數(shù)值分析中常用數(shù)學(xué)詞匯英中文對照翻譯

1、數(shù)值分析中常用數(shù)學(xué)詞匯英中文對照abbreviation 簡寫符號;簡寫absolute error 絕對誤差absolute value 絕對值accelerate 加速accumulation 累積accuracy 準(zhǔn)確度act on 施于action 作用; 作用力add 加addition 加法addition formula 加法公式addition law 加法定律additive property 可加性adjoint matrix 伴隨矩陣algebra 代數(shù)algebraic 代數(shù)的algebraic equation 代數(shù)方程algebraic expression 代數(shù)式

2、algebraic fraction 代數(shù)分式;代數(shù)分?jǐn)?shù)式algebraic inequality 代數(shù)不等式algebraic number 代數(shù)數(shù)algebraic operation 代數(shù)運算algorithm 算法系統(tǒng); 規(guī)則系統(tǒng)alternating series 交錯級數(shù)alternative hypothesis 擇一假設(shè); 備擇假設(shè); 另一假設(shè)analysis 分析;解析angle 角anti-clockwise direction 逆時針方向;返時針方向anti-derivative 反導(dǎo)數(shù); 反微商anti-logarithm 逆對數(shù);反對數(shù)anti-symmetric 反

3、對稱approach 接近;趨近approximate value 近似值approximation 近似;略計;逼近Arabic system 阿刺伯?dāng)?shù)字系統(tǒng)arbitrary 任意arbitrary constant 任意常數(shù)arc 弧arc-cosine function 反余弦函數(shù)arc-sin function 反正弦函數(shù)arc-tangent function 反正切函數(shù)area 面積argument (1論證; (2輻角argument of a function 函數(shù)的自變量arithmetic 算術(shù)array 數(shù)組; 數(shù)組ascending order 遞升序ascendin

4、g powers of X X 的升冪assumption 假定;假設(shè)asymmetrical 非對稱asymptote 漸近augmented matrix 增廣矩陣average 平均;平均數(shù);平均值axiom 公理back substitution 回代base (1底;(2基;基數(shù)basis 基belong to 屬于bias 偏差;偏倚billion 十億binary number 二進(jìn)數(shù)binary operation 二元運算binary system 二進(jìn)制binomial 二項式bisection method 分半法;分半方法boundary condition 邊界條件b

5、oundary line 界(線;邊界bounded 有界的bounded above 有上界的;上有界的bounded below 有下界的;下有界的bounded function 有界函數(shù)bounded sequence 有界序列brace 大括號bracket 括號breadth 闊度calculation 計算calculator 計算器;計算器calculus (1 微積分學(xué); (2 演算cancel 消法;相消Cartesian coordinates 笛卡兒坐標(biāo)category 類型;范疇centre 中心;心chain rule 鏈?zhǔn)椒▌tchance 機會change of

6、base 基的變換change of variable 換元;變量的換characteristic equation 特征(征方程characteristic function 特征(征函數(shù)characteristic root 特征(征根chart 圖;圖表check digit 檢驗數(shù)位checking 驗算circle 圓classification 分類clockwise direction 順時針方向clockwise moment 順時針力矩closed convex region 閉凸區(qū)域closed interval 閉區(qū)間coefficient 系數(shù)cofactor 余因子;

7、 余因式coincide 迭合;重合collection of terms 并項collinear 共線collinear planes 共線面column (1列;縱行;(2 柱column matrix 列矩陣column vector 列向量combination 組合common denominator 同分母;公分母common difference 公差common divisor 公約數(shù);公約common factor 公因子;公因子common multiple 公位數(shù);公倍comparable 可比較的complement 余;補余completing the square

8、配方complex number 復(fù)數(shù)complex number plane 復(fù)數(shù)平面complex root 復(fù)數(shù)根component 分量composite function 復(fù)合函數(shù); 合成函數(shù)computation 計算computer 計算機;電子計算器concept 概念conclusion 結(jié)論condition 條件conditional 條件句;條件式conjugate 共軛constant 常數(shù)constant of integration 積分常數(shù)constraint 約束;約束條件continuity 連續(xù)性continuous function 連續(xù)函數(shù)contra

9、diction 矛盾converge 收斂convergence 收斂性convergent 收斂的convergent iteration 收斂的迭代convergent sequence 收斂序列convergent series 收斂級數(shù)convex 凸convexity 凸性coordinate 坐標(biāo)corollary 系定理; 系; 推論correspondence 對應(yīng)counter clockwise direction 逆時針方向;返時針方向counter example 反例counting 數(shù)數(shù);計數(shù)criterion 準(zhǔn)則critical point 臨界點critica

10、l region 臨界域cirtical value 臨界值cube 正方體;立方;立方體cubic 三次方;立方;三次(的 cubic equation 三次方程cubic roots of unity 單位的立方根cumulative 累積的curve 曲線decimal 小數(shù)decimal place 小數(shù)位decimal point 小數(shù)點decimal system 十進(jìn)制definite integral 定積分definition 定義degree (1 度; (2 次degree of a polynomial 多項式的次數(shù)degree of accuracy 準(zhǔn)確度degre

11、e of ODE 常微分方程次數(shù)delete 刪除; 刪去denary number 十進(jìn)數(shù)denominator 分母dependence (1相關(guān); (2應(yīng)變derivable 可導(dǎo)derivative 導(dǎo)數(shù)determinant 行列式diagonal 對角線diagonal matrix 對角矩陣difference 差difference equation 差分方程differentiable 可微differential 微分differential coefficient 微商; 微分系數(shù)differential equation 微分方程differential mean va

12、lue theorem 微分中值定理differentiate 求.的導(dǎo)數(shù)differentiation 微分法digit 數(shù)字dimension 量; 量網(wǎng); 維(數(shù)direction 方向; 方位discontinuity 不連續(xù)性discontinuous 間斷(的;連續(xù)(的; 不連續(xù)(的discontinuous point 不連續(xù)點discrete 分立; 離散distance 距離diverge 發(fā)散divergence 發(fā)散(性divergent 發(fā)散的divergent iteration 發(fā)散性迭代divergent sequence 發(fā)散序列divide 除dividend

13、 (1被除數(shù);divisible 可整除division 除法division algorithm 除法算式divisor 除數(shù);除式;因子dot 點dot product 點積echelon form 梯陣式echelon matrix 梯矩陣eigenvalue 本征值eigenvector 本征向量element 元素elementary row operation 基本行運算elimination 消法elimination method 消去法;消元法empty set 空集equivalent 等價(的error 誤差error estimate 誤差估計error term 誤差

14、項estimate 估計;估計量evaluate 計值exact 真確exact solution 準(zhǔn)確解;精確解;真確解exact value 法確解;精確解;真確解example 例expand 展開experiment 實驗;試驗experimental 試驗的exponent 指數(shù)exponential function 指數(shù)函數(shù)expressin terms of 以表達(dá)extreme point 極值點extreme value 極值extremum 極值factor 因子;因式;商factor method 因式分解法factorial 階乘factorization 因子分解;

15、因式分解fallacy 謬誤FALSE 假(的falsehood 假值finite 有限finite sequence 有限序列first derivative 一階導(dǎo)數(shù)first order differential equation 一階微分方程fixed point 不動點fixed point iteration method 不動點迭代法for all X 對所有Xfor each /every X 對每一Xform 形式;型format 格式;規(guī)格formula(formulae 公式fraction 分?jǐn)?shù);分式function 函數(shù)fundamental theorem of c

16、alculus 微積分基本定理Gaussian elimination 高斯消去法general form 一般式;通式general solution 通解;一般解general term 通項given 給定;已知global 全局; 整體global maximum 全局極大值; 整體極大值global minimum 全局極小值; 整體極小值gradient (1斜率;傾斜率;(2梯度graph 圖像;圖形;圖表graphical method 圖解法graphical representation 圖示;以圖樣表達(dá)graphical solution 圖解growth 增長highe

17、r order derivative 高階導(dǎo)數(shù)horizontal 水平的;水平hypothesis 假設(shè)identity 等(式identity matrix 恒等矩陣if and only if/iff 當(dāng)且僅當(dāng);若且僅若if, then 若.則;如果.則illustration 例證;說明image 像點;像imaginary number 虛數(shù)implicit function 隱函數(shù)imply 蘊涵;蘊含improper integral 廣義積分; 非正常積分increase 遞增;增加indefinite integral 不定積分independence 獨立;自變inequa

18、lity 不等式;不等inequality sign 不等號infinite 無限;無窮infinite sequence 無限序列;無窮序列infinite series 無限級數(shù);無窮級數(shù)infinitesimal 無限小;無窮小infinity 無限(大;無窮(大initial approximation 初始近似值initial condition 原始條件;初值條件initial value 初值;始值initial-value problem 初值問題inner product 內(nèi)積input 輸入integer 整數(shù)integral 積分integrate 積;積分;.的積分in

19、tegration 積分法integration by parts 分部積分法integration by substitution 代換積分法;換元積分法interchange 互換intermediate value theorem 介值定理interpolating polynomial 插值多項式interpolation 插值interval 區(qū)間intuition 直觀invalid 失效;無效invariance 不變性invariant (1不變的;(2不變量;不變式inverse 反的;逆的inverse function 反函數(shù);逆函數(shù)inverse matrix 逆矩陣i

20、nverse problem 逆算問題invertible 可逆的invertible matrix 可逆矩陣iterate (1迭代值; (2迭代iteration 迭代iterative method 迭代法known 己知Lagrange interpolating polynomial 拉格朗日插值多項代leading coefficient 首項系數(shù)leading diagonal 主對角線lemma 引理limit 極限limit of sequence 序列的極限line of best-fit 最佳擬合line segment 線段linear 線性;一次linear conv

21、ergence 線性收斂性linear differeantial equation 線性微分方程linear equation 線性方程;一次方程linear equation in two unknowns 二元一次方程;二元線性方程linearly dependent 線性相關(guān)的linearly independent 線性無關(guān)的local maximum 局部極大(值local minimum 局部極小(值logic 邏輯long division method 長除法loop 回路lower bound 下界lower triangular matrix 下三角形矩陣Maclauri

22、n expansion 麥克勞林展開式magnitude 量;數(shù)量;長度;大小mantissa 尾數(shù)matrix 陣; 矩陣matrix addition 矩陣加法matrix equation 矩陣方程matrix multiplication 矩陣乘法matrix operation 矩陣運算maximize 極大maximum absolute error 最大絕對誤差mean value theorem 中值定理method of completing square 配方法method of interpolation 插值法; 內(nèi)插法method of least squares 最

23、小二乘法; 最小平方法method of substitution 代換法;換元法method of successive substitution 逐次代換法; 逐次調(diào)替法minimize 極小minus 減modulus of a complex number 復(fù)數(shù)的模monomial 單項式multiple 倍數(shù)multiple root 多重根multiplication 乘法multiplicity 重數(shù)multiplier 乘數(shù);乘式multiply 乘mutually independent 獨立; 互相獨立mutually perpendicular lines 互相垂直n f

24、actorial n階乘n th derivative n階導(dǎo)數(shù)n th root n次根;n次方根n the root of unity 單位的n次根natural logarithm 自然對數(shù)necessary and sufficient condition 充要條件necessary condition 必要條件negative 負(fù)neighborhood 鄰域Newton-Cotes rule 牛頓- 高斯法則Newton-Raphsons method 牛頓- 納遜方法Newtons formula 牛頓公式Newtons method 牛頓方法non-linear 非線性non-

25、linear equation 非線性方程non-negative 非負(fù)的non-singular (1滿秩的; (2非奇異的non-singular matrix 滿秩矩陣non-trivial 非平凡的non-zero 非零norm 模方; 范數(shù)normal (1垂直的;正交的;法線的(2正態(tài)的(3正常的;正規(guī)的normalize 正規(guī)化normalized form 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)型notation 記法;記號null 零; 空null set 空集null vector 零向量number 數(shù)numerator 分子numerical method 計算方法;數(shù)值法objective funct

26、ion 目標(biāo)函數(shù)octant 卦限odd function 奇函數(shù)one-to-one 一個對一個one-one correspondence 一一對應(yīng)operation 運算order of a matrix 矩陣的階ordinary differential equation 常微分方程origin 原點orthogonal 正交square matrix 方(矩陣 stability 穩(wěn)度 stationary 平穩(wěn) stationary point 平穩(wěn)點; 逗留點; 駐點 straight line 直線 subset 子集 substitute 代入 substitution 代入; 代入法 subtract 減 subtraction 減法 successive approximation 逐次逼近法 successive derivative 逐次導(dǎo)數(shù) successive differentiation 逐次微分法 sufficiency 充份性 sufficient and necessary condition 充要條件 sufficient condition 充份條件 sufficiently close 充份接近 suffix 下標(biāo) sum 和 summation 求和法; 總和 symbol 符號; 記號 symmetry 對稱; 對稱性 Ta