新教材人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修第二冊(cè)Unit4 History and Traditions課時(shí)檢測(cè)及單元測(cè)驗(yàn).docx

1、Unit 4 History and TraditionsPeriod 11Period 28Period 314Period 423單元素養(yǎng)檢測(cè)32Period 1I.閱讀理解ALajamanu is a dry town in Australia. Can you imagine how surprised people were when live fish rained down from a dark gray cloud? It happens that there are similar cases in England and Honduras.How do clouds ma

2、ke fish? The simple answer is that they dont. There is a particular weather phenomenon called a waterspout. A waterspout is just like a tornado, which only forms above oceans, lakes, or rivers. Like a tornado, a waterspout moves in a circle at high speeds. When it moves above the water, it tends to

3、carry the fish with it, as well as frogs or other small plants or animals.Scientists couldnt work it out at first. To make matters stranger still, the fish in Honduras were very much alive when they rained down to the ground, but they were all blind. In England and Australia, it rained fish and snak

4、es, and none were blind. It was difficult to puzzle out, but the blind fish gave them a place to start.Scientists knew that some fish that lived in deep, underground caves with no light sources often lost their eyesight. So when blind fish rained down on Honduras, scientists began to connect some do

5、ts. Clearly, these particular fish were pulled from an underground water source by force.A. A science fiction novel.C. A news report.B. A travelling brochure.D. A sports magazine.【解析】選Bo推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容推斷，這個(gè)旅游景點(diǎn)的介紹應(yīng) 該出自B旅行手冊(cè)。A為科幻小說(shuō),C為新聞報(bào)道，D為運(yùn)動(dòng)雜志。Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821, and moved

6、 to New York City when she was ten years old. One day she decided that she wanted to become a doctor. That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century. After writing many letters asking for admission（錄取）to medical schools, she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philade

7、lphia. She was so determined that she taught school and gave music lessons to get money for the cost of schooling. In 1849, after graduation from medical school, She decided to further her education in Paris. She wanted to be a surgeon（夕卜科醫(yī)師）， but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea

8、.Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to start her own practice because she was a woman. By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children. Besides being the first woman physician

9、and founding her own hospital, she also set up the first medical school for women.【語(yǔ)篇概述】本文是一篇人物傳記類(lèi)記敘文。介紹了出生于英國(guó)的傳奇女 性伊麗莎白布萊克威爾的事跡。4. Why couldnt Elizabeth Blackwell realize her dream of becoming a surgeon?A. She couldnt get admitted to medical school.B. She decided to further her education in Paris.C

10、. A serious eye problem stopped her.D. It was difficult for her to start a practice in the United States.【解析】選Co細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句中的“a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea”得知答案為C, 一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的眼睛問(wèn)題導(dǎo)致她不 能成為一名外科醫(yī)師。5. What main obstacle（障礙）almost destroyed Elizabeths chances fbr becoming a doctor?A.

11、 She was a woman.B. She wrote too many letters.C. She couldnt graduate from medical school.D. She couldnt set up her hospital.【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century.及第二段第一句 “Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to st

12、art her own practice because she was a woman.得知，她的性別成為了她當(dāng)醫(yī)生的障礙。6. How many years passed between her graduation from medical school and the opening of her hospital?A. Eight years.B. Ten years.C. Nineteen years. D. Thirty-six years.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章信息Tn 1849, after graduation from medical school及By 18

13、57 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital”得知，中間間 隔八年。7. Elizabeth Blackwell spent most of her life in.A. EnglandB. ParisC. the United States D. New York City【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句moved to New York City when she was ten years old”得知她在

14、十歲時(shí)搬去了美國(guó)紐約；第二段第一句 Upon returning to the United States得知她學(xué)成后回到美國(guó)發(fā)展事業(yè)，因此 可以推斷，她的一生大部分時(shí)間都是在美國(guó)度過(guò)的。II.完形填空It was Toms first visit to England, and he was looking forward to his first journey on Londons Underground Railway. And against his friends 1 he was determined to travel alone. He entered the station

15、 shortly after five oclock in the afternoon. This is a 2 time to travel in London, _3 crowds of people go home from work at this hour. He 4 to join a long line of people waiting for tickets. When at last his 5 came, he had some difficulty in making himself understood by the ticket seller. However, h

16、e got the right ticket in the end and by asking people the 6 , he also found the right platform. It was 7 with people. He did not 8 to get on the first train, but he was able to move nearer to the platform so as to be in a better position to get on the next one. When this train came in, Tom was _9 f

17、orward onto the train by the 1() of people from behind. The doors closed and the train moved off. He was unable to see the 11 of the stations where the train stopped, but he knew that the station he wanted was the sixth 12 along the line. When the train reached the sixth station, Tom got off, feelin

18、g 13 that his journey had been so easy. But he suddenly realized that he had come to a station he had never 14 of. He explained his 15 to a man who was standing on the platform. With a smile on his face, he told Tom that he had caught a train going in the opposite direction.【語(yǔ)篇概述】文章介紹了一個(gè)由于匆忙而坐錯(cuò)車(chē)的故事。

19、1. A. thoughtB. advice C. relation D. favor【解析】選B。against ones advice沒(méi)有聽(tīng)取某人的建議，根據(jù)上下文，他 沒(méi)有聽(tīng)從朋友的建議，跟他們一起出門(mén)。2. A. shortB. certainC. possibleD. bad解析】選 Do 根據(jù)下文“crowds of people go home from work at this hour,這個(gè)時(shí)間正是人們下班回家的高峰，因此不是旅游的好時(shí)間。3. A. forB. andC. soD. but【解析】選A。本分句解釋上一分句的原因。for因?yàn)椤?. A. plannedB. h

20、adC. happenedD. hoped【解析】選B。have to do不得不做5. A. luckB. timeC.chanceD. turn【解析】選D。根據(jù)上下文，輪到他買(mǎi)票了。6. A. questionB. wayC. placeD. condition【解析】選B。通過(guò)問(wèn)路，他找到了站臺(tái)，way路。7. A. packedB.caughtC. coveredD. seized【解析】選A。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，站臺(tái)上滿(mǎn)是人,pack充滿(mǎn)。8. A. manageB. tryC. agreeD. expect【解析】選A。manage to do設(shè)法做成，他沒(méi)能上去第一班車(chē)。9. A. fo

21、ughtB. sweptC. drawnD. brought【解析】選Bo他被人流推擠到了車(chē)上,sweep橫掃，形容人多擁擠的樣子。10. A. speedB. support C. strikeD. push【解析】選D?！皃eople from behind”后面的人們應(yīng)該是往前推(push)。11. A. signsB. pointsC. namesD. numbers【解析】選C。他看不到車(chē)站的名字，name名字。12. A. partB. pauseC. stopD. arrived【解析】選C。根據(jù)上下文，他知道自己在第六站下車(chē)，stop車(chē)站。13. A. gladB. sickC

22、. sorry D. tired【解析】選A。該下車(chē)了，順利到達(dá)，他的心情應(yīng)該是高興的，glad高興的。14. A. heardB. talkedC. thoughtD. missed【解析】選A。他突然發(fā)現(xiàn)，他到了一個(gè)之前從來(lái)沒(méi)有聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)的車(chē)站,hear of聽(tīng)說(shuō)。15. A. resultB. mistake C. difficulty D. ticket【解析】選C。根據(jù)上下文，他向站臺(tái)上的人求助，應(yīng)該是說(shuō)出他的“困難。Period 3Before the print was brought to England in 1476, everything was written by han

23、d. The few people who knew how to write were trained in schools set up by the church. Those who made a living by writing for other people were called scribes.The work of scribes was not easy. Much of it had to be done fast in order to meet the needs of the King, the church and traders. Most of the w

24、riting was in Latin, but some of it was in English of the day. No one was quite sure how some English words should be spelled.One problem was that several letters were written with short vertical stroke that all looked like each other. Among them were the letters “iuvm and “n. Thus, five straight li

25、nes in a row might stand for “uni nui uvi or mii”. As a result, reading was sometimes difficult, especially when the writing was done in a hurry.The scribes solved the problem in part, by changing the letter u to o” when it came before m” n” or v. This is how sum and cum became to be written as some

26、 and come.At some point too, the scribes seemed to have decided that no English word should be ended by u” or v”. Thus, in time an e” was added to such words as live have” due” and true”. It was added, but not pronounced.【語(yǔ)篇概述】在印刷術(shù)傳入歐洲之前，英國(guó)歷史上存在一類(lèi)人以抄寫(xiě) 為生的抄寫(xiě)員。本篇介紹了抄寫(xiě)員在歷史上的角色與作用。1. Which of the follow

27、ing is true according to the passage?A. Everything has been written by hand in English since 1476.B. More than 50（） years ago no one made a living by writing for other people.C. The church set up schools to train scribes before 1476.D. Scribes in England worked only for kings and traders.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解

28、題。根據(jù)第一段第二句The few people who knew how to write were trained in schools set up by the church.（少數(shù)知道怎么書(shū) 寫(xiě)的人在由教堂建立的學(xué)校里接受訓(xùn)練。）得知正確答案為Co2. Sometimes people couldnt read easily.A. because there were too many u” and v in some English wordsB. because most of the writing was in LatinC. when the writing was in

29、EnglishD. when the writing was done hurriedly解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“As a result, reading was sometimes difficult, especially when the writing was done in a hurry. （2吉果, 閱讀有時(shí)很難，尤其是當(dāng)人們匆忙地寫(xiě)下東西時(shí)。）得知正確答案為D。in a hurry=hurriedly急匆匆地，匆忙地。3. The scribes changed u” before m to o” because.A. the change helped t

30、hem write fasterB. the change made reading easierC. um and om had the same pronunciationD. om was the right order【解析】選B o推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句中的“reading was sometimes difficult” 以及第四段第一句The scribes solved the problem in part, by changing the letter tu, to o when it came before mn or v”可以 得出一個(gè)結(jié)論，抄寫(xiě)員做出的這種改變

31、解決了閱讀困難的問(wèn)題，即讓閱讀 變得更容易，因此答案為Bo4. It is believed that some scribes thought.A. it important to add an e” to every English wordB. the letter c at the end of any word shouldnt be pronouncedC. it natural to change the spelling of some Latin wordsD. an English word should be ended neither by u nor by v【解析】

32、選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句中的the scribes seemed to have decided that no English word should be ended by u” orv（抄寫(xiě)員似乎 決定了這樣一個(gè)事情:英語(yǔ)單詞不應(yīng)該以字母u或字母v結(jié)尾）得出答案為DoEnglish kids talk about LiverpooPs soccer team in a Paris pub. Some Parisians have even started to go to work in London. In the 19th century, Dickens compare

33、d the two great rival cities, London and Paris, in A Tale of 7ko Cities. These days, it might be A Tale of One City.As jobs grew lack at home over recent years, manyFrenchmen moved across the Channel. With an undersea tunnel, they could travel between cities in three hours.Paris, rich in beauty, is

34、more attractive. But you might get more fun in London until the pubs shut down. In fact, London and Paris, with their obvious new similarities, are beyond the old descriptions. As the European Union gradually loosened controls, Londoners flocked into Paris to shop, eat and buy property.Both cities h

35、ave changed beyond recognition. said Larry, a writer and sometimes a Londoner. Like most people who know both well, he finds the two now fit together comfortably. first fell in love with Paris in the 1950s, and it is still a wonderful place, Collins said. But if I had to choose, it would be London.

36、Things are so much more ordered, and life is better. But certainly not cheaper. In fancy parts of London, rents can be twice those on Avenue Foch in Paris.Many young people are happy to be close enough so they dont have to choose. 4tI love Paris, my little neighborhood, but life is so structured, sh

37、e said. In London, you can be who you want. No one cares.【語(yǔ)篇概述】狄更斯的雙城記，讓我們看到了倫敦和巴黎兩個(gè)城市的 動(dòng)蕩和故事，那么現(xiàn)在這兩個(gè)城市之間又上演著怎樣的故事呢?本文給出 了答案。5. The best title for this passage is.A. Londoners and ParisiansB. A Modern Tale of Two CitiesC. The Similarity of Two CitiesD. Fancy London and Fashionable Paris【解析】選B。主旨大意題。

38、根據(jù)第一段導(dǎo)入中的最后一句話(huà)“Thesedays, it might be A Tale of One City. 如今，這或許是關(guān)于一個(gè)城市的故事了。） 以及下文對(duì)兩個(gè)城市之間密切交流與關(guān)聯(lián)的描述，確定文章的主旨為介紹 兩個(gè)城市現(xiàn)代的故事，因此，答案為B。6. We can infer from the text.A. Paris and London have become perfect partnersB. London offers more funC. life in Paris is structuredD. Paris and London have become fierce

39、 competitors【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段umany Frenchmen moved across the Channel、很多法國(guó)人去倫敦工作），第三段Londoners flocked into Paris to shop, eat and buy property.（倫敦人到巴黎去購(gòu)物，吃，買(mǎi)房子）以及第 四段“the two now fit together comfortably，兩個(gè)城市舒適地融合在了 一起） 可以推斷出兩個(gè)城市現(xiàn)在是密切的伙伴關(guān)系。故答案為A。7. The underlined word flocked probably means.A. cam

40、e in large numbersB. flew a long wayC. rushed hurriedlyD. drove long distances【解析】選Ao詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上下文，兩個(gè)城市的交流越來(lái)越多，隨 著歐盟逐漸放寬限制，越來(lái)越多的倫敦人到巴黎去。故答案為A。8. Living in Paris, you may find.A. life is betterB. things are cheaperC. more attractive peopleD. a job easily解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句話(huà)“In fancy parts of London,

41、rents can be twice those on Avenue Foch in Paris.（在倫敦較好的地段，租金 是巴黎的弗什大道的兩倍。）可以看出，倫敦的消費(fèi)比巴黎的高，反之，巴 黎的消費(fèi)比倫敦低，因此答案為B。II.完形填空A young girl is smiling at me from a picture frame on my desk as I writethis. She is my child I sponsored from the Philippines. Even though I have never met her in person, she has f

42、ound a special place in my heart. It doesnt 2 me much to help her, about a dollar a day. 3 , millions of people in this world live on less. The 4 that helping her gives me, however, is beyond 5 . It connects me to her, to life, and to love.1 can still 6 the first time that I decided to help a child

43、overseas. It was many years ago. I was only a teenager myself and had a little extra _7 each month. I didnt feel like buying anything, though. We had _8 everything we had in a house fire a few years before. 9 that had taught me a lot. I had learned that I didnt need a lot of stuff to be happy. I had

44、 also read a lot about the 10 of children in poor countries around the world. It seemed like a far better thing then to give what I could to help them. With my moms love and 11 I soon found a few organizations like Children International that were 12 others around the world. It felt so good being ab

45、le to reach out and help another 13 . It felt so good being able to make even one life better. I could feel the compassion and 14 growing within me and beginning to change me.Empathy （同情）does change us. It helps us to love, to be kind, and to make this world a 15 place.【語(yǔ)篇概述】本文作者通過(guò)講述自己資助外國(guó)小孩兒的故事，說(shuō)明了

46、這樣 一個(gè)道理:同情心幫助我們?nèi)?ài)別人，讓我們變得更加善良，同時(shí)也會(huì)讓這 個(gè)世界變得更加美好。1. A. even B. onceC. still D. seldom【解析】選Bo在我寫(xiě)這篇文章的時(shí)候，我桌上相框中的小女孩正朝著我 微笑。她正是我曾經(jīng)資助過(guò)的來(lái)自菲律賓的小孩。even甚至，once曾經(jīng), still 仍然，seldom 很少。2. A. matter B. wasteC. costD.saveHistorically, villagers thought the fishes from the heavens, might be answers to prayers for f

47、ood. But in 1990, a group of scientists in England happened to record what was happening when it rained fish from the sky and finally proved the fact of rains of fish. This huge breakthrough changed legends into true stories and provided scientific explanations for how fish came to live in deep cave

48、s.【語(yǔ)篇概述】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章解釋了神奇的天氣狀況:“雨中下活 魚(yú)“盲魚(yú)”讓科學(xué)家們開(kāi)始認(rèn)為龍卷風(fēng)理論似乎更有可能?？茖W(xué)家目擊 天上下“魚(yú)雨”更是把神話(huà)傳說(shuō)變成了真實(shí)的故事，同時(shí)為魚(yú)如何生活在深 海洞穴里提供了科學(xué)的解釋。1. According to the passage, a waterspout.A. can make animals blindB. is difficult to catch on filmC. can carry items with itD. is a dangerous sea creature【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段+ When it mo

49、ves above the water, it tends to carry the fish with it, as well as frogs or other small plants or animals. （當(dāng)它移動(dòng)到水上，它可能會(huì)卷起一些魚(yú)、青蛙，或者其他小的動(dòng)植物。） 可知，水上龍卷風(fēng)可能會(huì)卷起一些物品。故選C。2. The blind fish made the scientists start to think that.A. raining fish was a warning of natural disastersB. animals changed to match

50、their environmentsC. the weather system differed from place to placeD. the waterspout theory seemed more possible【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句44It was difficult to puzzle out, but the blind fish gave them a place to start.可知，盲魚(yú)讓科學(xué)家們開(kāi):解析】選C。根據(jù)下文“about a dollar a day可知我資助小女孩，每天大約一美元，花費(fèi)的并不多。matter有關(guān)系，waste浪費(fèi)，

51、cost花費(fèi)，save 節(jié)省。3. A. ThereforeB. BesidesC. OtherwiseD. However【解析】選D。但是世界上還有成千上萬(wàn)的人每天花費(fèi)不到一美元。根據(jù) 句意可知，上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。Therefore因此，Besides此外，Otherwise 否則，However然而。4. A. wealthB. anxietyC. challengeD. joy【解析】選D。我自愿幫助她，幫助她給我?guī)?lái)了快樂(lè)。wealth財(cái)富, anxiety 焦慮，challenge 挑戰(zhàn)，joy 快樂(lè)。5. A. imaginationC. priceB. complaintD.

52、reach【解析】選C。幫助她給我?guī)?lái)的快樂(lè)是無(wú)價(jià)的。beyond price無(wú)價(jià)的，寶 貴的。6. A. rememberB. doubtC. admitD. realize【解析】選Ao我仍然記得我第一次決定幫助一個(gè)外國(guó)孩子的情形。remember 記得，doubt懷疑，admit承認(rèn)，realize意識(shí)到。7. A. moneyB. timeC. energyD. labor【解析】選A。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，很多年前，我年少時(shí)，每月會(huì)有一點(diǎn)額外的 零花錢(qián)。money錢(qián),time時(shí)間,energy精力,labor勞動(dòng)。8. A. storedB. foundC. lostD. searched【

53、解析】選C。幾年前家里著火，我們失去了一切o stored儲(chǔ)存，found找到，lost失去,searched尋找。9. A. Putting asideB. Taking onC. Paying forD. Going through【解析】選D。經(jīng)歷了那件事讓我學(xué)會(huì)了很多。putting aside儲(chǔ)備，takingon 呈現(xiàn)，paying for 為付錢(qián)，going through 經(jīng)歷。10. A. educationB. suffering C. taleD. anger解析】選 B。根據(jù)后文“children in poor countries around the world”可

54、知，我 也了解到了世界上生活在貧窮國(guó)家中的孩子所遭遇的不幸oeducation教育, suffering 受難，tale 故事，anger 憤怒。11. A. courageB. beliefC. support D.faith【解析】選C。在母親的愛(ài)與支持下，我很快找到了國(guó)際兒童組織等類(lèi)似 的一些組織。courage勇氣，belief信仰，support支持，faith信念。12. A. treatingB. praisingC. honoring D. serving【解析】選D。前文提到:我通過(guò)捐贈(zèng)來(lái)幫助他們?？芍艺业降倪@些組織 是為全世界人們服務(wù)的。treating對(duì)待，praisi

55、ng贊美，honoring尊敬， serving 服務(wù)。13. A. in needB. in peace C. in fearD. in silence【解析】選A。能夠伸出援手幫助有需要的人，讓自己感覺(jué)很好。in need 固定短語(yǔ)。14. A. relief B. empathy C. easeD. guilty【解析】選Bo我可以感受到自己的同情和憐憫之心正在慢慢改變著自己。 relief安慰,empathy同情，ease舒適,guilty有罪的。15. A. biggerB. safer C. smallerD. better【解析】選D。同情心幫助我們?nèi)?ài)別人，讓我們變得更加善良，

56、同時(shí)也會(huì)讓這個(gè)世界變得更加美好。III. 語(yǔ)法填空There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(醫(yī)學(xué)界)1. as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side2. effects(effect) such as overweight and heart

57、 diseasethe very thing the medical community was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 3. to process(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 4. areremoved(remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 5. a result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 6. worse(bad), the amount of fast food