【KS5U解析】河南省濮陽市2019-2020學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題 Word版含解析

1、高中一年級期末考試英語試題注意事項:本試卷分四部分，考試時間120分鐘，滿分150分?？忌鷳?yīng)首先閱讀答題卡上的文字信息，然后在答題卡上作答，在試題卷上作答無效。第一部分 聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)(略)第二部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分) 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的a、b、c和d四個選項中，選出最佳選項。aprague is cracking! my sister was right. it really is one of europe's most popular tourist attractions, which has beau

2、tiful old buildings. so far, my favorite place is prague castle. i think it is the largest ancient castle in the world. prague also has a lot of cultural events, like the world dance festival. i went to a ballet(芭蕾舞劇) just last night.lilyi've come to shanghai at the right time. it was exciting!

3、there are many tourists there. it has some wonderful buildings from the 1930s. yesterday was the dragon boat festival. i went on a night cruise(乘船游覽) of the huangpu river last night. i met some great people on the boat, mostly foreigners, like me.stanbuenos aires is a fun city. i'm staying near

4、the mile-long shopping street called calle florida. it is a great place to meet people and watch dancers perform the tango. buenos aires is the birthplace of the tango. i also spent a day in the suburb of tigre. it's about 30 km from the capital, and you can get there quickly by train. however,

5、i chose to take a boat on the canals of the parana delta.melinda1. what can be learned according to lily?a. prague is a modern city.b. prague is worth visiting.c. prague is most famous for its ballet.d. prague is the largest ancient castle in the world.2. both stan and melinda_.a. took a boat trip.b

6、. saw a lot of old buildingsc. went to a festivald. travelled by train3. the passage is probably taken out of_.a. a history bookb. a news reportc. a travel websited. a personal diary【答案】1. b 2. a 3. c【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章以三位游歷過景點的游客的視角，介紹了三個著名的旅游景點。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。第一段中的prague is cracking! my sister was right.

7、it really is one of europe's most popular tourist attractions, which has beautiful old buildings. prague（布拉格）真是鼎鼎大名。我妹妹是對的。它確實是歐洲最受歡迎的旅游景點之一，有美麗的古老建筑。這是lily的描述，從中了解到prague是頂尖的旅游景點，是最受歡迎的景點之一，當(dāng)然值得一游。選項b prague值得去旅游。切題，故選b?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。第二段中的i went on a night cruise(乘船游覽) of the huangpu river last n

8、ight.stan，第四段中的however, i chose to take a boat on the canals of the parana delta.melinda，可知stan和melinda兩人都是坐船游覽的，選項a乘船游覽。切題，故選a?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。文章以三個游歷過景點的人的口吻介紹了三個著名的旅游景點，是一種廣告推廣，目的是叫更多的人去選擇這些景點，它的受眾是一般的瀏覽者，不具有專業(yè)性和私密性。選項c旅游網(wǎng)站。切題，故選c。bworking or learning in a foreign country can be a difficult experienc

9、e. the hardest part of working abroad isn't finding a place to stay or learning the language. it's learning to overcome the culture shock.these things are part of everyday life, and include many signs, gestures, facial expressions ,and customs. when we enter a new culture, these cues (提示)are

10、 usually not present or so different that theyre no longer understandable to us.“when a person enters a foreign culture, ” wrote oberg, “all or most of these familiar cues are eliminated. he or she is like a fish out of water. no matter how broad-minded he or she may be, lots of props(支柱) have been

11、knocked out from the environment.”this is what happened to lara, a young it consultant (顧問) from america moved last year to their company in southern europe. three weeks after she arrived in europe. lara sent a desperate e-mail begging to return home. “the people are so unfriendly, ”lara wrote ,&quo

12、t;they eat at strange hours and i'm starting to get allergic (過敏的)to the local food. i can't get anything done because their way of doing business is so disorganized and so inefficient and i have a terrible skin itch because of the water. i want to come home! ”what lara and other it consulta

13、nts meet on their first assignment abroad is a culture shock. while you cant prevent the culture shock from happening, you can take some measures to cut down its effects.4. what is the most difficult part for a foreign student?a. entering a famous school.b. finding a right place to live.c. adapting

14、to the local culture.d. learning the foreign language.5. which of the following can replace the underlined word “eliminated”in paragraph 4?a. solvedb. measuredc. observedd. removed.6. what happened to lara when she arrived in europe?a. her life got into a mess.b. she worked more efficient than at ho

15、me.c. she couldnt get on well with her colleagues.d. she was out of condition because of the weather7. why does the author describe laras experience?a. to tell us how she manages to work well.b. to explain to us what the culture shock is.c. to show us how to adapt to the culture shock.d. to show us

16、where we'll meet with the culture shock.【答案】4. c 5. d 6. a 7. b【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。介紹了在國外工作或?qū)W習(xí)所面臨的“文化沖突”，它是當(dāng)我們進入一種新的文化時，我們原先所熟悉的日常生活的部分，比如符號，手勢，面部表情和習(xí)俗就不存在或大不相同了，我們無法理解它們，從而產(chǎn)生的像魚兒離開了水的一種感覺?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。第一段中的the hardest part of working abroad isn't finding a place to stay or learning the language.

17、 it's learning to overcome the culture shock. 在國外工作最困難的部分不是找到地方住下來或?qū)W習(xí)語言。而是學(xué)習(xí)克服文化沖擊。可知，對一個外國學(xué)生而言，最困難的不是住宿，不是進入某所有名的學(xué)?；蚴菍W(xué)習(xí)語言，而是應(yīng)對文化沖擊。選項c適應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)氐奈幕Ｇ蓄}，故選c?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。畫線詞后的lots of props(支柱) have been knocked out from the environment許多支柱一下子從你的生活環(huán)境里被抽掉。畫線詞所在句子的主語all or most of these familiar cues對應(yīng)主語lo

18、ts of props，畫線詞對應(yīng)knocked out from從抽掉，選項d（移開，拿走）可以替換畫線詞，切題，故選d?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。第四段中的“the people are so unfriendly, ”lara wrote ,"they eat at strange hours and i'm starting to get allergic (過敏的)to the local food. i can't get anything done because their way of doing business is so disorganized

19、 and so inefficient and i have a terrible skin itch because of the water. ” “人們太不友好了，” lara寫道，“他們在奇怪的時間吃東西，我開始對當(dāng)?shù)厥澄镞^敏。我不能做任何事情，因為他們做事情的方式是如此混亂，如此低效。因為當(dāng)?shù)氐乃移つw癢的可怕?！笨芍琹ara從生活到工作各方面都遇到了很多不適應(yīng)，無法正常生活和工作。選項a她的生活一團糟。切題，故選a。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。最后一段中的what lara and other it consultants meet on their first assignment

20、 abroad is a culture shock. lara 和其他 it 顧問在首次出國工作時遇到的種種就是文化沖突?？芍髡咧悦枋鰈ara的經(jīng)歷是為了具體解釋他所介紹的文化沖突是什么。選項b為了向我們解釋文化沖突是什么。選項b，切題，故選b。【點睛】第2小題的詞義猜測題的解題方法可以叫作“等量代換法”，在畫線詞后，找到畫線詞所在句子的同義句，然后分別比較兩個句子的主語、謂語或賓語等，看畫線詞對應(yīng)的是同義句中的哪個句子成份，那畫線詞就是同一句子成份的那個詞匯的意思。all or most of these familiar cues are eliminated. 與lots of

21、 props(支柱) have been knocked out from the environment.是同義句，畫線詞eliminated在句中是謂語動詞（被動態(tài)），同義句中knocked out from是其謂語動詞（被動態(tài)），二者可以等量代換，即eliminated詞義=knocked out from詞義，即可選定答案。crakesh shukla is a talented software engineer and ceo of a successful tech company.but among india's animal lovers he is known a

22、s "the dog father, an outstanding man who founded the country's most advanced dog rescue center and who personally takes care of 735 stray(流浪的) and abandoned dogs that nobody else wants.12 years ago, rakesh and his wife founded a tech company which quickly became successful, but he still di

23、dnt feel happy and satisfied. it wasnt until 2009, when kavya,a beautiful dog, came into his life that he truly felt that his life had meaning. three months later,he got a second dog, this time a stray called lucky. over the next few weeks, whenever rakesh saw a stray or an abandoned dog, he just br

24、ought it home. the number grew quickly.in 2011, he founded the voice of stray dogs, a dog rescue organization working to support the strays of bangalore. today, it is the world's largest citywide dog rescue center.he kept adopting stray and abandoned dogs. by 2015, he had spent over $ 1 million

25、of his own money to rescue over 5,000 stray dogs in bangalore, not to mention taking care of the hundreds that lived at his shelter permanently. facing a series of problems, while providing the city a free service, he decided that people who need a dog rescued have to pay a 2, 500 rupee($37)fee.rake

26、sh shukla is viewed by many as a hero, and a human champion of stray and abandoned dogs in bangalore.8. we know from the first paragraph that rakesh_.a. is well-known as a software engineer and ceo.b. quit his job to take care of the abandoned dogs.c. founded the most advanced dog rescue center in i

27、ndia.d. looked for their owners for the strays or abandoned dogs.9. when did rakesh begin to have dogs in his care?a. in 2006b. in 2009c. in 2011.d. in 201510. the voice of stray dogs_.a. was set up by rakesh's wifeb. is making a study on the straysc. collects information about the straysd. is t

28、he worlds largest citywide dog rescue center11. why did rakesh decide to ask for a fee from people who need dogs?a. he faced lack of moneyb. he doesnt want to lose his dogsc. he wants people to treat dogs betterd. he wants to make money by selling dogs【答案】8. c 9. b 10. d 11. a【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了rakesh

29、 shukla這位才華橫溢的軟件工程師，同時是一家出名的科技公司的首席執(zhí)行官，他收養(yǎng)流浪狗和被遺棄的狗的故事。他被許多人視為英雄，是班加羅爾流浪狗和被遺棄狗的第一保護人。【8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。第一段中的but among india's animal lovers he is known as "the dog father, an outstanding man who founded the country's most advanced dog rescue center但是在印度的動物愛好者中，他被稱為“狗爸爸”，一個杰出的人，他創(chuàng)立了印度最先進的狗救護中心

30、。可知，rakesh創(chuàng)立了印度最先進的狗救護中心。選項c創(chuàng)立了印度最先進的狗救護中心。切題，故選c?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。第二段中的it wasnt until 2009, when kavya ,a beautiful dog, came into his life that he truly felt that his life had meaning. 直到2009年，當(dāng)kavya，一只漂亮的狗進入他的生活，他才真的覺得他的生活有意義?？芍瑀akesh是從2009年開始照顧狗的，題目問rakesh什么時候開始照顧狗，選項b：2009年，切題，故選b?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。第一段中

31、的today, it is the world's largest citywide dog rescue center. 目前，它是世界上最大的覆蓋全市范圍的狗救援中心。可知，the voice of stray dogs是世界上最大的覆蓋全市范圍的狗救援中心。選項d是世界上最大的覆蓋全市范圍的狗救援中心。切題，故選d。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。第四段中的by 2015, he had spent over $ 1 million of his own money to rescue over 5,000 stray dogs in bangalore, not to mention

32、 taking care of the hundreds that lived at his shelter permanently. facing a series of problems, while providing the city a free service, he decided that people who need a dog rescued have to pay a 2, 500 rupee($37)fee. 到2015年，他自己花費了100多萬美元來救助班加羅爾的5000多只流浪狗，這還沒算照顧那些永久住在他收容所的數(shù)百只流浪狗的費用。 由于面對一系列問題，而與為城

33、市提供免費服務(wù)不同，他決定，需要狗救援的人必須支付2500盧比（合37美元）的費用?？芍?，他在救援流浪和被遺棄的狗上面花費了自己大量的錢，為城市提供狗救援是免費的，現(xiàn)在個人需要狗救援的要支付費用，說明他需要錢，他的資金面臨短缺。選項a他面臨資金短缺。切題，故選a。dscientists may have found a way to reduce shortage of type o blood. type o is the kind of blood that hospitals most often need. what the researchers are testing is an

34、easier way to make type o blood out of other kinds of blood.there are four main kinds of blood. most people born with one of these four: type a,type b, type ab or type o. type o can be safely given to anyone. so it is commonly used when a person is injured or sick and has to have blood.the differenc

35、es among blood types are linked to whether or not red blood cells contain certain kinds of sugar molecules(分子). these molecules are found on the surface of the cells.they are known as antigens (抗原). these antigens are found with type a b and ab blood but not with type o. more than twenty-five years

36、ago, scientists found that the antigens could be removed to create what they called universal-type cells. they could be removed with chemicals called enzymes(酶). but large amounts of enzymes were required to make the change.doctor henrik clausen of the university of copenhagen in denmark led the stu

37、dy. the next step, he says, is to complete safety tests. the team is working with the american company zymequest to test the new method. if it meets safety requirements(*k)and is not too costly,it could become a widely used life-saving tool to increase the supply of universal blood.12. how do scient

38、ists deal with the problem of lacking type o blood?a. hope more people to donate type o blood.b. make the most of the present type o blood.c. develop new ways of using type o blood.d. make type o blood out of other kinds of blood.13. what make people have different kinds of blood?a. sugar molecules

39、in red blood cells.b. people's different living conditions.c. peoples various immune systems.d. the variety of peoples cells and genes.14. what can we infer from the text?a. type o blood can be safely given to anyoneb. antigens could easily be removed to create universal blood.c. a danish compan

40、y wanted to involve itself in studying blood.d. the new method is not safe enough to be put into use in hospitals now.15. what is the best title for the text?a. four different kinds of bloodb. a new way to make type o bloodc. the latest research on blood typed. find the proper type of blood【答案】12. d

41、 13. a 14. d 15. b【解析】這是一篇說明文。介紹了目前科學(xué)家正在測試的一種新的o型血的制造方法，這一方法可以解決醫(yī)院和血庫中o型血的匱乏問題?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。第一段中的what the researchers are testing is an easier way to make type o blood out of other kinds of blood. 研究人員正在測試的是一種更容易的方法，從其他類型的血液來制造o型血液。可知，科學(xué)家通過使用其它類型的血液來制造o型血，以解決o型的短缺。選項d用其它類型的血液來制造o型血。切題，故選d?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理

42、解題。第三段中the differences among blood types are linked to whether or not red blood cells contain certain kinds of sugar molecules(分子). 血型之間的差異與紅血球細胞是否含有某些類型的糖分子有關(guān)?？芍褐杂胁煌念愋褪且驗槟承┘t血球細胞中的糖分子。題目問：什么決定了人具有不同的血型？選項a紅血球細胞中的糖分子。切題，故選a。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。最后一段的the next step, he says, is to complete safety tests.

43、the team is working with the american company zymequest to test the new method. if it meets safety requirements and is not too costly ,it could become a widely used life-saving tool to increase the supply of universal blood.他說，下一步是完成安全測試。該團隊正與美國公司zymequest合作，測試新方法。如果符合安全要求，而且價格不貴，它可能會增加全球血液的供應(yīng)，被廣泛應(yīng)用

44、來救助生命。可知，新的方法還沒有完成安全測試，由于安全性還不確定，還沒有投入使用。選項d新的方法還沒有安全到現(xiàn)在就能投入到醫(yī)院里使用。切題，故選d。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。文章一開始的what the researchers are testing is an easier way to make type o blood out of other kinds of blood.（研究人員正在測試的是一種更容易的方法，從其他類型的血液來制造o型血液。）就告訴了文章要介紹的是一種新的制造o型血的方法，這就是文章的中心大意，文章標題要體現(xiàn)其大意，選項b一種制造o型血的新方法。切題，故選b。第二節(jié)

45、(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。tricks（竅門）to make friends at a new schoolstarting with a new school can be difficult. everything seems to be difficult, and you don't even know where to go for your own classes. making new friends can be hard, too. _16_be yourself.never

46、change who you are to try to fit in. if some people don't accept you, they're not the kind of friends you need. _17_ for example, someone who does a lot of sports may make friends with those who also run or swim a lot.be friendly to others_18_ if you think that you will say something that ma

47、y make them feel sad, do not say anything and just nod your head if they talk to you. also, remember to be as helpful as possible!_19_ .a smile goes a long way. when you walk in the halls, don't keep your eyes on the floor. raise your head and make eye contact with other people. if you see someo

48、ne you know, smile or say “hi". introduce yourself. tell them your name and where youre from.remember peoples names.you like it when people use your name, and so do other people. _20_ besides, ask them in a kind way if they have a nickname （昵稱）. you'd be surprised at how often this might co

49、me in handy.a. people may become angry if you just begin by saying “hey” each time.b. remember to be nice to the people you meet at your new school.c. join in after-school activities you like.d. these tricks can help you quickly turn some strangers into friends.e. people often stay together because

50、they have similar interests.f. don't sit at the back of the classroom where other people don't notice you!g. believe in yourself.【答案】16. d 17. e 18. b 19. g 20. a【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要向人們介紹在一所新的學(xué)校里交到新朋友的方法：1、做你自己；2、對別人友好；3、相信你自己；4、記住別人的名字。【16題詳解】結(jié)合下文主要內(nèi)容為說明交新朋友的方法，故可知本空起承上啟下作用，故d選項“這些技巧可以幫助你迅速

51、地把一些陌生人變成朋友?！狈仙舷挛恼Z境。故選d?！?7題詳解】結(jié)合下文for example, someone who does a lot of sports may make friends with those who also run or swim a lot.（例如，做很多運動的人可能會和那些也經(jīng)常跑步或游泳的人交朋友。）可知人們會和有跟自己相似興趣的人做朋友，故e選項“人們經(jīng)常呆在一起，因為他們有相似的興趣?！狈仙舷挛恼Z境。故選e?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文if you think that you will say something that may make them fe

52、el sad, do not say anything and just nod your head if they talk to you.（如果你認為你會說一些讓他們感到難過的話，不要說任何話，如果他們和你說話，只要點頭就可以了。）可知要對他人友好，不要說一些讓別人感到難過的話。故b選項“記住對你在新學(xué)校遇到的人要友好?！狈仙舷挛恼Z境。故選b?！?9題詳解】本句為本段小標題，結(jié)合本段內(nèi)容a smile goes a long way. when you walk in the halls, don't keep your eyes on the floor. raise your

53、 head and make eye contact with other people. if you see someone you know, smile or say “hi". introduce yourself. tell them your name and where youre from.（微笑能讓你走得更遠。當(dāng)你走進大廳時，不要盯著地板。抬起你的頭，與他人進行眼神交流。如果你看到你認識的人，微笑或說“嗨”。介紹你自己。告訴他們你的名字和你來自哪里。）可知建議抬起頭勇敢與他人交流，介紹自我，面帶微笑這些都是建議要保持自信，相信自己。故g選項“相信自己。”符合語境。

54、故選g?！?0題詳解】結(jié)合上文you like it when people use your name, and so do other people.（你喜歡別人用你的名字，別人也一樣。）可知盡量叫別人的名字來打招呼，不要只是簡單的“嘿”，這樣別人可能認為你不禮貌會生氣。故a選項“如果你每次一開始就說“嘿”，人們可能會生氣?！狈仙舷挛恼Z境。故選a。【點睛】閱讀理解之七選五解題方法一、總體方法先確定出題的位置；讀題干，再讀需要填入句子的上下句，畫出關(guān)鍵詞；讀文章各段落，確定段落中心句和文章主題句；通讀文章確定上下句和選項之間的邏輯關(guān)系。二、根據(jù)出題位置的不同，說說各自不同的解題方法。1、出

55、題位置設(shè)在段首1）查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。2）鎖定關(guān)鍵詞，然后在并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果等選項中查找相關(guān)特征詞。通常正確答案的最后一句與空白后的第一句在意思上是緊密銜接的。2、出題位置在段落中比較上下文的關(guān)鍵詞來鎖定答案閱讀各個空的前后句，標記關(guān)鍵詞，閱讀五個空白的前后句，并將前后句中的解題線索，即關(guān)鍵詞標記下來。關(guān)鍵詞包括句中的核心名詞或名詞詞組（如帶有形容詞的名詞詞組），專有名詞、時間數(shù)字、代詞、連詞等；閱讀各個選項，尤其是選項的首句，標記關(guān)鍵詞；比較并匹配上述兩類關(guān)鍵詞，確定答案；將確定的答案代入原文，看讀起來是否通順。如第二小題，結(jié)合下文for example, someone

56、 who does a lot of sports may make friends with those who also run or swim a lot.（例如，做很多運動的人可能會和那些也經(jīng)常跑步或游泳的人交朋友。）可知人們會和有跟自己相似興趣的人做朋友，故e選項“人們經(jīng)常呆在一起，因為他們有相似的興趣?！狈仙舷挛恼Z境。故選e。3、出題位置在段尾這個時候，空白前的一句或兩句是重點語句，大家要重點閱讀以鎖定關(guān)鍵詞。1） 要注意在選項中查找表示結(jié)果的、結(jié)論、總結(jié)等的關(guān)鍵詞，如：therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, in a wor

57、d等，另外大家也要知道，選項中也可以發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞語。2）如果與前文是轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系。大家就要注意在選項中尋找表示轉(zhuǎn)折對比的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，同時注意選項中所講內(nèi)容是否與前文在同一主題上形成對立對比關(guān)系。3）如果所選答案是引出下一段的內(nèi)容在選項中找不出與前文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，此時可考慮與下一段開頭是否有一定的銜接。認真閱讀下一段開頭幾句，看看是否與選項的最后一句緊密連接起來。第三部分 語言知識運用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié) (共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的a、b、c和d四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。i had ever been invited to

58、see a performance. that day i met a brave and talented boy i would never_21_. the young musician, mr. patrick henry hughes, was rolled onto the stage in his wheelchair and began to play the_22_. his fingers danced across the keys as he made beautiful_23_. he then began to sing as he played, and it was eve