網(wǎng)絡(luò)的關(guān)于todo和doing做定語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)充資料：todo只能做后置定語(yǔ)，而doing做后置定語(yǔ)時(shí)要用ofdoing不同的名詞，對(duì)這兩種后置定語(yǔ)的選擇是有區(qū)別的，有的只能用todo,有的只可用ofdoing,（1）will,willingness,suggestion,conclusion,decision,permission,agreement,refusal,determ

22、ination,proposal,resolution等，一樣用不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。如：Maryhasthewilltowinthefirstprize.（不用ofwinning）瑪麗有獲得一等獎(jiǎng)的決心。Hehasdrawnaconclusiontogoabroadwithhisfamily.（不用ofwinning）他已作出了攜家去國(guó)外的決定。hope,risk,possibility,impossibility,probability,intention,prospect,responsiblility,aim等，一樣只能用ofdoing作后置定語(yǔ)。如：Infact,tereisnohope

23、oftheirwinningthegame.事實(shí)上,他們沒(méi)有希望博得這場(chǎng)競(jìng)賽。（不能說(shuō)forthemtowin）Hewillruntheriskoflosinghislifetosavethechild.他將冒生命危險(xiǎn)去救那個(gè)小孩。of doing 短way,chance,need,necessity,right,freedom,power,opportunity,ability等，既可用不定式短語(yǔ)，又可用語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。如：Theirchancetogo(ofging)abroadwaslost.他們失去了出國(guó)的機(jī)遇。Hehastherighttodo(ofdoing)that.他有權(quán)那樣做P

24、ractice:1. .Mr.Greenstoodupindefenceofthe16-year-oldboy,sayingthathewasnottheone.A.blamedB.tobeblamedC.blamingD.toblame2. Donttaketoolong,Mike.Theexaminationiscoming,youknow.-Iwont.Illcomebcktoschoolassoonaspossibleandmakeupthelessonsduringmyabsence.A.missedB.missingC.beingmissedD.tobemissed3. Theya

25、relookingfortheboyhereandthere.A.losingB.lostC.tobelostD.havinglost4. Agoodstorydoesnotnecessarilyhavetohaveahappyending,butthereadermustnotleft.A.unsatisfiedB.unsatisfyingC.tobeunsatisfyingD.beingunsatisfied非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞具出名詞性時(shí)：1. todo和doing具出名詞性?？墒莇one沒(méi)出名詞性。2. todo和doing具出名詞性，因此能夠做主，表，賓3. todo和doing做主，表，賓時(shí)

26、有哪些不同和聯(lián)系呢？4. 只能夠用動(dòng)名詞的結(jié)構(gòu)5. 只能夠用不定式的結(jié)構(gòu)。6. 特殊動(dòng)詞接todo或doing做賓語(yǔ)的問(wèn)題咱們一路來(lái)解決第三個(gè)問(wèn)題吧：仍是看例句：A組：1)Tohavepassedthedrivingtestatlastmakehimverypleased.2) takingcareofpatientsisanursesjob.3) TolookaftermychildiswhatImustdothisafternoon.4) IloveeatingvegetablesbecauseIthinkitisbothdeliciousandhealthybutnowIlovetoea

27、talittlemeatforachange.你能發(fā)覺(jué)用todo和doing有什么意義上的不同嗎？B組：Toseeistobelieve.=SeeingisbelievingTorespectothersistorespectyourself=Respectingothersisrespectingyourself.從B組句子，你能發(fā)覺(jué)什么？注意：(我上面舉的例子都是直接用todo和doing做主語(yǔ)的情形。其實(shí)當(dāng)todo或doing專門(mén)長(zhǎng)時(shí)，咱們用it做形式主語(yǔ)，而把doing或todo置于句尾。)Question4:只能用動(dòng)名詞的結(jié)構(gòu)：Itisno,any,some)use/awasteof

28、time(energy.Money)/worthdoingsthSpenttime/moneydoingsth,havedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth,succeedindoingsth,bebusydoingsthQuestion5:只能用todo作主語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)：Sbisreportedtodo/tohavedone/tobedoingItseemtodoItisimportant/possible/impossible/necessary/unnecessary/convenient(等評(píng)判事物形容t)forsbtodoItisnice/kind/wise/cleve