高級英語第6冊unit-6matriculation-fixation培訓(xùn)資料

1、2022-4-12高級英語第6冊unit-6Matriculation-Fixation2022-4-12Warm-up Questions: 1. Why do some people in modern time have an obsessive interest in attending elite colleges? 2. How do universities influence our life?2022-4-12Chinas 10 top universities2022-4-12Ivy League university a group of eight traditiona

2、l universities in the eastern US with high academic standards and a high social status Harvard University Yale University University of Pennsylvania（賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)；賓州大學(xué)）（賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)；賓州大學(xué)） Princeton University （普林斯頓大學(xué)（普林斯頓大學(xué) ） Columbia University（哥倫比亞大學(xué)）（哥倫比亞大學(xué)） Brown University （布朗大學(xué)）（布朗大學(xué)） Dartmouth College （

3、達特茅斯學(xué)院（達特茅斯學(xué)院 ） Cornell University（康乃爾大學(xué)（康乃爾大學(xué) ）2022-4-12Text Explanations In the essay the author offers his sincere advice to those parents who have college- bound children. He first criticizes some parents who try to select universities for their children. He points out that a good university doe

4、s not necessarily guarantee a successful career. This is supported by the example of his high school friends. 2022-4-12 Then he tells those disillusioned parents whose children are unlikely to enter prestigious universities that many people achieve huge success in this society without a degree from

5、a prestigious university. This is supported by his own experience. Finally he reminds those parents that life doesnt have just one act. There is often Act Two. And Act Five.2022-4-12 Detailed Study of TextParagraph 1-2 These two paragraphs make up the introductory part in which the author uses an an

6、ecdote as a starting point of the essay.2022-4-12Paragraph 1Language points: languish: v. lose vigor, health, or flesh, as through grief; have a desire for something or someone who is not present; become feeble 憔悴；凋萎；失去活力；憔悴；凋萎；失去活力；受煎熬；長期受苦；變得衰弱受煎熬；長期受苦；變得衰弱 undivided: adj. not parted by conflict o

7、f opinion; not shared by or among others專心的；專一的；未分開的；完整的專心的；專一的；未分開的；完整的 2022-4-12 wear on: pass slowly (of time)緩慢地進行；時間的流逝緩慢地進行；時間的流逝 Eg: Itll work against our allies if we let this battle wear on too long.如果把戰(zhàn)如果把戰(zhàn)斗拖得斗拖得太長，對太長，對我們的盟軍不利我們的盟軍不利。 wear out: deteriorate through use or stress磨損磨損 Eg: Pe

8、ople are like machines: they wear out.人人也象機器一樣，會磨損。也象機器一樣，會磨損。2022-4-12 garner: (v.) acquire or deserve by ones efforts or actions; store grain; assemble or get together; collect sth., usually after with much work or with difficulty獲得；儲存；獲得；儲存；收集收集 In short, anyone who thinks new thoughts or does ne

9、w deeds is likely to garner disapproval and criticism from someone.簡而言之，任何有新思簡而言之，任何有新思想、做新行為的人都可能遭到某人的不贊成和批評。想、做新行為的人都可能遭到某人的不贊成和批評。2022-4-12Paragraph 2Language points: bright but not brilliant： smart but not outstanding. first-tier tier: one of two or more layers one atop another層，等級層，等級 first-tie

10、r: first-rate; first-class echelon: a body of troops arranged in a line梯隊梯隊;階層階層 second-echelon: second-rate; second-class2022-4-12 Money being tight: not having much money with other college-bound children in the family queue: with a number of children in a family who are going to go to college one

11、 after another in a few years. college-bound: going to college rue: feel remorse for; feel sorry for; be contrite about 后悔，懊悔后悔，懊悔2022-4-12 QUESTION：What does the sentence. fewer contacts would be made mean? The sentence means that since it was a local university, there would be fewer chances to est

12、ablish a network of interpersonal relationships that could be potentially helpful in the future.2022-4-12 within striking distance： very near to obtaining or achieving something. Eg: Hard luck! You came within striking distance of beating the record.真倒霉！你眼看就要打破紀真倒霉！你眼看就要打破紀錄了錄了。 yellow brick road: P

13、95 notes (2) means the road of gold, which is a metaphor for success.2022-4-12 Her degree would put her within striking distance of the yellow brick road, but not physically on the road itself. After she graduates from a second-class university, she will be close to ,the path to success, though not

14、directly on it, but still there will be a gap between. 2022-4-12Paragraphs 3 - 4 In these two paragraphs, as a response to the mans story, the author tries to give some advice by relating his own experiences, i.e. his high school friends, his university days, and his present career. 2022-4-12Paragra

15、phs 3 a man of the world: a man who has lots of experience in coping with certain situations or people.通世故的人，通世故的人，精通世故的人精通世故的人 requisite： (n.) anything indispensable必需品必需品; (adj.)necessary for relief or supply必不可少必不可少的，必需的的，必需的2022-4-12 mediate: act between parties with a view to reconciling differ

16、ences 調(diào)解，斡旋調(diào)解，斡旋 in question： being talked about, under discussion.討論中討論中的，考慮中的的，考慮中的 The analysis in question, however, refers to the process of a systematic, minute analysis.這里所這里所講的分析過程，是指系統(tǒng)的周密的分析過程。講的分析過程，是指系統(tǒng)的周密的分析過程。 I was out of town on the night in question.2022-4-12Paragraphs 4 carve out： t

17、o successfully create or obtain sth., espeically a work position, by working for it.艱苦創(chuàng)業(yè)，奮斗取得艱苦創(chuàng)業(yè)，奮斗取得（事業(yè)，名聲等）（事業(yè)，名聲等） Persistence will carve out a way to success.只要堅只要堅持到底，就一定能成功。持到底，就一定能成功。 niche ： a position particularly well suited to the person who occupies it合適的職業(yè)合適的職業(yè) “to carve out a nice lit

18、tle niche for myself”： secure myself a good and comfortable position by hard work and great effort.2022-4-12QUESTIONQUESTION What does the author mean by . the sun never set What does the author mean by . the sun never set without my thankinwithout my thanking God g God for . ?for . ? The author mea

19、ns that every day he felt grateful to God The author means that every day he felt grateful to God for what he learnt frfor what he learnt from his om his talented and dedicated talented and dedicated fessors. Translations: 我的大學(xué)生活是這輩子最開心的一段日子我的大學(xué)生活是這輩子最開心的一段日子之一，那些才華橫溢、專注學(xué)問的教授們給了我無窮的啟之一

20、，那些才華橫溢、專注學(xué)問的教授們給了我無窮的啟發(fā)和靈感，為此，我每天都在感謝上帝。發(fā)和靈感，為此，我每天都在感謝上帝。2022-4-12 “pressed for biographical data”： urged to give personal information. freelance (n.) a writer or artist who sells services to different employers without a long-term contract with any of them;自由作家自由作家 (v.) work independently and on

21、temporary contracts rather than for a long-term employer自由自由撰稿的撰稿的 tick off： 列舉；用記號勾出列舉；用記號勾出2022-4-12 credentials : n. (proof of ) abilities and experience which make someone suitable for a particular job pr activity 資格，資歷，證書，證件資格，資歷，證書，證件 V. credential 提供證明書（或證件）提供證明書（或證件） What credentials do you

22、need for the dream jobs out there?想得到你夢想中的工作，你需要想得到你夢想中的工作，你需要哪些資格證書呢？哪些資格證書呢？2022-4-12Paragraphs 5 and 6 feign: V. to pretend to feel sth., usually an emotion 假裝，假裝，裝作裝作 Some animals feign death when in danger.有些動物遇到危險時便裝死。 curriculum vitae： a summary of your academic and work history, a resume 簡歷簡

23、歷 “he was devastated” ： he was extremely upset and worried2022-4-12 Though he tried to feign interest in my pathetic curriculum vitae, I could see that he was devastated.： Though he acted as if he was interested in my pitiable CV, I could see that he was upset. From Para.5-6, it should be noted that

24、 the man is not very responsive and interested in the authors account, which evokes the authors comment I never did find out why he was visiting the hospital. 2022-4-12Paragraphs 7 neurotic: (n.)a person suffering from neurosis; (adj.) affected with emotional disorder 神經(jīng)病患者；神經(jīng)神經(jīng)病患者；神經(jīng)質(zhì)的，神經(jīng)病的質(zhì)的，神經(jīng)病的

25、gabbiness n. excessive talkativeness. adj. gabby 健談的，多嘴的，饒舌的健談的，多嘴的，饒舌的 Her gabbiness keeps us away from her.她太羅嗦，我她太羅嗦，我們都躲著她。們都躲著她。 “the neurotic gabbiness” ： tendency to talk excessively because of oversensitivity to or over-indulgence in certain topics.2022-4-12 Translation of “I mention this in

26、cident because.send their children to college”. 我之所以提起這件事，是因為它說明談到送孩子上我之所以提起這件事，是因為它說明談到送孩子上大學(xué)這件事，父母們就不由自主地神經(jīng)兮兮，大學(xué)這件事，父母們就不由自主地神經(jīng)兮兮，啰啰里里啰啰嗦。嗦。 whereof (adv.& conj.) of which, about it，related to it；of what 關(guān)于什么關(guān)于什么 I know whereof speak: I know what I speak of2022-4-12 follow suit do what someone

27、 else is doing We see another yawn, and our impulse is to follow suit.當我們看到別人打哈欠的時候，我們也會當我們看到別人打哈欠的時候，我們也會跟著打哈欠。跟著打哈欠。 “every dark cloud has a silver lining” A proverb, meaning “every trouble has something hopeful in it.黑暗中總有一線光明黑暗中總有一線光明 / 困境之中也會終有困境之中也會終有希望希望 mind-numbing adj. that makes people un

28、easy or slow in reaction.使人頭腦麻木的使人頭腦麻木的;令人心煩意亂的令人心煩意亂的 Dont always sit on that couch watching mind-numbing, spirit crushing game shows不要總坐在沙不要總坐在沙發(fā)上看那些無聊透頂?shù)墓?jié)目發(fā)上看那些無聊透頂?shù)墓?jié)目2022-4-12 “On this subject, I am completely lapped out.”： I have no interest in this subject at all.這個話題我這個話題我是完全不想談了。是完全不想談了。 “be

29、 lapped out”: be eliminated in a race； left behind Teachers should avoid being lapped out in the fields of new technology.老師們應(yīng)該避免在新技術(shù)方老師們應(yīng)該避免在新技術(shù)方面跟不上形勢。面跟不上形勢。2022-4-12 QUESTION in paragraph 7 Why does the author say that he will never participate in a mind-numbing discussion about college selectio

30、n process, once his kids have left home? The author believes that such discussions are meaningless or even harmful. Here, he seems to suggest that for those parents who happen to make the right selections for their children or whose children go to prestigious universities such a topic would be self-

31、aggrandizing(夸大夸大), but for those who fail to make the right selections or whose children go to less prestigious universities such a topic would be self-flagellatory（鞭打）（鞭打）. 2022-4-12Paragraphs 8 stem from: come from, originate from起源于，來自于起源于，來自于 Her problems stem from her difficult childhood. unal

32、loyed： pure; 純粹的，未摻雜的純粹的，未摻雜的 We had the perfect holiday - two weeks of unalloyed bliss This lack of interest does not stem from pure selfishness or unalloyed contempt for other peoples offspring.: The reason why I am not interested in it is not because I am selfish or look down upon other peoples c

33、hildren.2022-4-12 banal: adj. boring, ordinary and not original 陳腐的，平庸陳腐的，平庸的，老一套的的，老一套的 self-aggrandizing: adj. self-important, arrogant自我擴張的；傲慢的自我擴張的；傲慢的 self-flagellatory : adj. self-punishing punitive: adj. intended as a punishment懲罰性的懲罰性的 Chinese translation of “rather, I feelor putitive.”: 而是我

34、覺得幾乎所有有關(guān)選大學(xué)這個過程的談話而是我覺得幾乎所有有關(guān)選大學(xué)這個過程的談話都是老生常談，自吹自擂要么就是痛批自己，苦都是老生常談，自吹自擂要么就是痛批自己，苦不堪言。不堪言。2022-4-12 cribbage: a card game. 克里巴奇牌游戲克里巴奇牌游戲Question: What does cribbage stand for? Here it is used in contrast to mind-numbing discussion. Thus it stands for something entertaining, rather than boring or aff

35、licting.2022-4-12Conclusion about Para.7-8 These tow paragraphs play an important role in the essay. On the one hand, they are the authors comments elicited by the incident; on the other hand, they function as a transition to further discussion on the matter.2022-4-12Para.9 infuriating: adj. making

36、someone extreme angry validate: v. to make sth. officially accepted or approved, especially after examining it 證實，確認，使有效證實，確認，使有效 closure“: when an event or a period of time is brought to an end, or the feeling that something has been completely dealt with. Funerals help give people a sense of closu

37、re.2022-4-12 The most infuriating conversation is the one where the parent clearly seeks a decisive career-validating moment of emotional closure.: The most annoying conversation is the one where the parent tries to be emotionally settled once for all by selecting for the child a good college that g

38、uarantees his or her future career Chinese version of “The most infuriating.emotional closure.” 最令人怒不可遏的談話是，參與談話的家長認為自己在子最令人怒不可遏的談話是，參與談話的家長認為自己在子女上大學(xué)問題上已大功告成，而把這類交談當成正式宣告女上大學(xué)問題上已大功告成，而把這類交談當成正式宣告擺脫此類苦惱擺脫此類苦惱/ /折磨的良機。折磨的良機。2022-4-12 irrevocable: impossible to change不可改變的，不能撤銷的不可改變的，不能撤銷的 Such indivi

39、duals believe that securing admission to a top-flight university provides child with an irrevocable passport to success： Such people believe that if a child succeeds in getting admission to a first-rate university, then he or she will be guaranteed successful future.2022-4-12 mirth: laughter, amusem

40、ent or happiness歡樂，歡笑，幸福歡樂，歡笑，幸福 “economic mirth”：happiness and contentment with economic success upwardly mobile: (社會，經(jīng)濟地位）上升的，有上升趨勢的社會，經(jīng)濟地位）上升的，有上升趨勢的 chucklehead: n. a stupid person, a blockhead 傻瓜，笨蛋傻瓜，笨蛋2022-4-12 belligerence： n. a hostile or warlike attitude, nature, inclination 好戰(zhàn)性，斗爭性好戰(zhàn)性，斗爭性

41、 belligerent adj. “their childrens destinations”： their childrens entry into top universities sotto voce : （said ) in a quiet voice so that only people near can hear;低聲地低聲地 taunt: a scornful remark or tirade 嘲弄，譏諷嘲弄，譏諷2022-4-12 “ . issuing a sotto voce taunt to parents of the less gifted” ： sneering

42、 or laughing quietly at those parents of less gifted children Translation of “Parents such as these upwardly mobile.of the less gifted.” 這些只知道往上爬的愚蠢父母得意地宣稱自己的子女要去這些只知道往上爬的愚蠢父母得意地宣稱自己的子女要去哪里念書，陶醉在自己的成功之中，殊不知這種近乎普魯哪里念書，陶醉在自己的成功之中，殊不知這種近乎普魯士式的挑釁做法，卻是對那些兒女并不出色的父母們的侮士式的挑釁做法，卻是對那些兒女并不出色的父母們的侮辱和嘲諷。辱和嘲諷。202

43、2-4-12 prep: n. preparatory school-a private school for children over the age of 11, which prepares them to go to college預(yù)備學(xué)校預(yù)備學(xué)校 heck： 真見鬼（真見鬼（hellhell的委婉說法）的委婉說法） Tuscany： n. 托斯卡納區(qū)（意大利行政區(qū)名）托斯卡納區(qū)（意大利行政區(qū)名） Chinese translation of “Now we can get.and move to Tuscany.” 我們現(xiàn)在可以離開這兒了我們現(xiàn)在可以離開這兒了 ，搬到意大利托斯卡納

44、，搬到意大利托斯卡納去享受人生了。去享受人生了。2022-4-12 Question: How do those parents feel when their children enter a top university? They feel that their childrens future is guaranteed and their mission as parents fulfilled. Conclusion of Para 9 In paragraph 9, the author criticizes parents who try to make the selecti

45、on of colleges for their children.2022-4-12Para.10 . age seventeen. Or twenty-one”: a child is supposed to enter college at seventeen and graduate at twenty-one. screwup: n. one that makes a mess of an undertaking 弄糟事情的人弄糟事情的人 screw up 把事情弄糟把事情弄糟 Eg: Having the car stolen completely screwed up our h

46、oliday plans.2022-4-12 first-class screwups“: absolute and hopeless failures In real life, some children get the finest educations but still become first-class screwups.: In real life, some very promising children with very good schooling turn out to be complete failures.2022-4-12 on skid row: poor,

47、 without a job or place to live, and often drinking too much alcohol. skid row 貧民區(qū)貧民區(qū) end up on welfare or skid row“: eventually live on social welfare for their survival That is why Nature gives you the job.: That is why Nature gives you the job of being parents. P962022-4-12 Conclusion of Para 10

48、In this paragraph the author airs his view, which is different from that of the parent mentioned in the preceding paragraph. He argues that a good university does not necessarily guarantee a successful career, and asserts that parents responsibility does not end when their children leave home for un

49、iversity.2022-4-12Para.11 make the cut: make the grade 成功，達到標準成功，達到標準 Brand X: 蹩腳的蹩腳的;非名牌的非名牌的;非名牌產(chǎn)品非名牌產(chǎn)品 “. their Brand X children arent going to make the cut”： . their children fall into the generic（一般的）（一般的） or common variety that are not likely to achieve much and cannot possibly be admitted to

50、prestigious universities. To make the cut is an informal American expression that means to attain a particular goal. To make the cut literally means to be accepted into a sports team.2022-4-12 AP course：Advanced Placement大學(xué)預(yù)修課程大學(xué)預(yù)修課程 AP課程及考試始于1955年，由美國大學(xué)理事會（College Board）主辦，在高中階段開設(shè)的具有大學(xué)水平的課程，共有22個門類

51、、37個學(xué)科。該項考試的目的在于，使高中學(xué)生提前接觸大學(xué)課程，完成一些美國大學(xué)的學(xué)分課程及考試。AP課程及考試可以為高中生起到減免大學(xué)學(xué)分、降低大學(xué)教育成本、縮短大學(xué)教育時間的目的，同時AP考試成績可以作為申請大學(xué)的一個重要籌碼。 2022-4-12 take a toll: if sth. takes a toll, it causes suffering , deaths or damage產(chǎn)生負面影響；產(chǎn)生痛苦；造成損失產(chǎn)生負面影響；產(chǎn)生痛苦；造成損失 toll: (為報死亡時刻、噩耗等為報死亡時刻、噩耗等)鳴鐘鳴鐘; grandiose: larger and containing m

52、ore detail than necessary, or intended to seem important or splendid. 浮夸的；浮夸的；宏偉的，堂皇的宏偉的，堂皇的 delivery-room: 產(chǎn)房產(chǎn)房2022-4-12 Amherst, Bard and Duke: three prestigious private universities in the United States. note 5-7 P96QUESTION What does the author mean by those grandiose delivery-room dreams of Amh

53、erst, Bard, and Duke are suddenly going up in smoke?2022-4-12 The author means that beautiful dreams which those parents have cherished since children were born are now totally smashed and have disappeared. “ Translation: 想當年孩子出生的時候，夢想著他們有朝想當年孩子出生的時候，夢想著他們有朝一日進入名牌大學(xué)一日進入名牌大學(xué)(阿姆赫斯特、巴德、杜阿姆赫斯特、巴德、杜克克)的希

54、望如今灰飛煙滅。的希望如今灰飛煙滅。2022-4-12 bashful: adj. 害羞的，靦腆的害羞的，靦腆的 shamefacedly： adv. 羞愧地，羞怯地羞愧地，羞怯地 progeny: n .(plural) the young or offspring of a person, animal or plant 子孫，后裔子孫，后裔 skulk: v. to hide or move as if trying not to be seen 躲藏，躲藏，偷偷摸摸地行走偷偷摸摸地行走 “the glamourless institutions their progeny are sk

55、ulking off to” ： the obscure universities their children are going to, which they feel too ashamed to let others know about.2022-4-12 Bashfully, shamefacedly, miserably, these parents now mumble the names of the glamourless institutions their progeny are skulking off to.： Embarrassedly, guiltily, so

56、rrowfully, these parents now dare not utter loudly the names of those low-grade institutions where their children are quietly entering because they are ashamed of themselves. Translation: 這些父母們只有羞愧、丟臉而且痛苦地念叨著他們的孩子這些父母們只有羞愧、丟臉而且痛苦地念叨著他們的孩子即將偷偷摸摸去念書的學(xué)校名字。即將偷偷摸摸去念書的學(xué)校名字。2022-4-12 jeopardy: if sth. is i

57、n jeopardy, it is in danger of being damaged or destroyed. Here it refers to an award-winning quiz show (智力競賽節(jié)目智力競賽節(jié)目) Look at the note 8 on P96 whose capitals only repeat winners on Jeopardy! can name. : whose state capitals are so obscure that only people who often win on game shows like Jeopardy!

58、 can name. The sentence means that the children who could not make it into the most famous universities are now attending schools in very remote, unknown places.2022-4-12 Translation of “they are colleges you nevercan Translation of “they are colleges you nevercan name.”name.” 這些名字總是你聞所未聞的，所在的小鎮(zhèn)也是誰這

59、些名字總是你聞所未聞的，所在的小鎮(zhèn)也是誰都不想去的，所處的州首府只有記憶力大賽的優(yōu)都不想去的，所處的州首府只有記憶力大賽的優(yōu)勝者才說的出。勝者才說的出。 glum:glum: adj. disappointed or unhappy, and quiet adj. disappointed or unhappy, and quiet 失望的，失望的，陰沉的，郁悶的陰沉的，郁悶的2022-4-12Conclusion of Para 11 In this paragraph the author gives an illustration of the second category/group

60、 of people who are obsessed with college selection. They are disillusioned parents whose children are unlikely to enter prestigious universities.2022-4-12Para.12 Of mice and Mensa: Note 2 on P96 Reality has a way of upsetting the worst-laid plans of Mice and Mensa. The best-laid plans of mice and men of