人教版必修三Unit5-A-TRIP-ON-THE-TRUE-NORTH-文中3個句型解讀與剖析

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上Unit5 A TRIP ON "THE TRUE NORTH"一文中3個重量級句型解讀與剖析 Going eastward, you will pass mountains and thousands of lakes and forests, as well as wide rivers and large cities. (非謂語動詞短語)【解讀】譯文: 一路向東行，你會經(jīng)過一座座山脈，上千個湖泊、森林，還有寬闊的河流和許多大城市。轉(zhuǎn)化: 【通過轉(zhuǎn)化看結(jié)構(gòu)變化】= Go eastward, and you will pass mountain

2、s and thousands of lakes and forests, as well as wide rivers and large cities. (祈使句+and+簡單句)=If you go eastward, you will pass mountains and thousands of lakes and forests, as well as wide rivers and large cities. (if引導的條件狀語從句)【一語道破天機】我們高中學習的非謂語動詞短語其實就是以前學習的并列句或復(fù)合句的省略表達。(但只有主從復(fù)合句的主語一致的情況下，從句主語省略從而轉(zhuǎn)化

3、為非謂語動詞短語.)【再舉例, 再體會, 動動手，為我所用】主語一致1. Knowing more words and expressions, you will find it easier to read and communicate.= _ and you will find it easier to read and communicate.=_ you will find it easier to read and communicate.主語不一致2. Follow your doctors advice, and your cough will get better.= Fol

4、lowing your doctors advice , your cough will get better. (×)=_, your cough will get better.3. Give me one more hour, and Ill get the work finished.（祈使句）=_(give) one more hour, Ill get the work finished.=_, Ill get the work finished.或者= _, Ill get the work finished.1. Know more words and express

5、ions; If you know more words and expressions,2. If you follow your doctors advice 3. Given; Giving me one more hour; If you give me one more hour【舉一反三】* 單句語法填空.1._ (stand)on the top of the tower and youll enjoy the scenery of the whole city.2. _ (throw) their hats into the air, the fans of the winni

6、ng team let out loud shouts of victory.3. Help others whenever you can _ you will make the world a nicer place to live in.4. If you have a job, _(devote) yourself to it and finally youll succeed.If you have a job, _(devote) to it and finally youll succeed.5. _ (give) time, hell make a

7、 first-class tennis player. 1. Stand 2, Throwing 3. and 4. devote; be devoted 5. Given Vancouver is Canadas most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean.【解讀】譯文: 溫哥華是加拿大最美麗的城市，被大山和太平洋環(huán)抱。轉(zhuǎn)化: 【通過轉(zhuǎn)化看結(jié)構(gòu)變化】【原句】Vancouver is Canadas most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and

8、 the Pacific Ocean.=Vancouver is Canadas most beautiful city, which is surrounded bywith mountains and the Pacific Ocean. (which引導的非限制性定語從句)=Vancouver is Canadas most beautiful city, and it is surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean. (and引導的并列句)句式變變變:Vancouver, surrounded by mountains and the

9、Pacific Ocean, is Canadas most beautiful city. 原句surround是非謂語動詞; 兩句中surround謂語動詞【一語道破天機】得到”詞法”一樣能解決”句法”, 即“詞法決定句法” surround 使.包圍 cover 使.覆蓋 fill 使.充滿 attach 使.依附 face使.面對 1. The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.=The country, _ _ covered with che

10、rry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.2. Which school are you studying in?  One which is attached to the Liaoning Normal University.= One _ to the Liaoning Normal University.3. Faced with all the difficulties, the girl turned to her mother for comfort.= When the girl wa

11、s faced with all the difficulties, she turned to her mother for comfort.1. which is 2. attached 【舉一反三】* 單句語法填空.1. She sat by the window, _(lose) in thought. 2. _ (face) with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. (四川 2006)3. _(compare) with the size of the whole earth, the biggest

12、ocean does not seem big at all. (湖北 2004)4. _(surround) yourself with positive people, and you will keep focused on what you can do instead of what you cant. 5. The bushes and maple trees turned red, gold and orange, _(remind) me of the coming of fall. 1. Lost 2. Faced 3. Compared 4. Surround 5

13、. reminding It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.【解讀】譯文: 那兒的濕度很大，所以樹都長得特別高，一些高達90多米。轉(zhuǎn)化: 【通過轉(zhuǎn)化看結(jié)構(gòu)變化】【原句】It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.=It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some of whi

14、ch measure over 90 metres.(which引導的非限制性定語從句)=It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, and some of them measure over 90 metres.(and引導的并列句)* 通過3個句子看 “measure ”的用法: (指尺寸、長短、數(shù)量等) 量度為,( 這里相當于 “be” 動詞), 不及物，無被動形式, 如，Do you think that bridge measures 2,000 meters long?【再舉例, 再體會, 動動手，為我所用】1. He

15、 rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat. = He rushed into the room, whose face was covered with sweat. (whose引導的非限制性定語從句)= He rushed into the room, and his face was covered with sweat.  (and引導的并列句)2. He studies in the room, the door closed. =He studies in the

16、 room, the door of which is closed. =He studies in the room, and the door is closed.3. The farmer had three sons, one working for China Daily. =The farmer had three sons, one of whom worked for China Daily. (them working) =The farmer had three sons, and one of them worked for China Daily. 【一語道破天機】原句

17、中的黑體部分“主語+非謂語動詞短語”結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語, 即 “獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)”.劃出句中的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu): 練就識別“獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)”的火眼金睛1. She entered the room, her nose red with cold. 2. He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat. 3. He studies in the room, the door closed. 4. He came into the room, his ears red with cold. 5. He came out of t

18、he library, a large book under his arm.  6. He stood there, his hand raised. 7. Their room was on the fifth floor, its broad window overlooking the park. 8. The wounded wore no shoes, their feet wrapped in pieces of cloth. 9. I was sprawled in the ditch, soaked to the skin, 

19、my head pounding, my car gone and my pockets empty. 10. She stood there, her eyes fixed on the stranger.【舉一反三】* 單句語法填空.1. The job _(finish), we went home.2. She stood there, her eyes _(fix) on the stranger.3. His heart _(race), Jack carefully unlocked the box.4. Jamie rushed up to her

20、, eyes _ (shine) with pride and excitement.5. Steve walked back to his desk, his heart _(pound) within his chest. 6. The boy _(lead) the way, we had no trouble finding the strange cave.7. When I walked in, Professor Li was sitting at his desk, the newspaper _(spread) before him .

21、  8. The second-prize winner was announced next. It was me! I went up to the stage, my knees _(shake). 9. I looked at her, tears _(fill) my eyes, and shouted out the words that had been hidden in my heart for years. 10. He lay on his back, his teeth set, his r

22、ight hand clenched on his breast, and his glaring eyes _(look) straight upward.  【一語道破天機】所有的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)前加介詞with都可轉(zhuǎn)化成“with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)”例如，The question settled, they went back to their respective posts.(獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu))=>With the question settled, they went back to their respective posts.(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))Their room w

23、as on the third floor, its window overlooking the sports ground. Weather permitting, well have the match tomorrow. He lay at full length upon his stomach，his head resting upon his left forearmHe was waiting, his eyes on her back.The meeting over, our headmaster soon left the meeting room.M

24、any trees, flowers, and grass to be planted, our newly-built school will look even more beautiful.All things considered, I think we ought to give the job to George. He sat in the front row, his mouth half open. 1. The job _(finish), we went home.2. She stood there, her eyes _(fix) on

25、the stranger.3. His heart _(race), Jack carefully unlocked the box.4. Jamie rushed up to her, eyes _ (shine) with pride and excitement.5. Steve walked back to his desk, his heart _(pound) within his chest. 6. The boy _(lead) the way, we had no trouble finding the strange cave.7. When I wal

26、ked in, Professor Li was sitting at his desk, the newspaper _(spread) before him .  8. The second-prize winner was announced next. It was me! I went up to the stage, my knees _(shake). 9. I looked at her, tears _(fill) my eyes, and shouted out the words t

27、hat had been hidden in my heart for years. 10. He lay on his back, his teeth set, his right hand clenched on his breast, and his glaring eyes _(look) straight upward.  1. finished 2. fixed 3. racing 4. shining 5. pounding 6. leading 7. spread 8. shaking 9. filling 10. looking 2007年的山東

28、高考卷中有這樣一道：The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent _ at the end of last March.(2007年山東卷)A. has been launched                      B. having been launchedC.

29、being launched                           D. to be launched此題答案為 B。考查獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的用法。由于句子中沒有連詞，所以不能選 A。又因為動作于去年的三月底就已經(jīng)發(fā)生，所以不能選表示未來動作的 D 和表示進行動作的 C。英語中的從語法上看，它是一個獨

30、立的成分，而不是句子（因為句中沒有謂語），在句中主要用作狀語，通?？赊D(zhuǎn)換成狀語從句。1. I have a lot of books, half of _ novels.A. which                 B. that              

31、0;       C. whom                  D. them2. _ more and more forests destroyed, many animals are facing the danger of dying out.A. because    

32、0;          B. as                        C. With            

33、        D. Since3. The bus was crowded with passengers going home from market, most of _ carrying heavy bags and baskets full of fruit and vegetables they had bought there.A. them            

34、;       B. who                     C. whom                  

35、D. which 4. The largest collection ever found in England was one of about 200,000 silver pennies, all of _ over 600 years old.A. which                 B. that      &

36、#160;               C. them                    D. it5. The cave _ very dark, he lit some candles _ light.A. wa

37、s; given           B. was; to give          C. being; given          D. being; to give6. The soldier rushed into the cave, hi

38、s right hand _ a gun and his face _ with sweat.A held; covered        B. holding; covering   C. holding; covered    D. held; covering 7. The girl in the snapshot was smiling sweetly, her long hai

39、r _.A. flowed in the breeze                             B. was flowing in the breeze      C. were flowing in t

40、he breeze                    D. flowing in the breeze8. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _ for the day.A. finishing       

41、0;      B. finished                C. had finished           D. were finished9. On Sundays there were a lot of chil

42、dren playing in the park, _ parents seated together joking.A. their                    B. whose                

43、0; C. which                   D. that10. The Smiths are rich and they have three cars, one a Toyota, _ Land Rover of the latest.A. another        

44、;        B. other                    C. the other               D. the

45、 others【答案與解析】1. D。half of them novels 為結(jié)構(gòu)，相當于 and half of them are novels。2. C?？疾椤皐ith + 名詞 + 過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。3. A。most of them carrying.為獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，相當于 and most of them were carrying.，也可改為：most of whom were carrying。注意改動后連詞 and 的使用和動詞 were的使用。4. C。all of them over 600 years old 為獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，相當于

46、 and all of them are over 600 years old。5. D。第一空填 being，構(gòu)成獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)；第二空填不定式表目的。6. C。，his right hand 與hold有主謂關(guān)系，故用holding,而 his face與 cover是動賓關(guān)系，故用covered.7. D。her long hair 與 flowing 是主動關(guān)系，這是“”作狀語。8. B。因lessons與動詞finish之間為被動關(guān)系，故要用過去分詞。其實，their lessons f

47、inished for the day為。9. A。此題容易誤選B，認為這是非限制性定語從句。其實，句中的their parents seated together joking 不是非限制性定語從句，而是一個獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因為空格后的動詞 seated 不是謂語，而是一個過去分詞，因為 seat 作動詞用時，是及物動詞。10. D。易誤選C。后面部分實際上是獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)形式，省略了being。補充完整就是：The Smiths are rich and they have three cars, one being a T

48、oyota, the others being Land Rover of the latest. (兩個均表伴隨狀語) “獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)”和“with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)”的相互轉(zhuǎn)化with-復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是“with+賓語+賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu)， (賓語+.詞或短語)結(jié)構(gòu)一  with+賓語+形容詞 She often sleeps with the windows open.  她常開著窗睡覺。You shouldnt speak with your mouth full.  你不應(yīng)該滿嘴巴食物說話。結(jié)構(gòu)二  with+賓語+副詞He stood before his teacher with his head down. 他低著頭站在老師面前。He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on. 他和衣躺在床上。結(jié)構(gòu)三  with+賓語+名詞He died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl. 他去世時，女兒還是個小學生。結(jié)構(gòu)四