牛津譯林八下現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法及綜合練習(xí)無答案

1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法及綜合練習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：助動(dòng)詞have（has）+ 過去分詞，1表示過去發(fā)生或完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。例如：I have just cleaned my clothes. 我剛洗過衣服。（“洗衣服”是發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是“衣服干凈了”）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常用的時(shí)間狀語有： already （”已經(jīng)” 用于肯定句的中間和末尾處）never (“從不” 用于中間處)ever （”曾經(jīng)” 用于疑問句和肯定句的中間處）just(“剛剛” 用于中間處)yet(“已經(jīng)” 用于疑問句的末尾處 / “還” 用于否定句的末尾處)或不加任何的時(shí)間狀語，但不能和表示過去的時(shí)間

2、狀語連用.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的用法比較現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在甚至?xí)^續(xù)下去或表示過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響；一般過去時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過去。試比較：The plane has arrived . 飛機(jī)已經(jīng)來了。（說明現(xiàn)在的情況：飛機(jī)在這兒）The plane arrived a quarter ago. 飛機(jī)是一刻中以前來的。（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過去）I have taught here for fifteen years. 我在這兒已經(jīng)教了十五年。（表示十五年前的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還可能會(huì)繼續(xù)。）I taught here for a year. 我過去在這兒教過

3、一年。（表示“我“現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在這兒任教了）練習(xí)：I翻譯下列句子：1.       你曾經(jīng)吃過魚和薯?xiàng)l嗎？2.       我剛剛丟了我的物理書。3.       我以前從來沒去過那個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)。4.       他已經(jīng)吃過午飯了。5.       你已經(jīng)看過這部電影了嗎？6.  

4、60;    我哥哥還沒回來。7.       我上星期看過這部電影。8.       在1992年他住在這里。II 用過去時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)填空：1. “_ you _ (have) lunch ?” “Yes.” “When _ you _ (have) it?” “I _ (have) it at 12:00.”2. “_ you _ (write) a letter to your aunt yet?” “Yes, I _. I _ (wri

5、te) one last week.”3. “_ he _ (finish) his homework?” “Not yet.”4. “_ they ever _ (be) abroad?” “Yes, just once.”5. Your father _ just _ (finish) his work.6. Your father _ (finish) his work just now.7. Last term I _ (learn) many English words.8. They _ (not read) the interesting books yet.9. He _ ne

6、ver _ (go) to the science museum.10. _ you ever _ (drink) coke?11. “_ you _ (buy) a dictionary? “ “Yes, I _ .” “Where _ you _ (buy) it?” “ I _ (buy) it in a bookstore.” “When _ you _ (buy) it?” “ Yesterday.”Since 和 for 的用法表示過去已經(jīng)開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)常用的時(shí)間狀語有：for, since, how long, so far, these days等。Since+過去

7、點(diǎn)的時(shí)間，for+一段時(shí)間（數(shù)詞+量詞），此劃線部分用how long提問。一、since短語或從句表示過去的動(dòng)作延續(xù)至今，since之后的時(shí)間為一點(diǎn)。 如：Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984. 1984年以來，史密斯先生一直在這工作。Hes learned about 5,000 English words since he went to college. 他上大學(xué)以來大約學(xué)了五千個(gè)英語單詞。二、for短語表示動(dòng)作延續(xù)多長時(shí)間，for的賓語為時(shí)間段。 如：We have known each other for twenty years. 我們認(rèn)識(shí)有二

8、十年了。I havent seen her for a long time. 我好久沒有見到她了。練習(xí)：用since和for填空1) _ two years2) _ two years ago3) _ last month 4) _ 20195) _ yesterday6) _ 4 oclock7) _ 4 hours8) _ an hour ago9) _ we were children 10) _ lunch time11) _ she left here1. He has lived in Nanjing _ the year before last.2. Ive known him

9、_ we were children.3. Our teacher has studied Japanese _ three years.4. She has been away from the city _ about ten years.5. Its about ten years _ she left the city.2.短暫性轉(zhuǎn)換延續(xù)性arrive at/in sw. get to/reach sw. come/go/move to sw. be in sw./at school/at home/on the farm/be here/be there1)  &

10、#160;   He got to Beijing five minutes ago.He _ _ _ Beijing for _ _.2)      I moved to the USA last year.I _ _ _ the USA since _ _.3)      I went home yesterday.I _ _ _ home for _ _.4)      They came here last week.

11、They _ _ here since _ _.come/go back, return be backcome/go out be out1)      He came out two years ago.He _ _ _ for _ _.2)      We return to Fuzhou yesterday.We _ _ _ to Fuzhou since _.become be1)      I became a teacher in

12、2019.I _ _ a teacher for _ _.2)      The river became dirty last year.The river _ _ dirty for _ _.close be closed open be open1)      The shop closed two hours ago.The shop _ _ _ for _ _.2)      The door opened at six in the

13、morning.The door _ _ _ for six hours.get up be up die be deadleave sw. be away from sw.fall asleep/get tot sleep be asleepfinish/end be over marry be married1)      I got up two hours ago.I _ _ _ since _ _.2)      He left Fuzhou just now.He _ _ _ _ F

14、uzhou for five minutes.3)      My grandpa died in 2019.My grandpa _ _ _for _ _.4)      The meeting finished at six.The meeting _ _ _ for six hours.5)      I got to sleep two hours ago.I _ _ _ since _ _.6)   

15、60;  They married in 1990.They _ _ _since _.start/begin to do sth. do sth.begin be on1)      I began to teach at this school in 2019.I _ _ at this school since _.2)      The film began two minutes ago.The film _ _ _ for _ _.borrow keep lose not

16、havebuy have put on wearcatch/get a cold have a coldget to know know1)      They borrowed it last week.They _ _ it since _ _.2)      I bought a pen two hours ago.I _ _ a pen for _ _.3)      I got to know him last year.I _ _ h

17、im since _ _.4)      I put on my glasses three years ago.I _ _ my glasses for _ _.have/has gone to have been in1)      He has gone to Beijing. He _ _ _ Beijing for two days.join the league/the Party/the army be a league/a Party member/a soldier be a

18、member of the league/the Party be in the league/the Party/the army1)      He joined the league in 2019.He _ _ a _ _ for two years.He _ _ a _ _ the _ for two years.He _ _ _ the league for two years.2)      My brother joined the army two years ago.My b

19、rother _ _ a _ for _ _.My brother _ _ in _ _ for two years.3.漢譯英1）這本字典我已買了三年了。2）他離開中國三年了。3）我認(rèn)識(shí)他們五年了。4）他們已去了美國五年了。5）自從他搬到福州，他就住這兒了。6）他們已經(jīng)結(jié)婚10年。7）我妹妹成為一個(gè)大學(xué)生已經(jīng)三年。8）這會(huì)已開了多長時(shí)間了？9）這門已經(jīng)關(guān)了兩天了。10）我入團(tuán)2年了。 I _ _ _ two years ago.I _ _ a _ _ for two years.I _ _ a _ of _ _ for two years.I _ _ _ the _ for two year

20、s.11）自從2019年以來他們就認(rèn)識(shí)。12）我來到農(nóng)場(chǎng)已5年了。4.劃線提問1) I have been there for two days. _ _ _ you _ _ ?2)      My father has lived here since 2019._ _ _ your father _ _?3)      He left here yesterday._ _ he _ _?4)      They bought a book t

21、wo hours ago._ _ they _ a book?have been in, have been to 與have gone to 的用法一、have(has) been in 表示“在某地呆多長時(shí)間”，常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用，如：since, for, how long 等。例如：Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗先生來上海已經(jīng)有三天了。此外還有這些搭配： have been here (there) /at home (school) /on the farm have been here (there) /

22、abroad 二、have(has)been to表示“曾經(jīng)去過某地”，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里了?？膳cjust, ever, never等連用，例如：I have just been to the post office. 我剛才去郵局了。Mary has never been to the Great Wall. 瑪麗從未去過長城。Have you ever been to Hangzhou? 你曾經(jīng)去過杭州嗎？have(has) been to 后面可接次數(shù)，表示去過某地幾次。例如：I have been to Beijing three times. 我去過北京三次。They hav

23、e been to that village several times. 他們?nèi)ミ^那個(gè)村莊好幾次了。 三、have(has) gone to 意為“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中?？傊f話時(shí)該人不在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，一般不用第一、第二人稱代詞作句子的主語。例如：-Where is Tom? -He has gone to the bookshop. 湯姆在哪里？他到書店去了。Jack Johnson has gone to London. 杰克.約翰遜到倫敦去了。練習(xí)：I. 用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。A: Where _ Li Fei

24、 _?B: He _ to Hainan Island.A: How long _ he _ there?B: He _ there for three days.A: When will he come back , do you know?B: Im afraid he wont come back recently.A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?B: Sorry, I _ never _ there.A: How many times _ Li Fei _ to that place?B: He _ there only on

25、ce.  II. 用have/has been to/in, have gone to及go的各種形式填空。1)      Where is Jack? He _ his country.2)      David _ the park just now.3)      John _ England since he came back.4)      How long _ have _

26、 this village?5)      The Smiths _ Beijing for years.6)      _ you ever _ America? - Yes, I _ there many times.7)      I _ this school since three years ago.8)      Where is Jim? He _ the farm.9) 

27、;     When_ he _? He _ an hour ago.10)   Would you like to _ the zoo with me? -Yes, but I _ there before.11)   Where _ you _ now? - I _ the zoo.12)   He often _ swimming.13)   _ you _ there last year?14)   _ they often _ skating i

28、n winter?Unit1背誦中文 P7 B: Millie: 爸爸，當(dāng)你做學(xué)生的時(shí)候你怎么上學(xué)的？Dad： 我過去常常騎自行車上學(xué)。Millie：為什么你不乘公共汽車？Dad：嗯，公共汽車上這是有太多的人，并且等候下一班要花費(fèi)很長的時(shí)間。Millie：真的嗎？我乘公共汽車上學(xué)，現(xiàn)在有簡單又快捷。P8-9 ReadingMillie：陳先生，您對(duì)陽光真非常了解嗎？Mr. Cheng：當(dāng)然。自從我出生以來我就生活在這。Millie：您曾經(jīng)搬過家嗎？Mr. Cheng：是的。我先和父母親住在城鎮(zhèn)的北面。在1965年我結(jié)婚的時(shí)候，我和妻子搬到兩個(gè)街區(qū)以外，此后一直住在這里。Millie：

29、這些年這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)變化很大嗎？Mr. Cheng：是的。許多年前我們僅僅有一些小飯館和商店。在鎮(zhèn)中心還有一個(gè)小郵局和一家電影院。現(xiàn)在政府已經(jīng)把鎮(zhèn)中心的部分地方變成一個(gè)新的花園。Millie：那是污染是個(gè)問題嗎？Mr. Cheng：是的。曾經(jīng)這兒在陽光河的附近有一家鋼廠。他們常常把廢棄物排到河里。后來，政府意識(shí)到這個(gè)問題，并且采取措施來改善這種狀況?，F(xiàn)在這條河干凈多了。Millie：你局的現(xiàn)在生活跟沒好嗎？Mr. Cheng：嗯，從某種程度上來說是的。有一個(gè)漂亮的現(xiàn)代化城鎮(zhèn)真的是不錯(cuò)。然而，我的大多數(shù)老朋友都已經(jīng)搬走。對(duì)我們來說像以前一樣經(jīng)常的互相見面已經(jīng)變得不可能。我們過去常常一起打牌下棋?，F(xiàn)在我有

30、時(shí)會(huì)感到孤單。不管怎樣，能看到小鎮(zhèn)這些令人驚嘆的變化還是不錯(cuò)的。P16 Speak upMillie：上周我見到老朋友Becky了。她剛剛從美國回來。Sandy：真的嗎？上次你們什么時(shí)候互相見面的？Millie：大約五年前。她和父母親去國外了，從那以后，我們沒有再見面。Sandy ：哦，那時(shí)你們還在上小學(xué)。所以你們彼此如何保持聯(lián)系的？Millie：我們主要通過電子郵件聯(lián)系。網(wǎng)絡(luò)使得交流簡單多了。Sandy：確實(shí)。P19 Task這些年月光鎮(zhèn)發(fā)生了許多變化。在過去小鎮(zhèn)上僅僅只有又窄又臟的路。到處都是垃圾。但是現(xiàn)在街道又寬又干凈，路的兩邊有著許多的綠樹。政府在一些空曠的地方也已經(jīng)建了商店和高樓。許

31、多年前，人們生活在又小又舊的房子里。現(xiàn)在他們大多數(shù)已經(jīng)搬進(jìn)新的公寓。他們過去在空余時(shí)間經(jīng)常聽收音機(jī)或看電視，但是現(xiàn)在大部分家庭都有電腦和網(wǎng)絡(luò)。此外，現(xiàn)在手機(jī)也使得交流更簡單了。在過去人們通過步行或騎自行車在鎮(zhèn)上旅游，但是現(xiàn)在他們能夠乘公共汽車或出租車四處轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)。許多家庭甚至有自己的汽車?，F(xiàn)在人們過著舒適的生活。Unit1 Past and present背誦講義1.used to do sth.-didnt use to do sth./ usednt to do sth. 過去常常/曾經(jīng)做-（否定） You used to share food with me! 你過去常常和我共同分享食物。

32、You used to be so kind to me. 你過去對(duì)我是如此的好。2.transport at different times 不同時(shí)期的交通工具3.take the bus/coach/plane/train/underground/taxi 乘公車/長途車/飛機(jī)/火車-(動(dòng)詞詞組) on the bus/ coach/ plane/ train/underground (介詞詞組) in the car/ taxi by bus/ coach/ plane/train/underground/taxi on foot/ by air/ by sea4. go/ travel

33、 around the city/ the town 在城里/鎮(zhèn)上四處走走5. go to other cities 去別的/其他城市6. How did you go to school when you were a student? 當(dāng)你是學(xué)士時(shí)你是怎么上學(xué)的？ I used to go to school by bike. 我過去常常騎自行車上學(xué)。7. Why didnt you take a bus? 你為什么不乘公車？8. There were always too many people on the bus. 公共汽車上總是有太多的人。9. It took a long tim

34、e to wait for the next one. 等候下一班車要花很長的時(shí)間。10.know a lot about -=know-very well 對(duì)-很了解 How well do you know-? 你對(duì)-有多么了解？11. interview sb.= have an interview with sb.采訪某人12. Ive lived here since I was born. 自從我出生以來我就生活在這兒。13. Have you ever moved house?你曾經(jīng)搬過家嗎？14. live in the northern part of town=live i

35、n the north of town 住在鎮(zhèn)的北面15. get/ be married to sb.=marry sb. 和-結(jié)婚16. move two blocks away 搬到兩個(gè)街區(qū)以外 move away (from sp.) 搬離-地方17. since then(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)) 從那以后18. over the years (現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)) 這些年中/間 over/ in / during the past ten years (現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)) 在過去的十年中 in 10 years (將來時(shí)態(tài)) 在十年后 in the past (過去時(shí)態(tài)) 在過去 in the pas

36、t 10 years (現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)) 在過去的十年中19.Now the government has turned part of the town center into a new park. 現(xiàn)在政府已經(jīng)把鎮(zhèn)中心的部分地區(qū)變成了一個(gè)新的公園。20. the air/ noise/ water pollution (n.)空氣（噪音/ 水）污染 （名詞詞組） pollute the air/ water (v.)污染空氣/水 （動(dòng)詞詞組） the polluted air/ water (adj.)污染的空氣/ 水21.put the waste into the river 把廢棄物

37、排到水里22.Later, the government realized the problem and took action to improve the situation. 后來，政府意識(shí)到這個(gè)問題并且采取措施來改善這種狀況。23.in some ways 在某種程度上24.However, most of my old friends have moved away. 然而，大多數(shù)我的老朋友已經(jīng)搬走了。25. It has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before. 對(duì)我們來說像以前一樣經(jīng)常的互相見面

38、已變得不可能。26. We used to play cards and Chinese chess together. 我們過去常常一起打牌、下棋。27. Now I feel a bit lonely from time to time. 現(xiàn)在我有時(shí)感到有點(diǎn)孤單。 A bit= a little + adj.的原級(jí)或比較級(jí) a bit of= a little + 不可數(shù)名詞28. Anyway，its good to see the amazing changes in the town. 不管怎樣，能看到小鎮(zhèn)這些令人驚嘆的變化還是不錯(cuò)的。29. I have already read

39、this book many times.這本書我已經(jīng)看了許多次了。30. Mr. Li has repaired over ten bicycle since Monday.自周一以來李師傅已經(jīng)修了十多輛自行車了。Mr. Li repaired over ten bicycle on Monday. 星期一李師傅修了十多輛車。He has been ill since last week. 自從上周以來他就病了。He was ill last week. 上周他病了。31. My parents have come back already. 我的父母親已經(jīng)回來了。 My parents h

40、as not come back yet. 我的父母親還沒有回來。32. We havent seen each other for years/ since years ago. 我們好多年沒有互相見面了。33. The town has changed a lot in( over/ during) the past few years. =Many changes have taken place in the town-. =There have been great changes in the town-. 在過去的一些年中這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)發(fā)生了很大的變化。34. over/ in/ dur

41、ing the past century= over the past 100 years 在過去的一個(gè)世紀(jì)里/中35. I think I have heard about the film. 我想我已經(jīng)聽說過這部電影。 Hear about/ of- 聽說過-36. In the past, people could only travel by bus or bicycle. 在過去人們只能乘公交車或騎自行車旅行。37. Shes just return from the USA. 她剛剛從美國回來。 -s 可以是is，也可以是has。Is+n./ adj.; has+ p.pHes already back from the USA, isnt he? 他已經(jīng)從美國回來了，是嗎？Hes already come back from the USA, hasnt he?38. When did you last see each other？你們上次見面時(shí)什么時(shí)候？39. She went abroad with her parents. 她和父母親去國外了。40. So how do you keep in touch with each other? 所以你如何互相保持聯(lián)系？41. We mainly communicat