新概念英語第二冊lesson28

1、Lesson 28 No parking ! No parking ! 禁止停車！禁止停車！ No smoking ! 禁止吸煙！禁止吸煙！ No fishing ! 禁止釣魚！禁止釣魚！之之rare/re/re/ancient/5eInFnt/5eInFnt/myth/mIW/mIW/trouble/5trQbl/5trQbl/effecteffect/I5fekt/I5fekt/Medusa/mI5dju:z/mI5dju:z/New wordsrare /re/ adj. 罕見的ancient /5eInFnt/ adj. 古代的，古老的myth /mIW/ n. 神話故事trouble

2、 /5trQbl/ n. 麻煩effect /I5fekt/ n. 結(jié)果，效果Medusa /mI5dju:z/ n. 美杜莎（古希臘神話中3位蛇發(fā)一）Gorgon /5gC:gn / n. （古希臘神話中的）3位蛇發(fā)女怪之一 （凡見其貌者都會變成石頭） rare adj.少見的、稀少的 稀有的動物 rare animals 疑難雜癥 rare illness 稀有的人之一 one of the rare people 他是喜歡稀有動物的人之中的一個。 He is one of the people who likes rare animals.ancientadj.古老的、古代的古埃及anc

3、ient Egyptmythn.神話他是喜歡神話故事的比較罕見的人中的一個.He is one of the rare people who likes myths. TROUBLE在某事上有麻煩、困難/與某人相處有困難have trouble with sth./sb.做某事有麻煩、困難have trouble（ in ）doing sth.我做作業(yè)有困難。I have trouble with my homework.I have trouble （in）doing my homework.EFFECTeffect n.結(jié)果，效果influence n.影響 affect v.影響The

4、advice has no effect on me. have effect on 對有作用/效果 have no effect on 對沒有作用/效果 take effect 生效The contract（合同） takes effect on October 1. Jasper White is one of those rare people who _ in ancient myths. He has just _ a new house in the city, but ever since he _ in, he has _ trouble with cars and their

5、 owners. When he _ home at night, he always _ that someone has _ a car outside his gate. Because of this, he has not been able to _ his own car into his garage even once. Jasper has _ up No Parking signs outside his gate, but these have not _ any effect. Now he has _ an ugly stone head over the gate

6、. It is one of the ugliest faces I have ever _. I _ him what it _ and he _ me that it _ Medusa, the Gorgon. Jasper _ that she will _ cars and their owners to stone. But none of them has been _ to stone yet!believesboughtmovedhadreturnsfindsparkedgetputhadputseenaskedwastoldwashopesturnturnedFill in

7、the blanks 2 Jasper White is one _ those rare people who believes _ ancient myths. He has just bought a new house _ the city, but ever since he moved _, he has had trouble _ cars and their owners. When he returns home _ night, he always finds that someone has parked a car _ his gate. Because _ this,

8、 he has not been able _ get his own car _ his garage even once. Jasper has put _ No Parking signs _ his gate, but these have not had any effect. Now he has put an ugly stone head _ the gate. It is one _ the ugliest faces I have ever seen. I asked him what it was and he told me that it was Medusa, th

9、e Gorgon. Jasper hopes that she will turn cars and their owners _ stone. But none _ them has been turned _ stone yet!ofinininwithatoutsideoftointoupoutsideoveroftooftoFill in the blanks 3Q1: What is Jaspers problem?Q2: What has he put up outside the gate?Q3: Why has he put the stone head of Medusa o

10、ver his gate?Look, listen and answer精講課文Language Points 1.Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths. 賈斯珀懷特是為數(shù)不多的信奉古代神話的人之一。 語言點1 “one of+復數(shù)名詞”的用法 1)當“one of+復數(shù)名詞”在句子中充當主語時，實際主語是one, 緊跟其后的謂語動詞一定用單數(shù)形式。 One of my students is a lawyer.我的一個學生是律師。 2)當“one of+復數(shù)名詞”后加定語從句時，因為定語從

11、句的關(guān)系 代詞所修飾的先行詞不是one,而是of后面的復數(shù)名詞，所以從句的謂語動詞- 一定是復數(shù)形式。 Our organization is just one of many charities that are providing famine relief in the region.我們的組織僅僅是為這個饑荒地區(qū)提供救濟的慈善組織之一。 3) 要注意，當one 前有the, the very, the only等修飾限制時，從句中的謂語動詞一定要用單數(shù)。 She is the only one of the students who has already learnt Spanish

12、.她是這些學生中唯一一個曾學過西班牙語的人。 believe v. 相信，認為 believe in 信仰，相信的存在， eg: I believe in God. 我信仰上帝。 I believe in him. 我信賴他。 I believe him. 我相信他的話。 2.He has just bought a new house in the city, but ever since he moved in, he has had trouble with cars and their owners. 他剛在城里買了一所新房子，但自從他搬進去后，就和汽車及車主們發(fā)生了摩擦。 語言點1

13、just常用于現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)中 語言點2 in the city= in the downtown在市中心，在城里 語言點3 have trouble with sth. / sb.和某物/某人有摩擦、麻煩 語言點4 move in遷入 4.Jasper has put upNo Parking,signs outside his gate,but these have not had any ef fect. 賈斯珀曾把幾塊“禁止停車”的牌子掛在他的門外，但沒有任何效果。 語言點1 put up意為“掛起，豎起” 語言點2 have not any effect = have no effec

14、t 沒有任何效果 原句還可改為:Jasper has put upNo Parking signs outside his gate,but these have had no effect 本句的效果沒有用have not had any effect好。) 5.Now he has put an ugly stone head over the gate. 現(xiàn)在他把一個丑.陋的石雕頭像放在了大門上邊。 語言點1put sth.over somewhere把某物放、摘在某處的上面 語言點2 an ugly stone head一個丑陋的石雕頭像一、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：助動詞一、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：助動詞have

15、/has+過去分詞過去分詞(done) 二、句型：二、句型：否定句：主語否定句：主語+have / has+not+過去分詞過去分詞+其他其他.一般疑問句：一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語主語+過去分詞過去分詞+其他其他.簡略答語簡略答語: Yes, 主語主語 + have/has.(肯定肯定)No, 主語主語 + havent/hasnt.(否定否定)現(xiàn)在完成時講解現(xiàn)在完成時講解 三、用法三、用法（1）現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在）現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果造成的影響或結(jié)果I have spent all of my money (so f

16、ar).Guo zijun has (just/already) come. （2）現(xiàn)在完成時可以用來表示發(fā)生在過去某一時刻的）現(xiàn)在完成時可以用來表示發(fā)生在過去某一時刻的,持持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作（用行為動詞表示）或狀態(tài)（續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作（用行為動詞表示）或狀態(tài)（be動詞表動詞表示）常與示）常與for（+時間段）時間段）,since（+時間點或過去時的句時間點或過去時的句子）連用子）連用. for+時段時段since+過去一個時間點（譯為：自從過去一個時間點（譯為：自從以來）以來）since+時段時段+agosince+從句（過去時）從句（過去時）It is+時段時段+since+從句（過去時）從句（

17、過去時）Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998. 四、四、has gone (to), has been (to), has been (in) 的區(qū)的區(qū)別：別： have/Has gone (to) :去了去了(現(xiàn)在不在說話現(xiàn)場現(xiàn)在不在說話現(xiàn)場)Where is your father？He has gone to Shanghai. have/Has been (to) :去過（已不在去過的地方）去過（已不在去過的地方）My father has been to Shanghai. have/has be

18、en in：呆了多久（還在所呆的地方）：呆了多久（還在所呆的地方）My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago.有些瞬間性動詞不能和表示一段時間的有些瞬間性動詞不能和表示一段時間的時間狀、語連用。要表示一段時間的時時間狀、語連用。要表示一段時間的時間狀語和連用的、時候須用延續(xù)性動詞。間狀語和連用的、時候須用延續(xù)性動詞。become/be; die/be dead; leave/ be away; join/be in; borrow/keep; buy/ have; marry/ be married;

19、 start( begin)/be on; open/ be open;1. No parking ! 禁止停車！ No smoking ! 禁止吸煙！ No fishing ! 禁止釣魚！2. one of + n.(pl.)/pron. 之一，謂語動詞用單數(shù) eg: One of your friends is waiting for you. 3. believe v. 相信，認為 believe in 信仰，相信的存在， eg: I believe in God. 我信仰上帝。 I believe in him. 我信賴他。 I believe him. 我相信他的話。Words an

20、d phrases4. because of + n./pron. because+句子5. turn to 把變成6. even once 甚至一次7. none of them /us：not any one of them 沒人8. have trouble with sb/sth 與有摩擦 have trouble/difficulty (in)doing sth 在做某事過程中遇到麻煩 (L56) eg: Do you have any trouble with your neighbours?Words and phrases9. have effect on 對有作用/效果 ha

21、ve no effect on 對沒有作用/效果 take effect 生效 eg: This medicine has had effect on the patient. Coffee doesnt have any effect on me. The contract takes effect on October 1. Words and phrases 1. I have already read this book. 2. I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim . 3. I have not seen Tim sin

22、ce last January. 4. I have not seen Tim since 1990. 5. I have not seen Tim for three years. 6. Tim has been abroad for three years . 7. Up till now he has won five prizes. 8. Up till now I have been to New York three times. 9. Have you ever been to New York ?10. He has already gone to Beijing.Focus

23、on grammar The man you met yesterday is an actor. The man whom you met yesterday is an actor. The book you lent me is not very interesting. The book which you lent me is not very interesting The flowers I love best are roses. The flowers that I love best are roses.結(jié)論：在whom, which,that 引導的定語從中如果關(guān)系代詞w

24、hom,which,that 充當從句中的賓語時，關(guān)系代詞可以省略。Focus on grammar Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths. This is the hotel which was built last year. This is the island that was bought by a millionaire. (百萬富翁）. The pilot whose plane landed a field was not hurt.結(jié)論：如果who,which,that,w

25、hose 等關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中充當主語或定語時不能省略。Focus on grammar一、根據(jù)句意和漢語提示用適當形式填空1. He has written several novels _.( 迄今為止)2. This medicine has an _ on your body.(作用)3. In _ China, myths were very popular.(古代的)4. I _ he is a good man!(相信)5. My father is very busy with his work, so he stays_ at home. (稀少地） 6. If I am

26、able, I want to _ all the bad men into stones.(變成) effect ancient believe rarely so far turnExercise二、用關(guān)系代詞連接下列各句1.Is that the man? His son is a pilot. (whose) _2.He is my best friend, I lent my car to him. (whom)_ 3.I have seen this film already. It is wonderful. (which/that)_ 4.This is the ship. W

27、e will travel on it. (which)_ 5.Mr.Smith lives next to me. He believes in ancient myths. (who)_ Is that the man whose son is a pilot? He whom I lent my car to is my best friend. I have already seen this film which is wonderful. This is the ship which we will travel on. Mr.Smith who believes in ancient myths lives next to me. Exercise三、單項選擇1. I have some Jims