人教版高二英語(yǔ)選修六同步復(fù)習(xí)全攻略3.1重點(diǎn)詞匯短語(yǔ)細(xì)解(含解析)

1、重點(diǎn)詞匯短語(yǔ)名皤一、重點(diǎn)詞匯細(xì)解A1. stress n.壓力；重音 vt.加壓力于；使緊張【歸納拓展】stressful adj.緊張的，壓力重的stressed adj.焦慮的，緊張的，無(wú)法放松的a stressful job/situation/lifestyle繁重的工作/艱難的處境/緊張的生活方式be stressed out ( 因心理壓力過重而)筋疲力盡的under stress 在壓力之下under the stress of 在的壓力下stress that/sth. 強(qiáng)調(diào)in the stress of the moment 一時(shí)緊張time of stress危難之際，非

2、常時(shí)期lay/place/put stress on 把重點(diǎn)放在上即學(xué)即練(1)完成句子 Doctors point out that, loneliness, and lack of friends can havea negative influence on sick people.醫(yī)生指出壓力、寂寞和缺乏朋友會(huì)對(duì)病患造成負(fù)面的影響。 In the word “ mother" the is on the first syllable.在“mother”這個(gè)單詞中，重音在第一個(gè)音節(jié)上。 The English curriculum should both composition

3、 and reading.英語(yǔ)課程對(duì)寫作和閱讀應(yīng)同樣重視。Worrying over his job and his wife ' s health him.憂慮自己的工作及妻子的健康問題使他處于極大的壓力之下。 That young lady,her situation, changed effectively.刃 B 位年輕的小姐，在處境的壓力下，變化顯著。 After a long and tough journey, all of us felt exhausted and.經(jīng)過漫長(zhǎng)而艱難的旅途后，我們所有人都感到筋疲力盡?！敬鸢浮?stress stress lay stre

4、ss on/stress put ; under a great stress under the stress of were stressed out【解析】主要考察stress相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)(2)用含有stress的句子翻譯他強(qiáng)調(diào)了接受良好教育的重要性。由于天氣惡劣，我們推遲了運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)?！敬鸢浮?He stressed the importance of a good education./ He laid/placed/put stress on the importance of a good education./Stress was laid/placed/put on the imp

5、ortance of a good education by him. We put off the sports meeting under the stress of the bad weather.【解析】主要考察對(duì)stress的運(yùn)用2. ban vt. 禁止；取締；n.禁令；譴責(zé)【教材原句】 Do you think smoking should be banned?你認(rèn)為吸煙應(yīng)該被禁止嗎？【歸納拓展】ban doing sth. 禁止做某事ban sb. from doing sth.禁止某人做某事a ban on sth. 對(duì)的禁令put/place a ban on sth. 宣

6、布禁止under a ban受禁止；被查禁a total ban on sth. 對(duì)的禁令例：The parent ' s group called for a total ban on violent video games.該家長(zhǎng)組織呼吁徹底禁止暴力電子游戲。(2)The government has banned the use of chemical weapons.政府已經(jīng)禁止使用化學(xué)武器。即學(xué)即練用介詞填空After the accident , he was banned driving.(2)He says the proposals may include a ban

7、 drunken- driving.【答案】from(2)on【解析】主要考察 ban的用法3. accustom vt.使習(xí)慣于accustomed adj. 慣常的；習(xí)慣了的【教材原句】 This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it.這就是說，過一段時(shí)間以后，你的身體習(xí)慣了煙里的尼古丁?！練w納拓展】be accustomed (used) to (doing) sth. 習(xí)慣于(表狀態(tài)) become/get accustomed (= used) to (doing)

8、 sth. 習(xí)慣于(表動(dòng)作)accustom oneself/sb. to (doing) sth.使自己/ 某人習(xí)慣于即學(xué)即練(1)These peoplehard work. 這些人習(xí)慣于艱苦的工作。(2)Ibeing interrupted.我不習(xí)慣被別人打擾。(3)She took her by the window.(4)My eyes slowly the dark.她坐在她習(xí)慣的靠窗座位上。我的眼睛慢慢地習(xí)慣了黑暗。(1)accustomed themselves to(2)am not accustomed to(3)accustomed seat(4)got accustom

9、ed to【解析】主要考察accustom相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)【名師指津】表示“習(xí)慣于”的短語(yǔ)還有:be/get used to doingadapt oneself to doingadjust oneself to doing4. quit vt.停止(做某事)；離開【教材原句】When I was taken off the school footballteam because I was unfit,knewit was time to quit smoking.當(dāng)我因?yàn)椴唤】刀恍Ｗ闱蜿?duì)除名之后，我才知道該是我戒煙的時(shí)候了。【歸納拓展】quit (doing) sth. 停止做某事，注意 q

10、uit后須用動(dòng)名詞(而不能用動(dòng)詞不定式)作賓語(yǔ)。 即學(xué)即練翻譯句子(1)發(fā)現(xiàn)不良習(xí)慣時(shí)我們必須及時(shí)改正。(2)我根本就沒法戒掉看電視?！敬鸢浮?1)We must quit bad habits as soon as we find them.(2)I cannot quit watching TV.【解析】主要考察quit的用法【明辨異同】辨析 quit , abandon 和 desert這三個(gè)詞都含有“放棄” “遺棄”的意思。quit指突然或出其不意地"放棄"，現(xiàn)一般指"停止"。如： She quitted her job. 她放棄 了自己的工作。

11、abandon強(qiáng)調(diào)“完全、永遠(yuǎn)地遺棄”，尤其是指遺棄以前感興趣或負(fù)有責(zé)任的人或物。如：She abandoned her child.她遺棄了她的孩子。desert強(qiáng)調(diào)“違背誓言、命令、責(zé)任、義務(wù)等”。如：The soldier deserted his country and helped the enemy.那個(gè)士兵叛國(guó)助敵。5. desperate adj.不顧一切的，拼命的；絕望的；極嚴(yán)重的【教材原句】If you feel desperate, you might like to talk to a doctor or chemist aboutsomething to help y

12、ou, like nicotine chewing gum.如果你的確感至U沒辦法，你還可以找個(gè)醫(yī)生或藥劑師來談?wù)?，幫你想辦法，如含尼古丁的口香糖等?！練w納拓展】be desperate for非常需要；渴望得到be desperate to do sth.渴望做某事例：(1)If foreign aid dries up, the situation will be desperate. 倘若外援枯竭，形勢(shì)將 極為嚴(yán)重。(2)He ' s desperate for a glass of water.他極想喝杯水。(3)They invoked help in the despera

13、te situation.他們?cè)谧咄稛o(wú)路的情況下懇求援助。(4)He was rifling through her desk in a desperate search for the letter.他拼命在她的書桌里搜尋那封信。即學(xué)即練(1)Judging from what he said and did, we can conclude that he(渴 望得到)fame.(2)After ten years of hard study, he(渴望通過)the College Entrance Examination.【答案】is desperate for(2)is desper

14、ate to pass【解析】主要考察 desperate的用法6. disappointed adj.失望的；沮喪的【教材原句】 Do not be disappointed if you have to try several times before you finallystop smoking.如果你不得不要嘗試幾次才能最終停止吸煙，不要失望。【歸納拓展】disappointing adj.令人失望的；令人掃興的be disappointed at/about sth.對(duì).失望be disappointed in/with sb.對(duì)某人失望be disappointed to do

15、因做失望be disappointed that 對(duì)失望to one ' s disappointment令人失望的是in disappointment = disappointedly 失望地例：It will be a great disappointment to me if I can' t find the suitcase.如果找不至U我的箱子，對(duì)我來說是個(gè)極大的失望。Dad seemed more disappointed than angry.與其說爸爸很生氣，倒不如說他很失望。即學(xué)即練用disappoint的適當(dāng)形式填空To our great, it rai

16、ned every day of the trip.(2)Your work is.(3)My mother said it was a great day, but she was just a little that itdidn ' t last a tiny bit longer.(4)I always felt I was a to my father.(5)What he has done is really. Now his parents are disappointed with him.【答案】(1)disappointment(2)disappointing(3)

17、disappointed(4)disappointment(5)disappointing【解析】 主要考察 disappointed, disappointing, disappointment的辨析7. ashamed adj,感到慚愧或羞恥的(表語(yǔ)形容詞 )【教材原句】If you weaken and have a cigarette, do not feel ashamed.如果你因意志衰弱而又抽煙了，也不要覺得難為情?！練w納拓展】(1)be/feel ashamed of (doing) sth./sb./oneself為做某事/某人/某人自己而感到慚愧be ashamed to

18、do sth. 恥于做某事feel/be ashamed for sb.替某人感到羞愧(2)shame n,羞愧；羞恥；慚愧It ' s a shame that 二What a shame that 真讓人遺憾What a shame!=It ' s a shame.=It ' s a pity. 真可惜！即學(xué)即練(1)He hisfailure.他對(duì)自己的失敗感到慚愧。(2)I haveto trouble you.真不好意思，我得要麻煩你。(3)He hehad made somecareless mistakes.他很慚愧犯了些粗心的錯(cuò)誤。(4)I behave

19、d badly yesterday and I now.我昨天表現(xiàn)得不好，現(xiàn)在感到很慚愧。(5)He having spoken so cruelly.他為說得如此殘忍而感到羞愧?！敬鸢浮縤s ashamed of(2)am quite ashamed to(3)was ashamed that(4)am ashamed (of myself)(5)felt ashamed for【解析】主要考察 ashamed的用法【明辨異同】ashamed 與 shamefulashamed意為“感到羞恥，覺得慚愧，不好意思”，表示主語(yǔ)主觀認(rèn)為是可恥的，通常作表shameful表示事物本身的客觀性質(zhì)是“可

20、恥的”，通常作定語(yǔ)。如：He was ashamed of being unable to answer the question.他因?yàn)椴荒芑卮鹉莻€(gè)問題而感到羞愧。To steal money from a blind person is a shameful act.偷盲人的錢是可恥的行為。即學(xué)即練單項(xiàng)選擇You should be of your conduct.A. shameful ; ashamed B. ashamed ; shamefulC. shame ; shameful D. ashamed ; ashamed(2)I was ashamed lied to my mot

21、her.A. to be B. of having C. that D. of being【解析】【答案】B【解析】句意；你應(yīng)該為你可恥的行為感到羞恥口raslianied of為而感到慚愧寧由皿曲!未示事物本身的客觀性質(zhì)是“可恥的"，魴皿icfiilgHdiKt可恥的行為”故選&(2)【答案】B【解析】句意：我向母親撒了謊，我感到很慚愧。A項(xiàng)雖有be ashamed to do 形式，但后面是lied ,所以應(yīng)排除；同樣排除C和D；考查的是 be ashamed of having done 結(jié)構(gòu)。8. risk n.冒險(xiǎn)；風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；危險(xiǎn)； vt.冒的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)【教材原句】He fe

22、lt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of taking risks.他覺得他必須在每一步都下定決心，而不是冒險(xiǎn)。【歸納拓展】at risk處于危險(xiǎn)之中at all risks=at any risk無(wú)論冒什么險(xiǎn)；無(wú)論如何at one ' s own risk 由自己負(fù)責(zé)，自擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)at the risk of doing sth.冒著的危險(xiǎn)risk one ' s life 冒生命危險(xiǎn)run/take a risk/risks 冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)run the risk of doing sth.冒著的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)risk doin

23、g sth. 冒險(xiǎn)做即學(xué)即練All passengers riding in cars are required to fasten their seatbelts in order toof injury in case of an accident.所有乘客乘坐汽車都必須系好安全帶以減少在事故中受傷的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。(2)According to studies, loneliness can of older people dying earlydue to its harmful effects on health.根據(jù)研究，寂寞會(huì)增加老年人提早死亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)樗鼘?duì)健康有不良的影響。(3)If

24、you don ' t obey me, you should be.你如果不服從我的話，你應(yīng)該自擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。(4)He risked his job to see me off.他冒著失去工作的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)給我送行。(5)He saved the child losing his own life.他冒著生命危險(xiǎn)把孩子從火中救出。(6)The future of the company was.這個(gè)公司的前途堪憂?！敬鸢浮縭educe the risk(2)increase the risk(3)at your own risk(4)losing(5)at the risk of(6)at ri

25、sk【解析】主要考察risk的用法9. judgement n.看法；判決；判斷【教材原句】 Before you read this text, what judgements did you make about people with HIV/AIDS?在閱讀這篇課文之前，你對(duì)感染艾滋病病毒的人有什么看法？【歸納拓展】in one ' s judgement 在某人看來 pass judgement on 作出裁決即學(xué)即練(1)He the guilty man.他對(duì)那個(gè)罪犯作出了裁決。(2)Her decision seems to show a lack of.她的決定似乎顯

26、示出缺乏政治判斷力。(3), we should accept their apology.依我看，我們應(yīng)該接受他們的道歉?！敬鸢浮縫assed judgement on(2)political judgement(3)In my judgement【解析】主要考察judgement的用法10. awkward adj.局促不安的；笨拙的【教材原句】 Then she offered me a cigarette and I felt so embarrassed and awkward.然后她遞給我一支煙，我感到非常尷尬與不安。例：(1)The heavy ax was awkward to

27、 use.這把重斧頭不好用。(2)Your refusal puts me in an awkward position.你的拒絕讓我感到十分為難。(3)At the formal party, I felt very awkward and out of place.在正式的舞會(huì)上，我感到局促不安，很不自在。(4)Mary, who was a very shy girl, felt awkward when she couldn ' t answer the teachers questions.瑪麗是一個(gè)非常害羞的女孩，當(dāng)回答不出老師的問題時(shí)，她就會(huì)覺得局促不安/二、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)細(xì)解

28、 1. due to 由于【教材原句】I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.我認(rèn)為我的長(zhǎng)壽和積極的生活必須歸功于我過的健康生活?！練w納拓展】due adj.欠款的；到期的；應(yīng)付(給)的；預(yù)定的；預(yù)定要到達(dá)或發(fā)生的be due to do sth.預(yù)期做某事be due to sth./doing sth./sb.歸因于某事/歸因于做某事/欠某人be due for sth. 應(yīng)有；應(yīng)得到例：The bill is due. 這張票據(jù)已到期。The meeting isn ' t du

29、e to start until four.會(huì)議預(yù)定要至U 四點(diǎn)才召開。The guests are due to arrive very soon.客人彳艮快就會(huì)至U。Due to the heavy rainfall, many roads leading to the downtown area were blocked, andmany people could not get to school or work.由于大雨的緣故， 許多通往市中心帶的道路都受阻，使得許多人都無(wú)法上課上班。即學(xué)即練The old man said that the accident careless dr

30、iving, so a lot of moneybe paid by the driver.A. was due to ; was due toB. dued to; was due toC. is due to ; was due toD. is dued to; was due to【答案】A【解析】句意：這位老人說事故是由于粗心駕喂？所以司機(jī)應(yīng)該支付大軍的錢. bed陵m如一歸因于某事,be due to do stt.預(yù)期做某事故選A"(2)The sports meet, originally be held last Friday, was finally delayed

31、because of the bad weather.A. due toB. thanks toC. owing toD. according to【答案】A【解析】句意：原定于上星期五舉行的運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)由于天氣不好而推遲了。due to可以表示“預(yù)定的；預(yù)定要到達(dá)或發(fā)生的"，故選Ao(3)The great success of this programme has been largely the support givenby the 10 local business men.A. instead ofB. thanks toC. due toD. as aconsequence【

32、答案】C【解析】instead U燈而不是"s tha&to "因?yàn)椋嗵澚?”常匿于句苜5.a Gonsequemce "結(jié)果I不用 作表語(yǔ)6 due tni歸功于句意：這個(gè)頂目的巨大成功主要?dú)w功于當(dāng)?shù)?。位商界人士所提供的支持.故 選Co2. feel like (doing)想要(彳)【教材原句】Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that youare a non-smoker.每當(dāng)你想抽煙的時(shí)候，你就提醒你自己，你是不抽煙的人了?！練w納拓展】feel like

33、(doing)sth. 作“想要(做)某事“講，其否定形式為 feel like not doing 或don' t/didn ' t/doesn ' t feel like doing 。有關(guān)feel的短語(yǔ)feel like doing 想要做feel sorry for 為感到難過，遺憾feel at home感到自在；不拘束feel oneself心情好；感覺健康feel one ' s way 摸索著前進(jìn)例：She doesn ' t feel like going to school any more.(或 She feels like not

34、 going to我不能干等著他school any more.)她不再喜歡去上學(xué)了。(2)I don ' t feel like waiting around for him to make up his mind.拿主意。即學(xué)即練(1)I don ' t( 心情好)today.(2)I(摸索著前進(jìn))in the dark.(3)I hope you( 不要拘束)here.(4)Lydia doesn ' t feel like(到國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)).Her parents are old.【答案】feel myself(2)felt my way(3)feel at home(4)studying abroad【解析】主要考察feel相關(guān)短語(yǔ)的用法3. in spite of 不顧；不管【教材原句】In spite of all his efforts he failed.盡管他努力了，但還是失敗了?！練w納拓展】(I血整港猶(不顧不管其后按名詞或名詞性