狀語從句講解

1、狀語從句狀語從句1.時(shí)間狀語從句（時(shí)間狀語從句（1 1）When While As 當(dāng)WhenI will tell her about it when I see her.I was about to fall asleep when my sister came in. I will go home when he comes back. When-當(dāng)當(dāng)時(shí)候時(shí)候, 通常指某一特定的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，通常指某一特定的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，主句與從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。主句與從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。When - 正在正在的時(shí)候，突然的時(shí)候，突然。通常主句。通常主句是是be doing 或或 be about to 或或 ha

2、d just doneWhen也可以表示先后關(guān)系也可以表示先后關(guān)系When也可以表示先后關(guān)系也可以表示先后關(guān)系When也可以表示先后關(guān)系也可以表示先后關(guān)系I recognized the thief when/ as I passed him.When he finished his lecture, people stood up and applauded.I was walking on the street when I came across an old friend. We were about to set off when it began to rain. He had j

3、ust finished the work when the doorbell rang. We were on the point of driving away when the policeman signed us to stop. 意思為既然或考慮到意思為既然或考慮到 (原因狀語從句原因狀語從句)It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there.How can they learn anything when they spend all their spare time watching te

4、levision? Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good one?There is no point （in） owning a car when we have so good a public transport system. Why use metal when you can use plastic? How can he get the promotion when his boss dislikes him? whileWhile -While -在在期間，往往指一段時(shí)間。期間，往往指一段時(shí)間。While

5、we were in America, we saw him twice.While we were talking, he came in.We are cleaning the classroom while they are playing the football.While While 表示兩相對比表示兩相對比。While While 表示讓步表示讓步“盡管盡管”。While I admit that there are problems, I dont agree that they cannot be solved. AsAs - As - 一邊一邊一邊一邊, , 隨著隨著, ,

6、She was doing her homework as she was listening to the music.As she grew older, she became more beautiful.As time goes by, .Just as 時(shí)間狀語從句（時(shí)間狀語從句（2 2）Not untilSince As soon as (immediately, directly)The moment/ the minuteHardly when/No sooner than Every time / each time直到才自從一就一就每次， 每當(dāng)一就1.1. 我什么都不會(huì)說，

7、直到你讓我說。我什么都不會(huì)說，直到你讓我說。2. 2. 直到他回來，我們才開始工作。直到他回來，我們才開始工作。I wont say anything until you tell me to.We didnt start the work until he came back.not until句型中強(qiáng)調(diào)和倒裝：句型中強(qiáng)調(diào)和倒裝：It was not until he came back that we started the work.Not until he came back did we start the work.3. 他們一看到這張照片，就笑翻了。他們一看到這張照片，就笑翻了。

8、They laughed as soon as they saw the picture.They laughed the moment they saw the picture.4. 我剛一到家就開始下雨了。我剛一到家就開始下雨了。Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.5. 他剛一上去車就發(fā)動(dòng)了。他剛一上去車就發(fā)動(dòng)了。Hardly had he got on it when the bus started.No sooner had he got o

9、n it than the bus started.6.每當(dāng)我聽音樂，我就想起這事。每當(dāng)我聽音樂，我就想起這事。 Every time I listen to music, Ill think of it. 時(shí)間狀語從句（時(shí)間狀語從句（3 3）before It will be +一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間+before從句從句(does) 要過要過才能做才能做It will not be +一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間+before從句從句 要不了要不了 就能做就能做It was +一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間+before從句從句(did)過了過了做了做了It was not+一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間+before從句從句(did

10、) 沒過沒過做了做了我五年后才能回來。我五年后才能回來。It will be five years before I came back.用不了多久他們就會(huì)互相了解了。用不了多久他們就會(huì)互相了解了。It will not be long before they understand each other.五天后他才回來的。五天后他才回來的。It was five days before he came back.不久后敵人就被趕走了。不久后敵人就被趕走了。It was not long before the enemy was driven out of their country.不久我們就

11、動(dòng)身去北方了。不久我們就動(dòng)身去北方了。It was not long before we left for the north.再過一年你就畢業(yè)了。再過一年你就畢業(yè)了。It will be a year before you graduate.用不了多久我們就會(huì)知道實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果了。用不了多久我們就會(huì)知道實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果了。It will not be long before we know the result of the experiment.過了一段時(shí)間他們才意識(shí)到事情的真相。過了一段時(shí)間他們才意識(shí)到事情的真相。It was some time before they realized the

12、truth.Time passed quickly and three months went by before she knew it. 時(shí)間過得飛快，她不知不覺就在那里度過了三個(gè)月時(shí)間過得飛快，她不知不覺就在那里度過了三個(gè)月.He almost knocked me down before he saw me. 他幾乎把我撞倒才看到我。他幾乎把我撞倒才看到我。Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up before I could answer the phone. 半夜里有人打來電話，我沒來得及接電

13、話就掛了。半夜里有人打來電話，我沒來得及接電話就掛了。The most destructive natural disaster, tsunami, came unexpectedly before the tourists could leave the coast. since自從自從以來，一般主句用以來，一般主句用完成式或完成進(jìn)行時(shí)完成式或完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：I have never seen him since I graduated.Ive been learning English since Grade Three in primary school.Ive been feeling d

14、own since I lost my job. It is/ has been +一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間+ since did: (did為短暫動(dòng)詞為短暫動(dòng)詞) 自從自從以來已經(jīng)多久了以來已經(jīng)多久了; (did為持續(xù)動(dòng)詞為持續(xù)動(dòng)詞) 不不以來已經(jīng)多久了以來已經(jīng)多久了It has been twenty days since the war broke out.It is ten years since he lived here.It is three years since he smoked. 他不吸煙有三年了。他不吸煙有三年了。It is three years since he began

15、 to smoke. 他吸煙有三年了。他吸煙有三年了。It is three years since he joined the army.他參軍有三年了。他參軍有三年了。It is three years since he was a soldier.他退役有三年了。他退役有三年了。It is years since I enjoyed myself so much.好多年沒玩的這么痛快了。好多年沒玩的這么痛快了。注意：在時(shí)間狀語從句中，不能用一般將來時(shí)、過去注意：在時(shí)間狀語從句中，不能用一般將來時(shí)、過去將來時(shí)態(tài)或?qū)硗瓿蓵r(shí)，而要用相應(yīng)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)、將來時(shí)態(tài)或?qū)硗瓿蓵r(shí)，而要用相應(yīng)的一般現(xiàn)

16、在時(shí)態(tài)、一般過去時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)來代替。如：一般過去時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)來代替。如：Ill telephone you as soon as I get there. 我一到達(dá)那里就打電話給你。我一到達(dá)那里就打電話給你。She said she would phone me as soon as she got there. 她說她一到達(dá)那里就給我電話。她說她一到達(dá)那里就給我電話。Dont get off the bus until it has stopped.等車停穩(wěn)后才下車。等車停穩(wěn)后才下車。2. 條件狀語從句條件狀語從句ifunlessas long asin case 如果如果除非除非只要只

17、要萬一萬一從句中用一般現(xiàn)在從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí)時(shí)代替將來時(shí)1._ weather permits, we will go to the park tomorrow.2.Youd better take an umbrella _ it rains. 3.I sleep with the window open _ its really cold. 4._ you listen to me, Ill give whatever you want. Ifin caseunlessAs long asIf/ unless/ as long as / in caseYou will fail

18、to arrive there in time unless you start earlier (if you dont start earlier). 如果你不早點(diǎn)動(dòng)身如果你不早點(diǎn)動(dòng)身,你就不能及時(shí)趕到那兒。你就不能及時(shí)趕到那兒。Well let you use the room on condition that you keep it clean and tidy. 我們可以讓你使用這個(gè)房間，條件是你把它保持整潔。我們可以讓你使用這個(gè)房間，條件是你把它保持整潔。Supposing he does not come, shall we go without him? 如果他不來，是不是不

19、帶他去如果他不來，是不是不帶他去? He will do the work providing you pay him. 如果你能付費(fèi)，他可以做這工作。如果你能付費(fèi)，他可以做這工作。 3. 原因狀語從句原因狀語從句Because Since As Because Because 表示直接的因果關(guān)系，常放主表示直接的因果關(guān)系，常放主句后句后. . 回答回答Why Why 問句問句 、 強(qiáng)調(diào)原因或有強(qiáng)調(diào)原因或有partly, notpartly, not修飾時(shí)修飾時(shí) , ,只能用只能用because.because.Since , as Since , as 表示眾所周知的原因，常表示眾所周知的原

20、因，常放于主句前，譯成放于主句前，譯成“既然既然”. Since . Since 語語氣比氣比as as 強(qiáng)。強(qiáng)。I learn English partly _ I like it._ everyone is here, lets begin the meeting.It is _ he is honest that he gets the job.becauseSincebecauseSeeing that youre already at the door, I suppose I must invite you inside. 鑒于你已到了門口，我想我必須邀請你入內(nèi)。鑒于你已到了門口，

21、我想我必須邀請你入內(nèi)。 Considering hes only just started, he knows quite a lot about it. 考慮到他只是剛剛開始考慮到他只是剛剛開始, 他對此的了解已經(jīng)不少了。他對此的了解已經(jīng)不少了。 Given that she is interested in children, I am sure teaching is the right career for her. 考慮到她喜歡孩子考慮到她喜歡孩子, 我可以肯定教書是最適合她的職業(yè)。我可以肯定教書是最適合她的職業(yè)。Since/Now that youre not interested

22、, I wont tell you about it. 既然你不感興趣，那我就不告訴你了。既然你不感興趣，那我就不告訴你了。 注意：注意： 1. considering 和和 given 還可用介詞。如：還可用介詞。如： Considering his age, the little boy reads very well. 就他的年齡來說，這小孩讀得挺好的。就他的年齡來說，這小孩讀得挺好的。 Given her interest in children, I am sure teaching is the right career for her. 考慮到她喜歡孩子考慮到她喜歡孩子, 我可我

23、可以肯定教書是最適合她的職業(yè)。以肯定教書是最適合她的職業(yè)。 2. 表示表示“因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)椤钡倪B詞不能與表示的連詞不能與表示“所以所以”的的 so 連連用。如：用。如： 因?yàn)樗×?，所以沒有出席會(huì)議。因?yàn)樗×?，所以沒有出席會(huì)議。 誤：誤：Because he was ill, so he didnt attend the meeting. 正：正：He didnt attend the meeting because he was ill. 正：正：He was ill so he didnt attend the meeting. He found it increasingly difficu

24、lt to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail. The day breaks, for the birds are singing.It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.He must/may be at home now, for the light is on.There must be something wrong with the machine, for the engine failed to start. A man cannot smile like

25、a child, for a child smiles with his eyes, while a man smiles with his lips alone. 結(jié)果狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句So that Such that 形容詞形容詞名詞名詞如此如此以至于以至于He has made _ great progress that the teachers are pleased with him.He had_many falls that he was black and blue all over. I study hard, so that/ in order that I may n

26、ot fail in the examinations. 目的狀語從句目的狀語從句suchsomany much little fewThey are _ interesting novels that I want to read them again.He was _ an honest boy that he was praised.She is _ lovely a girl that everyone likes her.The boy is _ young that he cant look after himself.He has made _ great progress th

27、at teachers are pleased with him.He had _ little education that he was unfit for the job.suchsuchsososuchsoThere were _ many people in the street that we couldnt get close to the building.He runs _ fast that nobody can catch up with him._ good weather_ much money_ handsome boyssosoSuchSoSuchBring it

28、 closer so (that) I can see it better. 拿近一點(diǎn)拿近一點(diǎn)以便我看得更清楚。以便我看得更清楚。 I left at 6:00 so that/in order that I could catch the train. 為了趕上火車，我六點(diǎn)就出門了。為了趕上火車，我六點(diǎn)就出門了。 He walked fast for fear that he should be late. 他走他走得很快，以免遲到。得很快，以免遲到。 Speak clearly so that they may understand you. 你你要講得清楚，他們才聽得懂。要講得清楚，他們

29、才聽得懂。 They risk their lives in order that we may live more safely. 他們冒了生死危險(xiǎn)使我們生活得更安全。他們冒了生死危險(xiǎn)使我們生活得更安全。They are such wonderful players that no one can beat them. 他們都是出色的運(yùn)動(dòng)員，沒有人能戰(zhàn)勝他他們都是出色的運(yùn)動(dòng)員，沒有人能戰(zhàn)勝他們。們。 目的狀語從句目的狀語從句So that 倒裝倒裝So dark was it that he couldnt see the faces of his companions.So frighte

30、ned was she that she couldnt say a word.So loudly did he speak that even the people in the next room could hear him.So dangerous did the weather become that all mountain roads were closed.Such a good student was he that everyone liked him. 考題考題1 So difficult _ it to work out the problem that I decid

31、ed to ask Tom for advice. (2006廣東廣東)A. I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I found考題考題2 _ homework did we have to do that we had no time to take a rest. (2006福建福建)A. So much B. Too much C. Too little D. So littleBA讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句Although he is busy, he never misses a football match.= busy

32、as he is , he never misses a football match.No matter what you may do, do it well. No matter where life takes us to, just stick to our dreams.although, though, as, while(雖然雖然), even if/though (即使即使), whetheror(不論不論/不管不管還是還是) 以及以及“疑問詞疑問詞+ever”和和“no matter+疑問詞疑問詞”等等 Although/Though they are poor they

33、are happy. 雖然他們很窮，但很快樂。雖然他們很窮，但很快樂。 Though he is very old, he works hard. 盡管他年老了但仍努力工作。盡管他年老了但仍努力工作。 Tired as he was, he sat up late. 他雖然疲倦他雖然疲倦,可仍然很晚才睡。可仍然很晚才睡。 While I like the color of the hat, I do not like its shape. 雖然我喜歡這頂帽子的顏色，但我不喜歡它的形狀。雖然我喜歡這頂帽子的顏色，但我不喜歡它的形狀。Ill go even if/though it snows.

34、即使下雪我也要去。即使下雪我也要去。 Whether you believe it or not, it is true. 不管你信還是不信，這的確是事實(shí)。不管你信還是不信，這的確是事實(shí)。 However (=No matter how) tired you may be, you must do it today. 不管怎樣累不管怎樣累, 你也得今天做。你也得今天做。Wherever (=No matter where) I am, I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都會(huì)想到你。不管我在哪里我都會(huì)想到你。 Girl as she is, she is bra

35、ver than a boy.Smart as he was, he was not able to solve the problem.Try as he might, he couldnt get out of the difficulty. Heavily as it was raining outside, they started out very early. 引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句的從屬連詞有引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句的從屬連詞有as(正如正如)，as if或或as though(好像好像)等。如：等。如： Do as I told you. 按我告訴你的那樣做。按我告訴你的那樣做。 As a

36、man lives, so he dies. 正如人能活，也能死。正如人能活，也能死。 I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday. 整個(gè)這件事我記得很清楚，就仿佛是昨天整個(gè)這件事我記得很清楚，就仿佛是昨天發(fā)生似的。發(fā)生似的。 Please pronounce the word the way I do.請照我這請照我這樣樣,讀這個(gè)單詞讀這個(gè)單詞. 地點(diǎn)狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句Keep it where you can see it. 把它放在你看得見的把它放在你看得見的地方。地方。 He lives where the clima

37、te is mild. 他住在一個(gè)氣候他住在一個(gè)氣候溫暖的地方。溫暖的地方。Wherever I am l will be thinking of you. 我不論在我不論在哪兒，都會(huì)想你的。哪兒，都會(huì)想你的。The church was built where there had once been a Roman temple. 教堂建在曾一度是羅馬神廟的地方。教堂建在曾一度是羅馬神廟的地方。Next time I hope youll go where I tell you to. 下次下次我希望你去我告訴你去的地方。我希望你去我告訴你去的地方。地點(diǎn)狀語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別地點(diǎn)狀語從句與

38、定語從句的區(qū)別 : 在于分句在句中作什么成分。作狀語，則是狀在于分句在句中作什么成分。作狀語，則是狀語從句；作定語修飾名詞，則是定語從句語從句；作定語修飾名詞，則是定語從句 where引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，從句前應(yīng)有一個(gè)表示地引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，從句前應(yīng)有一個(gè)表示地點(diǎn)的名詞作先行詞；而狀語從句前則無需先行詞。點(diǎn)的名詞作先行詞；而狀語從句前則無需先行詞。 如：如： Go back where you came from. (where引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句）地點(diǎn)狀語從句） 你從何處來到何處去。你從何處來到何處去。 Go back to the village where you came from. (where引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾village) 回到你來的那個(gè)村子里去?；氐侥銇淼哪莻€(gè)村子里去。 考題考題1 Mom, what did the doctor say? He advised me to live _ the air is fresher. (2006四川四川) A. in where B. in which C. the place where D. where 考題考題2 In peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to send help _ there is human su