中考英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力應(yīng)試技巧①

1、（一）對(duì)話理解（一）對(duì)話理解 在對(duì)話理解中，我們通常先聽(tīng)到一組男女對(duì)話，然后聽(tīng)到一在對(duì)話理解中，我們通常先聽(tīng)到一組男女對(duì)話，然后聽(tīng)到一個(gè)與對(duì)話有關(guān)的問(wèn)題。做這類題時(shí)應(yīng)注意：個(gè)與對(duì)話有關(guān)的問(wèn)題。做這類題時(shí)應(yīng)注意： 1 1、要盡快閱讀提供選擇的答案，形成對(duì)試題的基本印象；、要盡快閱讀提供選擇的答案，形成對(duì)試題的基本印象； 2 2、在聽(tīng)的過(guò)程中，要結(jié)合卷面內(nèi)容，抓住對(duì)話關(guān)鍵，形成、在聽(tīng)的過(guò)程中，要結(jié)合卷面內(nèi)容，抓住對(duì)話關(guān)鍵，形成對(duì)對(duì)話的基本理解；對(duì)對(duì)話的基本理解； 3 3、力求聽(tīng)懂問(wèn)句，把握問(wèn)句的核心或疑問(wèn)詞。疑問(wèn)詞是問(wèn)、力求聽(tīng)懂問(wèn)句，把握問(wèn)句的核心或疑問(wèn)詞。疑問(wèn)詞是問(wèn)句的關(guān)鍵所在，它能確定問(wèn)句的思

2、路和方向。要把所聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)句的關(guān)鍵所在，它能確定問(wèn)句的思路和方向。要把所聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容與從卷中閱讀的內(nèi)容結(jié)合起來(lái)，排除干擾，尋求問(wèn)句的最佳容與從卷中閱讀的內(nèi)容結(jié)合起來(lái)，排除干擾，尋求問(wèn)句的最佳答案。答案。 4 4、要集中思想，分清人物的語(yǔ)意和語(yǔ)調(diào)。、要集中思想，分清人物的語(yǔ)意和語(yǔ)調(diào)。 此類題型主要是考查對(duì)交際內(nèi)容的聽(tīng)辨程度，此類題型主要是考查對(duì)交際內(nèi)容的聽(tīng)辨程度，其難點(diǎn)在于先聽(tīng)對(duì)話再聽(tīng)問(wèn)題，所以對(duì)測(cè)試內(nèi)容不其難點(diǎn)在于先聽(tīng)對(duì)話再聽(tīng)問(wèn)題，所以對(duì)測(cè)試內(nèi)容不能預(yù)先進(jìn)行集中注意聽(tīng)辨，但是可以先從所給材料能預(yù)先進(jìn)行集中注意聽(tīng)辨，但是可以先從所給材料（選項(xiàng)）中找出線索，作為聽(tīng)之前的準(zhǔn)備工作。（選項(xiàng)）中找出線索，作

3、為聽(tīng)之前的準(zhǔn)備工作。 在聽(tīng)錄音的過(guò)程中，結(jié)合所給材料，抓住對(duì)話在聽(tīng)錄音的過(guò)程中，結(jié)合所給材料，抓住對(duì)話的關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容，以求對(duì)對(duì)話形成基本理解。特別應(yīng)該的關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容，以求對(duì)對(duì)話形成基本理解。特別應(yīng)該引起注意的是，一定要把對(duì)話最后的問(wèn)句聽(tīng)清楚，引起注意的是，一定要把對(duì)話最后的問(wèn)句聽(tīng)清楚，把握住問(wèn)句的核心，疑問(wèn)詞及其關(guān)鍵詞，然后再把把握住問(wèn)句的核心，疑問(wèn)詞及其關(guān)鍵詞，然后再把所聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容與所閱讀到的材料結(jié)合起來(lái)，排除對(duì)所聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容與所閱讀到的材料結(jié)合起來(lái)，排除對(duì)話中出現(xiàn)的干擾項(xiàng)后進(jìn)行選擇，以尋找問(wèn)句的最佳話中出現(xiàn)的干擾項(xiàng)后進(jìn)行選擇，以尋找問(wèn)句的最佳答案。答案。1 1注意時(shí)間與數(shù)字的計(jì)算注意時(shí)間與數(shù)字的計(jì)算

4、在時(shí)間計(jì)算方面，有時(shí)要找出兩點(diǎn)時(shí)間之間的時(shí)間段，有在時(shí)間計(jì)算方面，有時(shí)要找出兩點(diǎn)時(shí)間之間的時(shí)間段，有時(shí)要對(duì)時(shí)間進(jìn)行推測(cè)，在數(shù)字計(jì)算方面，特別要注意綜合多時(shí)要對(duì)時(shí)間進(jìn)行推測(cè)，在數(shù)字計(jì)算方面，特別要注意綜合多處信息后的推理判斷。當(dāng)選擇項(xiàng)為時(shí)間、年齡、價(jià)格、數(shù)字處信息后的推理判斷。當(dāng)選擇項(xiàng)為時(shí)間、年齡、價(jià)格、數(shù)字等時(shí)，除要聽(tīng)清每個(gè)數(shù)字外，還要進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的加、減、乘、等時(shí)，除要聽(tīng)清每個(gè)數(shù)字外，還要進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的加、減、乘、除的運(yùn)算，其重點(diǎn)應(yīng)放在各數(shù)字之間的關(guān)系上。特別是在時(shí)除的運(yùn)算，其重點(diǎn)應(yīng)放在各數(shù)字之間的關(guān)系上。特別是在時(shí)間計(jì)算方面，要注意時(shí)間前后的推算與時(shí)間段的計(jì)算。間計(jì)算方面，要注意時(shí)間前后的推算與時(shí)

5、間段的計(jì)算。2 2注意地點(diǎn)及方向注意地點(diǎn)及方向地理位置是?？碱}。有時(shí)要辨別談話人所處地點(diǎn)，有時(shí)要地理位置是?？碱}。有時(shí)要辨別談話人所處地點(diǎn)，有時(shí)要辨別他們要去或曾去過(guò)的地方。在方向上，要注意起點(diǎn)位置辨別他們要去或曾去過(guò)的地方。在方向上，要注意起點(diǎn)位置及行走與轉(zhuǎn)彎的地點(diǎn)。對(duì)地點(diǎn)及方向的提問(wèn)，常碰到兩種情及行走與轉(zhuǎn)彎的地點(diǎn)。對(duì)地點(diǎn)及方向的提問(wèn)，常碰到兩種情況，一種是從聽(tīng)力材料中可直接聽(tīng)到地點(diǎn)，另一種是從聽(tīng)力況，一種是從聽(tīng)力材料中可直接聽(tīng)到地點(diǎn)，另一種是從聽(tīng)力材料中不能直接聽(tīng)到地點(diǎn)。后一種情況應(yīng)抓住對(duì)話中與地點(diǎn)材料中不能直接聽(tīng)到地點(diǎn)。后一種情況應(yīng)抓住對(duì)話中與地點(diǎn)有關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)，以此對(duì)地點(diǎn)作出正確判斷

6、。有關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)，以此對(duì)地點(diǎn)作出正確判斷。3注意人物與人物間的關(guān)系及動(dòng)作，包括人物的注意人物與人物間的關(guān)系及動(dòng)作，包括人物的轉(zhuǎn)換及動(dòng)作的發(fā)展轉(zhuǎn)換及動(dòng)作的發(fā)展常用常用WHOquestion問(wèn)對(duì)方或他人的身份；問(wèn)對(duì)問(wèn)對(duì)方或他人的身份；問(wèn)對(duì)話人之間的關(guān)系；問(wèn)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者；問(wèn)動(dòng)作的承受話人之間的關(guān)系；問(wèn)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者；問(wèn)動(dòng)作的承受者。如：者。如：Who (whom) are you going to the shop with?回答此類問(wèn)題時(shí)，應(yīng)把重點(diǎn)放在動(dòng)詞的前面或回答此類問(wèn)題時(shí)，應(yīng)把重點(diǎn)放在動(dòng)詞的前面或介詞的后面。介詞的后面。4注意肯定與否定注意肯定與否定通過(guò)對(duì)話中的否定詞（半否定詞）等，正確區(qū)別通

7、過(guò)對(duì)話中的否定詞（半否定詞）等，正確區(qū)別說(shuō)話者對(duì)某事或某人的看法或態(tài)度，同意還是拒絕，說(shuō)話者對(duì)某事或某人的看法或態(tài)度，同意還是拒絕，贊成還是反對(duì)，肯定還是否定，部分否定還是全部贊成還是反對(duì)，肯定還是否定，部分否定還是全部否定，形似肯定實(shí)質(zhì)否定，還是形似否定實(shí)質(zhì)肯定否定，形似肯定實(shí)質(zhì)否定，還是形似否定實(shí)質(zhì)肯定等。等。5注意從上下文中確定詞義和不同場(chǎng)注意從上下文中確定詞義和不同場(chǎng)合語(yǔ)言的不同功能合語(yǔ)言的不同功能一詞多義是英語(yǔ)詞匯的一大特點(diǎn)，往往一詞多義是英語(yǔ)詞匯的一大特點(diǎn)，往往需要從上下文中才能確定其含義，特別要需要從上下文中才能確定其含義，特別要注意關(guān)鍵詞的含義。注意關(guān)鍵詞的含義。6注意從整個(gè)對(duì)

8、話中了解講話人的注意從整個(gè)對(duì)話中了解講話人的“弦外之音弦外之音”特別要掌握住轉(zhuǎn)折和讓步，把握住說(shuō)話特別要掌握住轉(zhuǎn)折和讓步，把握住說(shuō)話者的真實(shí)含義。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，聽(tīng)到者的真實(shí)含義。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，聽(tīng)到but一詞一詞時(shí)，要特別注意時(shí)，要特別注意but之后的句子意思，之后的句子意思，but之前的句子往往不重要。如：之前的句子往往不重要。如：- Do you live very far from your office?- About 15 kilometers, but it doesnt seem that far. The road is good and there isnt much traffic.

9、 (說(shuō)話人對(duì)開(kāi)車上班的交通狀況感到滿意)- Would you like to go to a concert tonight?- Ive got a headache. （婉言謝絕）因此，在解這類題時(shí)，最好先掃視一下卷面上所給的選項(xiàng)，了解該對(duì)話要涉及到什么內(nèi)容，知道問(wèn)題之所在。在聽(tīng)時(shí)要集中精力聽(tīng)清有關(guān)信息，不一定逐字平均使用精力，只要聽(tīng)懂了有關(guān)信息，并懂得對(duì)話大意，即可選出正確答案。（二）情景分類（二）情景分類1數(shù)字（Numbers）常用的相關(guān)表達(dá)：How many are there . ?How much is the .?Whats the price of ?This costs m

10、e .It takes me . minutes / hours to .M: Excuse me. Could you tell me how much the tie is?W: Sure. Sixteen dollars for each. You may pay two dollars less for two.M: Well. Ill take two.( ) How much will the man pay? A. $16. B. $32. C. $30. D. $8.男子詢問(wèn)領(lǐng)帶的單價(jià)，得出單價(jià)是每條男子詢問(wèn)領(lǐng)帶的單價(jià)，得出單價(jià)是每條16美元美元（sixteen dollars

11、 for each）。但是一次性購(gòu)買兩）。但是一次性購(gòu)買兩條則有兩元的優(yōu)惠：條則有兩元的優(yōu)惠：pay two dollars less for two （162=32）, 即即322=30美元。男子同意，表美元。男子同意，表明愿意一次性購(gòu)買兩條。明愿意一次性購(gòu)買兩條。 (答案：答案：C)聽(tīng)下面聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話，回答下列小題。段對(duì)話，回答下列小題。1. How many countries has John been to? A. 2 B. 3 C. 4.2. How much is the hat? A. $14.50. B. $40.15 C. $14.15.3. How much will

12、the man pay for four shirts? A. $4. B. $7. C. $14.4. Whats the mans phone number? A. 5876618. B. 5786681. C. 8576168.5. How far is it from the womans home to school? A. 60 miles. B. 16 miles. C. 6 miles.同步練習(xí)（一）同步練習(xí)（一）天氣是西方人見(jiàn)面時(shí)最常談?wù)摰脑掝}之一。常用的相關(guān)表達(dá)：What is the weather like today?How is the weather in Nan

13、jing today?Is the weather always like this?Whats the temperature today?Lovely weather, isnt it?Fine day, isnt it?Its getting cold / warm.It looks like / as if its going to rain.Its rather cold / hot today, isnt it?2 2天氣（天氣（weatherweather）在上面這個(gè)小對(duì)話中，發(fā)問(wèn)人問(wèn)到“她們”仍滯留在這里的的原因。注意回答者的重音所強(qiáng)調(diào)的關(guān)鍵信息：The heavy rain

14、stopped them from leaving yesterday.注意stop from doing是使某事受阻的意思。答案：AW: Are Jack and Jane still here?M: Yes. The heavy rain stopped them from leaving yesterday.( ) Why are they still here? A. Because the weather has kept them here. B. Because yesterday they were too busy to leave. C. Because the rain

15、stopped yesterday.例題解析例題解析同步練習(xí)（二）同步練習(xí)（二）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話，回答下列小題。1. Whats the weather like? A. Rainy. B. Cloudy. C. Sunny.2. What are they talking about? A. The time. B. The weather. C. The date.3. What was the weather like yesterday? A. Sunny. B. Windy. C. Rainy.4. What will the weather be like on Friday? A.

16、 Itll be sunny. B. Itll be rainy. C. Itll be windy.5. Hows the weather in Zhengzhou? A. Rainy. B. Cloudy. C. Sunny.常用的相關(guān)表達(dá)：Can I have / take the table by the window?A table for two, please.This table is free / not taken.Would you like something to eat / drink?Today, weve got.Id like / love to have s

17、omeTwo hamburgers, please.Help yourself to Thank you, Ive had enough.Some more.Just a little, please.Im full, thank you. / No, thanks.3. 3. 就餐（就餐（DiningDining）在下面的對(duì)話中發(fā)話人主動(dòng)提出一種offer，聽(tīng)話人首先判斷自己是否接受此offer，然后再進(jìn)一步具體化自己的想法。注意聽(tīng)下面一則對(duì)話，熟悉有關(guān)offer的常見(jiàn)情形。例題解析例題解析W: Good morning! Can I help you, sir?M: Id like a c

18、up of milk, an egg and some cakes, please.( ) Where does the dialogue happen? A. At home. B. At a restaurant. C. In a shop.根據(jù)問(wèn)話者的根據(jù)問(wèn)話者的offer to help, 答話者答話者的回答內(nèi)容（要的回答內(nèi)容（要a cup of milk, an egg and some cakes），可判斷出男），可判斷出男士是在餐廳。士是在餐廳。 (答案：答案：B)同步練習(xí)（三）同步練習(xí)（三）聽(tīng)下面三段對(duì)話，回答聽(tīng)下面三段對(duì)話，回答1-3小題。小題。1. What would M

19、iss Liu like to eat? A. An orange. B. An apple. C. A pear.2. What would Bob like to drink? A. Tea. B. Coffee. C. Milk.3. Where are they talking? A. In a library. B. In an office. C. In a restaurant.聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答4-5小題。小題。4. How many people will have the dinner? A. 2. B. 3 C. 4.5. What will the

20、y have for the dinner? A. Eggs with tomatoes, beef, rice and soup. B. Eggs, tomatoes, beef and soup. C. Eggs, beef with tomatoes, rice and soup.聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話，回答問(wèn)題。1. W: Have you ever been to Canada, John? M: I wish to. So far I have been to Japan and India. And I plan to go to Australia next year.2. W: Ex

21、cuse me. Can you tell me how much this hat is? M: Yes, its 14.50 dollars.3. W: This shirt sells for four dollars each, but two will only cost you seven. M: Ill take four please.4. W: May I have your phone number, sir? M: Sure. Its 5876618. W: Pardon, please? M: 5876618.5. M: How many miles are there

22、 from your home to school? W: Sixty. M: Only sixteen! W: No, sixty.聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話，回答問(wèn)題。1. M: What a fine day today! W: Yes, its sunny, but not very hot.2. M: Its a fine day, isnt it? W: Yes. But the radio says it will be cloudy tomorrow.3. M: Whats the weather like today? W: Its fine. M: What about yesterday? W: It was rainy.4. W: Whats the weather like today? M: Its sunny today, but the radio says it wil