精編外研必修四module1知識(shí)與練習(xí)VIP

1、精編外研版必修四module1知識(shí)與練習(xí).單詞薈萃1. _ vt. 預(yù)測(cè)，預(yù)言 _ n. 預(yù)測(cè)predictable adj. 可預(yù)言的，可預(yù)報(bào)的2. _ adj.危險(xiǎn)的；冒險(xiǎn)的risk vt.&n.冒險(xiǎn)3. _ vi. 依賴；依靠 _ adj. 可靠的reliability n. 可靠性4load vt. 裝載n. 裝載量；負(fù)擔(dān) _ v卸貨 _ v. 下載5. _ vt. 供給動(dòng)力n. 動(dòng)力，能力，權(quán)力powered adj. 用動(dòng)力推動(dòng)的，有動(dòng)力裝置的 _ adj. 有力的；有功效的6. _ n失去能力；傷殘disabled adj.殘疾的7. _ adv.無(wú)疑地；確定地defin

2、ite adj. 明確的，一定的8. _ adv.最后；終于eventual adj. 最后的，最終的.短語(yǔ)檢測(cè)91確切地；肯定地 2自然資源 3用完；耗盡 4依賴；依靠 5替代性能源 6除掉；處理掉 7免費(fèi) 8履行；實(shí)施；執(zhí)行 9被附在/粘在 10. 小心；當(dāng)心 11. 即將被淘汰；即將過(guò)時(shí) 12. 作為開(kāi)始；首先；第一點(diǎn) for sure natural resources run out/use up rely on alternative energy get rid of free of charge carry out be attached to look out/be care

3、ful on the way out for a start .佳句再現(xiàn)1No one knows _, and _ is a risky business. 誰(shuí)也說(shuō)不準(zhǔn)，并且猜測(cè)也是件冒險(xiǎn)的事。2. _ garbage problems, the city will _ huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun, _ landfill and environmental problems. 為了擺脫垃圾問(wèn)題的困擾，城市將會(huì)用巨型宇宙飛船裝載廢棄材料，朝太陽(yáng)發(fā)射，防止垃圾填埋和環(huán)境問(wèn)題。3Everyon

4、e will be given a telephone number atbirththat will never change_. 每個(gè)人一出生就會(huì)給予一個(gè)電話號(hào)碼，將來(lái)無(wú)論他們住在哪里，這個(gè)電話號(hào)碼都不會(huì)改變。4Distance surgery will become _ as doctors _ from thousands of miles away, with each city _ its own telesurgery outpatient clinic. 隨著每個(gè)城市都擁有自己的遠(yuǎn)程手術(shù)門(mén)診部，醫(yī)生將能從數(shù)千里以外實(shí)施手術(shù)，遠(yuǎn)程手術(shù)將變得非常平常。5Senior citizen

5、s and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world _ hightech cameras _ their head.年長(zhǎng)的市民和殘疾人通過(guò)使用綁在頭上的高新技術(shù)相機(jī)可以周游世界。 6. Dont call me before seven. I will _. 不要在七點(diǎn)之前給我打電話。那時(shí)我將在穿衣服。詞匯學(xué)習(xí)1alternativeadj. (available in place of sth. else; other)替換的；供選擇的n. (sth. you can choose to do or

6、use instead of sth. else) 可供選擇的事物(1)alternatively adv. 二者擇一地(2)have no alternative/choice but to do 別無(wú)選擇只能alternative ways 可供選擇的方法【易混辨析】alternative和 choice(1)alternative意為“取舍，抉擇”，一般指從兩者中選擇一個(gè)，只限辦法、打算，而不能指具體的事物。(2)choice意為“選擇”，強(qiáng)調(diào)自由的選擇，不管選擇方式及對(duì)象的多少?！净顚W(xué)活用】1根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子(1)Do you have _ to the problem?你有沒(méi)有別

7、的辦法來(lái)解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題？(2)We _ Gibson. 我們別無(wú)他法，只能辭退了吉布森。(3)What influenced you most in your _ of career?在你選擇職業(yè)時(shí)對(duì)你影響最大的是什么？2單項(xiàng)填空If you dont like the school lunch，you have the _ of bringing your own. A. choice B. alternative C. right D. preparation 【解析】 B句意為：要是你不喜歡學(xué)校準(zhǔn)備的午餐，可以自己帶飯。alternative可供選擇的事物，have the alterna

8、tive of強(qiáng)調(diào)“有另外一種選擇”。choice表示“選擇”不用于這個(gè)搭配，而且“可以有多個(gè)選擇”。right表示“權(quán)利”可以用于have the right to do sth.有權(quán)利做某事。 2loadn( a large quantity of sth. that is carried by a vehicle, person, etc.)負(fù)荷；重?fù)?dān)；裝載量v. (to put a large quantity of sth. into a vehicle or container)裝(載)；使擔(dān)負(fù)(1)be/take a load off sb.s mind心上的石頭落地， 使如釋重

9、負(fù) (2)loadinto 把裝進(jìn)loadwith 給裝上/加上be loaded with 裝載有，負(fù)擔(dān)有【活學(xué)活用】(1)The good news has taken _. 聽(tīng)了這條好消息我就放心了。(2)The dockers are _ coal. 碼頭工人正把煤裝上船。(3)He went home _ honours. 他載譽(yù)回鄉(xiāng)。 3chargev. (to ask sb. for a particular amount of money for sth. you are selling)收費(fèi)；充電；指控，指責(zé)n. (the amount of money you have t

10、o pay for goods or services)收費(fèi)，要價(jià)； 指控；掌管(1)take charge of負(fù)責(zé)，掌管(動(dòng)作) in charge of 負(fù)責(zé)，掌管(狀態(tài)) in/under the charge of 由負(fù)責(zé)(2)free of charge(for free) 免費(fèi)the charge for sth. 某物的收費(fèi)charge sb. for sth. 為某物向某人收費(fèi)(3)charge sb. with sth. 因某事控告某人【易混辨析】charge, price和cost這三個(gè)單詞雖然都與“價(jià)錢，價(jià)格”有關(guān)，但三者的真正含義和用途是不一樣的，區(qū)別如下：(1)ch

11、arge一般是賣者或提供服務(wù)者索要的“費(fèi)用”。如： All goods are delivered free of charge.(2)price一般指商品的售價(jià)，有時(shí)是泛指“物價(jià)”。如：What is the price of this table Prices in this country are very high. (3)cost則指生產(chǎn)某東西的成本，或者某服務(wù)或活動(dòng)所花的費(fèi)用。如： the cost of production 【活學(xué)活用】1. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選擇charge，price或cost的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)We were shocked by the _ of a cup of

12、 coffee in London.(2)Whats the _ for your delivery?(3)The shop was not making enough money to cover its _.2. 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子(1)As long as youve paid in advance we wont _ delivery. 只要你預(yù)先付款， 我們就不收你送貨費(fèi)。(2)These patients are _ Dr. Wilson. 這些病人是威爾遜醫(yī)生負(fù)責(zé)治療的。(3)Tom _ the government after the military took over i

13、n 1975. 1975年軍事政變后湯姆掌管了政府。4attachv( fasten or connect one object to another)將某物系在、縛在或附在(另一物)上(1)attachto 把連/拴/裝/貼在上面be attached to sth./sb. 被裝/綁/固定/粘在上；喜歡，依戀(某人)(2)attach importance/significance to 重視，認(rèn)為很重要【活學(xué)活用】(1)_ your application form. 請(qǐng)?jiān)谇舐毐砩腺N一張最近的照片。(2)She _ regular exercise. 她認(rèn)為定期鍛煉很重要。 短語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)1r

14、un out (of a supply of sth.) be used up, finished or exhausted(供應(yīng)品)用完， 耗盡run out of sth. (of a person) use up or finish (a supply of sth.)(指人)用完， 耗盡(供應(yīng)品)(1)use up 用完；耗盡give out 分發(fā)，發(fā)布，公布；被用完，耗盡(2)run into 撞上，偶然遇到；遭遇，陷入run across 偶然遇見(jiàn)(或看到)【易錯(cuò)警示】run out是不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，其主語(yǔ)通常是時(shí)間、金錢、食物等無(wú)生命的名詞。run out of則是及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，

15、主語(yǔ)是人，后接賓語(yǔ)。use up是及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于run out of；而give out 是不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，表示“(某物)用完了，沒(méi)有了”，無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?！净顚W(xué)活用】1根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子(1)We _ petrol.我們的汽油快用光了。(2)The project is _ financial difficulties. 這一項(xiàng)目遇到了財(cái)務(wù)困難。2單項(xiàng)填空It is predicated that existing reserves of fossil fuel _ by 2045. A. have been run outB. are going to be run outC. wil

16、l have run outD. have run out【解析】 C考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。run out是不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，通常以物作主語(yǔ)。再結(jié)合后面的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)by 2045可知應(yīng)該用將來(lái)完成時(shí)，由此可以判斷答案為C。2rely on/upon(to trust or depend on)依靠，信賴，指望 (1)rely on sb. to do sth. 指望或依賴某人做某事 rely on sb. sb. (s) doing sth. 指望或依賴某人做某事 rely on sb./sth. for sth. 依靠獲得 rely on it that 指望相信(2)count o

17、n 依靠，信賴，指望(3)depend on 依靠，信賴；取決于【溫馨提示】rely on后面用that從句作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，中間需要加形式賓語(yǔ)it。如：You can rely on it that it will rain this weekend. 你放心好了， 本周末一定下雨?！净顚W(xué)活用】(1)You may _. 你可以依靠我來(lái)幫助你的。(2)Many people now _ news.現(xiàn)在很多人依賴互聯(lián)網(wǎng)獲得新聞。(3)How much is produced _ how hard we work. 產(chǎn)量的大小在于我們努力的程度。3look out(for sb./sth.) (be c

18、areful; watch out)當(dāng)心， 注意；look sth. out (search for sth. and find it)查出，找出(1) watch out (for) 當(dāng)心；小心；提防 take care 當(dāng)心；小心 be careful 當(dāng)心；小心(2)look after 照顧；照看look into 調(diào)查；審查look down on/upon 輕視；看不起look forward to 盼望；期待look over 查看；(仔細(xì))檢查look through 檢查；瀏覽look up 抬頭向上看；查找，查閱【活學(xué)活用】用look短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)_！Theres

19、 danger ahead!(2)A working party has been set up to _ the problem.(3)If you want to know how a word is used, _ it _ in the dictionary. (4)Dont _ people whove never been to university. (5)She likes _ newspapers at breakfast. 4carry out (to do sth. that you have said you will do or that sb. has asked

20、you to do)履行， 實(shí)行，執(zhí)行perform or conduct (an experiment, etc.) 進(jìn)行(實(shí)驗(yàn)等)carry on (with sth./doing sth.)繼續(xù)(做某事)carry on sth. 進(jìn)行某事，開(kāi)展某事be/get carried away 失去自制力，忘乎所以【活學(xué)活用】用carry短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)There is a shortage of people to _ research. (2)Will the government _ its promise to reform the law?(3)Sorry, I interr

21、upted you. Please _. (4)It was so noisy that it was hard to _ a conversation. (5)I just got _ because it was such fun. 句型學(xué)習(xí)1. Im too busy enjoying my life now to worry about the future! 我現(xiàn)在忙于享受生活，沒(méi)時(shí)間為未來(lái)?yè)?dān)憂！【句式點(diǎn)撥】tooto太以至于不能【溫馨提示】 tooto在下列情況下表示肯定含義：(1)當(dāng)too后是glad，pleased，happy，delighted，satisfied，ready

22、，willing，eager，anxious等形容詞時(shí)。如： They are too anxious to leave.他們急于離開(kāi)。He is always too ready to help others. 他總是樂(lè)于助人。與這些詞連用時(shí)，too前還常加上only，all，but，just，simply等副詞，意思不變，因?yàn)檫@些詞加 上too后與very同義。如： Im only too glad to see you.見(jiàn)到你非常高興。They are but too pleased to hear the news.他們聽(tīng)到這則消息，非常高興。(2)與cannot連用時(shí)。You can

23、not be too careful(You can never be careful enough) to do your homework.你做作業(yè)越仔細(xì)越好(無(wú)論怎樣仔細(xì)也不過(guò)分)?！净顚W(xué)活用】同義句轉(zhuǎn)換(1)The room is so small that five people cant live in. The room is _ five people _.(2)The box is too heavy for me to carry. This is _ box for me to carry.(3)I am very pleased to help you. I am on

24、ly _ to help you.單詞拼寫(xiě)1. Childhood experiences often play a big part in _ ones character. 2He was _ (解雇) on the spot. 3They _ (改變 ) the talk to a more interesting subject. 4Bankers are cautiously _ (樂(lè)觀的) about the countrys economic future. 5It is impossible to p_ what will happen. .選詞填空run out， for a

25、 start， carry out， for sure， be attached to1. I think he lives there but I couldnt say _.2. Our salt _. You should buy some.3. I dont want to see him in my house. _, he is too noisy.4. This middle school _ a teachers college.5. A survey is now _ nationwide.單項(xiàng)填空12010·浙江卷 The experiment shows tha

26、t proper amounts of exercise，if _ regularly，can improve our health. Abeing carried out Bcarrying outCcarried out Dto carry out【解析】 C本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。exercise和carry out邏輯上構(gòu)成了被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且此處是省略，故用過(guò)去分詞。22010·江西卷 Parents _ much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceles

27、s gift. Aattach Bpay Clink DApply【解析】 A本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。attach importance to是固定搭配，表示“重視；看重”。3As there is less and less coal and oil, scientists are exploring new ways of making use of energy, such as sunlight, wind and water for power and fuel.Aprimary BalternativeCinstant DUnique【解析】 B本題考查形容詞辨析。既然石油和煤都越來(lái)越少

28、，人們只好使用一些其他可替代這些燃料的東西。alternative 有“可選擇的，可替代的”之意，符合句意。primary首要的，初期的；instant立即的，迅速的；unique獨(dú)特的。4Wait a minute. I'll _ a good book for you to read on the journey.Alook around Blook intoClook up Dlook out【解析】 D本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。look around環(huán)顧；look into調(diào)查；look up抬頭看，查閱；look out查找，找出。5Do you think we should accept that offer?Yes, we should, for we _ such bad luck up till now, and time _ out.Ahave had; is running Bhad; is runningChave; has been run Dhave had; has been run【解析】 A本題考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。前面有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)up ti