將來時的表達(dá)方式

1、Unit 3 Travel Journal (Grammar)將來時的六種表達(dá)法1. will/ shall do (will可用于第一、二、三人稱，shall只用于第一人稱)(1) 這種將來意義常常夾雜著情態(tài)意義，即帶有說話人的主觀態(tài)度和看法。e.g. You will fail the test if you dont work hard.(2) 有時既表示將來，也含有“意愿”或“意圖”。e.g. I will meet you at 6 oclock.(3) 在疑問句中will/ shall還可用來征詢聽話人的“意圖”。e.g. Will you be at home at seven

2、this evening? - Will you marry me? - Yes, I will.2. be going to do(1) 表示“意圖”，即打算在將來做某事。e.g. Im going to play basketball after school. They are going to marry next month. Im going to be a doctor.(2) 表示“預(yù)見”，即現(xiàn)在已有跡象表明要發(fā)生某種情況。e.g. The sky is so dark. Its going to rain. will/ shall do和be going to do(1) 兩

3、者都可表示“意圖”，有時兩者可以互換使用。e.g. I wont tell him about it. = Im not going to tell him about it.(2) 表示“意圖”時，be going to do表示的“意圖”通常是事先經(jīng)過考慮的， 而will/ shall do所表示的“意圖”則是說話時臨時想到的，因此在某些特 定的語境中，兩者不可互換使用。e.g. - Im going to play basketball after school. - Really? I will go with you.3. be doing這一結(jié)構(gòu)的主要意義是表示按計劃、安排即將發(fā)生

4、的動作，常用于表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動詞，如：go, come, leave, start, arrive等，也可用于其它動態(tài)動詞。e.g. The plane is taking off at 5:30. How are you going there - by air or by train? be going to do和be doing(1) be going to do和be doing都可表示決定要做某事，兩者在某些語境中可以 互換使用。e.g. We are having fish for supper. = We are going to have fish for supper. W

5、e are leaving soon. = We are going to leave soon. <1> Im taking my students to the park on next Sunday. = Im going to take my students to the park on next Sunday.(2) 如果動詞為come或go，在表示將來時，常用be doing結(jié)構(gòu)。e.g. Were going to Shanghai next week. (to是介詞)4. be to do(1) 表示按計劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動作，常見于報紙和廣播，用以宣布官方 的計

6、劃或決定。e.g. The Queen is to visit Vietnam next month.(2) 表示命令、禁止（否定式）等。e.g. Since youve done something wrong, you are to stand here. If you are late, you are to stand outside the door. Tell her that she is not to be back late. be doing和be to do都可以表示按計劃、安排將要發(fā)生的事態(tài)，兩者常常 可互換，但be to do較常用于正式語體。5. be about

7、to do剛要做某事，正要做某事。表示非常近的將來，不與表將來的時間副詞連用。e.g. He is about to leave.注意：不可以說He is about to leave tomorrow. be about to dowhen：正要做，這時e.g. He was about to start when it rained. I was about to lock the door when the telephone rang.6. 一般現(xiàn)在時(1) 用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來時間，常見于條件狀語從句和時間狀語從句中。e.g. Ill tell her about it if she

8、comes. Ill give it to you after I return. Ill call you as soon as I arrive.(2) 在主句中用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來時間通常指按照時間表或既定日程一定 會發(fā)生的將來事態(tài)。e.g. Tomorrow is Sunday. She retires next year. When do you take your next exam? 一般現(xiàn)在時表將來時間所暗示的計劃比較客觀，因而更具有不可變易性， 而且一般現(xiàn)在時表將來時間在口氣上也比較正式。 <2>1. Ladies and gentlemen, please fa

9、sten your seat belts. The plane_. (2006全國高考題) A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off2. Are you still busy? (2005年浙江卷) Yes, I_ my work, and it wont take long.A. just finish B. am just finishing C. have just finished D. am just going to finish3. What would you do if it _ tomorrow?

10、(2005全國高考題)We have to carry it on, since weve got everything ready.A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining4. - Did you tell Julia about the result? -Oh, no, I forgot. I her now. (2005全國 III )A. will be calling B. will call C. call D. am to call5. Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasn'

11、t stopped ringing. People _to ask how I am going to spend the money. (2005湖南卷) A. phone B. will phone C. were phoning D. are phoning6. I will visit you if Father _ me.A. let B. lets C. is letting D. will let7. Look out! That tree _ fall down.A. is going to B. will be C. shall D. would8. My uncle _ t

12、o see me. He'll be here soon.A. comes B. is coming C. had come D. came9. " When _ school begin?"" Next Monday. "A. has B. does C. did D. is going to10. Every time I _ there, I will buy him something nice.A. went B. will go C. go D. have gone11. We won't go unless you _ so

13、on.A. had come B. came C. will come D. come12. The air liner from Beijing _ at 3:00 p.m.A. is about to arrive B. has arrived C. arrives D. is going to arrive13. I don't know when he _, but when he _, I'll let you know.A. will come/comes B. comes/will comeC. comes/comes D. will come/will come

14、14. -Did you write to Grace last summer?-No, but I'll _ her over Christmas vacation.A. be seenB. have seen C. be seeing D. to see15. -Im going to the States?-How long _ you_ in the States?A. are; stayed B. are; stayingC. have; stayed D. did; stay 16. Ive won a holiday for two weeks to Florida. I

15、 _ my mum.A. am taking B. have takenC. take D. will have taken <3>17. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy take because technology _ so rapidly.A. will change B. has changedC. will have changed D. is changing18. - Youve left the light on.-Oh, I have. _ and turn it off.A. I go B

16、. Ive goneC. Ill go D. Im going19. - Is this raincoat yours?.-No, mine_ there behind the door.A. is hanging B. has hungC. hangs D. hung 20. - Whats that terrible noise?-The neighbours_ for a party.A. have prepared B. are preparingC. prepare D. will prepare21. Because the shop _, all the T-shirts are

17、 sold at half prices.A. has closed down B. closed downC. is closing down D. had closed down22. - Can I join the club, Dad?- You can when you _ a bit old.A. get B. will get C. are getting D. will have got23. I feel it is your husband who _ for the spoiled child.A. is to blame B. is going to blame C.

18、is to be blamed D. should blame24. At this time tomorrow, _ over the Atlantic.A. were going to fly B. well be flying C. well fly D. were to fly25. -Are you still busy?- Yes, I my work, and it wont take long.A. just finish B. am just finishingC. have just finished D. am just going to finish26. -Did you tell Julia about the result?- Oh, no, I forgot. I _ her now.A. will be calling B. will callC. call D. am to call2