新目標(biāo)綜合教程 unit 課后練習(xí)答案(1)

1、整理課件1整理課件21 1Noun to verb conversionNoun to verb conversion2 2Verb + for ConstructionVerb + for Construction3 3Verb + on ConstructionVerb + on Construction4 4Translation of attributive clausesTranslation of attributive clauses5 5Translation of culture-loadedTranslation of culture-loadedexpressionsex

2、pressionsUseful expressionsUseful expressions6 6Language in UseNoun to verb conversion1) 2)3) Examples4) Exercise Knowledge of noun to verb conversion Noun to verb conversion in the textLanguage in UseNoun to verb conversion On a hot September afternoon, four hundred students crashed into a small cl

3、assroom, looking for seats on the long rows that curved around like giant horseshoes. (Para. 1) Noun to verb conversion in the text He clipped on a lavaliere microphone and cleared his throat. (Para. 2) A soft murmur rippled across the room as students turned from side to side and whispered expressi

4、ons of disbelief. (Para. 4) to form a curveto fasten with a clipto spread like a rippleLanguage in UseNoun to verb conversion You will not be whipped in the public square if you dont. (Para. 4 ) Noun to verb conversion in the text We have to get excited about probing a vast array of subjects and dis

5、ciplines. (Para. 12) to beat with a whipto explore or examine with a probeLanguage in UseNoun to verb conversion2) Knowledge of “noun to verb conversion”Noun to verb conversion is one of the most productive ways, with the meaning:1. “to act as or like N”2. “to give N”3. “to send/go by N”4. “to with

6、N”5. “to put in/on N” 6. “to make/change into N”7. “to deprive of N”Language in UseNoun to verb conversion3) Examples （一）動物名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為有該動物習(xí)性特點的行為動作 to act likeape to ape: to imitate like an ape (模仿)dog to dog: to follow or hunt like a dog (尾隨，追蹤)monkey to monkey (with): to mimic, play mischievous tricks l

7、ike a monkey (胡鬧，瞎弄)Language in UseNoun to verb conversion3) Examples （一）動物名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為有該動物習(xí)性特點的行為動作 to act likebull to bull: to push forcefully like a bull (用力推，擠); to scare sb. by using ones strength like a bull (嚇唬，威脅)Language in UseNoun to verb conversion3) Examples （二）人體部位和動植物組成部分的名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為具有其形象特點的行為動詞 to

8、 withfinger to finger: to feel or handle with fingers (觸摸某物)shoulder to shoulder: to carry sth. with the shoulders (扛、擔(dān)、掮（某物）)elbow to elbow: to push ones way with the elbows (用肘強行開路)Language in UseNoun to verb conversion3) Examples （二）人體部位和動植物組成部分的名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為具有其形象特點的行為動詞 to withpeel to peel: to remove th

9、e peel from(削掉的皮)core to core: to take cores out of (去的核) Language in UseNoun to verb conversion（三）自然現(xiàn)象名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為表示以其性質(zhì)為特征的動作動詞 to likeThey stormed the speaker with questions. 他們猛烈質(zhì)問演講者。storm: to speak violently like a stormMisfortunes have rained heavily upon the old man. 不幸總是無情地落在這位老人身上。rain: to fall l

10、ike rain3) Examples Language in UseNoun to verb conversion（三）自然現(xiàn)象名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為表示以其性質(zhì)為特征的動作動詞 to likeHis refusal iced our enthusiasm. 他的拒絕冷卻了我們的熱情。ice: to freeze like ice3) Examples Language in UseNoun to verb conversion（四）工具名稱的動詞化 to work/do with, to put into, to give sb. sth. 3) Examples hammer to hammer:

11、to strike with a hammer (用錘子敲)needle to needle: to push ones way like a needle (摩肩接踵)helicopter to helicopter: to travel by helicopter (坐直升飛機旅行)Language in UseNoun to verb conversion（四）工具名稱的動詞化 to work/do with, to put into, to give sb. sth. 3) Examples telegram to telegram: to send sb. a telegram (打

12、電報)clothe to clothe: to give clothes to sb. (給某人穿衣)cage to cage: to put into a cage (用籠裝)corner to corner: to put into a corner (使某人走投無路)Language in UseNoun to verb conversion（五）社會人物 to act as or like3) Examples tutor to tutor: to act as or like a tutor to (當(dāng)?shù)慕處?、輔導(dǎo))father to father: to act as or lik

13、e the father of (當(dāng)父親，像父親般對待)boss to boss: to act as or like a boss to (當(dāng)?shù)睦习?、像老板般對?coach to coach: to act as or like a coach to (當(dāng)?shù)慕叹殹⑷缃叹毎銓Υ?Language in UseNoun to verb conversion4) Exercise Complete the following sentences with appropriate words. Make changes where necessary. Language in UseNoun to

14、 verb conversion4) Exercise summer showcase crane father radio parrot blanket snowball From windows heads were _ for a view of the parade. He doesnt have all idea of his own. He just _ what other people say. The law now generally presumes that the husband is the legal father if his wife has the chil

15、d, even if he didnt _ it. craningparrotsfatherLanguage in UseNoun to verb conversion4) Exercise summer showcase crane father radio parrot blanket snowball Heavy smog _ the city. She fully _ her talents in the reality show. The more you try to avoid a problem, the more heavily it _ and finally overwh

16、elms you.blanketsshowcasedsnowballsLanguage in UseNoun to verb conversion4) Exercise summer showcase crane father radio parrot blanket snowball In the airport, the anxious mother _ for her missing child. The family _ at a peaceful mountainous resort.radioedsummeredLanguage in Use1) “Verb + for” cons

17、truction in the text 2) Knowledge of “for” after verbs 3) Exercise 6 Verb + for ConstructionLanguage in Use1) Verb + for construction in the text On a hot September afternoon, four hundred students crashed into a small classroom, looking for seats on the long rows that curved around like giant horse

18、shoes. (Para. 1) If you do,” he concluded, “come back on Wednesday, and prepare for the ride of a lifetime. (Para. 7)Verb + for ConstructionLanguage in Use2) Knowledge of “for after verbs for: (1) When expressing purpose, aim, intention, or destination, “for” often follows verbs indicating desires,

19、wishes or directions.look for seek for search for apply for plea forlong for thirst for strive for fight for grope for feel for vote for sail for depart fore.g.apply for approval/scholarshipstrive for success/quality lifevote for the candidate/the reformVerb + for ConstructionLanguage in Use2) Knowl

20、edge of “for after verbs for:(2) When expressing in place of, instead of, or representing, “for” tends to follow verbs indicating substitute, equivalent, or compensation.stand for act for compensate for exchange for trade for substitute fore.g.stand for justice/freedomcompensate for high costs/curre

21、ncy risktrade for fairness/profitsVerb + for ConstructionLanguage in Use2) Knowledge of “for after verbs for:(3) When expressing cause or reason, “for” usually follows verbs indicating attitudes or moods.weep for blame for denounce for thank for appreciate for criticize for apologize for applaud for

22、e.g.blame for the devastation/the delayappreciate for generosity/mercyapplaud for the performance/her courageVerb + for ConstructionLanguage in Use3) Exercise 6 Complete each sentence with a “verb + for” construction in the box below. Make changes where necessary. Refer to a dictionary if needed.app

23、laud for weep for strive for blame for compensate for substitute . for stand for grope forVerb + at ConstructionLanguage in Use3) Exercise 6 1) He has come across in his research a tricky question, which left him _ an answer in the darkness.2) We can acknowledge that oppression will always be with u

24、s, and still _ justice.groping forstrive forVerb + at Constructionapplaud for weep for strive for blame for compensate for substitute . for stand for grope forLanguage in Use3) Exercise 6 3) The newly-elected President won media compliments for his commitment to sustainable development; for example,

25、 he was _ _ his support of clean, green and renewable energy.applaudedforVerb + at Constructionapplaud for weep for strive for blame for compensate for substitute . for stand for grope forLanguage in Use3) Exercise 6 4) Gas has become so cheap that it can be _ coal as an electricity-generating fuel.

26、5) Greater GDP growth also would hardly _ the massive losses in lives and national wealth.substituted forVerb + at Constructionapplaud for weep for strive for blame for compensate for substitute . for stand for grope forcompensate forLanguage in Use3) Exercise 6 6) It has been believed that cowboys

27、_ a simpler way of life and freedom without restraint.stand forVerb + at Constructionapplaud for weep for strive for blame for compensate for substitute . for stand for grope forLanguage in Use3) Exercise 6 7) “I would rather have my people laugh at my economies (節(jié)儉) than _ my extravagance (奢侈),” sa

28、id Oscar II, the Swedish king.weep forVerb + at Constructionapplaud for weep for strive for blame for compensate for substitute . for stand for grope forLanguage in Use3) Exercise 6 8) Now that the new school fell down, it was crucial to make out whether faulty design or poor construction was to _ t

29、he collapse (坍塌), and it was equally vital to rebuild a new quality school as soon as possible.blame forVerb + at Constructionapplaud for weep for strive for blame for compensate for substitute . for stand for grope forLanguage in UseVerb + on Construction1) Verb + on construction in the text2) Know

30、ledge of “on” after verbs3) Micro-lecture4) Exercise 7 Language in UseVerb + on Construction1) Verb + on construction in the textHe clipped on a lavaliere microphone and cleared his throat. (Para. 2)They believe that if you want to do well in an increasingly specialized world, you must concentrate o

31、n a single area and become an expert in that field, forsaking all other subjects. (Para. 8)Language in UseVerb + on Construction1) Verb + on construction in the textThey dismiss as meaningless anything about higher learning that doesnt center on training someone to do a task that would make them mon

32、ey. (Para. 10)To grow on the ideas and creations of others, we must encounter them, and to do so, we must explore the great works of the mind found in the arts, sciences, mathematics, philosophies, and historical perspectives. (Para. 12)Language in UseVerb + on Constructionon: (1) When expressing as

33、pect or direction, “on” often follows verbs indicating directing thoughts or actions.center on focus on concentrate on press on force on impose one.g.focus on solutions/your goalpress a label on a trunk; press wine and food on a guestimpose duties on tobacco and wines; impose the wish on the kid2) K

34、nowledge of on after verbsLanguage in UseVerb + on Construction2) Knowledge of on after verbs(2) When expressing basis, dependence, reliance, or subsistence, “on” often follows verbs indicating placing or relying. base on pride oneself on depend on rely on count on hang on rest on insist on live on

35、feed one.g.rely on the experience/ones instinct insist on the original demand/self-reliancelive on plain food/ones parentsLanguage in UseVerb + on Construction(3) When expressing concerning or with regard to, “on” often keeps company with verbs indicating expressing. agree on decide on comment on el

36、aborate on compliment on congratulate one.g.decide on the date of departure/the careerelaborate on the significance/the detailscompliment on the design/his good behavior2) Knowledge of on after verbsLanguage in UseVerb + on Construction3) Micro-lecture Watch the following micro-lecture to learn more

37、 about “Verb + Preposition” construction.Language in UseVerb + on Construction4) Exercise 7 Complete each sentence with a “verb + on” construction in the box below. Make changes where necessary. Refer to a dictionary if needed.Language in UseVerb + on Construction4) Exercise 7 1) Occasionally auctio

38、ns (拍賣) contain items so interesting that critics in newspapers _ their quality, not just the prices they might fetch.2) Before _ a satisfactory tour route, a traveler is highly advised to read some elite (精華的) travel tips as well as visit some official websites of the destination.deciding oncomment

39、 elaborate on comment on rely on concentrate on impose on act on decide on feed ononLanguage in UseVerb + on Construction4) Exercise 7 3) Although he briefly admitted to being unfaithful to his wife, he didnt _ his marital (婚姻的) flaws.4) Numerous forces have been _ physicians (內(nèi)科醫(yī)生) to make them cha

40、nge their practice behaviors.imposed on elaborate on comment on rely on concentrate on impose on act on decide on feed onelaborate onLanguage in UseVerb + on Construction4) Exercise 7 5) Environmentalists have long said the world should _ preventing climate change, not adapting to it.6) A companys s

41、uccess is likely to be affected by how much the company _ the feedback it has gathered. elaborate on comment on rely on concentrate on impose on act on decide on feed onconcentrate onacts onLanguage in UseVerb + on Construction4) Exercise 7 7) Economists say that the economic weakness and the stock

42、markets wild swings have begun to _ themselves.8) She was accountable to (對負(fù)責(zé)) no one and was no longer _ by anyone. elaborate on comment on rely on concentrate on impose on act on decide on feed onfeed onrelied onLanguage in UseAttributive clauses can state reasons, results, additional information,

43、 etc. In such cases, they are often translated as independent sentences in Chinese.Attributive clauses1) Examples2) Exercise 8Language in Use1) Examples:Compare the two versions of translation. Attributive clauses This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.a. 這本我已經(jīng)讀過三遍的小說很動人。b. 這本小說

44、很動人，我已經(jīng)讀了三遍。 Toward evening, we stopped at an inn, where we passed the night.a. 傍晚，我們停在一家我們在那里過了夜的旅店。b. 傍晚，我們停留在一家酒店，在那里過了夜。Language in Use1) Examples:Attributive clauses Were living in a remarkable time, when it will soon be impossible to be truly alone.a. 我們生活在一個真正的獨處很快將難以企及的非凡的年代b. 我們生活在一個非凡的年代，在

45、這個年代里，真正的獨處很快將難以企及。Compare the two versions of translation. Language in Use1) Examples:Attributive clauses It is he who received the letter that announced the death of your grandfather.a. 是他接到了那封說你祖父已經(jīng)去世的信。b. 是他接到了那封信，說你的祖父已經(jīng)去世。 Compare the two versions of translation. Language in Use2) Exercise 8Tr

46、anslate the following sentences into Chinese. Pay attention to the translation of the underlined attributive clauses.Attributive clausesLanguage in Use2) Exercise 81) Within a few minutes, he had unfurled a brief history of liberal education, and told them that “l(fā)iberal” came from the Latin for “fre

47、e”, and it was the kind of schooling that free children (as opposite to slaves) received in the ancient world. (Para. 6)接下來的幾分鐘里，他簡要介紹了通識教育的發(fā)展歷史，告訴學(xué)生們“通識”一詞來自拉丁語，意為“自由”，這種學(xué)校教育在古代只有自由的小孩（而非奴隸）才能享受。Attributive clausesLanguage in Use2) Exercise 82) In the modern version, students explored a host of dis

48、ciplines from the sciences to the humanities, taking a deep approach to important issues that those disciplines could help them address. (Para. 6)現(xiàn)代的通識教育讓學(xué)生接觸許多理工和人文學(xué)科，這些學(xué)科知識有助于深入探求人生重大問題的答案。Attributive clausesLanguage in Use2) Exercise 83) They dismiss as meaningless anything about higher learning

49、that doesnt center on training someone to do a task that would make them money. (Para. 10)他們認(rèn)為，高等教育如果不以培訓(xùn)學(xué)生做事掙錢為核心，就是毫無意義的。Attributive clausesLanguage in Use2) Exercise 84) If we are to understand what our subjects did that enabled them to fashion such highly productive and creative lives, we must a

50、ppreciate why they valued a broad education before specializing in one or two fields. (Para. 11)Attributive clausesLanguage in Use2) Exercise 8如果想弄清我們的調(diào)查對象究竟做了什么成就了極富成效與創(chuàng)造力的人生，我們就必須理解為什么他們?nèi)绱酥匾曉谶x定專業(yè)領(lǐng)域之前所接受的通識教育。Attributive clausesLanguage in Use2) Exercise 85) They understood education as a developme

51、ntal process in which they sought to grow the power of their minds, and that too influenced the kind of learning they attempted. (Para. 13)他們把教育理解為一種成長歷程，在此過程中，他們致力于思維能力的提升，這樣一種理解也影響到了他們所嘗試的學(xué)習(xí)方向。Attributive clausesLanguage in UseCulture-loaded expressions1) Examples in the translation ofculture-load

52、ed expressions2) Exercise 9Language in Use Examples in the translation of culture-loaded expressionsCulture-loaded words refer to those words or phrases which convey a certain kind of cultural connotations or associations which may or may not be found in other languages or cultures. Four major metho

53、ds of translation would be illustrated here by means of examples.Culture-loaded expressionsliteral translation (直譯)transliteration (音譯)corresponding translation (借譯)liberal translation (意譯)Language in Use(1) Literal translation (直譯直譯) 紙老虎 東方之珠 一國兩制 一帶一路Culture-loaded expressionspaper tigerthe orient

54、al pearlone country with two systemsone belt and one road Language in Use(1) Literal translation (直譯直譯)Culture-loaded expressionsTip:Sometimes additional remarks would be added in order to make the literal translation better understood. For example:呂新華表示，在反腐斗爭中，發(fā)現(xiàn)一起查處一起，發(fā)現(xiàn)多少查處多少，沒有不受查處的“鐵帽子王鐵帽子王”。Ly

55、u said that in fighting corruption its important to deal with any and all of it. There will be no “iron-cap princes” that have immunity, he said. Language in Use(2) Transliteration (音譯音譯) 磕頭 功夫 秀才 牌樓 琵琶Culture-loaded expressionskowtowkungfuxiucaipailoupipaLanguage in UseCulture-loaded expressionsTip

56、:It is very common for transliteration to be used together with literal or liberal translation, sometimes also with additional remarks. For example:巴蜀文化 the Bashu culture in Sichuan Province(2) Transliteration (音譯音譯) Language in UseCulture-loaded expressions 潑冷水 隔墻有耳 渾水摸魚 腳踏實地 新官上任三把火 (3) Correspond

57、ing translation (套譯套譯) pour cold water onThe walls have ears.fish in troubled watersdown-to-earthA new broom sweeps clean. Language in UseCulture-loaded expressions 一五一十(4) Liberal translation (意譯意譯) 望子成龍 班門弄斧 東施效顰 海內(nèi)存知己，天涯若比鄰。in full detailshope ones children will have a bright futuredisplay ones slight skills before an expertcrude imitationA bosom friend afar brings distance near.Language in Use2) Exercise 9 Translate into English the following paragraph about the