Lesson6Chapter5PartI數(shù)詞的翻譯

1、Chapter 5 Part ITranslationl1 You should also get used to saving your work as often as possible. PCs in general are not the most stable, and with video editing you have to be extra careful.l應(yīng)養(yǎng)成經(jīng)常保存文件的習(xí)慣。個人電腦一般不太應(yīng)養(yǎng)成經(jīng)常保存文件的習(xí)慣。個人電腦一般不太穩(wěn)定，所以進行視頻編輯時就須加倍小心。穩(wěn)定，所以進行視頻編輯時就須加倍小心。l2 China is rich in antimony,

2、tungsten, manganese, iron, etc. They are useful and necessary metals for heavy industry.l中國富有銻，鎢，錳，鐵等。這些都是重工業(yè)有中國富有銻，鎢，錳，鐵等。這些都是重工業(yè)有用而必須的金屬。用而必須的金屬。l3 It seems that these two branches of science are mutually dependent and interacting.l看來這兩個科學(xué)分支是互相依存，互相作用的。看來這兩個科學(xué)分支是互相依存，互相作用的。l4 Some atomic nuclei un

3、dergo spontaneous disintegration while others do not.l有些原子核會自發(fā)裂變，而另外一些則不會。有些原子核會自發(fā)裂變，而另外一些則不會。l5 所有所有的物質(zhì)都有不同的熱容量，而水的熱容量的物質(zhì)都有不同的熱容量，而水的熱容量在在所有物質(zhì)所有物質(zhì)中最中最大大。lAll substances have different heat capacities, but water has one of the greatest of all.Numerical Expressions in ESTl1 Fractionl1/2l1/3l1/4l3/4l3

4、/5 l1/10 l1/100la/ one halfla/ one thirdla/ one quarter (/fourth)lthree fourths/ three quarterslthree fifthsla/ one tenthla/ one hundredthl1/1000 l113/300 l1/2234 l1 1/2l64 38/483la/ one thousandthlone hundred and thirteen over three hundredlone over two thousand two hundred and thirty-fourlOne and

5、a halflSixty four and thirty-eight over four hundred eighty-three2 Decimall0.125l0.046 l3.14lzero /naught point one two fivel(naught) point naught four six / zero point zero four sixlthree point one four基本數(shù)目的常用前綴基本數(shù)目的常用前綴 uni-；mono- 一一 bi-；di-二二 twi-二二 amphi-二二tri-三三 unicycle, univalent, monatomic,

6、monoplane, monoxidebimetal, bisexual, biplane, diatomic, dioxide, dicotyledontwiblade, twiforkedtriangle, triatomic, trijetamphicar, amphibian quadri-四四tetra- 四四penta- 五五 quinque- 五五 sex- 六六 hexa- 六六 quadruped, quadrangle, quadrilateraltetrodepentagon, pentoxide, pentatomicquinquesection, quiquevale

7、ncesexangle, sexfoilhexode, hexagramhepta- 七七 octa- 八八 ennea- 九九 myria- 萬萬 heptahedron, heptachord octavalent enneahedronmyriagram, myrialitre 數(shù)量數(shù)據(jù)翻譯的基本規(guī)則數(shù)量數(shù)據(jù)翻譯的基本規(guī)則l1)英美等國家的出版社在排版時遵循一條英美等國家的出版社在排版時遵循一條原則，即原則，即1至至10用用單詞單詞表示，表示，10以上的數(shù)目以上的數(shù)目用用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字表示。表示。 lThat test bench measures three meters by

8、two. l那個那個測試臺測試臺長長3米，寬米，寬2米米。lThe test persisted 12 hours. l測試持續(xù)了測試持續(xù)了12個小時。個小時。 l2)人數(shù)人數(shù)用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字表示，但用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字表示，但不定數(shù)量、近似值不定數(shù)量、近似值用單詞表示。用單詞表示。lThere are 384 voters on the electoral rolls. l選舉名單選舉名單上有上有384人投票。人投票。lNearly one hundred procedures are stored in this computer. l計算機中儲存了計算機中儲存了近近100個個測試程序。測試程序。l表

9、示一個表示一個大約數(shù)大約數(shù)，可用：，可用：tens of , dozens of ,scores of ,hundreds of ,thousands of ,millions of 。l3)遇到遇到日期、百分比、帶單位的特殊數(shù)字日期、百分比、帶單位的特殊數(shù)字，通常，通常用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字。用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字。 l2nd May 1998 l1998年年5月月2日日lthe 1990s = the 1990s = the nineteen nineties l20世紀(jì)世紀(jì)90年代年代la discount of 10 percent l10%的折扣的折扣l2 gallon oil l2加侖油加侖油l4)在

10、科技文章中，數(shù)字在科技文章中，數(shù)字頻繁出現(xiàn)頻繁出現(xiàn)，多用，多用阿阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字拉伯?dāng)?shù)字表示。表示。lThe new engine has a capacity of 4.3 liters and an output power of 153 kilowatts at 4400 revolutions per minute. l這臺新發(fā)動機的容積為這臺新發(fā)動機的容積為4.3升升，轉(zhuǎn)速轉(zhuǎn)速為每分為每分鐘鐘4400，輸出功率為，輸出功率為153千瓦千瓦。 l5)句首和句末句首和句末要盡量避免用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字。要盡量避免用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字。lSixty percent projectiles（彈丸）（彈丸） are

11、 located in this area. l60%的的彈丸彈丸都落在這一區(qū)域。都落在這一區(qū)域。lThe test bench can locate the fault for ninety percent. l該該測試臺測試臺可定位出可定位出90%的的故障故障。 l6)遇到分?jǐn)?shù)，可用帶連字符的單詞表示。遇到分?jǐn)?shù)，可用帶連字符的單詞表示。lOxygen forms about one-fifth of the atmosphere. l氧約氧約占占大氣的五分之一。大氣的五分之一。la hundredth part lthree-fifths parts lthree parts per (或

12、或in a ) million la (或或one) part in 10000 la third part in 10000 l百分之一百分之一l五分之三五分之三l百萬分之三百萬分之三l萬分之一萬分之一l萬分之三萬分之三 還可用還可用 part來表示分?jǐn)?shù)來表示分?jǐn)?shù)數(shù)量數(shù)據(jù)的翻譯策略數(shù)量數(shù)據(jù)的翻譯策略lA)當(dāng)原文為阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字且數(shù)字不大時，保存原文當(dāng)原文為阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字且數(shù)字不大時，保存原文數(shù)字?jǐn)?shù)字lThe range of sounds audible by man is from 20 to 20,000 vibrations per second l人類所人類所能聽到的聲音的音域能聽到的聲音的

13、音域是是20-20,000赫茲赫茲。 lB)將原文的單詞轉(zhuǎn)換為中文數(shù)字或阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字將原文的單詞轉(zhuǎn)換為中文數(shù)字或阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字lAbout ten men in every hundred suffer from color blindness in some way.l每一百個人中，大約有十個人患有每一百個人中，大約有十個人患有不同程度不同程度的的色色盲盲。 l C）轉(zhuǎn)換計量單位）轉(zhuǎn)換計量單位l There may be as many as 100,000 different sorts of proteins in a mans body.l 人體內(nèi)不同種類的蛋白質(zhì)高達十萬人體內(nèi)不同種類的蛋白

14、質(zhì)高達十萬/10萬種萬種.l Our present atmosphere is about the same in composition as it was five hundred million years ago. l 目前，大氣的成分與目前，大氣的成分與五五/5億億年前大致相同。年前大致相同。l D)直譯直譯+夾注夾注l The nuclear power plant is located in a remote mountainous area, with a total area of 660 acres l 這座這座核電站核電站位于偏遠的山區(qū)，位于偏遠的山區(qū)，占地占地660英

15、畝英畝.I 數(shù)詞的譯法數(shù)詞的譯法l1 數(shù)字的譯法數(shù)字的譯法l直譯直譯 & 換算換算lLiquid bromine （溴）（溴）boils at 58C at which temperature it changes into a reddish-brown gas.l 液態(tài)溴液態(tài)溴在在58攝氏度時沸騰，在這個溫度它變成紅褐色的攝氏度時沸騰，在這個溫度它變成紅褐色的氣體。氣體。lMove to the next operation after the voltage reaches 150V.l等電壓到了等電壓到了150伏時，進行下一個伏時，進行下一個操作操作。lTests have s

16、hown that the energy saving can rise about 40 percent.l試驗證明，試驗證明，能量節(jié)約能量節(jié)約可增加可增加40%左右。左右。l2 不定數(shù)量不定數(shù)量的譯法的譯法 (近似數(shù)近似數(shù))l1）在）在number, lot, score, decade, dozen, ten, hundred, thousand, million后后+sla hundred and onel許多，無數(shù)許多，無數(shù)lhundreds and thousandsl數(shù)十萬，幾十萬數(shù)十萬，幾十萬lmillions ofl千千萬萬，數(shù)以百萬計千千萬萬，數(shù)以百萬計 （P87）ltee

17、ns oflten to onelthe early 1990slup to 2.5 vol.%ldown to 480kg/tlof the order of 4.5l十幾（十幾（13-19）l十之八九十之八九l20世紀(jì)世紀(jì)90年代初期年代初期l2.5 體積百分?jǐn)?shù)體積百分?jǐn)?shù)l 480公斤公斤/噸噸l大約大約4.5近似數(shù)近似數(shù)-approximation l2) 超過超過,多達多達: above, more than, over, up to, odd, exceed, upwards of, or more, higher than, in excess ofl3) 多達多達: asas,

18、full, solid, at least, all of, no less than, l4) 以下以下, 不足不足: below, less than, under, no more than, short of, off, within, as few asl5) 大約大約, 將近將近: about, around, close(ly) to, nearly, or so, some, toward (s), approximately表示程度表示程度l6) 從從到到/ 到到: fromto, betweenand (to)l7) 正好，整整正好，整整: flat, cool, shar

19、p, exactly, whole, justl8) 數(shù)目小數(shù)目小/數(shù)量少數(shù)量少:only, merely, barely, scarcely, but, at most, no more than, scantlA lot of counties have set up power stations, chemical fertilizer plants and a hundred and one other factories.l許多許多縣已建立了發(fā)電站、化肥廠以及縣已建立了發(fā)電站、化肥廠以及許多許多別的工別的工廠。廠。lProfessor Smith finished the exper

20、iment in twenty-four hours flat.l史密斯教師完成這一項實驗史密斯教師完成這一項實驗正好正好用了用了24小時的時小時的時間。間。lIt is nearly/ toward 4oclock.l將近將近4點鐘。點鐘。lPig iron is an alloy of iron and carbon with the carbon content more than two percent.l生鐵是鐵碳合金，其中碳含量生鐵是鐵碳合金，其中碳含量超過超過2%。lIt took three years less than one month for them to devel

21、op the new material.l他們花了三年他們花了三年差差一個月研制這種新材料。一個月研制這種新材料。lThe motor ran 450 solid days on end.l馬達連續(xù)運轉(zhuǎn)了馬達連續(xù)運轉(zhuǎn)了足足有有450天。天。lInspection time for the installation was no more than 2 hours.l檢驗檢驗安裝安裝工作僅用了兩個小時。工作僅用了兩個小時。lThe energy of the fuel wasted by the reciprocating steam engine is between 80 and (to)

22、85 percent.l往復(fù)式蒸汽機往復(fù)式蒸汽機浪費的浪費的燃料能量燃料能量為為80%至至85%。l3 倍數(shù)增減的譯法倍數(shù)增減的譯法l1)倍數(shù)增加倍數(shù)增加l(1) 增加到增加到N倍（包含基數(shù)）倍（包含基數(shù)）l增加了增加了N-1倍（不包含基數(shù)）倍（不包含基數(shù)）lincrease + by + N times lincrease + N times lincrease + to + N times lWith the result of automation, productivity has increased by 5 times in that factory.l由于由于自動化的結(jié)果自動化的

23、結(jié)果，那個工廠的生產(chǎn)率提高到，那個工廠的生產(chǎn)率提高到5倍。倍。lThe sales of industrial electronic products have increased to six times.l工業(yè)電子產(chǎn)品工業(yè)電子產(chǎn)品的的銷售額銷售額增加了增加了5倍。倍。lThe output of the machine tools has multiplied four times.l機床產(chǎn)量增加了機床產(chǎn)量增加了3倍。倍。l表示倍數(shù)增加，除了用表示倍數(shù)增加，除了用increase，還可用，還可用raise，rise，go up，amount to等。等。 l(2)倍數(shù)比較倍數(shù)比較l“A是是

24、 B的的 N倍倍” （凈增（凈增N-1倍）倍）l“A比比B大（大（N1）倍）倍”lA is N times + larger than BlA is N times + as +large + as BlA is larger than B by N timeslA is N times BlA is N times + n./ that of BlThis type of furnace uses 4 times more electricity than that type does.l這種這種爐爐的耗電量是那種爐耗電量的的耗電量是那種爐耗電量的4倍。倍。lThis rod is 4 ti

25、mes longer than that one.l這根桿比那根長這根桿比那根長3倍。倍。lThe oxygen atom is nearly 16 times as heavy as the hydrogen atom.l氧原子的原子量幾乎是氫原子量的氧原子的原子量幾乎是氫原子量的16倍。倍。lThe atomic weight of helium is four times heavier than that of hydrogen.l氦原子量比氫原子量重氦原子量比氫原子量重3倍。倍。lIn rolling bearing the starting friction is about tw

26、ice the running friction.l滾動軸承滾動軸承的的啟動摩擦啟動摩擦大概是大概是轉(zhuǎn)動摩擦轉(zhuǎn)動摩擦的的2倍。倍。lThe average energy consumed per head of population in the U.S is over 100 times that of the worlds poorest countries.l按人口計算，美國的按人口計算，美國的平均耗能量平均耗能量是是世界上最貧窮世界上最貧窮國家耗能量的國家耗能量的一百倍一百倍以上。以上。 l(3) increase + by a factor of nl“增加了增加了 (N-1)倍倍”

27、 或或 “增加到增加到N倍倍” lThe current has increased by a factor of three.l電流電流增加了增加了2倍。倍。l(4) be + N times + over/upon l“增加了增加了 (N-1)倍倍” 或或 “增加到增加到N倍倍”。lThis year the value of our industrial output is five times over that of 1952.l今年，我國的今年，我國的工業(yè)產(chǎn)值工業(yè)產(chǎn)值比比1952年增加了四倍。年增加了四倍。l(5) as many/large/heavy/muchagain asl

28、“是是兩倍兩倍” 或或“比比大大/多多/重一倍重一倍”。lThe driving gear turns as fast again as the driven gear.l主動齒輪主動齒輪的轉(zhuǎn)速為從動齒輪的的轉(zhuǎn)速為從動齒輪的兩倍兩倍。l(6) double/twicel“是是兩倍兩倍”或或“比比大大/多多/重一倍重一倍”。lEvery 10 months the number of people with AIDS doubles in U.S.l在美國，患艾滋病的人數(shù)每十個月就在美國，患艾滋病的人數(shù)每十個月就增加一倍增加一倍。l(7) triple/treblel“三倍于三倍于”或或“(比原

29、來比原來)增加兩倍增加兩倍”。例如：。例如：lBetween 1950 and 1973 the number of telephones in the USA more than tripled , with an addition of 90 million telephones.l1950年至年至1973年間年間, 美國的電話機增加了九千萬美國的電話機增加了九千萬只只, 總數(shù)比原來增加了兩倍以上?？倲?shù)比原來增加了兩倍以上。lquadruple 四倍，四倍， quintuple 五倍，五倍， sextuple 六倍，六倍， septuple 七倍，七倍，octuple 八倍八倍l2) 倍數(shù)

30、減少倍數(shù)減少l“減少了幾分之幾減少了幾分之幾”或或 “減少到原來的幾分之減少到原來的幾分之幾幾”。 ldecrease + by + N times （N=3）ldecrease + N timesldecrease + by + a factor of + N lN times adj.比較級比較級+ thanlV. reduce. shorten, weaken, go down , falllThe leads of the new condenser are shortened by six times.l新型電容器的新型電容器的引線引線縮短了縮短了5/6。lThe operation

31、 of cost decreased by five times.l成本運行成本運行降至降至1/5。lThe loss of electricity was reduced by a factor of four.l電損電損減少了減少了3/4。lThe pipe is four times lighter than that one.l這根管子重量是那根的這根管子重量是那根的1/4。l4 百分?jǐn)?shù)的譯法百分?jǐn)?shù)的譯法l1) 表示增減意義的表示增減意義的v. + by + n% : 照譯照譯l2)表示減少意義的表示減少意義的v. + to + n%: 減少到減少到l3) n%+比較級比較級+than

32、 : 照譯照譯l4) n%+比較級比較級+n.:照譯照譯l5) a (n) n%+ increase : 照譯照譯l6) n%+ of + n./pron.:是是 n% lWeld strength can be increased by 45 percent.l焊接強度焊接強度可增加可增加45%。lTests have shown that the energy consuming can be reduced by 30 percent.l試驗證明，試驗證明，能量消耗能量消耗可減低可減低30%。lThe loss of energy has been reduced to less tha

33、n 10 percent.l能量損耗能量損耗可減至可減至不足不足10%。lIts grain output was 18 percent higher than that in 1998.l其其糧食產(chǎn)量糧食產(chǎn)量比比1998年高出年高出18%。lThe steel output is 30 percent higher than that of last year.l鋼產(chǎn)鋼產(chǎn)比去年增加了比去年增加了30%。 l 5 特殊數(shù)量詞詞組的譯法特殊數(shù)量詞詞組的譯法l a long hour l a long hundred l a long dozen l Ten to one, the experim

34、ent is unlikely to produce good results.l 十有八九，這項試驗不可能得出好的結(jié)果。十有八九，這項試驗不可能得出好的結(jié)果。l These figures show that the improvement of molecular refraction （分子折射度）（分子折射度）is within a factor of ten.l 這些數(shù)字表明這些數(shù)字表明分子折射度分子折射度的改進值為一個數(shù)量級。的改進值為一個數(shù)量級。 總復(fù)習(xí)總復(fù)習(xí)lUsually, a 2cm adjustment of the machine is enough to bring

35、the pressure back to normal.l 通常，把機器調(diào)整通常，把機器調(diào)整2厘米就足以使壓力厘米就足以使壓力恢復(fù)正?；謴?fù)正常。 lLess than a quarter of the energy of a human engine is converted into mechanical energy.l人體人體發(fā)出的不到發(fā)出的不到1/4的能量轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闄C械能。的能量轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闄C械能。lHydrogen is the lightest gas, its density being 0.0894 g/l.l氫是最輕的氣體，其密度為氫是最輕的氣體，其密度為0.0894克克/升。升。 Translation l1 Regardless of how large or small the circle is, its perimeter is