外研版高中英語必修三Module4知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解與同步練習(xí)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上 單詞和短語必修三M4專題解讀考點(diǎn)分布備考指南1.重點(diǎn)單詞如strength, concerned, urgent, complain等的識(shí)記、理解、固定搭配。詞匯和短語的理解和記憶不是孤立的，需要結(jié)合具體的句子和語境進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確理解，掌握其基本用法和固定搭配。同時(shí)要對(duì)所學(xué)單詞和短語進(jìn)行多方面的應(yīng)用，及時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)鞏固。2.詞性轉(zhuǎn)化、固定搭配在語法填空、短文改錯(cuò)中的考查。3.重點(diǎn)短語如cut down, take in, look though等的理解及應(yīng)用。知識(shí)清單M4單詞表專心-專注-專業(yè)sandstorm n 'sændst:m 沙塵暴 frighten

2、ing adj 'fraitni 嚇人的；可怕的 inland adj 'inlnd 內(nèi)地的；內(nèi)陸的 mass adj mæs 大量的；大規(guī)模的 campaign n kæm'pein 戰(zhàn)役；活動(dòng) dune n dju:n 沙丘 desertification n ,deztifi'kein （土地的）沙漠化 process n 'pruses 進(jìn)程；過程 citizen n 'sitizn 公民；市民 dust n dst 沙塵；灰塵 forecast vt 'f:k:st預(yù)報(bào)；預(yù)告 strength n stre

3、力量；力氣 cycle vi 'saikl 騎自行車 mask n m:sk 面罩 atmosphere n 'ætm,sfi 大氣；大氣層 carbon n 'k:bn 碳 dioxide n dai'ksaid 二氧化物 chemical n 'kemikl 化學(xué)藥品 environment n in'vairnmnt 環(huán)境 garbage n ':bid 廢料；垃圾 melt vi melt 融化 pollution n p:'lju:n 污染 recycle v ,ri:'saikl 重新利用；再循環(huán) c

4、oastal adj 'kustl 沿海的 concerned adj kn's:nd 關(guān)心的；擔(dān)心的 evidence n 'evidns 根據(jù)；證明 major adj 'meid 主要的；多數(shù)的 urgent adj ':dnt 緊急的 pollute vt p'lut 污染 complain vi km'plein抱怨；發(fā)牢騷 nutshell n 'nt-el 堅(jiān)果殼 scary adj 'skri 恐怖的；嚇人的 absolutely adv 'æbslju:tli 絕對(duì)地；完全地 prote

5、ction n pru'tekn 保護(hù) M4短語 cut down 砍倒 be caught in 突然遭遇（風(fēng)暴等） one after another 一個(gè)接一個(gè)地 have a bad effect on 對(duì)有壞影響 take in 吸收 give out 放出；發(fā)出 in a nutshell 概括地講 look through 瀏覽 單元知識(shí)預(yù)覽 項(xiàng)目單詞及其詞性變化（語法填空必備）重點(diǎn)單詞1.mass adj.大量的；大規(guī)模的2.process n. 進(jìn)程；過程3.forecast vt. 預(yù)報(bào)；預(yù)告4.atmosphere n. 大氣；大氣層；氣氛5.environmen

6、t n. 環(huán)境6.recycle v. 重新利用；再循環(huán)7.evidence n. 根據(jù)；證明8.absolutely adv. 絕對(duì)地；完全地9.frightening adj.嚇人的；可怕的frightened adj.害怕的frighten vt.使害怕fright n.害怕；恐懼10.strength n.力量；力氣strengthen vt.加強(qiáng)11.concerned adj.關(guān)心的；擔(dān)心的；有關(guān)的concern n.& vt.關(guān)心；擔(dān)心concerning prep.關(guān)于；就而言12.major adj.主要的；多數(shù)的majority n.大多數(shù)13.urgent adj

7、.緊急的urge vt.催促；極力主張urgency n.緊急情況14.pollute vt.污染pollution n.污染plain vi.抱怨；發(fā)牢騷complaint n.抱怨16.protection n.保護(hù)protect vt.保護(hù)重點(diǎn)短語1.cut_down砍倒；減少，縮減2.be_caught_in 突然遭遇(風(fēng)暴等)3.one_after_another 一個(gè)接一個(gè)地4.have_a_bad_effect_on 對(duì)有壞影響5.take_in 吸收；欺騙；理解6.give_out 放出；發(fā)出；停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)7.in_a_nutshell 簡(jiǎn)言之；概括地講8.put_._into_.

8、 把放進(jìn)9.take_away 取走；拿走10.look_through 瀏覽；翻閱；翻找重點(diǎn)單詞短語精講 1.strength n.力量；力氣；長(zhǎng)處；優(yōu)勢(shì)；強(qiáng)度教材原句 The Chinese Central Weather Station can forecast a sandstorm some weeks before it arrives in Beijing, but the strength of the storm sometimes surprises people.中國(guó)中央氣象臺(tái)能夠在沙塵暴到達(dá)北京前幾周預(yù)測(cè)到，但是有時(shí)沙塵暴的強(qiáng)度還是令人吃驚。build up one&#

9、39;s strength強(qiáng)身健體with all one's strength 用盡全身的力氣strengths and weaknesses 優(yōu)勢(shì)和劣勢(shì)have the strength to do sth. 有力氣/意志做某事strengthen vt. 加強(qiáng)；增強(qiáng)；改善例句研讀 While DNA test will help strengthen people's health consciousness, it is more probable that it will lead to over­anxiety.盡管DNA測(cè)試能幫助增強(qiáng)健康意識(shí)，但更有可能

10、造成過度焦慮。Having failed once again, he didn't have the strength to have another try.經(jīng)歷了再一次的失敗后，他沒有力氣再試一次了。舉一反三(1)單句語法填空I don't have the strength _ (climb) any further.He pushed against the rock _ all his strength.Not only can students improve their writing ability in this way but also they can

11、_ (strength) their self­confidence.(2)完成句子參加體育鍛煉來增強(qiáng)你的體力。Take part in the physical exercise and _.作為教練，他知道自己的隊(duì)員與對(duì)手相比有什么優(yōu)勢(shì)和劣勢(shì)。As a coach, he knows what _ his athletes have against their rivals.2.concerned adj.關(guān)心的；擔(dān)心的；有關(guān)的教材原句I can't help but feel very concerned.我禁不住感到很擔(dān)心。be concerned with .與有關(guān)

12、，涉及be concerned about/for . 關(guān)心/擔(dān)心be concerned in . 被牽扯進(jìn)as far as . be concerned 就而言/來說concern n.& v. 關(guān)心；擔(dān)心show/express one's concern about/for對(duì)表示關(guān)心/擔(dān)心concerning prep. 關(guān)于 例句研讀 However, I think we should show more concern for/about our friends.可是，我認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該對(duì)朋友表示更多的關(guān)心。As far as I am concerned, I t

13、hink that the column concerning entertainment should be removed. 就我而言，我認(rèn)為關(guān)于娛樂的專欄應(yīng)該去掉。舉一反三(1)單句語法填空We could not prove he was concerned _the crime, so we had to release him.If we could show concern _ the people in need, the world would be a better place to live in.He asked several questions _ (concern

14、) the future of the company.(2)完成句子首先，就我而言，我已經(jīng)為考試做好了準(zhǔn)備。To begin with, _ , I have made good preparations for the examination.我們政府決心解決農(nóng)民們最關(guān)心的那些問題。Our government is determined to solve those problems that farmers _.3.urgent adj.緊急的；迫切的教材原句What is the most urgent problem of all?最要緊的事是什么？in urgent need o

15、f 急需urge vt. 催促；極力主張 n.沖動(dòng)；強(qiáng)烈的愿望；迫切的要求urge sb. to do sth./into doing sth. 力勸/敦促某人做某事urgency n. 緊急；緊急情況舉一反三完成句子The people in the earthquake­stricken area are _ food, medicine and shelters.地震災(zāi)區(qū)的人們急需食品、藥品和住的地方。The public urged that the government _(take) measures to prevent such cases from happenin

16、g again.公眾強(qiáng)烈要求政府采取措施來防止此類案件的再次發(fā)生。plain v.抱怨；發(fā)牢騷；投訴教材原句He does nothing but complain.他只會(huì)抱怨。complain (to sb.) of/about (doing) sth. (向某人)投訴/抱怨(做)某事；(向某人)發(fā)牢騷complain (to sb.) that .(向某人)抱怨complaint n. 抱怨；投訴；控告make a complaint about/of sth. 抱怨/投訴某事make a complaint to sb. 向某人抱怨/投訴例句研讀Several passengers co

17、mplained to the air company about/of the bad service on the flight.幾名旅客向航空公司抱怨班機(jī)上服務(wù)差。If you want to make a complaint about that, you should see the manager.如果你要對(duì)此投訴，你應(yīng)該去見經(jīng)理。舉一反三單句語法填空Neighbors complained _the police about the dogs barking.It's no use _ (complain) without taking any action.5.cut

18、down砍倒；消減；縮小(尺寸、數(shù)量)；駁倒教材原句Deserts are also created because people cut down trees and dig up grass.人們砍伐樹木和鏟除草地也會(huì)導(dǎo)致沙漠的形成。cut down on削減的數(shù)量cut in 插話；插進(jìn)；讓某人分享利潤(rùn)cut off 切斷，中止cut out 刪除cut up 切碎；齊根切掉例句研讀Many big trees along the road have been cut down for building houses, many of the branches of which have

19、 been cut up for firewood.路邊的許多大樹都被砍掉用來建房了，樹上的很多樹枝被劈作木柴了。It is impolite for children to cut in when their seniors are talking.孩子們?cè)谒麄兊拈L(zhǎng)輩談話時(shí)插嘴講話是不禮貌的。舉一反三單句填空Let's cut _the chicken and make some soup. Drivers who habitually cut _ are bound to cause accidents sooner or later.They were almost comple

20、tely cut _ from the outside world. By adopting the new method, they have cut _ the noise made by the machines.2.take in吸收，吸入；收留；留宿；包括；包含；理解；領(lǐng)會(huì)；欺騙；上當(dāng)教材原句Trees take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen.樹木吸收二氧化碳并釋放氧氣。舉一反三寫出下列句中take in的含義This is the total cost of the holiday, taking everything in._Don&

21、#39;t be taken in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly._I found it easy to take in what the professor had said._I managed to rent a big enough house to take in homeless people._3.look through瀏覽；翻閱；翻找；審核教材原句Look through the reading passages and activities in this module.look around環(huán)視

22、，四下張望look back (on) 回顧look down on/upon 看不起，輕視look into 朝里看；調(diào)查；深入了解look out 當(dāng)心，注意look up 抬頭看；查找；查出；查閱look up to 尊敬，敬仰瀏覽本模塊中的閱讀短文和活動(dòng)內(nèi)容。例句研讀Looking back, I feel I wouldn't be able to ride a bike had I lost heart. 回顧以往，我感覺如果我失去了信心就學(xué)不會(huì)騎自行車。Nobody will look up to you if you look down upon/on yourself

23、.如果你自己都瞧不起自己，沒人會(huì)尊敬你。The police are looking into the disappearance of two children.警察正在調(diào)查兩個(gè)孩子失蹤的事。舉一反三用look相關(guān)短語填空Please _ your paper before you hand it in to avoid possible mistakes.I often _ the words I don't know in the dictionary or on the Internet.The government will _ how to reduce unemploym

24、ent.Mr. Smith has taught for many years, and all the students _ him.She _ people who haven't been to college.今年清明節(jié)，為了緬懷先烈，激發(fā)學(xué)生們的愛國(guó)和學(xué)習(xí)熱情，學(xué)校組織了學(xué)生去烈士陵園掃墓。掃墓活動(dòng)包括：1.7：30在學(xué)校大門口集合；2.每人準(zhǔn)備一束小白花；3.清掃烈士墓；4.向烈士默哀；5.緬懷先烈，并在烈士墓前宣誓：努力學(xué)習(xí)，振興中華。請(qǐng)根據(jù)漢語提示寫一篇英語日記。注意：1.請(qǐng)使用規(guī)范英語，詞數(shù)100左右；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使內(nèi)容充實(shí)、行文連貫。參考詞匯：烈士mart

25、yr；墓地cemeterySunday SunnyOn the Tomb­Sweeping Day, our school organized an activity where the students went to clean the martyr cemetery in memory of the revolutionary martyrs and it could inspire us to love our motherland and our passion of learning. At 7：30 am, we got together at the school g

26、ate and we went there by bus. On arrival at the cemetery, we cleaned the graves and presented the little white flowers to the martyrs. After cleaning we stood silently to remember them and swore that we would never forget our heroes and work hard to make our nation stronger. At last，we took photos t

27、ogether. What a meaningful day we spent! 句子和語法必修三M4專題解讀考點(diǎn)分布備考指南1.重點(diǎn)句式如結(jié)果狀語從句，狀語從句的省略等的理解、分析和應(yīng)用。在理解的基礎(chǔ)上掌握不定式的基本用法和特殊用法。注意與非謂語動(dòng)詞其他形式的區(qū)分。并能夠在遇到一個(gè)句子的時(shí)候準(zhǔn)確分析和判定，形成正確的做題思路。提高語法填空、短文改錯(cuò)做題準(zhǔn)確率。2.非謂語動(dòng)詞中不定式的理解及應(yīng)用，特別是不定式的特殊用法。3.M4重點(diǎn)單詞、短語的復(fù)習(xí)和鞏固。知識(shí)清單M4單詞短語回顧一、重點(diǎn)單詞回顧1._ adj.大量的；大規(guī)模的 2._ n. 進(jìn)程；過程3._ vt. 預(yù)報(bào)；預(yù)告4._n. 大氣

28、；大氣層；氣氛5._n. 環(huán)境6._ v. 重新利用；再循環(huán)7._ n. 根據(jù)；證明8.absolutely adv. _9.frightening adj._frightened adj.害怕的frighten vt._fright n._10._n.力量；力氣_vt.加強(qiáng)11.concerned adj._concern n.& vt.關(guān)心；擔(dān)心_ prep.關(guān)于；就而言12._adj.主要的；多數(shù)的_ n.大多數(shù)13._ adj.緊急的_ vt.催促；極力主張urgency n._14._ vt.污染_ n.污染15._ vi.抱怨；發(fā)牢騷_n.抱怨16._ n.保護(hù)_ vt.保

29、護(hù)二、重點(diǎn)短語回顧1._砍倒；減少，縮減2._ 突然遭遇(風(fēng)暴等)3._ 一個(gè)接一個(gè)地4._ 對(duì)有壞影響5._ 吸收；欺騙；理解6._ 放出；發(fā)出；停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)7. _簡(jiǎn)言之；概括地講8._ 把放進(jìn)9._ 取走；拿走10._ 瀏覽；翻閱；翻找舉一反三用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Knowing our _ is very important. But the most important is to _ the ties with the people around us.(strength)2.Lacking proper _ against cold, we try to make a fire

30、_ us from the cold night.(protect)3.The _scene _ the boy. He felt _ but he tried to hide his _.(fright)4.The _of us agreed to take the _ road to go to Beijing.(major)用本單元所學(xué)短語完成下列句子1.My uncle hasn't been able to quit smoking, but at least he has _.2.On my way home yesterday, I _ the heavy rain.3.

31、It was several minutes before I could_ what he was saying.4.He has formed the habit of _ evening papers in his spare time.M4句式講解1.They are often so thick that you can not see the sun, and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes. 沙塵常常彌漫以至于你連太陽都看不見，風(fēng)力有時(shí)強(qiáng)到可以移動(dòng)沙丘。句式分析(1)so . that .引導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀

32、語從句，so為副詞，具體用法如下：sothat .Kathy is so lovely that we all like to play with her.凱茜很可愛，我們都愿和她玩。(2)such . that .也可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，such為形容詞，具體用法如下：suchthat .The villagers were such kind people that they all came to help us.村民們都是好心人，都前來給我們幫忙。It was so difficult a question/such a difficult question that none of u

33、s worked it out.這個(gè)問題很難，我們都沒解答出來。舉一反三選詞填空：so, suchIt is _heavy a box that I can't lift it.They are _ lovely children that we all like them.There are _many people that I felt uncomfortable.This is _a high mountain that few of us can reach the top of it.The weather was _cold that I didn't like

34、to leave my room.2.The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see. 沙塵暴有時(shí)候持續(xù)一整天，濃密的沙塵使得能見度很低，因此來往車輛行駛得很慢。句式分析it作形式賓語，不定式是真正的賓語。例句研讀The Internet makes it easier for people to get the information they need.互聯(lián)網(wǎng)使得人們可以更容易地獲取他們所需要的信息。在一個(gè)

35、句子中，it除了可以充當(dāng)形式賓語之外，還可以充當(dāng)形式主語，同學(xué)們根據(jù)對(duì)形式賓語的理解和小伙伴們討論總結(jié)一下形式主語的用法吧。3.The garbage is then taken away and, if possible, recycled. 然后垃圾將被運(yùn)走，如果可能的話，予以回收利用。句式分析if possible“如果可能的話”。實(shí)際上是狀語從句的省略形式，原句應(yīng)該是“if (it is )possible”例句研讀I want to avoid the rush hour if possible.如果可能的話，我想避開交通高峰期。除了上述狀語從句的省略情況之外，狀語從句的省略還包含哪

36、些情況？和小伙伴們討論并總結(jié)一下吧。舉一反三I dont think _ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.People in the west makes _ a rule to buy Christmas presents for their relatives and friends.When _(ask) what they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved. The building was s

37、till shaking while I_(walk) along the road.語法精講之不定式 非謂語動(dòng)詞中的to do 基本形式表示目的，將來和主動(dòng)，在一個(gè)句子中可以充當(dāng)除了謂語動(dòng)詞之外的其他成分。具體用法如下：1.可作主語To lose your heart means failure.2.可作賓語She refused to come here.后面用不定式作賓語即用v+ to do結(jié)構(gòu)的常用動(dòng)詞有:afford , aim, agree, appear , arrange, ask, decide, bother, care, choose, demand, desire, d

38、etermine, elect, expect, happen, hope, fail, hate, help, intend , learn, long , manage, mean, offer, plan, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish 3.可作賓語補(bǔ)足語My teacher asked me to go there on time.We often hear her sing the song at home.下列動(dòng)詞在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中要用不帶to的不定式(即動(dòng)詞原形)作賓語補(bǔ)足語，但在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中要加上to.1) 感官動(dòng)詞 see, hear, n

39、otice, watch, observe, feel, listen to等;2) 使役動(dòng)詞 have , make , let 例：I hate to see you leave so soon. 我不愿意看到你這么早就離開。Someone was heard to come up the stairs. 聽見有人上樓了。4.可作定語a.不定式修飾的名詞前有only，last，next，not a，序數(shù)詞(first, second,.)或形容詞最高級(jí)形容時(shí)，不定式作后置定語,與其所修飾的名詞通常邏輯上是主謂關(guān)系。He was the last one to leave school ye

40、sterday. Charles Lindbergh is the first man to fly the Atlantic alone. b.用來修飾的詞是抽象名詞時(shí)用不定式，常用的有：ability ,chance, idea, fact ,excuse ,promise, answer, reply, attempt, belief, way, reason, moment ,time等。如：Do you have the ability to read and write in English. 你具備讀寫英語的能力嗎？I have no chance to go sightseei

41、ng. 我沒有機(jī)會(huì)外出觀光。c.不定式表示將來The car to be bought is for his sister.要買的這輛車是給他的姐姐的。5.可作表語a. 如果主語是不定式（表示條件），表語也是不定式（表示結(jié)果）。(一致性)To do two things at a time is to do neither To see is to believe. b. be to do 結(jié)構(gòu)表將來時(shí):He is to marry Rose.c. 如果主語是以aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，purpose，thing，wish等為中

42、心的名詞，或以what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，不定式作表語對(duì)主語起補(bǔ)充說明作用。His wish is to buy a car in the near future. The most important thing is to take measures to prevent the pollution.What she wants to do most now is to travel abroad.6.可作狀語a. 不定式可以用來做目的狀語，相當(dāng)于用in order to，so as to引導(dǎo)的目的狀語。Tim sat near the fire to get warm. b. 不定式可以用

43、來做結(jié)果狀語，常用enough to，sufficient to，only to，never to，so + 形容詞/副詞 + as to引導(dǎo)。I tried the door, only to find it locked inside.7.動(dòng)詞不定式用法要點(diǎn):a.動(dòng)詞不定式在介詞but, other than, except 后面時(shí)，如果介詞之前有行為動(dòng)詞do的某種形式（do, does, did, done）, 那么介詞后面的不定式不帶to， 否則就要帶to。We could do anything but wait. 我們沒有辦法，只得等待。He had no choice but t

44、o wait. 他別無選擇，只能等待。b.不定式做表語形容詞的狀語，和句中主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，不定式多用主動(dòng)形式，這是因?yàn)槿藗兺J(rèn)為形容詞后省去了for sb。 如：This book is difficult to understand. 這本書很難讀懂This kind of fish is nice to eat.這種魚很好吃。English is easy to learn. 英語很容易學(xué)。非謂語動(dòng)詞的形式除了to do之外，還有doing 和done兩種形式，這節(jié)課咱們主要學(xué)習(xí)了to do 的用法。和同學(xué)們討論一下其他兩種形式及其基本用法吧！舉一反三1. It's o

45、ur duty _ the room every day.2.I found it necessary _(talk) to him again. 3. He wants _(buy) some vegetables.3.Don't forget _ (bring) your homework with you when you come to school.4.Robert often asks us _(help ) him with his Chinese, so his Chinese is much better than before.必修三M4 單詞和短語 分層作業(yè)時(shí)間:

46、 30分鐘 分值: 45分 一、基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)：?jiǎn)卧~拼寫（共10小題，每小題1.5分, 滿分15分）1.P_ is more important than result.2.The government's m_ concern is to prevent accidents on the roads.3.She is German by birth but is now a French c_.4.The company launched a huge advertising c_.5.Young as he is, his _ (力量,力氣) is great.6.The earthqu

47、ake that occurred in Japan in 2011 was very _ (可怕的).7.He _ (抱怨) to the waiter that his meat was cold.8.The _ (污染的) water is not fit to drink.9.A scientist must produce some _ (證據(jù)) in support of a theory.10.Her parents are very _ (擔(dān)憂) about her behavior.二、能力提升：完形填空（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分） 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所

48、給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。For years scientists have been worried about the effects of air pollution on the earth's natural conditions. Some believe the _1_inside many houses may be more dangerous than the air outside. It may be one hundred times _2_.Indoor air pollution can _3_ a person to feel tired, to suffer eye­pain, headache and other_4_. Some pollutants can cause breathing disorders, diseases of blood and _5_ cancer. Most scientists agree that every m