人教版初一英語下冊(cè)各單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上 人教版初一英語下冊(cè)各單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)Unit 1 Can you play the guitar? 單詞與詞組一、 表示“參加，加入”，此處指參加社團(tuán)或組織，成為其中的成員。Join: 加入美國籃球協(xié)會(huì) join the NBA Join the army 參軍 象棋俱樂部英語/Join the art/sports/music/English/chess club 參加體育/音樂/ play the guitar /the violin/the drums/the piano +the 樂器類 play play soccer/ basketball/volleyb

2、all/football/tennis/badminton + the 非樂器類 /網(wǎng)球/羽毛球）（英式足球 / 籃球 / 排球 /英式足球，美式橄欖球 Be good at+ sth./doing sth. 擅長做某事 相處得好與Be good with =be friendly to Be good to 對(duì)友好 有好處 Be good for 對(duì) 強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)常性的愛好。兩者都表示喜like doing sth. Like to do sth.特指某一次的動(dòng)作； 歡做某事，在僅僅表達(dá)“喜歡”時(shí)兩者可以通用。 不要做某/tell sb. sth. /to do sth. /not to do s

3、th.告訴某人某事 Tell: Tell stories 講故事 事 Help: Help sb. to do sth. /help sb. with sth./ help sb. do sth. 幫助某人做某事 某人/,飲料等)拿給自己Help yourself/sb. (to sth.) 把某物(尤其是指食物 can't help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事 e.g. Call Mr.Brown at 293-7742 Call at 用于打某人的電話 是這里的前面不加介詞。home 表示動(dòng)態(tài)概念。Home:1.意思是“回家”，“到家”。 副詞，表示目的地。2)He dr

4、ives home 你每天什么時(shí)候回家？e.g. 1)When do you go home every day? 3)She often does some shopping home. on his way after work.他下班的開車回家。 她經(jīng)常在回家途中買些東西。是名詞，表示具體地點(diǎn)。表示靜態(tài)概念。意思是“在家”。這里的homeat home 2. 他把書放在家里了。1) Is she at home? 她在家嗎？2)He left his book at home. e.g. 在家at home 到家 Go home 回家 get home 也，而且；較正式，用于肯定句，緊跟

5、動(dòng)詞。Also 我能說英文也能說中文。e.g. I can speak English and I can also speak Chinese. 也E.g. Me too. 多用于口語，放在句末。Too E.g. He hasn他也沒有完成。't finished, either. 多用于否定句，放在句末。Either 展示給某人看Show sb. sth. /show sth. To sb. 脫口秀（美國脫口秀節(jié)目） show talk 作秀時(shí)間，表演開始Show time Unit 2 What time do you go to school? 時(shí)間連詞：when=while

6、當(dāng)時(shí) then 然后 after that 在那之后 at+時(shí)間點(diǎn)/sb. do sth. at about +時(shí)間點(diǎn) for breakfast/lunch/dinner 睡覺go to bed=go to sleep 睡覺 take a tap 午休，小睡一會(huì)兒 反：get up 起床 Time 表時(shí)間，不可數(shù)；表次數(shù)，可數(shù)。 Some times 幾次 sometimes 有時(shí) some time 一段時(shí)間 sometime 某個(gè)時(shí)候 系動(dòng)詞It tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels嘗起來/聞起來/看起來/聽起來/摸起來（含被動(dòng)意味，但不能用被動(dòng)語態(tài)） tas

7、tes/smells/looks/sounds/feels+like 嘗起來/聞起來/看起來/聽起來/摸起來像 eitheror二選一 neithernor 兩者都不 連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與最近的一個(gè)主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，即 就近原則。 e.g. Either you or I am going there tomorrow. 明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。 Neither dad nor mum is at home today. 今天父母都不在家。 Here引導(dǎo)的倒裝句表位置的副詞放在句首時(shí)， 如主語是代詞，不倒裝 ； 表位置的副詞放在句首時(shí)， 如主語是名詞，要用全部倒裝。

8、e.g. Here it is! Here he comes.(代詞不倒裝) Here is your ticket. Here comes the bus. （名詞倒裝） 關(guān)于時(shí)間的問法 (1)以when提問,“什么時(shí)候”可以是較長的時(shí)間段，也可以是較短的時(shí)間點(diǎn) 你的生日是什么時(shí)候？When is your birthday? My birthday is Dec. 29th. 我的生日是12月29日。 這里就是指一天的時(shí)間段 When do you go home? 你幾點(diǎn)回家？ I go home at 4:30 p.m. 我下午4：30回家. 這里when問的是具體的時(shí)間。 (2)具體

9、幾點(diǎn)我們通常用what time提問 What time is it now? 現(xiàn)在幾點(diǎn)了？ or What's the time? 幾點(diǎn)了？ It's 9:26. 現(xiàn)在九點(diǎn)二十六。 What time is it by your watch? 你手表幾點(diǎn)了？ It's 8:36. Oh, It's 50 minutes late 8:36，哦，它慢了50分鐘。 What time do you get up? 你幾點(diǎn)起床？ I get up at 6:00 a.m. 我早上6點(diǎn)起床。 Unit 3 How do you get to school? many

10、students是單指學(xué)生數(shù)量多，側(cè)重?cái)?shù)量 many of the students是指學(xué)生中很多一部分，強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 too太 1.too much意為“太多”，+不可數(shù)名詞/+動(dòng)詞。 e.g.I had too much housework to do yesterday . 昨天我有太多的家務(wù)活要干。 She talks too much . 她說話太多。 much too意思是“過分，太”，隱含了過分而不恰當(dāng)之意，much too+形容詞或副 詞，不+動(dòng)詞。 e.g.The question is much too difficult . 這道題太難了。 你走得太快了。re walking

11、 much too fast . 'You 2.tooto太而不能.e.g. You are never too young to study. 同： sothat太以至于 e.g.The river runs too quickly for boats.=The river suns too quickly to row a boat. =The river runs so quickly that people can't row a boat to across the river. Unit 4 Don't eat in class. 一、詞組 school r

12、ules 學(xué)校規(guī)章制度 break the rules 違反規(guī)章制度 make the rules 制定規(guī)章. in the hallways 在過道 in the music room 在音樂教室里 in the dining hall 在餐廳 be in bed 在床上 be late for遲到 listen to music 聽音樂 wash my clothes 洗衣服 make dinner 做飯 have to do 不得不做 too many+名詞復(fù)數(shù); too much +不可數(shù)名詞“太多” by ten o'clock 十點(diǎn)之前 on school nights 上

13、學(xué)的晚上 on weekends 在周末 go to the children's palace 去少年宮 after school 放學(xué)后 sports shoes 運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋 gym class 體育課 二、句型 (1)Don't arrive late for class. (2)We can't listen to music in the hallways, but we can listen to it outside. (3)-What else do you have to do? - We have to clean the classroom. (4)-

14、Can we wear hats in school? -Yes, we can/ No, we can't. (5)-Do you have to wear a uniform at school? -Yes, we do /No, we don't. (6) What are the rules at your school? (7)重難點(diǎn)精析： 祈使句 通常用來表示命令、請(qǐng)求、禁止、建議、警告等語氣。它的主語you(聽話人)通常省略。其構(gòu)成通常有以下幾種形式。 ）Be型（即系動(dòng)詞原型be+表語其他）。如： Be quiet,please. 否定句Don't + b

15、e+表語+其他。如： Don't be angry. ）Do型（即系動(dòng)詞原形賓語其他）。如： Open you books, please. 否定句Don't +實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形+賓語+其他。如： Don't eat in the classroom. ）Let型（即Let+賓語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他）如： Let me help you. Let's go at six o'clock. 否定句一般在賓語后加not。如： Let' not watch TV. ）No+V-ing型（此種形式通常用于公共場(chǎng)合的提示語中，意為“禁止做某事“）如： No smo

16、king! 嚴(yán)禁吸煙！ No talking! 不許交談！ No passing! 禁止通行！ No parking! 不許停車！ Must與have to 1.must表主觀看法，主觀上的必要 have to 表客觀需要 e.g. My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. 我弟弟 病得很厲害，我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請(qǐng)來。(客觀上需要做這件事) He said that they must work hard. 他說他們必須努力工作。（主觀上要做這件事） 2.have to有人稱

17、、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)的變化，而must只有一種形式。 3.在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中： don't have to 表示不必；mustn't 表示禁止。 e.g. You don't have to (needn't沒必要) tell him about it. 你不一定要把此事告訴他。 You mustn't（can't 不能）tell him about it. 你一定不要把這件事告訴他。 On time 準(zhǔn)時(shí)，按時(shí)。 In time 及時(shí)，遲早 We were just in time for (to catch ) the bus. 我們及時(shí)趕上了公車。 e.g

18、. The train pulled in on time. 車準(zhǔn)時(shí)到站。 Unit 5 Why do you like pandas? 一、詞組 want to do sth .想要做某事 want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事 want sth 想要某物 Let sb do sth 讓某人做某事 Kind kind of 有幾分種類 a kind of 一種 (all) kinds of 各種各樣的=various of like to do sth/like doing sth 喜歡做某事 play with 與.一起玩 during the day 在白天 at night

19、 在夜間 二、句型與日常交際用語 1、-why do you like pandas?/ -Why dose he like koalas? -Because they're kind of interesting. 2、 Why do you want to see the lions? Because they're 3、-Where are lions from? -Lions are from South Africa. 4、-What (other) animals do you like? -I like elephants. 5. This is a symbol

20、 of good luck. 的象征 6. Have a good memory like an elephant. 形容記憶力好 m ten. 'm ten years old./I'Is your age? '7 .- How old are you?=What8.-Do you like giraffes? -Yes, I do. / No, I don't make of 與make from “由組成” make of 看得出原材料，物理變化；make from 看不出原材料，化學(xué)變化。 e.g. We must save trees and not

21、by things made of ivory(象牙). The paper is made of wood. The other, others, another, other的區(qū)別 1.other可作形容詞或代詞，做形容詞時(shí)，意思是“別的，其他”，泛指“其他的（人或物）”。如： Do you have any other question(s)? 你還有其他問題嗎？ Ask some other people. 問問別人吧！ Put it in your other hand. 把它放在你另一只手里。 2.the other指兩個(gè)人或物中的一個(gè)時(shí)，只能用the other，不能用anoth

22、er，此時(shí)的other作代詞。如： He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the other is a worker. 他有兩個(gè)女兒，一個(gè)是護(hù)士，另一個(gè)是工人。 the other后可加單數(shù)名詞，也可加復(fù)數(shù)名詞，此時(shí)的other作形容詞。如： On the other side of the street，there is a tall tree. 在街道的另一邊，有一棵大樹。 Mary is much taller than the other girls. 瑪麗比其他的女孩高得多。 He lives on the other side of the r

23、iver. 他住在河的對(duì)岸。 3.others是other的復(fù)數(shù)形式，泛指“另外幾個(gè)”，“其余的”。在句中可作主語、賓語。如： Some of us like singing and dancing, others go in for sports. 我們一些人喜歡唱歌和跳舞，其余的從事體育活動(dòng)。 Give me some others, please. 請(qǐng)給我別的東西吧！ There are no others. 沒有別的了。 4.the others意思是“其他東西，其余的人”。特指某一范圍內(nèi)的“其他的（人或物）”。是the other的復(fù)數(shù)形式。如： Two boys will go t

24、o the zoo, and the others will stay at home. 兩個(gè)男孩將去動(dòng)物園，其余的留在家里。 the others=the other 復(fù)數(shù)名詞，這在第2條中已經(jīng)有所介紹。 5.another=an other，既可作形容詞，也可作代詞，只能用于三個(gè)或更多的人或物，泛指同類事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一個(gè)”，只能代替或修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。如： I don't like this one. Please show me another. 我不喜歡這一個(gè)，請(qǐng)給我看看另一個(gè)。 I have three daughters. One is a nurse, an

25、other is a teacher and another is a worker. 我有三個(gè)女兒。一個(gè)是護(hù)士，另一個(gè)是教師，還有一個(gè)是工人。 Let's do sth , let's=let us 讓我們做 人稱代詞用賓格 Let's 之后跟動(dòng)詞原形。 Let's see the panda.我們看熊貓吧。 Let's go! 我們走吧！ Unit 6 I'm watching TV. 一、詞組 do one's homework 做家庭作業(yè) watch TV 看電視 eat dinner 吃飯；就餐 clean the room 打

26、掃房間 talk on the phone 電話聊天 thanks for+n/doing為某事感謝某人 go shopping/swimming去購物/游泳 at the pool 在游泳池 at school 在學(xué)校 in the tree 在樹上 read newspaper/a book 看報(bào)紙看書 write a letter 寫信 go to the movies =go to the cinema=watch a movie 看電影 take photos 拍照 wait for 等待；等候 TV show 電視節(jié)目 e.g. What are you talking about

27、? 談?wù)搕alk about some of中的一些 a photo of my family 我的家庭照 be with 和一起 with sb 和某人在一起 in the first/last photo在第一張/最后一張照片 二、句型與日常交際用語 1.-What+be+主語+doing? 正在做什么？ -主語be doing 正在做某事 2.-Here are/is例： Here are some of my photos. /Here is a photo of my family. 3.-Do you want to go to the movies? -Sure. 4.-When

28、 do you want to go? -Let's go at seven. 5.-Where do people play basketball? -At school. 6.-What's he waiting for? -He's waiting for a bus. 7.-What's he reading? -He's reading a newspaper. 8. Can +do(動(dòng)詞原形) 可以 e.g.You can see my family at home. 三、語法現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 1)現(xiàn)在在進(jìn)行時(shí)的形式：助動(dòng)詞be(am,is,are

29、)+動(dòng)詞-ing形式（也叫現(xiàn)在分詞），表示現(xiàn)在（說話的瞬間）正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 2)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句形式：主語+be(am,is,are)+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞+其他 例：I'm watching TV. 3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句形式：主語+be(am,is,are)+not+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞+其他 例：They are not playing soccer. 4)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問句形式及回答： Is(am,are)+主語+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞+其他? Yes,主語+is/am/are. No,主語+isn't/aren't/am not. 例：Are you reading? Y

30、es,I am. No,I am not. 5) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問句形式：特殊疑問詞+is/am/are+主語+現(xiàn)在分詞+其他? 例：What is your brother doing? Unit 7 It's raning! 一、詞組 play computer games 打電子游戲 lie on the beach 躺在沙灘上 play beach volleyball 打沙灘排球 in this heat 在酷暑中 in picture 在圖片里 on vacation 度假 on the beach 在海邊 around the world 世界各地 =all over

31、 the world be surprised at sth./sb.對(duì)某人或某人感到驚訝 be relaxed 放松 =feel relaxed have a good time 玩得很痛快 in different kind of weather 在不同的天氣里 thank sb for(doing)sth由于某事而感謝某人 someothers一些另一些 a group of people 一群人 做了某事（事情的全過程）/看某人正在做某事look at sb doing/do sth of。of, 相當(dāng)于everybody; every one 后跟人或物，可后只接人不everyone

32、 e.g. Everyone is here. 每個(gè)人都在這。 Every one of the students likes the teacher. 每位學(xué)生都很喜歡這個(gè)老師。 二、句型日常交際用語 /It's cold and snowing.)? -It's rainy.(1)-How's the weather(+地點(diǎn) -The weather there is very hot. (2)-What's the weather like? /How was your trip? 某人最近怎樣。(3)-How's it going(with sb

33、.)?-Great. /Not bad./Terrible/Pretty good! the World show! (4)Thanks you for joining CCTV's Around isn't(5)-Is Aunt Wang there? -Yes, she is/No, she (6) There are many people here on vacation. 很快見(7) See you later./See you soon. 之后見/ 我的電話壞了。(8) My phone isn't working. Unit 8 Is there a p

34、ost office near there? 一、詞組 隔壁next to 在. pay phone 投幣式公用電話 post office 郵局 之間.和.前面 betweenand 在 across from 在.對(duì)面in front of 在. on the right/left 在右邊在左邊 in the neighborhood 在附近 on a street 在街上 在附近 near后面behind在 on Green street 在格林街上 welcome to 歡迎走 go straight 一直走 go down(along)沿著. have fun 過得愉快 /doing

35、enjoy+名詞喜歡做某事 向右左轉(zhuǎn) turn right/left on one's right/left 在某人的右邊左邊 讓某人做某事 let sb do sth the way to 去.的路 take a walk 散步. 穿過 go through.take a taxi 打的乘出租車 玩的開心，過得愉快 旅途愉快=have a good time. have a good trip /in（大地方）到達(dá)arrive at（小地方） 在.結(jié)束的時(shí)候.開始的時(shí)候 at the end of at the beginning of 在 hope sb. to do sth.）h

36、ope to do sth/that/for sth 希望做某事 （不可以用 help sb.to do sth./sb. sth. 幫助某人某事 in front of 與in the front of 的區(qū)別 in front of就是指在某物的前方；in the front of是指在某物的內(nèi)部靠前的地方。 e.g. sit in the front of the classroom. 指坐在教室前排的。 )。教室外面的前面 sit in front of the classroom指坐在教室前面 ( It cost sb. st. to do sth./some moey 花費(fèi)時(shí)間/金

37、錢做某事 sb. spend time on sth. /(in) doing sth./sb. spend some money. 二、句型。 1、Is there a .?句型Eg: -Excuse me. Is there a hotel in /near the neighborhood. -Yes, there is. No. there isn't Eg: 句型?Where is 、2 -Where is the park, please? -It's behind the bank.(肯定回答) -I'm sorry I don't know. (

38、否定回答) 3、Which is the way to +地點(diǎn)? 句型.如： Which is the way to the library? 4、How can I get to +地點(diǎn)?句型.如： How can I get to the restaurant? 5、Can you tell me the way to +地點(diǎn)？/Could you please tell me .句型.如： Can you tell me the way to the post office? 6、Let me tell you the way to my house. 7、Just go straigh

39、t and turn left. 三、日常交際用語 1、Is there a bank near here? Yes, there is .It's on Centre Street. /No, there isn't. 2、Where's the supermarket? It's next to the library. 3、Bridge Street is a good place to have fun. 4、I hope you have a good trip. 5If you are hungry,you can buy food in the r

40、estaurant. 6、Talk a walk though the park. 7、I know you are arriving next Sunday. 我知道你下周日要來。 8、Time goes by./time goes quickly. 時(shí)間流逝/時(shí)間流逝得飛快 Unit 9 What dose he look like? 一、詞組 curly /short/straight/long hair卷短直發(fā) of medium height/build中等高度身體 a little bit+形容詞 一點(diǎn)兒 a pop singer 一位流行歌手 be popular with sb

41、 在流行 notany more 不再 good-looking 好看 wear glasses 戴眼鏡 have a new look 呈現(xiàn)新面貌 the captain of the basketball team 籃球隊(duì)隊(duì)長 Nobody knows me 沒有人認(rèn)識(shí)我 二、句型 1）-What does he look like? -He's really short. He has short hair./ He is of medium build. 2）Do you know I have a new friend in Class Five？ 3）-She has be

42、autiful, long black hair. -I don't think he's so great . 6) stop doing(sth)表示停止正在干的事 如: He stop listening-She never stops talking. stop to do (sth)表示停下來去做某事 如: He stops to listen. 7) I can go shopping and nobody knows me. 8) -Is he tall or short? He's of medium height. 9) He has long str

43、aight brown hair. 描述順序：形狀大?。╨ong/short）-年齡-顏色-國籍 I'd like some noodles.Unit 10 一、詞組 would like+ n/to do 想要 a large/medium/small bowl of 大碗/中碗/小碗 what size 什么尺寸 orange juice 桔汁 green tea 綠茶 what kind of 表示.的種類 a kind of 一種 some kind of 許多種 a bowl of rice 一碗米飯 a bottle of orange juice 一瓶桔子汁(不可數(shù)) t

44、hree oranges 三個(gè)桔子(可數(shù))some chicken 一些雞肉(不可數(shù)) three chickens 三只小雞(可數(shù)) gongbao chicken 宮爆雞丁 mapo tofu 麻婆豆腐 cut up 切碎 cut down 砍下 cut off 切斷 cut out 切掉 二、句型 ）What kind of would you like? 你想要? ）-What size bowl of noodles would you like? -I like a small bowl of noodles. ）We have large ,medium, and small b

45、owls. ）I like dumplings, I don't like noodles. 三、日常交際用語 ）-Can I help you?/ What can I do for you?/May I take your order? -I'd like some noodles. please. ）-What kind of noodles would you like? -I'd like mutton and potato noodles. Please. ）-Would you like a cup of green tea? -Yes, please.

46、/No, thanks would like后面還可以跟不定式.即: A: would like to do sth.想要做某事 He would like to see you today. B:would like sb.to.do.sth.想要某人做某事 What would you like me to do. If If 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句 主句用一般將來時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 e.g. If he or she blows(從句) out all the candles in one go, the wish will （主句）come true. If it doesn'

47、t （從句）rain, we will（主句） play basketball. It it 作形式主語。結(jié)構(gòu)：it+be(is/was)+（for sb.）+to do sth. （對(duì)某人來說）做某事怎么樣 e.g. It's getting more and more popular to have cake on your birthday. = It becomes more and more popular that people have cake on their birthday. Unit 11 How was you weekend? 一、詞組 do some re

48、ading 閱讀 study for the (math) test 準(zhǔn)備（數(shù)學(xué)）考試 have a party/ do some sports 做運(yùn)動(dòng) practice+n/doing 練習(xí) what aout/ How about+n/doing 做什么怎么樣 stay at home 呆家里 go to summer camp 去夏令營 go shopping 去購物 去爬山 go to the mountains 游泳/去沙灘 go to the beach/poollast month 上個(gè)月 three days ago 三天前 yesterday 昨天 the day before yesteday 前天 the day after tomorrow 后天 look for 尋找 look after 照顧，看管 look out (for) 留神，注意 look up 查找 go for a walk 散步 in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早上在下午在晚上 on Sunday morning 在某個(gè)具體一天的上午、下午用介詞on play computer games 玩電腦游戲 spend money/time on sth/(in) doing sth 花費(fèi)做 watch sb do/doing sth 看某人做了某事/正