現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與過(guò)去完成時(shí)的區(qū)別

1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與過(guò)去完成時(shí)的區(qū)別The present perfect tense & The past perfect tense概念現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1.表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響的動(dòng)作； I have seen the film many times. 2.表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作。 He has lived here since 1949.過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí) 表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻以前以前已經(jīng)開(kāi)始并一直延續(xù)到這一時(shí)刻或在此刻前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去過(guò)去的過(guò)去” By the end of last term we had learned

2、1000 English words. 形式現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞主語(yǔ)為三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，則用“has+過(guò)去分詞” She has waited here for an hour.主語(yǔ)為非單三，則用“have+過(guò)去分詞” I have waited here for an hour.過(guò)去完成時(shí) had + 過(guò)去分詞 had 可用于各種人稱(chēng)和數(shù) By the end of this term we had learned 1000 English words.1.表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果（強(qiáng)調(diào)是過(guò)去動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系強(qiáng)調(diào)是過(guò)去動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系, ,也就是也就

3、是強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在的影響和結(jié)果強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在的影響和結(jié)果）通常與表示與包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間副詞 just,already,before,yet,never,ever等狀語(yǔ)連用 eg.I have never heard of that before. She has already known the news.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法2.表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并可能還將持續(xù)下去。動(dòng)詞使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞常與for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間連用 so far, by now, this days, in the last ten years for+一段時(shí)間 eg. He has lived h

4、ere for 5 years. since+ （表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間的）時(shí)間點(diǎn) eg. He has been here since 5 years ago. 短暫性的動(dòng)詞短暫性的動(dòng)詞不能和for,since 連用 become,begin,buy,borrow,arrive,come,know, join,leave,go,finish,fall,die eg. The film began five minutes ago. -The film has been on for five minutes. -It has been five minutes since the film beg

5、an.用用 how long how long 提問(wèn)提問(wèn) eg. How long has the film began?過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法1.表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間以前完成的動(dòng)作或事件。是一個(gè)相是一個(gè)相對(duì)的時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)的時(shí)態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)在某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)或動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 需要與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，不能離開(kāi)過(guò)去的時(shí)間而需要與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，不能離開(kāi)過(guò)去的時(shí)間而獨(dú)立存在獨(dú)立存在。此時(shí)多與already,yet,still,just,before,ever,by,until 等連用 eg. He had read the text before he came to school. I had finished

6、 reading the book by 10:00 last night. 2.表示某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)在過(guò)去某時(shí)之前已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，一直延續(xù)到這一過(guò)去時(shí)間，并可能還將持續(xù)下去。 eg. By the end of last year,he had work in the factory for 10 years. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)通常連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)： by by the end of + 過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn) beforeeg. He had read the text before he came to school. By the end of last year,he had work in the fact

7、ory for 10 years. They had planted 100 trees before last Sunday.表示意向意向的動(dòng)詞如hope,wish,except,think,intend,mean,suppose 等用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示原本想做但并未完成的動(dòng)作 eg. I had hoped that you would come to my party.練 習(xí)1.I have this nice watch for two years (A)had (B)bought (C)borrowed (D)lend2.The train from Beijing _ten minutes ago.(A)has arrived (B)was arriving (C)arrived (D)had arrived3.The famous writer _one new book in the past two years. (A)had written (B)was writing (C