人教版英語(yǔ)必修一 Unit4-Period2-language points

1、21._ vi.& n.爆裂，破裂爆裂，破裂2._ n.& vt.廢墟，毀滅廢墟，毀滅3._ n. 苦難，痛苦苦難，痛苦4._ vt. 損害，傷害損害，傷害5._ vt. 毀壞；破壞；消滅毀壞；破壞；消滅6._ v.& n.(使使)震驚震驚burstruinsufferinginjuredestroyshock 37._ vt. 營(yíng)救；援救營(yíng)救；援救8._vt.& n.使陷入，使陷入， 困境困境 9._ vt. 埋葬，掩埋，隱藏埋葬，掩埋，隱藏10._ vt. 使驚嚇，嚇唬使驚嚇，嚇唬11.earthquake n._12.extreme adj. _13.tr

2、ack n. _軌道，足跡，痕跡軌道，足跡，痕跡 rescuetrap buryfrighten地震地震極度的極度的414.electricity n. _15.shelter n. _16.damage n.& v. _17.judge n.& v. _18.express vt.& n. _19.outline n. _20.congratulation n._祝賀祝賀電，電學(xué)電，電學(xué)掩蔽，掩蔽處，避身處掩蔽，掩蔽處，避身處損失，損害損失，損害斷定，判決，法官斷定，判決，法官表達(dá)，表示，快車，速遞表達(dá)，表示，快車，速遞要點(diǎn)，大綱，輪廓要點(diǎn)，大綱，輪廓5Paragra

3、ph 1 (Line2)1. For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell.翻譯：翻譯：三天來(lái)，村子三天來(lái)，村子的水井中的的水井中的水位升升水位升升落落落落不停不停。7 rise (rose, risen) n.上升上升, 增加增加, 上漲上漲, 發(fā)生發(fā)生, 出現(xiàn)出現(xiàn)vi.升起升起, 起身起身, 高聳高聳, 增長(zhǎng)增長(zhǎng), 上升上升1. Everyone knows that the sun rises in the east.2. He rose from his chair when the

4、 door bell rang.3. Prices continue to rise. rise: 升起升起; 上升上升; 上漲上漲 不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞(不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)) raise: 舉起舉起; 使升起使升起; 提高提高;養(yǎng)育養(yǎng)育 飼養(yǎng)飼養(yǎng) 及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞(可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))The price of tomatoes has _(rise, raise) recently.The price of the tomatoes has been _ (rise, raise)recently.He _ (rise, raise)the child from th

5、e ground.The child _(rise, raise) from the ground.risenraisedraisedrose2. A smelly gas came out of the cracks.翻譯：翻譯：發(fā)臭發(fā)臭的的氣體從氣體從裂縫中冒出來(lái)。裂縫中冒出來(lái)。10Paragraph1 (Line3)smelly adj.有臭味有臭味的的擴(kuò)展擴(kuò)展: n.+y構(gòu)成形容詞構(gòu)成形容詞sun- sunny blood- bloody（血腥的）（血腥的）wind-windy mud- muddy（泥濘的）（泥濘的）cloud- cloudy taste- tasty（美味（美味的的

6、）ice-icy rain- rainy fog-foggy fat- fatty（油膩的）（油膩的） dream- dreamy（如夢(mèng)如幻的）（如夢(mèng)如幻的） greed- greedy（貪婪的）（貪婪的）3. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.翻譯：翻譯：在在城城市里，有些市里，有些建筑物里的建筑物里的水管水管出現(xiàn)出現(xiàn)裂縫或者裂縫或者破裂。破裂。12Paragraph 1 (Line7)burst (burst, burst) (1) n. 突發(fā)，爆發(fā)突發(fā)，爆發(fā)(2) v.爆裂，脹開(kāi)；突然闖入，強(qiáng)

7、行進(jìn)入爆裂，脹開(kāi)；突然闖入，強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入burst into sth (tears/laughter) 突然突然burst out doing (crying/laughing) 突然突然burst in/into 闖進(jìn)，突然破門而入闖進(jìn)，突然破門而入 e.g. The house burst into flames. The man burst into the room.Paragraph 1(Line8)4.But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as us

8、ual that night.翻譯翻譯14think little/much of 對(duì)對(duì) 不重視不重視/重視重視think highly/well of 對(duì)對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)高評(píng)價(jià)高/好好think badly/poorly of 認(rèn)為認(rèn)為不好，評(píng)價(jià)差不好，評(píng)價(jià)差Paragraph 2 (Line1)1. It seemed as if the world was at an end.翻譯：翻譯：似乎到了世界末日似乎到了世界末日。 It seemed as if the meeting would never end. 看起來(lái)會(huì)議沒(méi)完沒(méi)了?？雌饋?lái)會(huì)議沒(méi)完沒(méi)了。16句型：句型：It seems/seemed

9、 as if. 似乎，好像似乎，好像2) at an end 意為意為“結(jié)束結(jié)束”。如。如：1. The war was at an end.2. I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end.at the end of . 在在的盡頭的盡頭/末端末端(指時(shí)間，指時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)等地點(diǎn)等)by the end of .在在末之前末之前(指時(shí)間，常與指時(shí)間，常與完成時(shí)連用完成時(shí)連用)in the end=finally=at last=eventually 最后；最后；終于終于put an end to.結(jié)束結(jié)束(vt.)come to an

10、 end 結(jié)束結(jié)束(vi.)end用作名詞構(gòu)成的用作名詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)用用end構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)填空填空1. The cold weather at last stopped_ March.2. Our hunt for a cheaper but largerhouse is at last _.3. If you go on with work, youll succeed _.4. How many English words had you learned _ last term?at the end ofat an endin the endby the end ofParagr

11、aph 2 (Line6)2. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.翻譯：翻譯：在這可怕的十五秒之后，這座偌在這可怕的十五秒之后，這座偌大的城市竟成了廢墟。大的城市竟成了廢墟。20ruin 在此為名詞在此為名詞, 意為意為“廢墟廢墟”，常常和和介詞介詞in搭配搭配, in ruins “成成為為廢墟廢墟, 垮掉垮掉, 毀滅毀滅”。1. This earthquake left the whole town in ruins.2. His future is in ruins.ruin還可作動(dòng)詞還可作動(dòng)詞, 意為意為“毀壞毀

12、壞, 毀掉毀掉”， ruin oneself 自我毀滅自我毀滅 ruin ones hope 使某人的希望破滅使某人的希望破滅1. This illness has ruined his life.2. The rain ruined my painting.damage指部分指部分“損壞損壞”、“損害損害”、“破壞破壞”或指或指使用價(jià)值有所降低使用價(jià)值有所降低。它可以用作動(dòng)詞。它可以用作動(dòng)詞, 也可以用作名詞也可以用作名詞, 用作名詞時(shí)常與用作名詞時(shí)常與to something 連用連用。如。如:The accident did a lot of damage to his car. des

13、troy 只能用作動(dòng)詞，指徹底破壞只能用作動(dòng)詞，指徹底破壞, 以致以致不可能修復(fù)，常作不可能修復(fù)，常作“破壞破壞”、“毀滅毀滅”解解，也可以也可以指指希望、計(jì)劃等打破希望、計(jì)劃等打破。The earthquake destroyed almost the whole town. 辨析辨析: damage, ruin, destroy ruin則表示破壞嚴(yán)重，以致不能修復(fù)，但則表示破壞嚴(yán)重，以致不能修復(fù)，但這種破壞不像這種破壞不像destroy那樣毀滅某物，而是那樣毀滅某物，而是強(qiáng)強(qiáng)調(diào)致使該物的使用價(jià)值發(fā)生了問(wèn)題調(diào)致使該物的使用價(jià)值發(fā)生了問(wèn)題。用作動(dòng)。用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，它作詞時(shí)，它作 “使毀滅使毀滅”

14、、 “使崩潰使崩潰”、 “弄糟弄糟”解；用作名詞時(shí)，它表示解；用作名詞時(shí)，它表示 “毀滅毀滅”、 “瓦解瓦解”、 “廢墟廢墟”等等抽象概念抽象概念。1. The fire ruined the castle. 2. You will ruin your future if you continue to be so foolish.1. His house was completely _ in the earthquake.2. He _ his girl friends prospects(前程前程).3. Soft wood _ easily.destroyedruineddamages

15、Paragraph 23. Two-thirds of the people died or were injured during the earthquake.翻譯：翻譯：三分之二三分之二的人在地震中的人在地震中死亡死亡或或受傷。受傷。分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá) one third; two thirds 注意謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式注意謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式 單數(shù)？復(fù)數(shù)？單數(shù)？復(fù)數(shù)？26 injure vt.損害損害,受傷受傷 injured adj. 受傷受傷的的,受委屈受委屈的的be injured 受傷受傷be badly/slightly injured 受了重受了重/輕傷輕傷He cant play to

16、day because hes badly injured his knee.Paragraph 2 (Line8)4. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400, 000.翻譯：翻譯：傷亡傷亡的人數(shù)達(dá)到的人數(shù)達(dá)到400000.2829the number of 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞？謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞？a number of 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞？謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞？注意：注意：“a number of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)；“the number of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，作

17、主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)單數(shù)。Paragraph 3 (Line1)1. Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.翻譯：翻譯：人們?nèi)藗儫o(wú)論朝哪里無(wú)論朝哪里看，那里的一切看，那里的一切都都幾乎幾乎被毀壞了。被毀壞了。30句型：句型：Everywhere. 無(wú)論哪里無(wú)論哪里，都，都說(shuō)明：說(shuō)明：everywhere意為意為“無(wú)論哪兒無(wú)論哪兒”，在句，在句中引導(dǎo)一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于中引導(dǎo)一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于wherever。1. 無(wú)論他出現(xiàn)在哪里，他都是受無(wú)論他出現(xiàn)在哪里，他都是受歡迎的。歡迎的。Everywhere he

18、appeared, he was popular.2. 無(wú)論他去哪，他的狗都跟著他。無(wú)論他去哪，他的狗都跟著他。Everywhere he goes, his dog follows him.Paragraph 3 (Line5)2. Tens of thousands of cows never give milk again翻譯：翻譯：數(shù)以萬(wàn)計(jì)數(shù)以萬(wàn)計(jì)的奶牛再也不產(chǎn)奶的奶牛再也不產(chǎn)奶了。了。32thousands of 數(shù)以千計(jì)的數(shù)以千計(jì)的millions of 數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的tens of thousands of 數(shù)以萬(wàn)計(jì)數(shù)以萬(wàn)計(jì)的的hundreds of thousands

19、 of 數(shù)數(shù)以十萬(wàn)計(jì)以十萬(wàn)計(jì)的的 Paragraph 3 (Line7)3. People were shocked. 翻譯：翻譯：人們?nèi)藗兏械礁械秸痼@。震驚。34shockbe a shock to sb. 對(duì)對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)打擊某人來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)打擊shocked adj. 驚愕的，感到震驚的驚愕的，感到震驚的shocking adj. 令人震驚的令人震驚的be shocked at/by sth. 對(duì)對(duì)感到感到震驚震驚I was shocked at/by the news.Paragraph 3 (Line 8)4. Some of the rescue workers and docto

20、rs were trapped under the ruins. 翻譯：翻譯：有些有些救援人員和醫(yī)生救援人員和醫(yī)生被困被困在廢墟在廢墟中。中。36rescue n. 援救援救, 營(yíng)救營(yíng)救a rescue team 救援隊(duì)救援隊(duì)a rescue mission 營(yíng)救任務(wù)營(yíng)救任務(wù)vt. 援救援救;營(yíng)救營(yíng)救 The man rescued the old lady from the falling house.那個(gè)那個(gè)人從即將倒塌的房子中救出了那位人從即將倒塌的房子中救出了那位老太太老太太trap (trapped, trapped) n.陷阱，圈套陷阱，圈套set a trap 設(shè)置陷阱設(shè)置陷阱T

21、he police set a trap to catch the thief.fall/walk into a trap 落入落入圈套圈套Dont fall into the trap of investing(投投資資). vt. 使受限制使受限制(困困)于于;誘騙誘騙be trapped in 困在困在之中，之中， 陷于陷于之中之中The car was trapped in the deep snow.trap sb into doing sth 誘騙某人做某事誘騙某人做某事They trapped her into marrying him.39Paragraph 4 (Line1)

22、1. All hope was not lost.翻譯：翻譯：不是不是所有希望都破滅了所有希望都破滅了。部分否定部分否定allnot = not all All hope was not lost.= Not all hope was lost.40表示全部肯定的表達(dá)：表示全部肯定的表達(dá)： all, both, everyone, everybody, everything以及以及“every+名詞名詞”；表示全部否定：表示全部否定： no one, none, nobody, nothing, notany, 已以及已以及“no+名詞名詞”說(shuō)明說(shuō)明：all，both，each，always，every及及every的合成詞的合成詞與與not 連用時(shí)表連用時(shí)表。 不是所有的學(xué)生都通過(guò)