中考英語重點(diǎn)單詞和短語用法總結(jié)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上中考英語重點(diǎn)單詞和短語用法總結(jié)1. cost / take / spend / pay 花費(fèi)花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事：It takes sb some time to do sth . = sb spend some time （in）doing sth .= sb spend some time on sth .某人花錢買某物：sb spend some money on sth . = sb pay some money for sth . = sth cost sb . some money . spend和pay主語都是人，cost 主語是物. spent還可以指“度過

2、” How did you spend your weekend ？The sweater _ me 90 yuan . = I _ 90 yuan for the sweater .=I _ 90 yuan on the sweater .He spent lots of money _ the mobile phone .It _ her 20 minutes to go home every day . = He _ 20 minutes _ home every day .2.thanks for為而感謝 _ inviting me to your birthday party .th

3、anks to 多虧/由于_ your help .I got good grades .3.感嘆句:多么 what + 名詞how + 形容詞/副詞_ bad weather ！ _ hard he works ！_ fresh vegetables ！ _ cute a monkey it is ！4.因?yàn)?、由于：because（連詞） +從句:（表示原因）because of（介詞短語） + 名詞（短語 ）= thanks to I didnt go to school _ I had a headache .He was late for class _ the bad weather

4、 .He cant come _ he is ill .Many people have a cold _ the cold weather .because和 so不能同時(shí)連用 .5.來自:be from = come from Where are you from ？ = Where _ you _ _ ？ He is from Tibet . = He _ _ Tibet .6.How often 對頻率提問 （多久一次） 回答用表示頻率的副詞或短語；How long 對一段時(shí)間提問 （多久） 回答用表示一段時(shí)間的狀語；How soon 對將來時(shí)間提問 （多久） 回答用 in+時(shí)間段；H

5、ow far 詢問多長距離（多長）_ have you been collecting the kites ？ -For ten years ._ do you go shopping ？ -Sometimes._ will your father come back ？ - In two years ._ do you exercise ？ - Once a week ._ is it from your home to school ？ - About ten miles ._ are you staying there ？ - Two weeks .7.乘交通工具：take a / th

6、e +交通工具 在句中作謂語by+交通工具=on a 交通工具在句中作方式狀語交通工具有：train/bus/car/taxi/boat/subway/plane He takes a bus to bank .= He goes to bank by bus . = He goes to bank on a bus . I walk to school . = I go to school _ . 騎自行車、馬或驢用ride：ride ones bike / ride a horse / ride a donkey in ones car8.對不起:Excuse me （勞駕，客套話）；So

7、rry （表示道歉） _ .Where is Tianfu Square in Chengdu ？Would you mind cleaning your room ？ - _ . Ill do it right away .Dont eat in class . - _ . Ms Clark . _ ， is this the way to the station ？9.聲音:sound （自然界各種聲音）；noise（噪音）；voice（悅耳的聲音：嗓子）Lucy has a sweet _ .That _ like a good idea .Dont make _ . The baby

8、is sleeping .10.look like （外貌看起來像）；be like （性格像） Lily _ _ Lucy. Oh ， they are twins. Tony _ _ a monkey because he is cute and playful.11.take to 帶去；bringto 帶來；fetch 沒有方向性（強(qiáng)調(diào)來回） Tony . _ the ball here .Please . My father often _ me _ concerts on Sundays . _ your homework _ school tomorrow .12. 一些 ： s

9、ome 用于肯定句；any 用于否定句和疑問句 Id like _ milk . Would you like _ yogurt ？Thanks . I dont want _ . 在一般疑問句中，認(rèn)為對方的答案會(huì)是肯定的，或期望得到對方肯定回答時(shí)，也用some .13. 多少：How many修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；How much 修飾不可數(shù)名詞 _ juice do you want ？ _ apples do you want ？ _is the T-shirt ？ Its 30 yuan . How much可對價(jià)錢提問：How much are the potatoes ？14. 看：s

10、ee 強(qiáng)調(diào)看的結(jié)果；look （at） 不及物動(dòng)詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作；watch 觀看：比賽、電視、表演、電影；read 讀，朗讀：看書、看報(bào)、看信、看雜志 Dont_ in bed . We will _ a basketball game this evening . Please _ the blackboard . Everyone . I _ a bird in the tree yesterday .On Saturday night . I saw an interesting talk show .On Saturday evening . several kids watched

11、 a movie . watch a movie =go to a movie15. stop doing sth 停止做某事 ；stop to do sth 停下來去做別的事 The girl soon stopped _ （cry ). He was tired and stopped _ （have ） a rest .16. forget / remember后接不定式表示未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作：forget / remember to do sth（忘記/記得去做某事） He forgot to turn off the light .（沒有做關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作） Remember to go to

12、the post office after school .forget / remember 后接ving表示已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作：forget / remember doing sth（忘記/記得做過某事） He forgot turningoff the light .（已做過關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作） Dont you remember seeing the man before ？17. 到達(dá) reach + 地點(diǎn)get to + 地點(diǎn) reach = get toarrive + in + 大地點(diǎn)arrive + at + 小地點(diǎn) He reached London yesterday . = He _

13、 to London yesterday . = He _ in London yesterday . She arrived _ the bus station just now . You should _ （get） home on time . 當(dāng)get to和 arrive at /in后接地點(diǎn)副詞時(shí)，都不加介詞.如：get home get there 省略 to18. 擅長，在方面做得好 ： be good at = do well in She is good at chemistry . = She _ _ _ chemistry . Niuniu is good at _

14、the violin . = Niuniu _ well in _ the violin . Lucy and Lily are twin girls .Lucy is better _ dancing than Lily .but Lily _ _ in singing than Lucy .19. win （贏得）接a game、 war 、a match、 a prizebeat（打敗、戰(zhàn)勝）接運(yùn)動(dòng)員、球隊(duì)、對手等. Which team _ the football match ？ Wang Hao _ Ma Lin and _ the champion of the Mens Sin

15、gles .20. 借 borrow sth . from sb = borrow sb . sth 向某人借某物 borrow借入lend sth . to sb = lend sb . sth把某物借給某人 lend 借出keep延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 ，與一段時(shí)間連用. Can you lend me your bike ？ = Can you _ your bike _ me ？ You can borrow some money _ your brother . = You can borrow yourbrother _ _. How long can I _ the book ？You ca

16、n _ it for two weeks . 類似用法的還有：buy have put on wear become beleave be away from open be open begin be ondie be dead return be back become He has _ a doctor .He has _ a doctor for 10 years . begin The film has _ .The film has _ for ten minutes .21. be able to意思為：可能，會(huì)，相當(dāng)于can 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面都接動(dòng)詞原形。 We should _

17、able to finish the work tomorrow . I can _ (play) the guitar . He _ able to play chess .22.too many、too much和much too 的用法too many太多 修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) I have too many rules in my house .too much太多 修飾不可數(shù)名詞 Maybe you have too much yin .much too太 后跟形容詞或副詞原級 This coat is much too expensive . Eating _ _ is bad for

18、 your health . Its _ _cold today . Youd better not go out .There are_ _ students in the hallways . Its dangerous .23. have / has been to 用法意思為：去過某地 He has been to Beijing . (現(xiàn)在不在北京)have / has gone to 去了某地 He has gone to Beijing . (現(xiàn)在可能在北京，或在去北京的途中)have/hasbeen in / at在某地I have ever _ _ America twice

19、 . He has _ _ Beijing for ten years . Where is your brother ? He_ _ to Hainan . _ you ever _ _ Disneyland ?24. used to do sth.用法used to do sth.過去常做某事 This river used to be very clean .be(get)used to doing sth.習(xí)慣于做某事 Im not used to getting up early .be used to do sth. = be used fo

20、r doing sth. 被用于做某事 Pens are used for writing . XiaoGang _ _ _ afraid of the dark . Thebroom is _ _ clean the room . = The broom is _ _ cleaning the room . He _ _ _ living countryside .There is fresh air and sweet well . Wood _ _ _ making paper .25. belong to + 名詞 / 人稱代詞賓格 (屬于) be + 名詞所有格

21、/ 名詞性物主代詞 (是)It must _ Nings .= It must _ Ning . The pencil must be _ (my) . = The pencil must belong to _ (my) . This ball _ to me .= This ball is _ .26. cant 不可能 。表示推測、判斷，可能性為零could/might 也許、可能 ，可能性為50 80must 肯定、一定 ，可能性為100 The CD _ belong to Tony . because he likes listening to music . The n

22、otebook _ be mine .It has my name on it . The toy _ be my grandpa . After all .He is an old man .27. be made from (由制成)看不出原材料be made of (由制成)看得出原材料 The table _ _ _ wood . Paper _ _ _ wood .28. prefer to do sth. 寧愿做某事prefer sth . to sth. 喜歡而不喜歡prefer doing sth. to doing sth . 喜歡做而不喜歡做 I prefer _

23、 (swim) to _ (play) balls . He _ fish to beef . I prefer to _ (walk) to work .29. 一些表示人的情感或情緒的形容詞 ：ed 修飾人ing 修飾物 I want to go somewhere _ (relaxing/relaxed) . She is _ in this _ history story . (interesting/interested ) interesting(有趣的) interested(感興趣的) tiring(累人的) tired(累的，疲倦的)boring (令人無聊的) bored(

24、無聊的)exciting(令人興奮的) excited(激動(dòng)的)surprising(令人驚訝的) surprised(驚訝的)relaxing(令人放松的) relaxed(放松的)embarrassing (令人尷尬的;令人為難的) embarrassed (尷尬的;為難的)30. the number of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)(的數(shù)量)作主語， 謂語用單數(shù)。a number of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) (許多、一些)= many The number of students in our class_ 80 . _ number of students are in Helin Middle Scho

25、ol .31. for + 一段時(shí)間since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn)/過去時(shí)的句子 We have been studying English _ three years . He has been staying here _ he was five years old . . We havent seen each other _ ten years ago . for和 since 可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換。如：Jenny has been collecting coins for several years .= Jenny has been collecting coins since several y

26、ears _ .32. except 和besides 的用法區(qū)別except (不包括在內(nèi)) Everyone could answer this question except Jim .besides (包括在內(nèi))There are three girls besides me . We all passed the exam _ Li Yang . Many other students like basketball _ Guo Xiaojun .33. already 用于肯定句中(已經(jīng))yet 用于疑問句末(已經(jīng))用于否定句末(還) Have you seen the film

27、_ ? I havent locked the door _ . Mom has _ watered the flowers .34. 否定祈使句 Dont + v.No + v.ing / n. Dont smoke here . = _ _ here . Dont take photos. = _ _ .35. 也 too 放肯定句末和疑問句末Do you play soccer every day , too ?either 放否定句末also 放肯定句中 also放在實(shí)意動(dòng)詞前，be之后。 She is a girl . I am a girl ._ . He _ likes coll

28、ecting things . Lily doesnt like junk food . Her good friend doesnt like it . _ . I like soap operas . I do , _ . I cant watch TV on school nights . I cant , _ .36. be strict with sb. 對某人要求嚴(yán)格be strict in sth . 對某事要求嚴(yán)格Miss Zhang _ _ _ her work and she _ _ _ her students .37. 需要做某事 need to do sth 主語是人

29、need doing sth 主語是物 The classroom _ cleaning . Its too dirty . Children _ to sleep a lot . Its very hot and dry . You need _(wear)cool clothes and the flowers need _ (water) .38. through 介詞: 從內(nèi)部穿過 (park)across 介詞：從表面穿過cross 動(dòng)詞(road. street. bridge) Be careful when you _ the street . The manwent_ the

30、 forest . The train goes _ the tunnel(隧道).He swam _ the river . We drove _ the desert (沙漠) .Take a walk _ the park on Center Avenue .39. Why dont you do sth = Why not do sth .提建議的方式 How /what about doing sth .Lets do sth . Why dont you have a cup of tea ? = _ _ have a cup of tea ? Lets _ (go) out fo

31、r a walk . How about _ (practice) conversations ?40. So + 助/系/情態(tài) + 主語 表示肯定意義(也是如此)Neither + 助/系/情態(tài) + 主語 表示否定意義(也不) 它們都屬于倒裝句。 My mother didnt go to school ._ _ my father . James comes from theUSA ._ _ Tom . My pen pal can speak Japanese . _ _ I . = Me _ . My sister isnt outgoing . _ _ I .= Me _ .41.

32、both 兩者都all三者或三者以上都 The twins _ are good students . There are lots of colorful flowers on _ sides of the streets . There are five people in my family . We _ like playing sports . My parents _ love us . We are very happy .42. alone 單獨(dú)，獨(dú)自一人He is alone at home .lonely 孤獨(dú)的，寂寞的。有一定的感情色彩 He lives a lonely

33、 life in the country . Sometimes he feels quite _ because he has no friends . She lives _ in that large house .43 in the tree 外來的I saw a cat in the tree .on the tree 長在樹上的There are many apples on the tree . How many monkeys can you see _ the tree ? There are a lot of bananas_ the tree .44. in the wa

34、ll 指在墻體內(nèi)on the wall 指在墻體表面 There is a map _ the wall . There is a door _ the wall .45. on the bed 指物品在床上My bag is on the bed .in bed 指人躺在床上Lily is ill in bed . There is a jacket _ . I have to be _ by ten oclock .46. 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句：so和such(如此以至于)so是副詞，后接adj和adv .句型：so+adj/adv+that從句He worked so hard that h

35、e got the first prize .so+adj+a(n)+n.+that從句 = such+a(n)+adj+n.+that從句That was so interesting a story that I read it twice .= That was such an interesting story that I read it twice .such是形容詞，后接n.句型：such+a(n)+adj+n.+that從句He is such a hard-working student that all the teachers love him .such+pl./不可數(shù)

36、n+that從句It is such good weather that we can go swimming . He runs _fast _ we cancatch him . Lily is _a kind girl _we all love her .Tom is _ a clever boy that he can answer the question .= Tom is _ clever a boy that he can answer the question . The box is _ heavy _ I cant carry it . 在名詞前有many /

37、much / few / little這些詞修飾時(shí)，要用sothat 。sothat句型的否定形式可用簡單句tooto或notenough to代替。如：He is so young that he cant go to school .= He is too young to go to school .= He is not old enough to go to school .47. 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句 ：when + 延續(xù)性/短暫性動(dòng)詞When I was watching TV , he came in . = When he came in , I was watching TV

38、.while+延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(多用進(jìn)行時(shí))While I was in Shanghai ,I visited him . _ he was sleeping . Someone knocked at the door .= He was sleeping _ someone knocked at the door . _ the boy heard his mothers voice , he stopped crying . My mother was cooking _ I was doing my homework .48. at the age of 和 when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語可以互換

39、。I began to play football when I was five years old . = I began to play football _ _ _ five .49. instead 放句首、句末instead of + n. /pron. /v-ing = rather than . I will go to see her _ you . He doesnt like beer ，give him coke _ . We often sing English song _ reading aloud .50. be famous as (作為而知名) as + 職

40、業(yè)/身份/地位Yi Yuchun is famous as a super girl .be famous for (以而著名) for + 出名的原因Hangzhou is famous for the West Lake . Li Bai is famous _ a poet . Jackie Chan ia famous _ his action movies . France ia famous _its fine food and wine .51. 看起來像是似乎/好像 (sb./sth.) seems to do sth.= It seems that +從句 It _ _ he

41、 feels very sad . = He _ _ _ very sad . She seems to want to have a drink . = _ _ that she _ to have a drink .52. “疑問詞 + 動(dòng)詞不定式” 與“賓語從句”的互換 。 I will show you where you should go . = I will show you _ _ _ . I dont know what to do . = I dont know what _ .A should I do B I should do Could you tell me ho

42、w I can get to Summer Palace ?= Could you tell me how _ _ _ Summer Palace ? 賓語從句應(yīng)該用陳述語序。如：Could you please tell me _ _ _ _ (天氣如何)in Chongqi ?53. 問題question、難題 problem的區(qū)別。 question 由于疑惑不解而提出的問題，多和ask / answer搭配使用；problem指有待解決的較難的問題或物理/數(shù)學(xué)方面的題等，多與solve / work out 搭配。 Please answer my _ in English

43、. I cant work out this maths _. This is a difficult _ to answer .54. family、home、house的區(qū)別。family家/家庭(強(qiáng)調(diào)家庭成員，與居住的房子無關(guān))My family are kind people .home 家(指人出生或居住的地方，帶有一定感情色彩)Welcome to my home .house 房子/住宅(居住的建筑物)They moved to their new house last year . How many people are there in your _? I want to s

44、ave money and buy a big _ . I love Chengdu , I looked Chengdu as my _ .55. in front of 和in the front of的區(qū)別。 in front of (在前面) 在某一范圍以外的前面There is a tall tree in front of our classroom .in the front of (在前部) 在某一范圍內(nèi)的前面Two persons are sitting in the front of the car . The policeman stands _ the car

45、 . The driver sits _ the car .56. 在晚上，在夜里 at nighton + a + adj + night You shouldnt go out _ night . He met a thief _ a cold night .57. 在之間between (兩者之間)多與and連用；among(三者或三者以上的人或物之間) She is sitting _ Lucy and Lily . He built a house _ the trees .58. sometimes、 some times、sometime、some time的

46、區(qū)別。sometimes 不時(shí);有時(shí)(是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞)Sometimes I go to school by bus .some times 幾次(此時(shí)time是可數(shù)名詞，意為“次數(shù)”)He has been to Shanghai some times .sometime 某個(gè)時(shí)間(表示在過去或?qū)淼哪硞€(gè)時(shí)候) I saw him sometime last year .some time 一段時(shí)間(此時(shí)time是不可數(shù)名詞) He will stay here for some time . We are going to have a party _ next week . _ t

47、he boy is late for school . He spent _ in cutting hair .So he missed the early bus . Li Jun has been to Birds Nest _ .59. wear、put on、be in、dress的區(qū)別。wear + 衣服/鞋帽/眼鏡等(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài))Our teacher often wears a pair of glasses .put on +衣服/鞋帽/眼鏡等(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作)Kate puts on her hat and goes out .be in + 顏色/服飾(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài))The

48、girl in red is my sister .dress + 人/反身代詞 (給某人穿) She dresses her daughter every morning . Youd better _ your coat . She was _ a flower in her hair . The boy _ white is my friend . He is too young to _ himself . Miss Li often _ the white sports shoes . dress當(dāng)表示狀態(tài)時(shí)常用be dressed in + 衣物(穿著顏色的衣服)He is dre

49、ssed in a black coat .他常穿著黑色的外套。 60. play + 球類、棋類名詞(不加the )eg:play badminton / play chess / play computer gamesplay the +樂器名詞。(必須加the)eg:play the violin - Do you like to play _ football after class , Li Lei ?- Yes ,I do .A .a B .the C . / Sam cant play _ (piano), but he can play _ (chess) .61. There be 強(qiáng)調(diào)“某處有”have 強(qiáng)調(diào)“某人有” _ two computers in the room . My uncle _ a car . 當(dāng)表示整體與局部的關(guān)系時(shí)，there be與have可互換使用。如：There are twelve months in a year .= A year has twelve months . 一年有十二個(gè)月。62. speak、say、talk、tell的區(qū)別。speak 指說話的能力，也可表示“演講、發(fā)言”。其后可以接語言類詞匯。say強(qiáng)調(diào)說的內(nèi)容。say sth .to sb .Please say hello