高一英語英語必修3Unit1語法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

1、Modal Verbs Modal Verbs Unit 1Unit 12022年4月7日星期四2情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說話人的某種情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說話人的某種感情或語氣，對(duì)某一動(dòng)作感情或語氣，對(duì)某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的某種態(tài)度?；驙顟B(tài)的某種態(tài)度。表示表示“需要、可以、需要、可以、必須、應(yīng)當(dāng)必須、應(yīng)當(dāng)”等。等。 什么是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞？什么是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞？ (Modal Verbs)(Modal Verbs)can/could, may/might, must/ have to, shall/should (ought to), will/would need, dare/dared2022年4月7日星期四3情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)：1

2、.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞自身都有一定的意義，但不能表示正在發(fā)生或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情，只表示期待或估計(jì)某事發(fā)生。2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞除ought和have外，后面必須接不帶to的不定式。3.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化,也沒有非謂語形式。2022年4月7日星期四4 1. can的主要用法是： A. 表能力 eg. The girl can dance very well. be able to 通過努力做成某事 He was able to reach Mount Qomolangma in 2000. B. 表示說話者的推測(cè)事物的可能性:(否、疑） eg. Can the news be true? C. 在口語中, c

3、an可以表示請(qǐng)求或允許： eg. Can I sit here? 1. can和could2022年4月7日星期四52. could的主要用法是： A. could 是can的過去式, 表示與過去 有關(guān)的能力和推測(cè): We all knew that the young man couldnt be a doctor. B. could可以代替can表示請(qǐng)求, 但語氣較can客氣、委婉:could 提問，答語用can -Could I borrow your pen?-yes, you can.2022年4月7日星期四6may 常用來表示： 1. 在正式文體中表示請(qǐng)求、允許（比can正式）：:

4、 eg. May I come in ? You may go now. 2. 表示說話人的猜測(cè): “也許” “可能”: 通常只用于肯定句和否定句中。The guest may arrive this afternoon.-Can he attend the meeting?-Yes, he_. I am not sure.2.may和mightmay2022年4月7日星期四73. 表示祝愿,位于句首 eg. May you succeed! May you have a good journey! 4. may as well=had better do (最好做某事） Youd bette

5、r take notes carefully. You may as well take notes carefully. 2022年4月7日星期四83.will和wouldwill是助動(dòng)詞還是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞？ will用于構(gòu)成將來時(shí)是助動(dòng)詞。 eg. I will tell you something important. 我要告訴你一件重要的事情。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：1.表意愿或意志 I will never do it again. If you will marry me, whatever I have is yours, and mines is yours.2022年4月7日星期四9 2.提出

6、 請(qǐng)求或建議 ,在疑問句中用于第二人稱。 eg: If you want help, let me know, will you? Will you type this, please? 祈使句問句與答語一般用will Open the door, will you? - Please come to my party. - Yes, I will3. 表習(xí)慣或必然結(jié)果 Fish will die without water. I will go to see my former classmates on weekends. 2022年4月7日星期四10would & used to

7、 (過去常常，習(xí)慣于）would 現(xiàn)在有可能做，也有可能不做used to 現(xiàn)在一定沒有做There used to be a big tree.I would go to the library when I was free.I _ to cry when I was a child.used to2022年4月7日星期四114.shall和should shall 用法 1. shall表征求意見，用于一三人稱 疑問句中 Shall we go by train, Mom? Shall he attend the meeting?2.用于二 三人稱 的陳述句中，表威脅警告命令允諾等語氣

8、You shall get a present when I came back. You shall be punished if you break the rules.2022年4月7日星期四12should 用法用法1.應(yīng)該應(yīng)該=ought to You should study hard.2. 表萬一，多位于句首。表萬一，多位于句首。 Should he come, I would let you know.3. “居然居然”，“竟然竟然”,表說話人意料之外。表說話人意料之外。 針對(duì)現(xiàn)在針對(duì)現(xiàn)在- + V原原 針對(duì)過去針對(duì)過去- should have done To my surp

9、rise, he should be a thief. He should have lied to me yesterday.2022年4月7日星期四135.must的主要用法1. 必須。must表主觀“必須” have to 表客觀“不得不” I must go home this Saturday. Ive got a cold, so I have to see a doctor. -Must I stay here? -Yes, you must./ No, you neednt./you dont have to.mustnt 表禁止，不準(zhǔn)，一定不要。 You mustnt pla

10、y with fire. You mustnt take drugs. 2022年4月7日星期四142. 表“偏要”“偏偏”，違背說話人意愿。 Must you talk in class? -How much do you earn? -Ill tell you if you must know it. 3. 一定，肯定 He must be crazy. He must have stayed up last night.4. 表推測(cè)的反應(yīng)，反義疑問句中不能出現(xiàn)must的形式，反義形式取決于句中時(shí)態(tài)2022年4月7日星期四151.He must be my English teacher,

11、2. He must have finished his homework,3. It must have rained yesterday,isnt he?hasnt he?didnt it?2022年4月7日星期四16表示推測(cè)表示推測(cè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的重要用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的重要用法肯定的推測(cè)肯定的推測(cè)可能的推測(cè)可能的推測(cè)否定的推測(cè)否定的推測(cè)疑問的推測(cè)疑問的推測(cè)must 對(duì)將來對(duì)將來 對(duì)現(xiàn)在對(duì)現(xiàn)在 對(duì)過去對(duì)過去情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may, might cant, couldntcan, could + V. + V. + have done常見常見must be + be doing + V. + V. +

12、 have done + be doing 可以用可以用not表示表示“可能不可能不” +V. + V. + have done + be doing+ V. + V. + have done + be doing2022年4月7日星期四17Practice :表示推測(cè)表示推測(cè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的重要用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的重要用法1. You must be Mr Smith-I was told to expect you here.2. He must have known what we wanted.3. We may have read the same report.4. He cant have

13、slept through all that noise.5. Theres someone outside-who can it be?6. What can they be doing?7. These pills might help to cure your disease.8. You could be right, I suppose.2022年4月7日星期四18 1. I dont know where she is, she _ be in Wuhan. 2. At this moment, our teacher _ our exam papers. 這時(shí)這時(shí), 我們老師想必

14、在批改試卷。我們老師想必在批改試卷。 3. The road is wet. It _ last night. (rain) 4. Your mother _ for you. 你媽媽一定一直在找你。你媽媽一定一直在找你。5. Mike _ his car, for he came to work by bus this morning.邁克一定還沒有找回他的車邁克一定還沒有找回他的車, 因?yàn)樵缟纤且驗(yàn)樵缟纤?坐公共汽車來上班的。坐公共汽車來上班的。maymust be markingmust have rainedmust have been lookingPractice 2: Fil

15、l in the blanks. cant have found2022年4月7日星期四19need & dare (dared)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 ：need/dare do sthneed/dare not do sth 實(shí)意動(dòng)詞： need/dare to do sthdont/doesnt/didnt dare to do sth（無單三形式）2022年4月7日星期四201.Being afraid of making mistakes ,he _ answer his teachers question A. doesnt dare B. doesnt dare to C. daren

16、t to D. not dare to 2.Having failed the exam. The little boy _go home and face his mom. A. dares not to B. dares not C. dare not to D. dare not 2022年4月7日星期四21情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done should/ought to have doneshouldnt have donemust have donecant/couldnt have donecould have doneneed have doneneednt have done(針對(duì)

17、過去）2022年4月7日星期四22 1 Children under 12 years of age in that country _ be under adult supervision when in a public library. (2004 上海） A. must B. may C. can D. need2022年4月7日星期四232 Some aspects of a pilots job_ be boring, and pilots often _ work at inconvenient hours. （2006 湖南） A. can；have to B. may；can

18、 C. have to; may D. ought to; must 2022年4月7日星期四243The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I _ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. (2006 江西） A should have taken B could have taken C neednt have taken D mustnt have taken2022年4月7日星期四254 Hows your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?

19、It _ be, but it is now heavily polluted. （2007 全國I） A. will B. would C. should D. must 2022年4月7日星期四265 I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I have driven her there. （2007 陜西） A. could B. must C. might D. should2022年4月7日星期四277. (10湖南湖南23) You _ buy a gift, but you can if you want t

20、o.A. must B. mustnt C. have to D. dont have to8. (10江西江西23) I have told you the truth. _ I keep repeating it?A. Must B. Can C. May D. Will DA2022年4月7日星期四289. Its the office! So you _ know eating is not allowed here. Oh, sorry. (2009湖南卷湖南卷) A. must B. will C. may D. need10. What do you mean, there ar

21、e only ten tickets? There _ be twelve. (2009 全國卷全國卷I) A. should B. would C. will D. shallAA2022年4月7日星期四2911. I cant leave. She told me that I _ stay here until she comes back. (2009 全國卷全國卷II) A. can B. must C. will D. may12. He must be helping the old man to water the flowers, _? (2009 陜西卷陜西卷) A. is

22、 he B. isnt he C. must he D. mustnt heBB2022年4月7日星期四3013. - Will you go skating with me this winter vacation? - It _ . (2002上海) A. all depended B. all depends C. is all depended D. is all depending解析解析: : 答案答案B B。It all depends 是是“不確定不確定”、“看情況看情況”的意思。的意思。B2022年4月7日星期四31根據(jù)漢語完成句子。根據(jù)漢語完成句子。 1. A: _(我可以

23、跟朋友 去) to the harvest festival? B: Yes, you may.2. A: If I want to be a doctor, _ _ (我應(yīng)該學(xué)理科嗎)? B: I think so. May I go with friendsshould I studyscience 2022年4月7日星期四32 3. I dont know where she is, she _ _ (可能在武漢). 4. At this moment, our teacher _ (想必在批改) our exam papers. 5. The road is wet. It _ (肯定

24、下雨了) last night. 6. Your mother _ _ (一定一直在找你).maymust be markingmust have rainedmust have been lookingbe in Wuhanfor you2022年4月7日星期四337. Philip _ _(可能在車 禍中受了重傷). 8. -Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here. -She _ (可能上班) by bus.9. Mike _ (一定還沒有找回) his car, for he came to work by bus th

25、is morning.may (might) have been hurtmay (might) have gonecant have foundseriously in the car accident2022年4月7日星期四342022年4月7日星期四35情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說話人的某種情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說話人的某種感情或語氣，對(duì)某一動(dòng)作感情或語氣，對(duì)某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的某種態(tài)度。或狀態(tài)的某種態(tài)度。表示表示“需要、可以、需要、可以、必須、應(yīng)當(dāng)必須、應(yīng)當(dāng)”等。等。 什么是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞？什么是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞？ (Modal Verbs)(Modal Verbs)can/could, may/might, must/ have to, shall/should (ought to), will/would need, dare/dared2022年4月7日星期四36情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)：1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞自身都有一定的意義，但不能表示正在發(fā)生或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情，只表示期待或估計(jì)某事發(fā)生。2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞除ought和have外，后面必須接不帶to的不定式。3.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化,也沒有非謂語形式。