新概念1冊(cè)119課-過(guò)去完成時(shí)

1、A true storyLesson 119Key wordsexpressionsvstory n. 故事故事vhappen v. 發(fā)生發(fā)生vthief n. 賊賊 venter v. 進(jìn)入進(jìn)入vdark adj. 黑暗的黑暗的vtorch n. 手電筒手電筒vvoice n. (說(shuō)話(huà)的說(shuō)話(huà)的)聲音聲音vparrot n. 鸚鵡鸚鵡vexercise book n. 練習(xí)本練習(xí)本Key wordsexpressionsv1. story n.v故事故事 a ghost story tell storiesv謊話(huà)謊話(huà) Dont tell stories!vto make a long stor

2、y short長(zhǎng)話(huà)短說(shuō)長(zhǎng)話(huà)短說(shuō)Key wordsexpressionsv2. happen v1） v. 發(fā)生發(fā)生 vWhat happened?vA strange thing happened to a friend of mine a year ago. 一年之前，一件希奇的事發(fā)生在我的一年之前，一件希奇的事發(fā)生在我的一位朋友身上。一位朋友身上。v2） v. 碰巧，恰好（碰巧，恰好（to）vI happened to meet her on my way home. 在回家的路上，我碰巧遇見(jiàn)了她。在回家的路上，我碰巧遇見(jiàn)了她。vI happen to know that professo

3、r. 我正好熟悉那位教授。我正好熟悉那位教授。Key wordsexpressionsv3. thief n.賊賊 復(fù)數(shù)：復(fù)數(shù)：thievesvA World without ThievesKey wordsexpressionsv5. enter v.v進(jìn)入進(jìn)入,穿入穿入 enter the roomv他們進(jìn)入了房子后，就去了餐廳。他們進(jìn)入了房子后，就去了餐廳。 After they had entered the house, they went into the dining room.v參加，加入?yún)⒓?，加?enter the PartyvFour students from our

4、university entered the final contest. 我們大學(xué)的我們大學(xué)的4名學(xué)生進(jìn)入了競(jìng)賽的決賽。名學(xué)生進(jìn)入了競(jìng)賽的決賽。v輸入輸入 enter into the computerenter for 報(bào)名參加報(bào)名參加Our team has entered for the competition. 我們隊(duì)已報(bào)名參加比賽我們隊(duì)已報(bào)名參加比賽. （入黨入黨）Key wordsexpressionsv5. darkvadj. 黑暗的黑暗的 too darkv 深色的深色的 dark bluev 陰暗的陰暗的 dark future- bright futurevn. 黃昏，黑

5、夜黃昏，黑夜 at dark in the dark天黑時(shí)天黑時(shí)在暗處在暗處lightKey wordsexpressionsv6. torch n.v手電筒手電筒 turn on/ off the torchv火炬火炬 light the torchKey wordsexpressionsv7. voice n.v聲音聲音 in an angry voicev意見(jiàn)意見(jiàn) speak out my voicevlose ones voice 失音失音 raise ones voice嗓子變啞嗓子變啞提高嗓門(mén)提高嗓門(mén)dropKey wordsexpressionsv8. parrot n. 鸚鵡鸚

6、鵡Language pointsv1、Do you like stories? 這里這里stories泛指故事這一類(lèi)東西。泛指故事這一類(lèi)東西。v2、I want to tell you a true story. want to do sth. 想要做某事。想要做某事。 tell a story 講故事。講故事。 true 真實(shí)可信的真實(shí)可信的 &真正存在的真正存在的 real T (True)or F(false)Language pointsv3、It happened to a friend of mine a year ago. happen to sb./sth. 發(fā)生在某人

7、身上發(fā)生在某人身上/某物上（通常某物上（通常是不好的事）是不好的事） What happened to your car?v雙重所有格雙重所有格：a friend of mine = my friend； a friend of my fathers = my fathers friend a friend of mine相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于one of my friends,但前者但前者比后者顯得更為親切。比后者顯得更為親切。Language pointsv4、While my friend, George, was reading in bed, two thieves climbed into

8、his kitchen. George, 同位語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ)，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明my friend。 climb into 爬進(jìn)。爬進(jìn)。v5、After they had entered the house, they went into the dining room. =They had entered the house before they went into the dining room. 強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作的前后順序時(shí)，較早的動(dòng)作要用強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作的前后順序時(shí)，較早的動(dòng)作要用過(guò)去完過(guò)去完成時(shí)成時(shí)。 及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞 enter = 不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞 go intoLanguage poi

9、ntsv5、After they had entered the house, they went into the dining room.vAfter they had entered the house是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，句，had entered是過(guò)去完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)。在以是過(guò)去完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)。在以after引引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去完成時(shí)導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去完成時(shí)沒(méi)有多少區(qū)別。假如強(qiáng)調(diào)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作在主句的沒(méi)有多少區(qū)別。假如強(qiáng)調(diào)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作在主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前完成，就用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前完成，就用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 Language pointsv6

10、、It was very dark, so they turned on a torch. = They turned on a torch because it was very dark. 連詞連詞so，所以、因此，表示結(jié)果。，所以、因此，表示結(jié)果。 turn on,打開(kāi)，擰開(kāi)（電視、水源、煤氣等）。其反打開(kāi)，擰開(kāi)（電視、水源、煤氣等）。其反義詞為義詞為turn off(關(guān)上關(guān)上)。7、Suddenly, they heard a voice behind them. hear 強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。注意不規(guī)則變化強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。注意不規(guī)則變化hear-heard- heard。 voice 說(shuō)話(huà)的聲音說(shuō)話(huà)

11、的聲音 & sound 聲響聲響 & noise 噪音噪音 & music 音樂(lè)音樂(lè)Language pointsv8、Whats up? 【口語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)】 = Whats wrong? = Whats the matter? 【寒暄寒暄】Whats up, man? 詢(xún)問(wèn)對(duì)方最近過(guò)得如何。詢(xún)問(wèn)對(duì)方最近過(guò)得如何。v9、Someone called. 【回顧回顧Lesson 115】復(fù)合不定代詞復(fù)合不定代詞。v10、The thieves dropped the torch and ran away as quickly as they could. drop 扔掉；扔掉；r

12、un away 逃跑；逃跑； as.as sb. can/could/possible 盡可能盡可能地地(第一個(gè)第一個(gè)as是副詞，是副詞，修飾修飾quickly,第二個(gè)第二個(gè)as是連詞，引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句。是連詞，引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句。) 例句：例句：Run as fast as you can（后省略（后省略run）! Please write to me as soon as possible.Language pointsv14、But Georges parrot, Henry, was still there. 名詞所有格名詞所有格s；同位語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ)；still 仍然。仍然。v15、Noth

13、ing, Henry, George said and smiled. Go back to sleep. go back to do sth. 回去繼續(xù)做某事。回去繼續(xù)做某事。 例如：例如：go back to work go back to some place 回到某地?；氐侥车?。 例如：例如：go back to ones hometownLanguage pointsv11、George heard the noise and came downstairs quickly. 下樓，樓下下樓，樓下 downstairs upstairs 上樓，樓上上樓，樓上v12、He turned

14、 on the light, but he couldnt see anyone. turn on 打開(kāi)打開(kāi) 關(guān)上關(guān)上 turn off； 復(fù)合不定代詞復(fù)合不定代詞 anyone 任何人任何人v13、The thieves had already gone. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)。過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 had gone = had left = had run away（上文）（上文）Past Perfect TensePast Perfect Tense過(guò)去完成時(shí)一、一、過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)二、二、過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的比較與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的比較三、三、過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的比較與一般過(guò)去

15、時(shí)的比較Grammar in use一、過(guò)去完成時(shí)一、過(guò)去完成時(shí)1.意義：表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作在過(guò)去某一個(gè)動(dòng)作或意義：表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作在過(guò)去某一個(gè)動(dòng)作或過(guò)去某一時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成。過(guò)去某一時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成。（即（即動(dòng)作發(fā)生在動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去的過(guò)去過(guò)去的過(guò)去）2.形式形式 1）肯定式：）肯定式： 2）否定式：）否定式： 3）疑問(wèn)式）疑問(wèn)式：主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+had+ 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+had not +動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞詞Had +主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞1. cleaned the blackboard2. closed the window nowhad cle

16、aned the blackboardclosed the windowShe had cleaned the blackboard before she closed the window.After she had cleaned the blackboard , she closed the window.drank waterhad run out of breath1. ran out of breath2. drank waterHe had run out of breath before he drank water.After he had run out of breath

17、, he drank water. now1. ate an apple2. slept nowhad eaten an applesleptShe had eaten an apple before she slept.After she had eaten an apple , she slept. 2. played ping pong1. did his homework now played ping ponghad done his homeworkHe had done his homework before he played ping pong.After he had do

18、ne his homework , he played Ping pong.1.We had not finished it when he came back.2.Had you finished the work when he came back?。1. We had finished it when he came back.他回來(lái)時(shí)我們完成了。他回來(lái)時(shí)我們完成了。2. We had not finished it when he came back.他回來(lái)時(shí)我們還沒(méi)有完成他回來(lái)時(shí)我們還沒(méi)有完成3.Had you finished the work when he came back?

19、他回來(lái)時(shí)你們工作完成了嗎？他回來(lái)時(shí)你們工作完成了嗎？動(dòng)詞原形變?yōu)檫^(guò)去時(shí)/過(guò)去分詞：構(gòu)成規(guī)則構(gòu)成規(guī)則動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加-ed lookplayworklookedplayedworked結(jié)尾是結(jié)尾是e的動(dòng)詞在末尾的動(dòng)詞在末尾加加-dlikelivelikedlived末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，先雙寫(xiě)的重讀閉音節(jié)，先雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母，再加這個(gè)輔音字母，再加-edplanstopdropplannedstoppeddropped結(jié)尾是結(jié)尾是“輔音字母輔音字母y”的動(dòng)詞，先變的動(dòng)詞，先變“y”為為“

20、i”再加再加-edstudyworrycrystudiedworriedcried二、過(guò)去完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的比較二、過(guò)去完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的比較 過(guò)去完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間出過(guò)去完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間出發(fā)點(diǎn)不同。過(guò)去完成時(shí)以過(guò)去某個(gè)發(fā)點(diǎn)不同。過(guò)去完成時(shí)以過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間為基點(diǎn)，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)以現(xiàn)在時(shí)間為基點(diǎn)，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)以現(xiàn)在作為時(shí)間的基點(diǎn)。因此，過(guò)去完成作為時(shí)間的基點(diǎn)。因此，過(guò)去完成時(shí)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的過(guò)去時(shí)。時(shí)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的過(guò)去時(shí)。Tom is not hungry. He has just had breakfast.Tom was not hungry, He had just had b

21、reakfast.例句比較：例句比較：(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))(過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí))三、過(guò)去完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的比較三、過(guò)去完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的比較 一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示在一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示在過(guò)去過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)；而過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示在狀態(tài)；而過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示在過(guò)過(guò)去某一時(shí)間之前去某一時(shí)間之前完成的動(dòng)作。完成的動(dòng)作。1.We got to the station at 8:00, but the train had left.我們八點(diǎn)到達(dá)車(chē)站，但火車(chē)已開(kāi)走我們八點(diǎn)到達(dá)車(chē)站，但火車(chē)已開(kāi)走了。了。2. We got to the station at 8:00, bu

22、t the train left at 7:30.我們八點(diǎn)到達(dá)車(chē)站，但火車(chē)七點(diǎn)半我們八點(diǎn)到達(dá)車(chē)站，但火車(chē)七點(diǎn)半就開(kāi)走了。就開(kāi)走了。3. When I arrived home, My parents had had dinner.我到家時(shí)，我父母已吃過(guò)飯了。我到家時(shí)，我父母已吃過(guò)飯了。4. When I arrived home, we had dinner together.我一到家，我們就一起吃飯。我一到家，我們就一起吃飯。v過(guò)去完成時(shí)：過(guò)去完成時(shí)： v構(gòu)成：構(gòu)成： 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+had +動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞v過(guò)去完成時(shí)主要用于表示過(guò)去完成時(shí)主要用于表示兩個(gè)事件中一個(gè)發(fā)生在前兩個(gè)事件中一個(gè)發(fā)生在前，或者說(shuō)是表示或者說(shuō)是表示較早的過(guò)去較早的過(guò)去。when、after 、before等也常與過(guò)去完成時(shí)連用，以強(qiáng)調(diào)事件發(fā)生的等也常與過(guò)去完成時(shí)連用，以強(qiáng)調(diào)事件發(fā)生的先后次先后次序序。valready(已經(jīng)已經(jīng)),ever（曾經(jīng)）（曾經(jīng)）, for+表示時(shí)間段的詞，表示時(shí)間段的詞，jus