人教版八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語Unit15單元筆記練習(xí)

1、八年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit 1 單元筆記1. People will have robots in their homes. 人們家里將會(huì)有機(jī)器人。will助動(dòng)詞，表單純的未來。用于陳述句表“將，會(huì)”。e.g. I will (I'll) be 15 next month.下個(gè)月我就15歲了。Mr. Green will be back soon.否定句：won't = will not eg. He won't be back before 10.will用于疑問句意為“會(huì)嗎？”e.g. Will you be free on Friday evening?Will peop

2、le have robots?2. There will only be one country.將會(huì)只有一個(gè)國家。There will be 是there be句型的將來時(shí)。e.g. There won't be any paper money. （否定）Will there be less pollution? (疑問)Yes, there will./ No, there won't.There will be more people. (肯定) 常見錯(cuò)誤：there will have3.  I think there will be more / less

3、pollution. 我認(rèn)為將會(huì)有更多/更少的污染。fewer 與less及more表數(shù)量的用法。（1） few（形容詞）“幾乎沒有，很少的”，修飾可數(shù)名詞。其比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)為規(guī)則變化：fewfewerfewest。“a few”表示“一些”，“few”帶否定含義，“幾乎沒有”。例：a few days ago, for a few weeks, He has few friends here. There will be fewer trees. （2）little（形容詞）“很少的，幾乎沒有的”（“小的，幼小的”），修飾不可數(shù)名詞。其比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)為不規(guī)則變化：littlelessleas

4、t?！癮 little”表“一些”，“l(fā)ittle”帶否定含義，“幾乎沒有”。例：Theres little food left. We have to buy some. Theres a little water in the cup. （3）many“許多”，修飾可數(shù)名詞。much“許多”，修飾可數(shù)名詞。    many / more比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)為不規(guī)則變化：many / much moremost。    例：I have many magazines. She has more magazines. But he has

5、the most.     There will be more people on the earth in future.     More and more students start to exercise more every day to keep fit.  4. in  與 after的區(qū)別  例句：I'll be back in half an hour. 我半小時(shí)后就回來.本句中的in作"以后"解，不能用after代替。after和in都可以表示"

6、;以后"的意思，其區(qū)別是：1）after以過去為起點(diǎn)，表示過去一段時(shí)間以后，常用于過去時(shí)態(tài)的句子。例如：They started working after lunch. 他們是午餐后開始工作的。The film was shown after the meeting. 電影是會(huì)議結(jié)束以后放的。2）in以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)，表示將來一段時(shí)間以后，常用于將來時(shí)態(tài)的句子。如：They will start working in half an hour. 他們將在半小時(shí)后開始工作。The film will be shown in 2 or 3 days. 這部電影將在兩三天后上映。3）在某個(gè)特

7、定的時(shí)間以后，after也可用于將來時(shí)態(tài)的句子。例如：They will start working after 10 am. 他們將在上午10點(diǎn)以后開始工作。The film will be shown after 5 o'clock. 這部電影將于4點(diǎn)以后上映。4) “after+一段時(shí)間”或“一段時(shí)間+later”表示“（在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間看來）一段時(shí)間之后”。He went home after two days. 他兩天后回家了。Three years later，she had a baby. 三年后，她生了一個(gè)嬰兒。5. fall in love with 愛上 &

8、#160;    fall in love with a girl 愛上一個(gè)女孩 fall in love with a country 愛上一個(gè)國家 注 fall 是“陷入”的意思. 它與feel（感覺）很像。fallfellfallen feelfeltfelt.6alone  adj.（只作表語） adv.  獨(dú)自；單獨(dú) He was alone in the house他一個(gè)人在屋里 。 I went to the movies alone，I felt lonely. 我獨(dú)自去看電影了，我覺得很孤獨(dú)。 注 alone  &#

9、160;    表示“單獨(dú)的，獨(dú)自一人的”，不含感情色彩.做形容詞時(shí)，只能在be動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞之后做表語與lonely不同，lonely表示“孤獨(dú)的，寂寞的”含有豐富的感情色彩.lonely做形容詞時(shí)，可做定語和表語。如: a lonely village 孤寂的村莊.7keep  vt.& vi. keep 有好幾個(gè)意思，在本課中做“飼養(yǎng)；喂養(yǎng)”講，相當(dāng)于feed。      keep a pet parrot 養(yǎng)一只寵物鸚鵡 feed a cat with fish 給貓喂魚（1）保住；保留：I

10、ll try my best to keep my job. 我要盡力保住我的工作。（2）保守（秘密）：keep a secret（這對(duì)我來說可是太難了）（3）保持（某狀態(tài)）：Keep silent! 保持沉默！      Keep top side up! 請(qǐng)勿倒放?。ā氨３稚戏匠稀辈痪褪恰罢?qǐng)勿倒放”嗎？）（4）繼續(xù)；持續(xù)：They kept walking. 他們繼續(xù)步行。8.That may not seem possible now.那可能現(xiàn)在看上去不可能。 seem 是連系動(dòng)詞,意為“似乎”“好像”“看上去”,用來表示說話人內(nèi)心的有

11、一定依據(jù)的推測判斷或猜想其主要用法如下: 1. seem 后面接動(dòng)詞不定式 to do ，構(gòu)成固定詞組：seem to do sth”似乎要.”例: My father seemed to know the news. 我父親好像知道這個(gè)消息 2. “It seems/seemed that.從句.”例如: It seemed that you were lying. 看來你在撒謊! 語法1)        一般將來時(shí)1用be doing表示將來：主要意義是表示按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常用于位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞。 如：go,

12、come, leave, arrive等，也可用于其他動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞。 We are having fish for dinner. We are moving to a different hotel the day after tomorrow. 這種用法通常帶有表示將來的時(shí)間狀語，如果不帶時(shí)間狀語，則根據(jù)上下文可表示最近即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 2用be going to do表示將來：主要意義，一是表示“意圖”，即打算在最近的將來或?qū)磉M(jìn)行某事。 Are you going to post that letter? How long is he going to stay here?另一意

13、義是表示“預(yù)見”，即現(xiàn)在已有跡象表明將要發(fā)生或即將發(fā)生某種情況。Its going to rain.3. 用will/ shall do表示將來：主要意義，一是表示預(yù)見。She will come to have class tomorrow. She wont come to have class tomorrow. 4. 用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示。根據(jù)規(guī)定或時(shí)間表預(yù)計(jì)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，都可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來時(shí)。如：1. The new term starts （begins） on August 29th. 新學(xué)期八月二十九日開學(xué)。2. If it doesnt rain t

14、omorrow， we will go out for a picnic. 如果明天不下雨，我們將出野餐。 3. Ill call you as soon as he gets home. 他明天一到家我就打電話通知你。2） There be結(jié)構(gòu)英語中,There be句型表示“某處有某人或某物”。例如:There are always more than one hundred birds in the big tree every evening. 每天傍晚那棵大樹上總會(huì)有100多只小鳥。一、There be句型的用法:1)There與be中間可插入一些表示推測的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、表示時(shí)態(tài)的短語和

15、一些動(dòng)詞短語,以強(qiáng)調(diào)某種語氣。例如:There must be some flowers in the box. 盒子里肯定有些鮮花。There will be a meeting this afternoon.注意:be不能換成have及have的變化形式。2)There be句型常與過去時(shí)間狀語連用,構(gòu)成一些固定句型,用于故事發(fā)生的開頭,交代故事發(fā)生的時(shí)間。例如:Many years ago,there was such a beautiful girl called Cindy.很久以前有一個(gè)叫Cindy的美麗女孩。3)There be句型中，動(dòng)詞be單復(fù)數(shù)形式要跟there be之后的

16、真正的主語一致。并且要根據(jù)    就近一致原則來變換be的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如:There is a desk, two chairs and three benches in the room. There are two chairs, a desk and three benches in the room. 八年級(jí)下冊(cè) Unit 1 Will people have robots?練習(xí)題一丶單項(xiàng)選擇1.The sports meeting will be held in our school _ several days.A .after B.about C.

17、in D.till2. Lots of people want to _ to the moon. A.walk B.take C.fly D.run3. Its cold outside. Please _ your coat.etter now. A.wear B.put on C.dress D.have on4. It _ all young people love listening to music. A.looks B.seems C.sounds D.likes5. Im better. Ill _ go to school tomorrow. A. can B.be able

18、 C.able D.be able to 6. Everyone has his own dreams, but those dreams dont always _. A.come true B.come over C.keep true D.get out7. _ tourists visit Mount Tai every day. A. Thousands of B.Thousand of C.Five thousands of D.Seven thousands8. Last year I want to Qingdao and _ it. A. fell love in B.lov

19、ed with C.fell in love D.fell in love with9. It will be bad for your health to eat _ food and take _ exercise. A.fewer,more B.more, less C.little,much D.less,less10. Where _ they will go for the vacation? A.do you think B.as for you C.as you want D.do you like11. She has never seen _ picture before.

20、 A.so a beautiful B.such a beautiful C.so beautiful D.such beautiful12.”The Great Wall is wonderful . I hope we will visit it again.” “_” A.I agree with you B.Have a good time C.Thats OK D.Its very kind of you13. I heard you liked small animals very much. - Yes, I _ a dog and a cat as pets. A.kept B

21、.looked C.found D.felt14. They _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A.are having B.will have C.are going have D.is going to have15.- Tell him about the news when he _ ,John - Yes, I will. A.comes B.will come C.would come D.is coming二丶句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. She will work in Shanghai in 5 years.(改為一般疑問句并作否定回答)_.2. My moth

22、er gets up at 6:00 every day.( 用tomorrow代替every day) _.3. They will play basketball after school.( 對(duì)劃線部分提問)_.4. Shell clean her bedroom tomorrow moring.(改為否定句)_.5. They did their homework at school.(改為否定句)_.三丶用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空.1. Whats your _ (predict) about the future?2. Nothing in the world is _ (possib

23、le), if you decide to do it.3. Most people like easy jobs and dont like _ (please) work.4. There _ (be)a class meeting next Friday.5. My life will be a lot (good) than it is now.6. Kids _ (not go) to school in 100 years.7. I _ (fall) off the tree yesterday afternoon.8. I'll be a computer _ (prog

24、ramme).9. There will be _ (many) people in the future.10. I think there will be _ (little) pollution.八年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit 2 What should I do? 單元筆記一丶重點(diǎn)短語1argue v爭論；爭吵 argue with sb與某人吵架  I argued with my best friend我和我的好朋友吵架了。 2 either   adv.（用于否定句）也  He doesnt have any money, and I dont, ei

25、ther他沒有錢，我也沒有。  I cant play chess. She cant, either.我不會(huì)下國際象棋，她也不會(huì)。  too 也（用于肯定或疑問句）  Im a teacherHe is a teacher, too我是老師，他也是老師。   3ask （sb）for sth向某人尋求某物；要   Don't ask for food every dayGo and find some work 別天天要飯，找點(diǎn)兒工作做。 I dont think you should ask your parents fo

26、r some money.我想你不應(yīng)向父母要錢。  4the same as. 與相同 （注意前后兩個(gè)比較對(duì)象的屬性保持一致）The clothes are the same as my friends'這些衣服與我朋友的一樣。 Tom is the same age as Anna Tom is as old as Anna 湯姆和安娜一樣大。 Her backpack is the same as mine.    她的背包與我的一樣。  5except 除以外；（不包括在內(nèi)） My class has been invi

27、ted except me除我以外，我的同學(xué)都被邀請(qǐng)了。 All the students went to the park except him除了他之外，全體同學(xué)都去過公園了。 They all traveled America except her.  除了她以外，所有的學(xué)生都去美國旅行過。 注意區(qū)別：besides 除以外，還有.（包括在內(nèi)） We all went there besides him除他去以外，我們也都去了。( He went thereWe went there, too) 他也去了，我們也去了！/大家都去了！ There are five more vi

28、sitors besides me.除了我之外還有5名訪客 （加上我是6個(gè)）6wrong adj錯(cuò)誤的；有毛病的；不合適的 What's wrong with you? 你怎么了?(你哪里不舒服?) I've got a headache我頭痛。 Whats wrong with your watch? It doesn't work.你的手表怎么了？它不走了。 注意：Whats the matter with you?= Whats wrong with you ?=Whats the trouble with you? 你怎么了？/你出什么事了？7get on（we

29、ll） with sb與某人相處（融洽） get on ( well ) with sth 某事進(jìn)展地好The students will get on well with the teacher學(xué)生會(huì)和老師相處得非常好。 How are you going on with your new friends? 你和你的新朋友相片如何 ？These days ,Mr Green gets on well with his new job. 這些天，格林先生的工作進(jìn)展很順利8have a fight with sb fight with sb與某人打架 I dont want to have a

30、fight with my cousin 我不想和我的堂兄打架。 They never fight with each other.They are really good friends.            他們從不打架，他們的確是好朋友。  二、主要句型(Key Sentences Structures) What should I do?  You could write him a letter What should he do? Maybe he s

31、hould say sorry to him What should they do? They shouldn't argue 三、詞語辨析 1. borrow sth. from sb.   從某人處借進(jìn)某物 （借回來）    lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth   把某物借給某人 （借出去）  注：  borrow sth. from sb.  是指該句的主語從別人處(往里)借進(jìn)某物 例:He borrowed the diction

32、ary from Lucy yesterday. 他昨天從露西處借了那本字典.      lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth. 是指該句的主語把某物（往外）借給別人用 例如：Could you lend me your car? =Could you lend your car to me?請(qǐng)你借給我你的車用一下好嗎？2. get sb. to do  使做（以人為對(duì)象時(shí)，有“說服使做”的含義）     He could get a tutor to come to his home.

33、他可以請(qǐng)一位家庭教師來他家。     Youll never get her to agree.  你決不可能使她同意。 ask sb. to do  邀請(qǐng)（人）做    We asked her to come to our party.我們請(qǐng)她來參加聚會(huì) tell sb. to do讓某人做某事  例如：     The teacher told him to finish the work that day. 老師那天讓他完成那項(xiàng)工作。3、be in style 

34、60; 時(shí)髦的，流行的    be out of style    過時(shí)的，不時(shí)髦的 例： Look! Her new dress is in style.她的新裙子很時(shí)髦。 Those clothes are out of style.  那些衣服過時(shí)了。四、課文解釋1、I dont want to surprise him. 我不想讓他感到意外。    此處surprise是及物動(dòng)詞  surprise sb. 使某人感到吃驚    eg. My friend

35、always surprises me.2、talk about it on the phone  用電話就此事進(jìn)行交流On the phone 在電話里 。不能使用 in the phone、eg. They talk about a lot on the phone yesterday. 他們昨天在電話里談了很多3、call sb. (up) =give sb. a call   給某人打電話4、write sb. a letter = write a letter to sb.    給某人寫信5、give him a tick

36、et to a ball game.給他一張觀看球賽的入場券 (注意to 譯為：.的)  eg. They got two tickets to tonights show. 他們搞了兩張今晚表演的入場券。6、She has the same haircut as I do.  她和我有相同的發(fā)型。eg. Tim has the same clothes as his brother does.提姆和他的弟弟有相同的衣服。7、find out （經(jīng)過某人的研究、努力）發(fā)現(xiàn)，查出，找出You should find out the answer for y

37、ourself.你應(yīng)該自己去找答案。8、Everyone else in my class was invited except me.  除了我以外，我們班其他別的人都接到了邀請(qǐng)（信）此句中else一詞不能單獨(dú)使用，它必須跟在不定代詞像“someone, anyone nobody”等詞的后面，或跟在特殊疑問詞像“what, where”等詞的后面使用意思是“別的”eg. What else 別的什么， Who else 其他誰 someone else 其他人9、I cant think what I did wrong.  我真想不出我做錯(cuò)了什么。此句中 what I

38、 did wrong是賓語從句，應(yīng)用陳述語序 （即 ：主語+動(dòng)詞）10、Im very upset and dont know what to do.我很沮喪，不知該干什么。此句中 what to do是不定式作know的賓語，可用賓語從句來代替?？梢哉f成“I dont know what I should do.”請(qǐng)大家背熟以下兩個(gè)常見結(jié)構(gòu)： I dont know what to do .我不知道該做什么。 I dont know how to do it. 我不知道該怎么去做它。11、There are a lot of things you could do. 有許多你能做的事。此句中

39、 you could do是定語從句，修飾前面的名詞“things”12、You left your homework at home.你把你的作業(yè)落在家里了。leave sth. +介詞短語，是“把忘在，落在（某處）的意思。eg. He left his umbrella on the bus.他把傘忘在公交車上。 注：千萬不能根據(jù)漢語的說法寫為：forget sth ,只能用leave sth.表示“落下”13、You should try to be funny.  你應(yīng)該試著幽默一些。   Try to do努力做，試著做，盡量做  

40、而try not to do  是盡量不做eg. Please try not to be late again.  請(qǐng)盡量不要再遲到。14、Their school days are busy enough.  他們的學(xué)校生活是夠忙的。  enough必須放在形容詞/副詞的后面,表示“足夠的” （后置）eg. He is tall enough to reach that apple. 他足夠高的可以夠著那個(gè)蘋果。15、be under too much pressure.  在太多的壓力下16、see other children doin

41、g a lot of things    看別的孩子在做許多事see sb. doing    看見某人正在干某事 （強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行）See sb do sth 看見某人做過某事 （強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作已結(jié)束）eg. We saw them playing basketball at that time.那時(shí)我們看見他們?cè)诖蚧@球 17、find it hard to do sth.  發(fā)現(xiàn)做（事）很難       He found it hard to learn math

42、well.  他發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)好數(shù)學(xué)很難注：it 初中階段常作：形式主語 /形式賓語 ，而句子真正的主語/賓語則由to do 來擔(dān)當(dāng).八年級(jí)下冊(cè) Unit 2 What should I do ? 練習(xí)題一丶單項(xiàng)選擇 1. Im not good at math. I really dont know_.A. what should I do B.how should do C.what to do 2. My best friend is the same_. We are both 12 years old. A. as my age B.age as me C.as me age3.

43、Can you_ what time the meeting starts? A.find out B.look after C.find4. My mother knows little about fashion. Her clothes are always_ A.in style B. Out of style C.new and smart5. Dad, I dont have enough money to buy a CD. Could you_me some? A.borrow B.lend C.keep6. Dont argue_ your parents. Its not

44、polite. A.to B.for C.with7. “What should I do ?” “_ you could get_part-time job.” A.Maybe ,a B.May be ,/ C.Really, a8.-Youd better not go out now. Its raining. - It doesnt matter. My new coat can keep_ the rain. A.in B.of C.out9. Its a beautiful coat. But he _ only 30 dollars for it. A. paid B.bough

45、t C.spent 10.The weather is_ for us to go swiming. A.enough warm B.warm enough C.too warm11.He_ his homework at home yesterday. A. left B.leaves C.forgot12. Could you give me_ to eat? Im hungry.A.anything B.something C.some thing13. If you are wrong, you should _sorry _others.A. talk, to B.say, to C

46、.speak, about14. I was told to be here before seven. - Oh, you_ .Im sorry for not telling you that we have changed the plan.A. must B.cant C.neednt15. Whats wrong _ your radio? - It doesnt work. A. to B.with C.for二丶根據(jù)首字母及句意完成單詞。1. We a_ with the taxi driver about the money yesterday.2. Under the p_

47、of modern life, many people feel very tired.3. Everyone went to play soccer e_ Tom ,because he doesnt like it.4. She didnt go to bed u_her mother came back last night.5. Julia f_ her test,so she was very upset.三丶甩所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Dont be stressed out. You should try _ (be) relaxed.2. Give me_ (free) or

48、 let me die3. I plan to _ (surprised) her at her birthday party.4. Could you please _ (pass) me those dumplings?5. Im very upset and dont know what _ (do). 四丶根據(jù)漢語完成句子。1. 她生你的氣了，所以你她打電話。 She _ _ _ you, so you should _ _ _.2. 你能給我一些建議嗎？Could you give me _ _ ?3. Henry很失落，不知道該怎么做。Henry is very _ and doe

49、snt know _ _ _ .4. 星期三詹姆斯把他的歷史書落在家里了James_ his history book _ _ on _.5. 孩子們需要時(shí)間和自由去玩耍與思考。Children need _ and _ to play and think.八年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit 3 what were you doing when the ufo arrived? 單元筆記【重難點(diǎn)分析】一. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)刻或者某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常和表過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。   過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：肯定形式：主語+was/were+V-ing否定形式：主語+was

50、 not (wasn't)/were not (weren't)+V-ing疑問形式：Was/Were+主語+V-ing。基本用法：1. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。常與之連用的時(shí)間狀語有：at that time/moment, (at) this time yesterday (last night/Sunday/week), at+點(diǎn)鐘+yesterday (last night / Sunday)，when sb. did sth等時(shí)間狀語從句。如：  What were you doing at 7p.m. yesterday? 昨

51、天晚上七點(diǎn)你在干什么？    I first met Mary three years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time. 我第一次遇到瑪麗是在三年前，當(dāng)時(shí)她在一家無線電商店工作。    I was cooking when she knocked at the door. 她敲門時(shí)我正在做飯。      2. when后通常用表示暫短性動(dòng)詞，while后通常用表示持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，因此它所引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞常用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)

52、，如：    When the car exploded I was walking past it.= While I was walking past the car it exploded.       3.when用作并列連詞時(shí)，主句常用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，從句則用一般過去時(shí)，表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的過程中，另一個(gè)意想不到的動(dòng)作發(fā)生了。如：    I was walking in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走時(shí)突然有人喊

53、我。       4. when作并列連詞，表示“（這時(shí)）突然”之意時(shí)，第一個(gè)并列分句用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，when引導(dǎo)的并列分句用一般過去時(shí)。如：    I was taking a walk when I met him. 我正在散步，突然遇見了他。We were playing outside when it began to rain. 我們正在外邊玩，這時(shí)下起雨來了。特點(diǎn) ：while之后的從句一般用：進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)（be+doing） When之后的從句一般用：過去時(shí)態(tài) 【注：本特點(diǎn)不是while和when

54、的全部用法，更多的用法會(huì)在以后的學(xué)習(xí)中見到】二. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(Modal Verbs ) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：must 用于表示“必須”、“務(wù)必”注：以must引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句，否定回答習(xí)慣上用 No，you neednt或 don't have to. Must I pay now? Yes,you must . No, you neednt./No,you dont have to.三. 重點(diǎn)詞匯 1cut v切；剪；割cut (ones)hair   理發(fā)Be carefulDon't cut yourself小心，別切到自己。2alien n外星人An alien got out of the UFO.  一個(gè)外星人從不明飛行物里出來。3land v登岸；登陸；降落 n.陸地The plane will land in ten minutes飛機(jī)將在十分鐘后降落。A UFO landed in the middle of the field.  一個(gè)不明飛行物降落在田野中間。4while conj當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候；在之時(shí)While I danced, she sang我跳舞，她唱歌。While