人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修5unit3 單詞講解

1、高中英語(yǔ)人教版新課標(biāo)必修五Unit 3 Life In The Future1.impress v.使銘記；使欽佩 impression n.(c)印象;感想；印記；印數(shù) The first impression of this book was sold very quickly so two more impressions were ordered. They produced a strong impression on me. The way he talks is really impressive have/make/leave a/an impression on sb. 給某

2、人留下 的印象 His speech left a deep impression on us. 他的演講給我們留下了深刻的印象。 (2) impress sth.on/upon sb. = impress sb.with/at/by sth. 某事/物給某人留下印象 sb be impressed by/with 被深深打動(dòng)/感動(dòng), 使印象深刻 (3)impressive adj.給人深刻印象的 an impressive scene一次難忘的場(chǎng)面 2.take up拿起；接受；開(kāi)始；繼續(xù)Take up your arms.拿起武器。Take up a challenge.接受挑戰(zhàn)。Take

3、 up a new job.開(kāi)始新工作。Take up the same story.繼續(xù)講同一個(gè)故事。Take up too much room/time.占據(jù)太多的空間或時(shí)間。take短語(yǔ)：take charge of 負(fù)責(zé)，主管take notice of 注意 take hold of 抓住take advantage of 利用 take care of 照顧take off 起飛，脫掉 ，事業(yè)騰飛take over 接管take on 呈現(xiàn)，雇傭take place 發(fā)生 take back收回（說(shuō)的話(huà)） take in 接受，理解，欺騙，吸收take away 拿走 take i

4、t easy （心理上）別著急take ones time （時(shí)間上）不著急慢慢來(lái) take part in 參加 take down 記下， 拆掉，take sth for granted 認(rèn)為某事理當(dāng)如此 3previous adj.在前的，早先的在前的，早先的1)(時(shí)間上時(shí)間上)稍前的稍前的We had met on a previous occasion.我們上次見(jiàn)過(guò)面。我們上次見(jiàn)過(guò)面。2)先前的，以往的先前的，以往的Applicants for the job must have previous experience.申請(qǐng)這份工作的人須先前有過(guò)這種工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)。申請(qǐng)這份工作的人須先前有

5、過(guò)這種工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 知識(shí)拓展知識(shí)拓展 1)previous to prep. 在前，在先，在在前，在先，在以前以前 I had collected material previous to writing. 我在寫(xiě)作以前先搜集了材料。我在寫(xiě)作以前先搜集了材料。 Previous to this, shed always been well. 這以前，她身體一向很好。這以前，她身體一向很好。2)previously adv. 以前，先前；預(yù)先以前，先前；預(yù)先I remember seeing him somewhere previously.我記得從前在什么地方見(jiàn)過(guò)他。我記得從前在什么地方見(jiàn)過(guò)他。

6、4guide1)n.（c）指導(dǎo)，向?qū)?，?dǎo)游）指導(dǎo)，向?qū)В瑢?dǎo)游We hired a local guide to get us across the mountains.我們雇了一名當(dāng)?shù)厝俗鱿驅(qū)ьI(lǐng)我們翻山越嶺。我們雇了一名當(dāng)?shù)厝俗鱿驅(qū)ьI(lǐng)我們翻山越嶺。 2)vt.帶領(lǐng)，指引，指導(dǎo)帶領(lǐng)，指引，指導(dǎo) She guided us through the busy street to the school. 她帶領(lǐng)我們穿過(guò)繁忙的大街去學(xué)校。她帶領(lǐng)我們穿過(guò)繁忙的大街去學(xué)校。 He was always guided by his religious beliefs. 他的言行總是以自己的宗教信仰為指導(dǎo)。

7、他的言行總是以自己的宗教信仰為指導(dǎo)。5surrounding1)n. pl.環(huán)境環(huán)境This hospital is in beautiful surroundings.這所醫(yī)院環(huán)境優(yōu)美。這所醫(yī)院環(huán)境優(yōu)美。2)adj. 周?chē)模浇闹車(chē)?，附近的The surrounding villages have been absorbed by/into the growing city.周?chē)拇迩f已經(jīng)并入了那不斷擴(kuò)展的城市。周?chē)拇迩f已經(jīng)并入了那不斷擴(kuò)展的城市。 surround vt. 圍繞，包圍圍繞，包圍be surrounded by. 由由圍著圍著/包圍包圍Trees surround t

8、he lake.The lake is surrounded by trees .湖的四周環(huán)繞著樹(shù)。湖的四周環(huán)繞著樹(shù)。詞語(yǔ)辨析詞語(yǔ)辨析surroundings, environment, circumstances這三個(gè)名詞均含這三個(gè)名詞均含“環(huán)境環(huán)境”之意。之意。1)surroundings指人所在的周?chē)貐^(qū)或事物；或指指人所在的周?chē)貐^(qū)或事物；或指圍繞著某物的周遭環(huán)境，注意是復(fù)數(shù)。圍繞著某物的周遭環(huán)境，注意是復(fù)數(shù)。2)environment指人與自然界生存的環(huán)境，或是指人與自然界生存的環(huán)境，或是指對(duì)人的感情、品德思想等產(chǎn)生影響的環(huán)境。指對(duì)人的感情、品德思想等產(chǎn)生影響的環(huán)境。Many peo

9、ple are concerned about the pollution of the environment.許多人都關(guān)心環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題。許多人都關(guān)心環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題。3)circumstances指人生存的客觀(guān)環(huán)境，還可以指人生存的客觀(guān)環(huán)境，還可以指指“境地；境遇境地；境遇”，尤其指經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況。，尤其指經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況。He was forced by circumstances to do this.他做這件事是為環(huán)境所迫。他做這件事是為環(huán)境所迫。6tolerate vt. 容忍，忍受容忍，忍受(n/doing)I dont know how you tolerate that noise!我不知道你

10、怎么能忍受那樣的噪音！我不知道你怎么能忍受那樣的噪音！We simply cannot tolerate cheating in exams.我們就是不能容許考試作弊行為我們就是不能容許考試作弊行為。1)tolerance n.(u) 容忍；容忍； n.(c,u)忍受力忍受力Many old people have a very limited tolerance to cold.許多老人耐寒能力有限。許多老人耐寒能力有限。 2)tolerant adj. 寬容的，容忍的寬容的，容忍的She is a tolerant mother.她是一位寬容的母親。她是一位寬容的母親。7lack vi,v

11、t 缺乏；沒(méi)有缺乏；沒(méi)有 n（c，u）缺乏；短缺的東西）缺乏；短缺的東西lacking adj.缺乏缺乏 be lacking in缺乏缺乏 for/through lack of因缺乏因缺乏 lack (for) nothing沒(méi)有欠缺沒(méi)有欠缺 I havent finished the painting for lack of time.由于時(shí)間不夠，我的畫(huà)還沒(méi)有完成。由于時(shí)間不夠，我的畫(huà)還沒(méi)有完成。They lacked for nothing.他們什么都不缺少。他們什么都不缺少。We are lacking in money.8adjustment n.(c,u)調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)I

12、ve made a few adjustments to the plan.我已對(duì)計(jì)劃作了幾處調(diào)整。我已對(duì)計(jì)劃作了幾處調(diào)整。adjust 1)vt.調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)This button is for adjusting the volume.這個(gè)鈕是調(diào)節(jié)音量的。這個(gè)鈕是調(diào)節(jié)音量的。2)vi.適應(yīng)，習(xí)慣適應(yīng)，習(xí)慣adjust to sth./adjust oneself to sth.使適應(yīng)使適應(yīng)Youll quickly adjust(yourself)to student life.你將很快適應(yīng)學(xué)生生活。你將很快適應(yīng)學(xué)生生活。9be back on ones feet(困境后困境后)恢

13、復(fù)，恢復(fù)，完全復(fù)原；完全復(fù)原；(病后病后)痊愈痊愈Shes back on her feet again after her operation.她手術(shù)后又恢復(fù)健康了。她手術(shù)后又恢復(fù)健康了。The new chairman hopes to get the company back on its feet within six months.新董事長(zhǎng)希望在六個(gè)月以?xún)?nèi)使公司恢復(fù)元?dú)?。新董事長(zhǎng)希望在六個(gè)月以?xún)?nèi)使公司恢復(fù)元?dú)狻?0press vi.vt按；壓；逼迫按；壓；逼迫 pressing adj.緊急的，緊迫的pressure n.壓力，壓強(qiáng) N（C)按；壓；印刷；新聞按；壓；印刷；新聞Pre

14、ss sb to do sth逼迫某人做某事逼迫某人做某事Press the buttons.按按鈕按按鈕 She pressed her face against the window.她把臉貼在窗戶(hù)上她把臉貼在窗戶(hù)上 He pressed his father to buy him a car.他逼著父親給他買(mǎi)一輛汽車(chē)。他逼著父親給他買(mǎi)一輛汽車(chē)。the Press 新聞新聞the freedom of the Press 新聞自由新聞自由11. lose sight of 看不見(jiàn)看不見(jiàn)Because of the thick fog we lost sight of the road in

15、 front of us.因?yàn)榇箪F我們看不見(jiàn)前面的因?yàn)榇箪F我們看不見(jiàn)前面的路。路。sight的短語(yǔ)的短語(yǔ) ：at first sight乍一看，初看時(shí)乍一看，初看時(shí)in the sight of sb.| in sbs sight從某人的觀(guān)點(diǎn)從某人的觀(guān)點(diǎn)看，在某人看來(lái)看，在某人看來(lái)at the sight of.一看見(jiàn)一看見(jiàn)就就 lose ones sight失明失明catch sight of看到；發(fā)現(xiàn)看到；發(fā)現(xiàn) Out of sight , out of mind.眼不見(jiàn)，心不煩。眼不見(jiàn)，心不煩。12sweep up打掃，橫掃打掃，橫掃swept , swept sweeping swee

16、psShe was left to sweep up after the party.聚會(huì)結(jié)束后她被留下來(lái)打掃。聚會(huì)結(jié)束后她被留下來(lái)打掃。The wind swept up the sand into a mound.風(fēng)把沙子吹攏成一個(gè)小丘。風(fēng)把沙子吹攏成一個(gè)小丘。13flash n. C閃光，閃光，(想法的想法的)突現(xiàn)突現(xiàn) vt.vi（使）閃光； （使）閃現(xiàn)Flashes of light were followed by an explosion.陣陣閃光后就是一聲爆炸的巨響陣陣閃光后就是一聲爆炸的巨響.A flash of grief came upon her when she hea

17、rd the news.她聽(tīng)到這消息時(shí)內(nèi)心感到一陣悲傷。她聽(tīng)到這消息時(shí)內(nèi)心感到一陣悲傷。The train flashed by at high speed.火車(chē)疾駛而過(guò)。火車(chē)疾駛而過(guò)。 A little light flashed on the wall.墻上的一個(gè)小燈亮了。墻上的一個(gè)小燈亮了。 常與常與flash構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)有：構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)有： a flash in the pan 曇花一現(xiàn)曇花一現(xiàn) in a flash 即刻，一瞬間即刻，一瞬間 as quickly as a flash 快如閃電般地快如閃電般地 flash by/past 一閃而過(guò)一閃而過(guò) flash upon(思想、意念

18、、回憶等思想、意念、回憶等)閃現(xiàn)心頭，閃現(xiàn)心頭，掠過(guò)心頭，忽然想起掠過(guò)心頭，忽然想起14. slide into（快捷而悄聲地）移動(dòng)；溜進(jìn) slid slid sliding slidesIts easy to slide into the bad habits like smoking and drinking,but its hard to quit .The thief slid into the room.小偷溜進(jìn)房間.15.optimistic adj. 樂(lè)觀(guān)(主義)的 optimist n.（c）樂(lè)觀(guān)主義者 optimism n.樂(lè)觀(guān)，樂(lè)觀(guān)主義 Those optimists ar

19、e optimistic about their future. be optimistic about對(duì)樂(lè)觀(guān)pessimistic adj. 悲觀(guān)(主義)的 pessimist n. （c）悲觀(guān)主義者 pessimism n.悲觀(guān)，悲觀(guān)主義 16.speed up加速Sped spedOnce these difficulties were got over, the work would speed up. 一旦克服了這些困難一旦克服了這些困難, 工作進(jìn)展就快了。工作進(jìn)展就快了。He pushed a lever that speeded up the car. 他掛擋加快了速度。17. desert n.(c,u) 沙漠；荒漠 vt. 拋棄;遺棄 注意：拼寫(xiě)相似的詞 dessert (飯后 的甜點(diǎn)心) 理解下列句子中desert的詞性和詞義。 Some rich husbands often desert their wives. vt. 拋棄 If you go to the countryside，you will find there are a lot of deserted houses. adj.廢棄的 Once an Arab