現(xiàn)在完成時ppt精品課件

1、present(now)futurepast Present Perfect Tense 現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時主語主語 + have/ has + 過去分詞（過去分詞（pp） 現(xiàn)在完成時的結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在完成時的結(jié)構(gòu)Winter has already come，will it still be far in spring ?主語主語 + have/ has + 過去分詞（過去分詞（pp）否定形式否定形式 havent ( have not ） +過去分詞過去分詞 hasnt ( has not ) +過去分詞過去分詞疑問句疑問句 把助動詞把助動詞 have / has 放在句首放在句首 現(xiàn)在完成時的

2、結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在完成時的結(jié)構(gòu)注：主語若是第三人稱單數(shù)助動詞用注：主語若是第三人稱單數(shù)助動詞用 hasYou have planted all the trees.I have planted all the trees.He/she has planted all the trees.They have planted all the trees. 區(qū)別區(qū)別have 和和 has的用法的用法 主語若是第三人稱單數(shù)助動詞用主語若是第三人稱單數(shù)助動詞用 has1、規(guī)則變化（過去分詞與過去時變化規(guī)則一樣）、規(guī)則變化（過去分詞與過去時變化規(guī)則一樣）(1)、一般動詞，在詞尾直接加、一般動詞，在詞尾直接加“ ed

3、 ”。 work-worked-worked visit-visited-visited (2)、以、以“ e ”結(jié)尾的動詞，只在詞尾加結(jié)尾的動詞，只在詞尾加“ d ”。 live-lived 過去分詞過去分詞(3)、以、以“輔音字母輔音字母 + y ”結(jié)尾的動詞，將結(jié)尾的動詞，將 “y” 變?yōu)樽優(yōu)?“i”， 再加再加“ ed ”。 ， study-studied-studied cry-cried-cried(4)、重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母，、重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母， 先雙寫該輔音字母，再加先雙寫該輔音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop-stopped-stoppe

4、d drop-dropped-dropped 2、不規(guī)則變化、不規(guī)則變化havehadhad am/is wasbeenarewerebeen dodiddone gowentgone seesawseen 現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果. .現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時, ,強(qiáng)調(diào)是強(qiáng)調(diào)是過去動過去動作與現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系作與現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系, ,也就是強(qiáng)也就是強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在的影響和結(jié)果調(diào)現(xiàn)在的影響和結(jié)果. .have/has + 過去分詞過去分詞v1.兩個句子都表示過去發(fā)生的事；兩個句子都表示過去發(fā)生的事；v2.現(xiàn)在完成時強(qiáng)調(diào)過去和現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系

5、，不能和具現(xiàn)在完成時強(qiáng)調(diào)過去和現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系，不能和具體的時間狀語連用；體的時間狀語連用；v3.一般過去時強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的事或狀態(tài)一般過去時強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的事或狀態(tài),沒有說明沒有說明與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系，它與表示過去的具體時間連用。與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系，它與表示過去的具體時間連用。（last, ago, yesterday, etc. ）presentpast 現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時: : 強(qiáng)調(diào)這一動作產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果對現(xiàn)強(qiáng)調(diào)這一動作產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果對現(xiàn)在的影響或結(jié)果，在的影響或結(jié)果，與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)。 一般過去時一般過去時: : 僅表示在過去某一時刻曾發(fā)生僅表示在過去某一時刻曾發(fā)生過這一動作，過這一動作，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)

6、。 他已學(xué)英語五年了。他已學(xué)英語五年了。 He has studied English for five years. 他曾學(xué)過五年英語。他曾學(xué)過五年英語。 He studied English for five years. （說明他還會繼續(xù)學(xué)下去）（說明他還會繼續(xù)學(xué)下去） （只說明他過去學(xué)過五年英語，但現(xiàn)在不學(xué)了。）（只說明他過去學(xué)過五年英語，但現(xiàn)在不學(xué)了。） vIve lived here for ten years. 我在這里住了我在這里住了10年。年。(現(xiàn)在仍住這兒現(xiàn)在仍住這兒)vI lived here for ten years. 我在這里住過我在這里住過10年。年。(現(xiàn)在不住這

7、兒了現(xiàn)在不住這兒了)vHe has bought a house. 他買了一棟房子。他買了一棟房子。(現(xiàn)在已擁有這房子現(xiàn)在已擁有這房子)vHe bought a house ten years ago. 他他10年年前買了一棟房子。前買了一棟房子。(現(xiàn)在是否仍擁有這房子不現(xiàn)在是否仍擁有這房子不清楚清楚)一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時有一些明一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時有一些明顯的時間狀語。顯的時間狀語。 遇到遇到y(tǒng)esterday, Last year, in May, in+過過去某一年，去某一年，two days ago, the other day, just now等就用一般過去時等就用一般過去時

8、(表過去的時表過去的時間間)當(dāng)有當(dāng)有 so far, in/during/over the past/ last few days(在過去在過去/最近的幾年里最近的幾年里)，since接過去時間狀語或過去時的句子接過去時間狀語或過去時的句子等常用等常用現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時 (不能與確定的時間不能與確定的時間)Put the following sentences into English.1. A: 火車已經(jīng)開走了火車已經(jīng)開走了. B: 什么時候開走的什么時候開走的? A: 半個小時之前開走的半個小時之前開走的.2. A: 這本書我已經(jīng)買了兩年了這本書我已經(jīng)買了兩年了. B: 你在哪兒買的你在

9、哪兒買的? A: 在我老家買的在我老家買的.3. A: 你看過這部電影嗎你看過這部電影嗎? B: 看過看過. A: 什么時候看的什么時候看的. B: 上周星期天看的上周星期天看的.A: The train has left.B: When did it leave.A: It left half an hour ago.A: have you seen the film?B: Yes, I have.A: When did you see it?B: I saw it last Sunday.A: Ive had the book for two years.B: Where did you

10、buy it?A: I bought it in my hometown.現(xiàn)在完成時不能與表示過去的時間狀語連現(xiàn)在完成時不能與表示過去的時間狀語連用，常與之連用的時間狀語有：用，常與之連用的時間狀語有： before, by now (so far), once, twice, just, recently yet(否否/疑疑), already(肯肯), ever, never, all ones life , in /during/over the past /last 5 years, （1）already肯定句肯定句: “己經(jīng)己經(jīng)”一般疑問句一般疑問句: 句末句末(表示驚訝的語氣表示驚

11、訝的語氣) “難道難道” Have you had breakfast already？(表示強(qiáng)調(diào))Ive already had breakfast. (常見) = Ive had breakfast already. 注: 有already的句子在時態(tài)上并不都是現(xiàn)在完成時,判斷時要看該詞后是否有動詞的過去分詞.Eg. Shes already eighty years old. It was already very late.(2) yet否定句否定句:句末句末 “還還(沒沒)”疑問句疑問句: 句末句末 “己經(jīng)己經(jīng)” Have you had breakfast yet?I havent

12、 had breakfast yet.注意：注意：當(dāng)在肯定句中含當(dāng)在肯定句中含alreadyalready或或justjust，變否定時，在句末加，變否定時，在句末加yetyet。 I havent seen the film yet. Mother has just cleaned the house.Mother hasnt cleaned the house yet. I have already seen the film. (3) ever肯定句肯定句/疑問句疑問句 : 句中句中 “曾經(jīng)曾經(jīng)” Ive ever been to Beijing. Have you ever been

13、to Beijing? (4) never否定句否定句: 句中句中 “從來沒有從來沒有” Ive never been to Beijing.注注: 帶帶ever的肯定句變否定句時的肯定句變否定句時, 將將ever變變neverHe has ever made meal.Have they ever travelled by train?No, never.He has never made meal.帶ever的一般疑問句作否定回答時可用“No, never.”(5) just用于用于句中句中, 表示表示“剛剛剛剛”Ive just had breakfast. What have they

14、 just done?(6) before用于用于句末句末, 表示表示“以前以前”Ive seen it before. Has she ridden a bike before ?v1. I _(have) lunch alreadyv2. Has the train_ (arrive), yet?v3.Tome _ never_ (be to ) China.v4. The twin _just _(see) my father.v5. The twins _(see) my father just now.v6. Many tall buildings _(build) in the p

15、ast 5 years.have hadarrivedhasbeen tohasseensawhave been builtv用法二用法二： E.g. Kate has lived here for 3 years. Kate has lived here since 3 years ago. Kate has lived here since she came to China.表示過去所發(fā)生的動作或存在表示過去所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并可的狀態(tài)，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并可能還將持續(xù)下去。能還將持續(xù)下去。動詞使用延動詞使用延續(xù)性動詞續(xù)性動詞。常與常與forfor或或sincesinc

16、e引引導(dǎo)的時間連用導(dǎo)的時間連用since: (自自以來以來)1)since+時間點(diǎn)時間點(diǎn)He has stayed here since 5 oclock.2)since+ 時間段時間段+ agoHe has stayed here since 5 hours ago.3)since+ 從句（句中的謂語動詞為從句（句中的謂語動詞為過去式過去式）She has taught English since he came here. for: (長達(dá)）長達(dá)）for+ 時間段時間段He has kept the book for 2 weeks.since , for 的用法的用法: Take not

17、es 注意注意: 對對for或或since引導(dǎo)的時間引導(dǎo)的時間狀語提問狀語提問 必須用必須用_ 1. I have lived here for 10 years. How long have you lived here?2. She has stood here since 2 hours ago. How long has she stood here? how long 選用選用forfor和和sincesince填空填空: :1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.1.We havent seen each other _ a long t

18、ime.2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years 2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years ago.ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to 4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.China.5.His grandpa has been dead _ se

19、veral years.5.His grandpa has been dead _ several years.forforsincesinceforforsincesinceforfor6. Mr. Brown has had his TV _ 15 years. 7. Ive taken driving lessons _last month. 8. My sister has had her cell phone _a month . 9. My friends havent visited me _my birthday. 10. We havent used our car _ a

20、long time . 11. She hasnt had a good cup of coffee _years. 12. Tom has worn glasses _he was 7 years old. for since forsinceforforsince注意注意: 瞬間動詞瞬間動詞不能不能和和時間段時間段連用連用. 瞬間動詞瞬間動詞joinbegin/startborrowfinish/endarrive/comeleavediebuyShe has bought the computer for two years.hadbuyhave/has hadHow long have

21、 you come to the United States？ been income tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadAnn has gone to China since three months ago.been income tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been inI have got to Paris for one week .been income tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/h

22、as been inMy brother has joined the army for five years. been inbeen a soldier come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier I have left Shanghai for 3 days. been away for 3 days. come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo

23、 tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier leave have/has been away I have borrowed the dictionary since 3 days ago . kept come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier leave ha

24、ve/has been away borrow have/has kept The film has begun for 10 minutes. been on come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier leave have/has been away borrow have/has kept begin have/has been on The concert has finished

25、 for half an hour. been over come tohave/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier leave have/has been away borrow have/has kept begin have/has been on finish have/has been over His dog has died for two years . been dead come to

26、have/has been inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier leave have/has been away borrow have/has kept begin have/has been on finish have/has been over die have/has been dead She has married for six years . been married come tohave/has be

27、en inbuyhave/has hadgo tohave/has been ingot tohave/has been injoin have/has been inhave/has been a soldier leave have/has been away borrow have/has kept begin have/has been on finish have/has been over die have/has been dead marry have/has been married varrive/come/go to die vbecome a borrowvLeave/

28、 move vbuy openvjoin vstart/begin finish/ endvcatch a cold get up vget to know get out vclose wake upvgo to sleepvbecome interested in be in be deadhavekeepbe away / be out be abe in/a member ofbe openbe onbe overhave a coldbe upknowbe outbe closedbe awakebe asleep/ sleepbe interested invHis father

29、has died. (for 2 years)vThe football match has begun.(since9:00a.m)vThe twins have joined the army. (since they are 18years old)vMy teacher has just left Nanjing. (for 3 days)His father has been dead for 2 years.The football match has been on since 9:00 a.m.The twins have been soldiers/ been in the

30、army since they are 18years old. My teacher has been away from Nanjing for 3 days注：非延續(xù)性動詞可以于現(xiàn)在完成時,表示動作已經(jīng)完成，它不能跟段時間。 但它的否定式可以跟段時間狀語連用. vTom has left Beijing. vTom hasnt left Beijing since he came to this city in 2004. vHe has borrowed a pen from me.v He hasnt borrowed a pen from me since we argued.eg

31、. 他死了兩年了：他死了兩年了：He died two years ago.He has been dead for two years /since two years ago It is/ has been two years since he died.Two years has passed since he died. v 這本書我借了一個月了。I borrowed this book a month ago.It is/ has been a month since I borrowed the book.I have kept the book for a month. /sin

32、ce a month ago.A month has passed since I borrowed the book.用法三：用法三：have been to 曾經(jīng)去過某地（已返回）曾經(jīng)去過某地（已返回）have gone to 去了某地去了某地 （還沒有回來）（還沒有回來）A B A B巧記：巧記：been to ，gone to 意不同，兩者用法要記清；意不同，兩者用法要記清； have been to + 地名，曾經(jīng)到過某地行；地名，曾經(jīng)到過某地行； have gone to + 地點(diǎn)，到某地去了已走遠(yuǎn)。地點(diǎn)，到某地去了已走遠(yuǎn)。 have been in + 地點(diǎn)，在某地呆多久。地點(diǎn)，

33、在某地呆多久。1.I have gone to Japan before. ( )2.Guilin is very beautiful, I have been to there twice. ( )3.His father has gone to Beijing .He will be back next week( )4.Where have you gone?( )True or false?FFFTbeenbeen去掉去掉 havehas beenHave 用用have/has been to, have/has gone to填空填空：1.Where is your brother?

34、 He _ the shop. Hell be back soon.2. _ you ever _ to America? Yes, I _ New York twice.3. Here you are at last! Where _ you _? I _ London.4. David _Australia. Im sure hes already arrived.5. Is Benny here? No, he _ the school library. He left five minutes ago.has gone toHave been tohave been tohave be

35、enhave been tohas gone tohas gone tovTom 在哪兒？ 他去書店買書了。v我在北京待了5年了。vJack 去過上海兩次了-Where is Tom?-He has gone to the bookshop to buy some books.I have been in Beijing for 5 years.Jack has been to Shanghai twice.v1.1.WhenWhen （特殊疑問詞（特殊疑問詞“什么時候什么時候”）不用不用于現(xiàn)在完成時于現(xiàn)在完成時。因為它是對動作所發(fā)生的時。因為它是對動作所發(fā)生的時間提問的，而現(xiàn)在完成時的動作卻

36、是間提問的，而現(xiàn)在完成時的動作卻是過去所過去所發(fā)生的發(fā)生的。ve.g - Where is Tom?e.g - Where is Tom?v - He has gone to the zoo? - He has gone to the zoo?v - - WhenWhen did he go? did he go?v - He - He wentwent there this morning. there this morning.2. 被形容詞最高級所修飾的名詞后被形容詞最高級所修飾的名詞后的定語從句的定語從句(that 引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo))中，一般用中，一般用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)?，F(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。vThis

37、is the most delicious food (that) Ive ever eaten. 這是我所吃過的最美味的食物。這是我所吃過的最美味的食物。vShe is the most beautiful girl (that) Ive ever seen. 她是我見過的最美麗的姑娘她是我見過的最美麗的姑娘 3.It is the first / second time+現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時This is +the最高級最高級+名詞名詞+that+現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時This is the first time (that) Ive heard him sing.這是我第一次聽他唱歌。這是

38、我第一次聽他唱歌。It is the first time that I have seen such a beautiful girlIt was the third time that the boy has been late. This is the best film that Ive (ever) seen. 這是我看過的最好的電影。這是我看過的最好的電影。v典型例題(1) -Do you know our town at all? -No, this is the first time I _ here.A. was B. have been C. came D. am comi

39、ng v (2) -Have you _ been to our town before? -No, its the first time I _ here.A. even, come B. even, have comevC. ever, come D. ever, have comeDB 當(dāng)堂檢測當(dāng)堂檢測一、句式變換：（一、句式變換：（5分分,每空每空1分）分）1. Jack has visited China before.(改為否定句）改為否定句） Jack visited China before.2. They have come into the classroom.(改為一般疑

40、問句）改為一般疑問句） come into the classroom?3. He has been here for 12 years.(劃線提問）劃線提問） has he been here?hasnt Have they How long1、He has never surfed, ?（改成反意（改成反意疑問句）疑問句） 2、They have been here since 2000. (對劃線部對劃線部分提問分提問) have they been here? 3、The old man _ last year. He _for a year. (die) （動詞填空）（動詞填空） h

41、as heHow long died has been dead4.This factory opened twenty years ago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換同義句轉(zhuǎn)換) This factory _ for twenty years. 5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換同義句轉(zhuǎn)換) Miss Gao _ _ _ _ an hour ago. 6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同義句）（同義句） Her mother _ the Party three years_. 7、The Gre

42、en Family moved to France two years ago. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換同義句轉(zhuǎn)換) _ two years _ the Green family moved to France. 8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把兩個句子合并成一個句子把兩個句子合并成一個句子) _ has been openhas been away sincejoinedagoIt issinceThe bus has been here for ten minutesCorrecting v1. I have bor

43、rowed the book for 3 months.v2. My bother has joined the army since he was 18.v3. Jack and Tom have lived here since 5years.v4. The film has been on since I have come to the cinema.v5. When has Mr. Li caught a bad cold? have kepthas been in/ been a member of the armysince 5 years ago/ for 5 yearscam

44、e didcatchv6. Ten years have passed since they got married.v7. Jim has gone to Beijing for 2 years.v8.What time have the factory opened?v9.I have gone to Chunhua Middle School twice.hashas been indidopenbeen to寫出下列動詞的過去式及過去分詞寫出下列動詞的過去式及過去分詞1 become_-_2 break_-_3 bring _-_4 build_-_5 bite_-_6 catch_-

45、_7 choose_-_8 cut_-_9 fall_-_10 fly_-_11 forget_-_12 grow_-_13 hit_-_14 hurt_-_15 keep_-_16 lend_-_17 lose_-_18 meet_-_19 put_-_20read_-_21 ring_-_became becomebroke brokenbrought broughtbuilt builtbit bitcaught caughtchose chosencut cutfell fallenflew flownforgot forgottengrew grownhit hithurt hurt

46、kept keptlent lentlost lostmet metput putread readrang rung( )1.Youve never seen such a wonderful film before, _? A. havent you B. have you C. do you D. dont you( ) 2. I have watched the game. When _ you _ it? A. have; watched B. do; watch C. did ;watch D. will; watch( )3. Mr. Green _ in China since

47、 five years ago. A. lived B. has lived C. lives D. is going to live( )4. His grandma _ for two years. A. died B. has died C. was dead D. has been dead BCBD( )5. Where is Han Mei now? She _ to Shanghai. She will be back in two days. A. has gone B. has been C. goes D. had gone( )6. _ you _to the Unite

48、d Stated ? No, never,but I went to Canada a few years agoA. Have; been B. Have; gone C. Did; go D. Do; go( )7. You havent changed your mind,_?A. do you B. are you C. have you D. did you( )8. How long have you _ the football team of the school?A. played B. been at C. joined D been on AACD( )9. Where

49、have you _ these days? I have _ to Kunming with my friends.A been , gone B been , been C gone , been D gone, gone( )10. How long have you _ this book?A. bought B. borrowed C. had D. lent( )11. Excuse me, _ you seen the film yet? Yes, I _ it last night.A have, see B have, have seen C have, seen D hav

50、e, saw( )12. He has never ridden a horse before,_? A. is he B. isnt he C. hasnt he D. has heBCDD1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _whats happened to him . . knew. have known .must know .will know 2、He has _ been to Shanghai , has he ? . already .never .ever . still 3、Have you met Mr Li _？ . j

51、ust . ago .before . a moment ago 4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year . . is writing .was writing .wrote .has written BBCD5、Our country _ a lot so far . Yes . I hope it will be even _ . . has changed ; well . changed ; good . has changed ; better . changed ; better 6、Zhao Lan _alr

52、eady _in this school for two years . . was ; studying . will ; study . has ; studied . are ; studying 7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . . know . had known . have known . knew 8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice . . will see . have seen . saw .see CCCB9、These farmers have been

53、to the United States . Really ? When _ there ? . will they go . did they go . do they go . have they gone 10、_ you _ your homework yet ? Yes . I _ it a moment ago . . Did ; do ; finished . Have ; done ; finished . Have ; done ; have finished . will ; do ; finish 11、 His father _ the Party since 1978

54、 . . joined . has joined . was in . has been in 12、Do you know him well ? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . . were . have been . have become . have made BBDB 13、How long have you _ here ? About two months . . been . gone . come . arrived 14、Hurry up! The play _for ten minutes . . has begun .

55、had begun . has been on . began 15、 It _ ten years since he left the army . . is . has . will . was 16、 Miss Green isnt in the office . she_ to the library . .has gone . went .will go . has been ACAA 17、My parents _ Shandong for ten years . . have been in . have been to . have gone to . have been 18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ? A. so they B. dont they C. have they D. havent they