現(xiàn)代大學(xué)英語精讀第二版book3unit1

1、Your College YearsBob HartmanR einforcementT ext AnalysisYour College YearsB ackgroundW arming upUnit 1Questions/ActivitiesCheck-on PreviewObjectivesUnit 1Warming upYour College YearsWarming upQuestions/Activities1.What is the article mainly about? 2.How much do you know about developmental changes?

2、 What does the author say that strikes you most?3.What is an identity crisis? Can you define “identity”?4.Are there any other key concepts mentioned in the text that you know about or want to know? Warming upQuestions/Activities1. developmental changes: a psychological term which refers to the physi

3、ological and behavioral changes throughout the lifespan2. identity: the qualities that make sb or sth what they arewho you are; what strengths and weaknesses you have; how you perceive yourself as well as how other people perceive you ( self image and the image you present to others)Erickson: The id

4、entity is “a subjective sense as well as an observable quality of personal sameness and continuity, paired with some belief in the sameness and continuity of some shared world image.”Identity is highly relational. Warming upQuestions/Activities3. identity crisis: the difficulties, confusions and anx

5、ieties that one goes through when he/she is not sure who he/she is and what his/her purpose in life isCheck-on Preview1.Give three translations of “意識到”.2.Offer at least three examples of quotation that you can find in the text.3.Define the following words: heightened (para. 3); observe (para. 4).Wa

6、rming upObjectives1.Understand the key psychological concepts.2.Understand the structure of the essay.3.Appreciate the formality of the writing style.4.Learn about some useful writing techniquesquotation, parallelism.Warming upBackgroundErik EricksonSigmund FreudUnit 1Your College Years Sigmund Freu

7、d Sigmund Freud: (1856-1939) Father of psychoanalysis, author of The Interpretation of Dreams, famous for his conception of the unconscious, libido, death instinct, the Oedipus/Electra complex, and structural model of human psyche. The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund

8、Freud (Ed. J. Strachey with Anna Freud, 24 vols. London: 1953-1964). Background Erik Erickson: (1902-1994) Freudian ego-psychologist, “father of psychosocial development” and “the architect of identity.” According to Erickson, the identity crisis is the most important conflict human beings encounter

9、 when they go through eight developmental stages in life. Erik EricksonBackgroundBackground Erik EricksonStage (age)Psychosocial crisisSignificant relationsPsychosocial virtuesMaladaptations & MalignanciesI (0-1)infanttrust vs. mistrustmotherhope, faithsensory distortion withdrawalII (2-3)toddle

10、rautonomy vs. shame and doubtparentswill, determinationimpulsivity compulsionIII (3-6)preschoolerinitiative vs. guiltfamilypurpose, courageruthlessness inhibitionIV (7-12 or so)school-age childindustry vs. inferiorityneighborhood and schoolcompetencenarrow virtuosity nertiaEight Developmental Stages

11、 Background Erik EricksonEight Developmental Stages Stage (age)Psychosocial crisisSignificant relationsPsychosocial virtuesMaladaptations & MalignanciesV (12-18 or so) adolescenceego-identity vs. role-confusionpeer groups, role modelsfidelity, loyaltyfanaticism repudiationVI (the 20s)young adult

12、intimacy vs. isolationpartners, friendslovepromiscuity exclusivityVII (late 20s to 50s) middle adultgenerativity vs. self-absorptionhousehold, workmatescareoverextension rejectivityVIII (50s and beyond)old adultintegrity vs. despairmankind or “my kind”wisdompresumption despairDetailedAnalysisStructu

13、re StyleThemeUnit 1Text AnalysisYour College Years1.What does the author mean by developmental changes? Why is it important for college students to be aware of them?2.Do you agree with the author that young adults are bound to go through an identity crisis? Is it necessarily a “dangerous” or “negati

14、ve” incident in our life?3.Why does the author emphasize the change in the way of dealing with knowledge as an important aspect of our growth?Text Analysis Theme Style 1.Genre: expository essay, e.g. formal, serious, academic, educational2. Diction: big, complicated, formal words, technical jargon,

15、e.g. personnel, occur, adolescence, adulthood3.Syntax: long, involved sentences, e.g. paras. 4, 6 (During the course)Text Analysis Style 4. Techniques:quotation, e.g. in(source); according to; sb remarks/observes/comments/points out/defines parallelism, e.g.words (para. 2): strengths and weaknesses

16、phrases (para. 2): determined by genetic endowment; shaped by environment; influenced by chance events sentences (para. 1): 3 consecutive questions other techniques?Para. 3 is developed by _. Para. 4 is developed by _ & _. How do we make a quotation?Text Analysiscomparisoncategorizationquotation

17、1Text Analysis StructurePara. 1Introduction:Key developmental changes occur during college years.2Paras. 2-9Detailed discussion:Detailed discussion of these changesPara. 2: Identity crisisParas. 3-4: Dependence/ independence strugglePara 5: Establishing sexual identityPara 6: Relating to people arou

18、ndPara 7: Internalizing faith, valuesPara 8: New ways of learningPara 9: Relating to people of other cultures 3Para.10Conclusion:College is a time of personal growth and expansion. What goals do you have for your growth and maturity during your college years? Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart I: Di

19、scussionDetailed Analysis1.Explain the sentence “How people see themselves in both roles is unquestionably a part of their identity.” What does “both roles” refer to? 2. Give examples to show how identity is determined.3. Did you experience independence/dependence struggle in your later adolescence

20、stage?4. Why does the author say it may be heightened by the students choice to pursue a college education?5. What are the four distinct aspects of late adolescents psychological separation from their parents? Text AnalysisPart II: Discussion 6. Why should college students stand back to see where th

21、ey are in the independence/dependence struggle？7. What is meant by “establishing their sexual identity”? Why is it stressful?8. How is para. 4 developed?9. How does college students change the way they relate to others as they grow and reach young adulthood?10. Give examples to show how the way you

22、relate to others have changed since you became a college student?Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Discussion 11. What is meant by “internalizing religious faith”? 12. Do you think you have in some way internalized values and beliefs? What new insights have you gained in this respect?13. Did yo

23、u ever question the values instilled by your parents in your adolescence?Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Discussion 14. What new ways should college students develop in learning knowledge? Learning process: gather, process and applyNew perspectives of knowledge: Whats the purpose of materials

24、?Learn to be critical. Establish your own attitudes.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Discussion 15. Why does the author think it is important to become a world citizen?16. Do you have a similar experience, that your interaction with people of other cultures introduce you to new ways of interpr

25、eting life, new understanding of the world and of yourself?Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Discussion 1. In fact, it may be heightened by their choice to pursue a college education. (para. 3) Actually, if the students choose to go to college to continue their education, they will face an even

26、 more serious struggle between the desire to be independent and the need to depend on the financial support of their parents.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Paraphrase2. College students need to stand back and see where they are in the independence/dependence struggle. (para. 4) (In the face

27、of the arrays of challenges,) it is necessary for college students to avoid getting too emotionally involved in the struggle and try to get a clear idea of their situation.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Paraphrase3. Probably nothing can make students feel lower or higher emotionally than the

28、 way they are relating to whomever they are having a romantic relationship with. (para. 5) Perhaps nothing can make a student experience such a big emotional change except his/her relationships with his/her lover. Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Paraphrasego throughto experience To get this j

29、ob done, he went through all sorts of hardships. to finish You have to go through necessary customs formalities before you can enter another country. to pass They just went through the forest in total silence. Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Words & Expressions (1)perceive (fml)to know, r

30、ealize, notice I perceived that I could not make him change his mind. perceiveas He needs to perceive change as opportunity, uncertainty as challenge and corruption as disease. n. perception adj. perceptive/perceptual Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Words & Expressions (2)pursueto chase o

31、r follow, in order to catch or attack Holmes ran across the field with one officer pursuing him. to continue doing or trying to achieve sth: to pursue interests/ profits/business/happiness/a goal/further education/a major She plans to pursue a career in politics. Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart I

32、I: Words & Expressions (3)excessivemuch more than is reasonable or necessary His excessive drinking bothers me. Synonym: excess (only as attributive)seein alight What he did made us see him in a new light. Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Words & Expressions (4)applysth applies to (適合，

33、適用);sth is applied to (運(yùn)用，應(yīng)用)developdevelop an idea(詳細(xì)闡述); develop a new medicine (研制)develop the natural resources; develop the west region (開發(fā))develop an interest; develop a habit; develop understanding of each other (產(chǎn)生，形成)develop ones business (發(fā)展)develop lung cancer (患病)develop into crisis (產(chǎn)生，

34、出現(xiàn))develop a film (沖洗) Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Words & Expressions (5)Fill in the blanks.1.She has been modeling _ her younger sister throughout the years.2.The countrys parliament is modeled _the British system. 3.Many of our products are _ the best in the world. 4.By submitting

35、to male values, they symbolically _ male superiority.5.You need to get good _/ high _ to go to college. 6.“Michael seems to have something on his mind,” she_.foron/afterequal toText AnalysisDetailed AnalysisaffirmedgradesmarksobservedPart II: Exercise (1)Translation1. 新技術(shù)正被應(yīng)用到幾乎所有的工業(yè)流程。（apply）New te

36、chnology is being applied to almost every industrial process.2. 不是所有的自然規(guī)律都適用于人類社會。（apply） Not all natural laws can apply to human society.3. 特殊情況只涉及18歲以下者。（apply）Special conditions apply only if you are under 18.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Exercise (2)Translation1. College is designed to

37、be a time of personal growth and expansion. 大學(xué)本來就是一段個人成長、拓展的時期。2. Has it ever dawned on you that certain developmental changes will occur in your life as you move from adolescence to young adulthood? 你是否曾經(jīng)想過，在你由青春期邁向成年的過程中，你的個人發(fā)展會發(fā)生某些變化？ Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Exercise (3)Translation

38、3. Functional independence involves the capability of individuals to take care of practical and personal affairs, such as handling finances, choosing their own wardrobes, and determining their daily agenda. 獨(dú)立生活的能力包括處理日常實(shí)際和個人事務(wù)的能力，比如說，理財(cái)、添置衣物和計(jì)劃日程安排。4. She then went on to explain how in college she

39、came to realize that literature is one of the best ways to understand a culture. 她接著解釋在大學(xué)里她是如何慢慢意識到，文學(xué)是理解一種文化的最好方式之一。 Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II: Exercise (4)Recap of Part II: ContentDevelopmental changes in college yearsNew ways of learning New ways of dealing with people selfparentspeop

40、le of other culturesother adultsthe other sex assembling, processing & applying Text AnalysisDetailed Analysis What is the authors conclusion?Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart III: DiscussionFill in the blanks.1. Over the years, they have _ an ample amount of data.2. I cannot say _ how much the

41、 car will cost. It must be in the neighborhood of two hundred thousand. assembledfor certainText AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart III: Exercise (1)Translation1. 這些措施大大促進(jìn)了那個國家經(jīng)濟(jì)的復(fù)蘇。（contribute） These measures contributed greatly to the economic recovery of that country.2. 你認(rèn)為促使這個公司成功的主要因素是什么？ （contribute） What do you think are the main factors that contributed to the success of that company?Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart III: Exercise (2)Unit 1ReinforcementDiscussionYour College YearsLanguage1.What does the auth