英語情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

1、JackI have good news for you!RoseWhat?JackThe Education Department has carried out rules to reduce students too much study load. RoseReally? If so, I dont have to stay up late to do so much homework and my mom may allow me to play computer games.JackThe best thing I think is that I can have more spa

2、re time to take exercise after class.RoseSure. By the way, who is your favorite sports star?JackLiu Xiang, I should say.RoseTell me something about him.JackWell, maybe I can show you some photos. 1. Ability （能力）（能力）2. Obligation （義務(wù)）（義務(wù)）3. Certainty （可能性）（可能性）4. Permission （允許（允許）5. Make requests（提出

3、請求）（提出請求）6. Make suggestions（提出建（提出建議）議）7. Make offers（提供幫助）（提供幫助）8. Give advice（提出意見）（提出意見）1.Ability (能力能力):Liu Xiang can run the 110m hurdle race within 13 seconds.can/could:1. can 一般表示一般表示與生俱來的能力與生俱來的能力或或者一種者一種客觀可能性客觀可能性,還可以表示還可以表示請請求和允許求和允許 。Learning English _ be difficult.canMan can not live wi

4、thout air. _ I use your bike?Cancan/could:2.在疑問句中，用在疑問句中，用could可表示請可表示請求，語氣較委婉。求，語氣較委婉。 _I have the television on? Yes, you _. / No, you _CouldHe asks if he _ smoke here.couldcan/maycant/Im afraid notcan/could:3.表示驚異、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度。（主表示驚異、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度。（主要用在要用在否定句否定句、疑問句疑問句或或驚嘆句驚嘆句中）中） Hes such a nice person

5、 that he _ commit the crime. cant你怎么會(huì)如此地粗心！你怎么會(huì)如此地粗心！ How can you be so careless! Can this be true? can/could:4. can never/canttoo表示表示“無論怎樣無論怎樣也不過分也不過分”，“越越越越好好” 。你過馬路的時(shí)候再小心也不為過。你過馬路的時(shí)候再小心也不為過。 You cant be too careful while crossing the road. can/be able to區(qū)別區(qū)別:Edison always wondered why hens could

6、hatch (孵孵) chickens while he was not able to.Question: Are the two modal verbs interchangeable (互換互換) ? If not, why?can表示表示或或，而而be able to更加強(qiáng)調(diào)更加強(qiáng)調(diào)或者或者，能做到的事情。能做到的事情。can/be able to區(qū)別區(qū)別: A big fire broke out in ABC hotel yesterday. Luckily, everyone _ run out of the building.was able to2. She _ speak

7、both English and French.canIm so tired! I have to do the training for at least 10 hours a day! 2.Obligation (義務(wù)義務(wù)):yet he must work hard to win the gold medal.Although Liu Xiang is so gifted in hurdle raceadvisabilitynecessityought to/shouldhave tomustMy mother brings me up and takes good care of me

8、, so when she is old, I _ look after her in return. A.can B.may C.have to D.must Shi Dongpeng might win a medal at the Olympic Games.Although the chance of winning a medal is small, Ill try my best! 3.Certainty (可能性可能性) :very uncertainalmost certainmightshouldmustmaycouldought towill1.He _ be at hom

9、e.2.He _ be at home, for he just called me from his home 15 seconds ago.A.may B.might C.must A.may B.might C.must (can)must 表示肯定的猜測，譯為表示肯定的猜測，譯為“一定一定”，不能用于否定句或疑問句。不能用于否定句或疑問句。This must be your pen.He must be doing his homework now.He must have arrived already.mustmust2. 表示表示“堅(jiān)持堅(jiān)持”（常用于固定句型：（常用于固定句型：i

10、f you must do sth. 如果你非得要做某事）如果你非得要做某事）如果你真的要走，那就悄悄離開。如果你真的要走，那就悄悄離開。If you must leave, do it quietly.They_ be doing the experiment in the lab.Why？Because the lights are still burning.A.could B.can C.must D.would 4.Permission (允許允許):May I eat KFC if I win the gold medal?may/might:1. 表示許可。表示請求、允許時(shí)，表示

11、許可。表示請求、允許時(shí)，might比比may的語氣更委婉一些。的語氣更委婉一些。 Might/May I use your computer? Yes, you can. /No, you cant. may/might:2.用于祈使句中表示祝愿。用于祈使句中表示祝愿。3.表示推測、可能（只用于肯定句，表示推測、可能（只用于肯定句，疑問句則要用疑問句則要用can或或could）。）。 祝你成功！祝你成功！ May you succeed. He may be very busy now. May you be happy all your life. 5.Making requests (提出

12、要求提出要求):Can you help me with my training?I dont know how to use this equipment! will can could wouldinformalformal6.Making suggestions (提出建議提出建議):Shall we do the training in the morning?Its too hot to take exercise in the afternoon. shall:1.Shall用于第一、第三人稱疑問用于第一、第三人稱疑問句中，表示說話人征求對方的意句中，表示說話人征求對方的意見、向?qū)?/p>

13、方請示或提供幫助見、向?qū)Ψ秸埵净蛱峁椭?。1.Shall we begin our lesson? 2.When shall he be allowed to leave hospital? 3.Shall I carry this bag for you?shall:2.Shall用于第二、第三人稱，表用于第二、第三人稱，表示說話人給對方命令、警告、允示說話人給對方命令、警告、允諾或威脅。諾或威脅。 You shall fail if you dont work harder. He shall be punished according to the rule. 等我讀完這本書，就會(huì)給他

14、的。等我讀完這本書，就會(huì)給他的。 He shall have the book when I finish it.警告警告威脅威脅允諾允諾shall:3.Shall用于第三人稱，表示在條用于第三人稱，表示在條約，規(guī)定，法令等文件中表示義約，規(guī)定，法令等文件中表示義務(wù)或規(guī)定，意為務(wù)或規(guī)定，意為“應(yīng)應(yīng)”、“必必須須”。 The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, unless accompanied by an adult. 7.Making offers (提供幫助

15、提供幫助):Dont worry, dear. I will wash them right away.Mom, my dirty clothes have been piled up! I dont have timewill/would:1. 表示請求、建議等，表示請求、建議等，would比比will委婉客氣。委婉客氣。sentence pattern Would you please do Would you mind doingWould ratherWould you like sthwill/would:2.表示意志、愿望和決心。表示意志、愿望和決心。 I will never d

16、o that again. will/would:3.可表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性、傾向可表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性、傾向性。翻譯為性。翻譯為“經(jīng)常、慣于、總經(jīng)常、慣于、總是是”。The old man _have a smoke under a big tree every afternoon after he finished his farm work. wouldwill/would:I will go to the park with you tomorrow if you will offer me lunch. Question: Is this sentence correct? Why?情態(tài)

17、動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示表示 “意愿意愿”8.Giving advice (提出意見提出意見):You should not/ought not to eat so much before running.How delicious!should:1.Should表示勸告、建議、命令，表示勸告、建議、命令，其同義詞是其同義詞是ought to；在疑問句中，；在疑問句中，通常用通常用should代替代替oughtto。Should I open the window? 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)要相互學(xué)習(xí)。我們應(yīng)當(dāng)要相互學(xué)習(xí)。 We should learn from each other.should:2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)

18、動(dòng)詞should用于第一人稱用于第一人稱時(shí)可以表示說話人的一種謙遜、時(shí)可以表示說話人的一種謙遜、客氣、委婉的語氣?？蜌狻⑽竦恼Z氣。 RoseSure. By the way, who is your idol?JackLiu Xiang, I should say.I should advise you not to do that again. 3. should表示意外或驚訝表示意外或驚訝 常譯為常譯為 “居然，竟然居然，竟然”。 I cant believe such a gentleman should be so rude to the old. 我不敢相信這樣一個(gè)紳士居然對老人我

19、不敢相信這樣一個(gè)紳士居然對老人如此無禮。如此無禮。should:4. should 表示猜測時(shí)，一般指按經(jīng)驗(yàn)或邏輯表示猜測時(shí)，一般指按經(jīng)驗(yàn)或邏輯判斷，翻譯成判斷，翻譯成“照說應(yīng)該，估計(jì)，想必照說應(yīng)該，估計(jì)，想必” should: -When can I come for the photos ? I need them tomorrow afternoon. -They _be ready by 12 : 00 . A. can B. should C. might D. need三三. “情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”的用法的用法（1）must have done對過去某事的十分肯定

20、猜測對過去某事的十分肯定猜測（2）may/might have done對過去某事的可能性對過去某事的可能性猜測猜測（3）cant/couldnt have done對過去某事的對過去某事的否定猜測否定猜測（4）should/ought to have done過去應(yīng)該做而未過去應(yīng)該做而未做做（5）shouldnt/oughtnt to have done 過去不應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際上做了過去不應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際上做了（6）neednt have done 本沒有必要做的事實(shí)際本沒有必要做的事實(shí)際卻做了卻做了（7）could have done 本來能夠做的（有能力做）事實(shí)際卻未做到本來能夠做的（有能力做）

21、事實(shí)際卻未做到Practice With so much work on hand, you _to see the game last night. A. mustnt go B. could have goneC. shouldnt go D. shouldnt have gone2. There was plenty of time. She _.A. mustnt have hurried B. couldnt have hurriedC. must not hurry D. neednt have hurriedPractice3. I saw Mary in the library

22、 yesterday. -You_ her. She is still abroad.A. mustnt see B. cant have seen C. mustnt have seen D. couldnt see4. Aunt Mary_the train; otherwise she would have arrived here by now.A. must have missed B. should have missedC. had missed D. might miss五五. 表示否定的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法表示否定的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法: 部分情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的否定式是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞中的考點(diǎn)部分情態(tài)動(dòng)

23、詞的否定式是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞中的考點(diǎn)之一。之一。 mustnt 不準(zhǔn)不準(zhǔn), 禁止禁止 neednt 沒必要沒必要 ( = dont have to )cant 不能不能; 不可能不可能may not 不可以不可以; 可能不可能不shouldnt 不應(yīng)該不應(yīng)該 ( = ought not to ) How can we deal with exercises How can we deal with exercises concerning modal verbs?concerning modal verbs?Functions & usage of modal verbsLanguage co

24、ntext (上下文、上下文、語境語境)Functions & usage of modal verbsLanguage context (上下文、上下文、語境語境)高考考題高考考題:1. I thought you _like something to read, so I have brought you some books. A. may B. might C. would D. must 2. Where is my pen? I _it. A. might lose B. would have lost C. should have lost D. must have lo

25、st3. I didnt hear the phone. I _asleep A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have beenB D B 4. -There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well. -It _a comfortable journey A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been 5. Its nearly se

26、ven oclock . Jack _be here at any moment. A. must B. need C. should D. could D C1. A computer _ think for itself; it must be told what to do. A. cant B. couldnt C. may not D. might not2. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out. A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to

27、A D 3. They will _ run this machine on theirown in three months.A. can B. could C. may D. be able to4. That big cinema _ seat 2,000 people.A. can B. should C. ought to D. is able toD A 5. Could I borrow your dictionary? Yes, of course you _. A. might B. will C. can D. should6. Might I watch TV after

28、 supper? Yes, you _. A. may B. must C. might D. couldC A 7. You _ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. may not8. Johnny, you _ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself. A. wont ; cant B. mustnt ; may C. shouldnt ; must D. cant ; shouldntC B

29、9. -Will you stay for lunch? -Sorry, _. My brother is coming to see me. A. I mustnt B. I cant C. I neednt D. I wont10. -May I pick a flower in the garden? - _. A. No, you neednt B. Not, please. C. No, you mustnt D. No, you wontB C 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞考題情態(tài)動(dòng)詞考題:1. Put on more clothes. You be feeling cold with only a

30、shirt on. A. can B. could C. must D. would2. Must I drive to his house and pick up the children? No, . A. you shouldnt B. you might not C. you neednt D. you mustntC C 3. We didnt see Tom at the meeting yesterday. He it. A. mustnt have attended B. cannot have attended C. neednt have attended D. would

31、 have not attended4. We play chess than bridge. Some of us dont know how to play bridge. A. had better B. would better C. would rather D. had ratherB A 5. There is someone knocking at the door. it be Tom? A. can B. must C. should D. ought to6. Two years ago, my husband bought me a bicycle. If you li

32、ve in town, it is often faster than a car and you worry about parking. A. must not B. may not C. should not D. dont have toA D 1.May I sit beside you, sir? - No, you _. My girlfriend is coming soon. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldnt 2.- _ I speak to Mary, please? -Sorry, she_ come to the phone be

33、cause she isnt in.A. Might; wont B. Cant; mustnt C. May; cant D. Couldnt; shouldnt1.-Is John coming by train? -He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car. (2002高考題）高考題） A. must B. can C. need D. may2.It has been announced that candidates(候選人候選人) _ remain in their seats until all the papers ha

34、ve been collected. (2002上海高考題）上海高考題） A. can B.will C. may D. shall3.-I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter. (2002北京高考題）北京高考題） -It _ true because there was little snow there. A. may not be B. wont be C. couldnt be D. mustnt be3. - I want to know if I _ smoke here. - No, you_ . Could y

35、ou see the sign “NO SMOKING” there? can; neednt B. must; cant C. shall; wont D. may; mustnt4. My wife never remembers my telephone number. She always _ look it up. A. must B. should C. would D. has to5. - _ you pass me the English magazine, please? - Sure. Here you are. Could B. Need C. Must D. Migh

36、t6. -Must I go to work with you? - No, you_. Linda _ go with me.A. mustnt; can B. cant; has to C. darent; should D. neednt; mayD7. - _ I tell Mary the test results? - No, you_. Shes already got the score. A. Will; wont B. Shall; neednt C. May; mustnt D. Can; dont8. You _ be careful when crossing her

37、e. The traffic lights arent working.A. might B. ought to C. could D. mayBB9. -Could I borrow your bicycle? - Yes, of course you_. will B. should C. can D. need10. Joan_ come with us this afternoon, but she isnt very sure yet. A. can B. may C. must D. willCB11. I _ ask you the question because I thin

38、k I _ be wrong. darent; must B. mustnt; can C. neednt; may D. cant; should12. Its nearly eight oclock. Mike _ be here at any moment. A. need B. has to C. should D. can13. The fire spread through the building very quickly but everyone _ get out.A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to14.-What do yo

39、u think of this answer? -I dont think it _ be right. should B. might C. must D. canDD15. - Is John coming by train? - He should, but he _. He likes driving his car.A. cant B. neednt C. may not D. mustnt16. He doesnt have to work tomorrow, but you have got to, _ you? dont B. havent C. havent got D. c

40、antCB17. You_ wake me up when I fall asleep, _ you?A. havent better; have B. would not rather; would C. had better not; should D. had not better; must18. -Why! I couldnt get you on the phone this morning. - We _ tennis in the yard when you phone me. could be playing B. must be playing C. must have b

41、een playing D. should have played19. - We didnt see him at the lecture. - Neither did anybody else. He _ it.A. may not have attended B. mustnt attend C. cant have attended D. couldnt attend20. -I came here by taxi and the driver charged me 50 yuan. -Really? You _ have come by bus. could B. must C. m

42、ay D. should21. - Do you still remember when we went to the Great Wall? - I cant remember it well, but _ it have been sometime last May?A. should B. must C. could D. would22. -I wonder why Mr. Lin didnt come to work. - He_ have been ill. neednt B. should C. might D. can23. -No one passed the mathema

43、tics examination today. -I guess we _ the exercise last night. could review B. should review C. might review D. should have reviewed24. She_ the hospital so soon, for she hasnt yet recovered. wouldnt have left B. shouldnt have left C. neednt leave D. hadnt left25. Why didnt you tell me there was no meeting today? I _ all the way here through the heavy snow. neednt have driven B. cant have driven C. must have driven D. shouldnt have driven.26. The book is neither yours nor mine. Whose _ it be?A. must B. may C. should D. can27. It is surprising that he _ have been so foolish.A. must