初中完形填空解題技巧(公開課)

1、ClozeClozeClozeCloze 中考英語完形填空旨在全面考查考生中考英語完形填空旨在全面考查考生英語基礎(chǔ)知識英語基礎(chǔ)知識和和綜合運用語言的能力綜合運用語言的能力，其中包括，其中包括詞匯辨析能力、詞匯辨析能力、閱讀理解能力、邏輯推理和判斷能力閱讀理解能力、邏輯推理和判斷能力等。它不僅要等。它不僅要求考生具有扎實的基礎(chǔ)知識，而且還要求考生具有求考生具有扎實的基礎(chǔ)知識，而且還要求考生具有獨立分析、對比取舍及靈活處理問題的能力。獨立分析、對比取舍及靈活處理問題的能力。 完形填空的命題原則是完形填空的命題原則是“以實詞為主，虛詞為輔，以實詞為主，虛詞為輔，突出詞匯語境化突出詞匯語境化”。實詞中

2、偏重于對。實詞中偏重于對動詞動詞和和名詞名詞的的考查，同時也兼顧對考查，同時也兼顧對形容詞、副詞形容詞、副詞以及其它詞類的以及其它詞類的考查。試題以考查。試題以情境意義選擇為主情境意義選擇為主，純語法性選擇近，純語法性選擇近年已趨近于零。年已趨近于零。Guessing the words 廣東高考完形填空題究竟考什廣東高考完形填空題究竟考什么？怎么考？請看以下研究結(jié)果。么？怎么考？請看以下研究結(jié)果。命題揭密命題揭密完型填空的特點：完型填空的特點：(1)(1)首句不設(shè)空：首句不設(shè)空：因為首句是文章的窗口，不設(shè)空有因為首句是文章的窗口，不設(shè)空有助于考生了解或推測全文的大意，助于考生了解或推測全文的

3、大意，(2)(2)選項特點：選項特點：同一小題的四個選項必須是同一詞類，同一小題的四個選項必須是同一詞類，且為同一語法形式。且為同一語法形式。(3)(3)設(shè)空方式：設(shè)空方式：命題者主要從以下三種層面上設(shè)題。命題者主要從以下三種層面上設(shè)題。句子層面：句子層面：在理解本句的基礎(chǔ)上重要信息點可能在在理解本句的基礎(chǔ)上重要信息點可能在空格前，也可能在空格后。空格前，也可能在空格后。句組層面：句組層面：考生需在理解空格所在句及其前一句或考生需在理解空格所在句及其前一句或后一句之后才可選出正確答案。后一句之后才可選出正確答案。語篇層面：語篇層面：必須理解前后幾句或上下段落，甚至整必須理解前后幾句或上下段落，

4、甚至整個篇章，才可選出正確答案。個篇章，才可選出正確答案。輕語法，重邏輯輕語法，重邏輯ClozeClozeHow to get high scores？ 1. 正確的答題步驟正確的答題步驟 2. 必要的答題技巧必要的答題技巧 3. 適量的實踐訓(xùn)練適量的實踐訓(xùn)練ClozeCloze1. 1. 注重首句，瀏覽全文注重首句，瀏覽全文, ,掌握大意。掌握大意。 a. a. 應(yīng)用閱讀技能應(yīng)用閱讀技能, ,進行缺詞閱讀進行缺詞閱讀. . b. b. 注意首段和末端以及每個段落的首句注意首段和末端以及每個段落的首句. .2. 2. 注重語境，瞻前顧后注重語境，瞻前顧后, ,試填答案。試填答案。 a. a.

5、先填上固定搭配與習(xí)慣表達先填上固定搭配與習(xí)慣表達, ,基本句型等較基本句型等較容易的空格容易的空格. . b. b. 對語境和語義還不太明朗的空格要反復(fù)推敲對語境和語義還不太明朗的空格要反復(fù)推敲, ,力爭突破難點力爭突破難點. .3. 3. 通讀全文通讀全文, ,檢查核對檢查核對. .確保最佳。確保最佳。解題步驟與策略解題步驟與策略ClozeClozehospital nightno / little1.Mr Black is a doctor, he works in the _ .2.A nurse not only works in the day, but also works dur

6、ing the_.3.He is rather busy, so he has _ time to have lunch at home.ClozeCloze4.We have an English test this term, its very easy, most students can _this test. 5.The whole class went to the zoo yesterday, they were very tired _happy.pass butClozeCloze有沒有什么技巧呢?ClozeClozeSkill 1：context（上下文、語境）（上下文、語

7、境） In New York, on a Friday night, a young artist stood at the gate of a train station. He was playing his _1_. His music was so great that many people put money into his hat. The next day ,the young artist came to the same place, and played the violin as usual. 1. A. piano B. guitar C. violin D. sa

8、xviolinviolinClozeClozeSkill 1：context（上下文、語境）（上下文、語境） Once a king was walking around a pool with his ministers（大臣）（大臣）. Suddenly, he came up with an idea. He asked, “How many baskets of 2 are there in the pool?” . as big as the pool, there is one basket of water2. A. fish B. flowers C. water D. app

9、lesbasket of waterwaterbaskets ofClozeCloze When we talked, I discovered（發(fā)現(xiàn)）（發(fā)現(xiàn)） some differences in school life between the US and China. For example, each class lasts fifty minutes in the US. It is a little _3_ than that in China. We usually have forty-five minutes in each class. 3. A. shorter B.

10、longer C. earlier D. laterfiftySkill 2：logic（邏輯推理）（邏輯推理）forty-fiveClozeClozeSkill 2：logic（邏輯推理）（邏輯推理） My mother often asked me，“What is the most important part of the body?” I thought sound was very important to us as humans，so I said“My 4 ，Mommy” She said，“NoMany people are deaf（聾的）（聾的）4. A. ears B

11、. eyes C. body D. headsounddeafClozeCloze When two people are in a conversation, the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, in order to make sure that the listener pays attention 5 what he or she is speaking5. A. for B. of C. with D. topays attentiontoSkill 3：regular collocation（固

12、定搭配）（固定搭配）pay attention to 注意注意ClozeClozeSkill 3：regular collocation（固定搭配）（固定搭配）Nobel arranged in his will to give the largest part of his money to establish the Nobel prizes, which would be awarded to people who made great 6 to the causes of peace, literature, and the sciences. 6. A. additions B. s

13、acrifices C. changes D. contributionsmade great tomake contributions to對對做出貢獻做出貢獻ClozeClozeSkill 4：words analysis（詞義辨析）（詞義辨析）7. But by using literary texts (文學(xué)文本文學(xué)文本 ) alongside other texts, teachers can 7 students improve their reading skills. 7.A. want B. help C. get D. askClozeClozeSkill 5：backgr

14、ound knowledge（背景知識（背景知識:包括生活及文化方面的）包括生活及文化方面的） But we run so fast that, afterwards, we had trouble 8 . 8. A. speaking B. moving C. sleeping D. breathingrun so fastClozeClozeLiumei is among the _9_ ones. The Chinese University of Hong Kong granted (答應(yīng)給）答應(yīng)給）Liu a full scholarship - HK$500,000. Not al

15、l students are so fortunate. 9. A. poor B. smart C. lucky D. silent 同義重現(xiàn)同義重現(xiàn)ClozeClozeFriendship is one of the permanent themes in the literature of all language. Some of us like _10_ friends while others like different friends. Personally I prefer both. Having similar friends has many advantages. 1

16、0. A. true B. right C. same D. similar原詞重現(xiàn)原詞重現(xiàn)反義同現(xiàn)反義同現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系：轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯關(guān)系：轉(zhuǎn)折ClozeCloze1 1、context（上下文、語境）（上下文、語境）3、regular collocation（固定搭配）（固定搭配）2、logic（邏輯）（邏輯）4、 words analysis（詞義辨析）（詞義辨析）5、background knowledge（背景知識）（背景知識）ClozeCloze1. 1. Martin Luther King was an important Martin Luther King was an import

17、ant 1 1 of black of black people in American. He believed that black people and people in American. He believed that black people and white people should have equal rights. In 1963, Dr Kingwhite people should have equal rights. In 1963, Dr King led a march in Washington D.C. A lot of Americans led a

18、 march in Washington D.C. A lot of Americans went there to take part in the went there to take part in the 2 2 . They wanted the . They wanted the government to government to 3 3 the laws that were unfair to black the laws that were unfair to black people. Dr King believed in gaining equal rights fo

19、r all people. Dr King believed in gaining equal rights for all people through peace and not force. When he was killed people through peace and not force. When he was killed in 1968, the United States in 1968, the United States 4 4 a great leader. a great leader. 1) A. runner B. singer C. leader D. t

20、eacher1) A. runner B. singer C. leader D. teacher 2) A. crowd B. war C. group D. march 2) A. crowd B. war C. group D. march 3) A. sign B sell C. pass D. change 3) A. sign B sell C. pass D. change 4) A. lost B. found C. bought D. died 4) A. lost B. found C. bought D. died leaderleadermarchmarchthat w

21、ere unfair tothat were unfair towas killedwas killedClozeCloze2. Every American knows the Mayflower. The Mayflower 2. Every American knows the Mayflower. The Mayflower was the name of the famous _1_ that_2_ from Englandwas the name of the famous _1_ that_2_ from Englandto the new world in 1620. Ther

22、e were 102 pilgrimsto the new world in 1620. There were 102 pilgrims（十六（十六世紀(jì)英國移民）世紀(jì)英國移民） on board. It was a dangerous trip for oneon board. It was a dangerous trip for one small ship to make, and it _3_ more than 66 days . small ship to make, and it _3_ more than 66 days .The pilgrims were very _4_

23、when they finally saw land.The pilgrims were very _4_ when they finally saw land. In this New World , there were no homes or towns. They In this New World , there were no homes or towns. Theyhad to build their own _5_. This became Known as had to build their own _5_. This became Known as Plymouth, M

24、assachusetts.Plymouth, Massachusetts.1) A. flower B. ship C. film D. place 1) A. flower B. ship C. film D. place 2) A. flew B. sailed C. planted D. grew2) A. flew B. sailed C. planted D. grew3) A. made B. took C. spent D. cost3) A. made B. took C. spent D. cost4) A. painful B. fearful C. powerful D.

25、 thankful 4) A. painful B. fearful C. powerful D. thankful 5) A. ship B. house C. fields D. city5) A. ship B. house C. fields D. cityPlymouth, MassachusettsPlymouth, Massachusettsshipshipwhen they finally saw landwhen they finally saw landClozeClozeHave a try!ClozeCloze Tess was eight years old when

26、 her parents talking about her little brother, Andrew. All she knew was that he was very sick and they had no money. Only a very costly 1 could save him now and no one wanted to 2 them the money. She heard Daddy say to her Mother 3 , “Only a miracle (奇跡) can save him now.” Tess got all the change sh

27、e had and 4 her way to the drug store.A. surgeon B. companion C. protection D. operation2. A. borrow B. lend C. make D. leave3. A. happily B. proudly C. angrilyD. sadly4. A. made B. took C. sailed D. passedmake ones way to朝朝走去走去 ClozeCloze5. A. doubtful B. bad C. puzzling D. unlucky6. A. buy B. purc

28、hase C. sell D. share7. A. looked B. ran C. came D. rolled “What do you want?” the clerk asked. “A miracle. ” Tess answered. “My little brother has something 5 growing inside his head and my dad says only a miracle can save him now.” “We dont 6 miracles here, little girl.” The clerk said. The clerks

29、 brother was a well-dressed man. He 7 over and asked the little girl, “What kind of miracle does your brother need?” come over走近，走過來走近，走過來 look over仔細檢查仔細檢查 run over撞倒撞倒 ，跑過去，跑過去 roll over翻滾；翻身翻滾；翻身 ClozeCloze8. A. replied B. allowed C. accepted D. expected9. A. tired B. deaf C. nervous D. sick10. A

30、. wait B. beg C. pay D. apply11. A. high B. low C. loud D. excited “I dont know,” Tess 8 with tears in her eyes. “I just know hes really 9 , but my dad cant 10 for a miracle, so I want to use my one dollar and eleven cents”. Tess answered in a 11 voice.ClozeCloze12. A. exact B. same C. proper D. reasonable13. A. spending B. waste C. charge D. tip14. A. achievement B. success C. medicine D. miracle15. A. devotion B. faith C. trust D.