英語數(shù)詞用法知識(shí)分享

1、英語數(shù)詞用法C從 2199特殊:twenty，thirty, forty，fifty，eighty 21 twenty-oneD百位數(shù)101 a hundred and one個(gè)數(shù)基數(shù)詞后加個(gè)數(shù)基數(shù)詞后加hundred，表示幾百，表示幾百;在幾十幾與在幾十幾與百位間加上百位間加上and(200 two hundred101 a/one hundred and one , 320 three hundred and twenty , 648 six hundred and forty-eight )E千位數(shù)以上 thousand million百萬 billion十億 從數(shù)字的從數(shù)字的右端向左端

2、右端向左端數(shù)起，每三位數(shù)加一個(gè)逗號(hào)數(shù)起，每三位數(shù)加一個(gè)逗號(hào)“，”。從右開始，從右開始， 第一個(gè)第一個(gè)“，”前的數(shù)字后添加前的數(shù)字后添加 thousand，第二個(gè)，第二個(gè)“，”前面的數(shù)字后添加前面的數(shù)字后添加 million，第三個(gè)，第三個(gè)“，”前的數(shù)字后添前的數(shù)字后添加加 billion ,然后一節(jié)一節(jié)分別表示。然后一節(jié)一節(jié)分別表示。 2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight 16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four 5,237,166,234 f

3、ive billion，two hundred and thirty-seven million，one hundred and sixty-six thousand，two hundred and thirty-four F基數(shù)詞的句法功能可作主語、賓語、定語、表語、同位語。The two happily opened the box（作主語）They three tried to finish the task （作同位語）三、數(shù)詞的用法三、數(shù)詞的用法 hundred, thousand, million, billion這幾個(gè)這幾個(gè) 數(shù)詞前如有具體數(shù)字，要用單數(shù)形式，數(shù)詞前如有具體數(shù)字，

4、要用單數(shù)形式， 后面加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。后面加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。 two hundred students six thound people Dozen 一打一打 dozens of 幾十，許多，大量幾十，許多，大量 two dozen eggs For dozens of years. score scores 許多，好幾十許多，好幾十three score of eggsscores of people in twos and threes 三三兩兩；零零星星 They arrived in twos and threes. sixes and sevens 亂七八糟，沒有頭緒 The boy

5、made the room at sixes and sevens. 2. 如果如果hundred, thousand, million, billion 這幾個(gè)數(shù)詞前沒有具體數(shù)字，應(yīng)在四個(gè)詞后這幾個(gè)數(shù)詞前沒有具體數(shù)字，應(yīng)在四個(gè)詞后 加加s + of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)； 數(shù)詞與名詞合成形容詞時(shí)數(shù)詞與名詞合成形容詞時(shí)，四個(gè)單詞用單數(shù)形，四個(gè)單詞用單數(shù)形式。式。 millions of trees a ten-thousand-word story an 11-year-old boy3. several, some, many等詞被認(rèn)為是具體數(shù)字，等詞被認(rèn)為是具體數(shù)字， 其后跟其后

6、跟hundred, thousand, million, billion的的 單數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。單數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。 Several hundred soldiers are coming.4. a number of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)，許多，大量。謂語用復(fù)數(shù)；名詞復(fù)數(shù)，許多，大量。謂語用復(fù)數(shù)； A number of students were absent from the meeting. the number of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)，名詞復(fù)數(shù)，.的數(shù)目。謂語用單數(shù)。的數(shù)目。謂語用單數(shù)。 The number of students absent from the meeting was increasing.5

7、. 用數(shù)詞表示事物的編號(hào)。用數(shù)詞表示事物的編號(hào)。 名詞基數(shù)詞名詞基數(shù)詞the+ 序數(shù)詞名詞。序數(shù)詞名詞。 Room 8 = the eighth room6. 用數(shù)詞表示人的不確切歲數(shù)或年代，用數(shù)詞表示人的不確切歲數(shù)或年代， 用幾十的復(fù)數(shù)形式表示。用幾十的復(fù)數(shù)形式表示。 He became a teacher in his thirties. in the 1990s7. 分?jǐn)?shù)是由分?jǐn)?shù)是由基數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞和和序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞一起來表示的。一起來表示的。 基數(shù)詞作分子，序數(shù)詞作分母，基數(shù)詞作分子，序數(shù)詞作分母， 除了分子是除了分子是“”以外，其他情況下序數(shù)詞都要用復(fù)以外，其他情況下序數(shù)詞都要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

8、數(shù)形式。 當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù)作主語，謂語要根據(jù)分?jǐn)?shù)后的名詞確定當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù)作主語，謂語要根據(jù)分?jǐn)?shù)后的名詞確定 單復(fù)數(shù)，如果是可數(shù)名詞用復(fù)數(shù)，不可數(shù)名詞用單數(shù)。單復(fù)數(shù)，如果是可數(shù)名詞用復(fù)數(shù)，不可數(shù)名詞用單數(shù)。 One third of the students in our class have been to Beijing. Four fifths of the water is drunk by the children.8. 數(shù)詞還可以用來表示時(shí)間、年月日等。數(shù)詞還可以用來表示時(shí)間、年月日等。 注意：注意：）百分?jǐn)?shù)）百分?jǐn)?shù) 由基數(shù)詞由基數(shù)詞percent來表示來表示 ninety-five percent

9、 2) 英語中表達(dá)英語中表達(dá)“幾個(gè)半幾個(gè)半”有兩種方法：有兩種方法： “數(shù)詞數(shù)詞+and a half+名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”； “數(shù)詞數(shù)詞+名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+and a half”。例如：例如：two and a half hours/ two hours and a half序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞 表示順序的詞稱為序數(shù)詞。表示順序的詞稱為序數(shù)詞。 1第一至第十九第一至第十九特殊特殊: first， second， third， fifth，eighth，ninth， twelfth 其他其他: 添加添加“th”。如。如 sixth、nineteenth2從第二十至第九十九從第二十至第九十九變變y為為i，

10、再加，再加“eth”構(gòu)成。構(gòu)成。twentytwentieth thirtythirtieth表示第幾十幾時(shí)，用幾十的基數(shù)詞表示第幾十幾時(shí)，用幾十的基數(shù)詞+連字符連字符“”+個(gè)位序數(shù)詞個(gè)位序數(shù)詞。thirty-first 第三十一第三十一 fifty-sixth 第五十六第五十六seventy-third 第七十三第七十三 ninety-ninth 第九十第九十九九3序數(shù)詞的縮寫形式:阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字后加上th。irstlst second2nd third3rdfourth4th twentieth20thtwenty-third23rd4序數(shù)詞的句法功能序數(shù)詞在句中可作主語、賓語、定語和表語。T

11、he second is what I really need（作主語）He choose the second（作賓語）We are to carry out the first plan（作定語）She is the second in our class（作表語）注：通常前面要加定冠詞 the；但出現(xiàn)不定冠詞a或an時(shí)，則表示“再”，“又”。Well go over it a second time（1）單純的序號(hào)，可在基數(shù)詞前加number,簡寫為No.。如：No.1第一號(hào)（2）事物名詞的序號(hào)表達(dá)法有所不同： 對(duì)于一些小序號(hào)可有序數(shù)詞也可用基數(shù)詞表達(dá)，形式分別為：the + 序數(shù)詞 +

12、 名詞；名詞 + 基數(shù)詞。如：第一次世界大戰(zhàn)可以表示為the First World War或World War One, Lesson 8 =the eighth lesson 對(duì)于一些大序號(hào)我們通常只用一種表達(dá)法，即名詞 + 數(shù)詞。如：501號(hào)房間表示為Room 501, 538路公共汽車表示為Bus 538。 可用a / the + number + 基數(shù)詞 + 名詞。如：a No.5 bus一輛五路公共汽車，the No.8 bus那輛8路公共汽車。序數(shù)序數(shù)二、時(shí)刻表示法1. 幾點(diǎn)鐘 5:00 讀作 five oclock 2. 幾點(diǎn)過幾分 five past seven 七點(diǎn)過五分h

13、alf past six 六點(diǎn)半a quarter past eight 八點(diǎn)過一刻3. 幾點(diǎn)差幾分 ten to eight 差十分八點(diǎn)a quarter to twelve 差一刻十二點(diǎn)twenty to six 差二十分六點(diǎn)another, other, more修飾數(shù)詞的用法修飾數(shù)詞的用法1. another A) another+名詞單數(shù) B)表“另外的、額外的、附加的時(shí)，+具體數(shù)字的復(fù)數(shù) 1Have you finished your report yet？ No，I will finish it in 10 minutes Aanother BOther Cmore Dless

14、2The strike may last another three days罷工可能還要持續(xù)三天。2. other +復(fù)數(shù)名詞，置于數(shù)詞之后B)但與定冠詞the連用時(shí)，other要放在數(shù)詞前。 A.Tony is going camping with _boys next SundayAlittle two other Btwo little other Ctwo other little Dlittle other two BDo you know where he found the other two photos？另外兩張照片 3. more 1more1）She has got f

15、ive more electric fans她還有五臺(tái)電扇。 2more還可與many,some等詞連用（1）There are many more dictionaries on the desk課桌上有許多詞典。 （2）Would you like some more tea？再喝點(diǎn)茶好嗎？ 4. 名詞省略 如果前后意思清楚，another或more后面的名詞可以省去。如： 1I climbed the stairs slowly，carrying a big suitcase，my father following with two more加減乘除表示法 1. 加用plus，and或a

16、dd表示；等于用is，make，equal等詞表示。2+3=? 可表示為： How much is two plus three? 2+3=5 Two plus three is five Two and three is equal to five Two and three make five Two added to three equals five If we add two to/and three, we get five 2. 減用 minus或 take from表示 106?How much is ten minus six? 10-6=4 Ten minus six is

17、 four Take six from ten and the remainder is four. Six (taken) from ten is four 十減去六等于四 3. “乘”用time（動(dòng)詞）或multiply表示 3X4? How much is three times four? 3X4=12 Three times four is/are twelve Three fours is/are twelve Multiply three by four，and we get twelve Three multiplied by four makes twelve 三乘以四等于十

18、二 4. “除”用divide的過去分詞形式表示 164=? How much is sixteen divided by four? 1644 Sixteen divided by four is four Sixteen divided by four equals/gives/makes four If you divide 16 by 4, you get 4. 十六除以四等于四。 總結(jié) 、加減乘除表示法1. “加加”用plus，and或add表示 How much is two plus three? It is fiveTwo and three is /equals five2.

19、 “減減”用 minusHow much is ten minus six?3. “乘乘”multiply3X4? How much is three times four?4. “除除”用divide的過去分詞形式表示164=? How much is sixteen divided by four?五、分?jǐn)?shù)表示法1. 分?jǐn)?shù)，基數(shù)詞數(shù)詞作分子，序數(shù)詞數(shù)詞作分母，除了分子是“1”以外，其它情況下序數(shù)詞數(shù)詞都要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。3/4 three fourths或 three 1/3 one third或a third 24/25 twenty-four twenty-fifths3 1/4 thre

20、e and one fourth或 three and one quarter 1/2 a half 1/4 one quarter或a quarter 1 1/2 one and a half 2. 當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù)后面接名詞時(shí)，如果分?jǐn)?shù)表示的值大于當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù)后面接名詞時(shí)，如果分?jǐn)?shù)表示的值大于1，名詞用復(fù)數(shù)；小于名詞用復(fù)數(shù)；小于1，名詞用單數(shù)，名詞用單數(shù)。1 1/2 hours 一個(gè)半小時(shí)（讀作 one and a half hours）分?jǐn)?shù)的其它表達(dá)形式： 分子與分母之間加in, 分子在前，分母在后，分子分母都用基數(shù)詞。 如：one in ten 十分之一，five in eight八分之五。 分子與分

21、母之間加out of , 分子在前，分母在后，分子分母都用基數(shù)詞。如：one out of ten十分之一，five out of eight八分之五 七、百分?jǐn)?shù)表示法百分?jǐn)?shù)用基數(shù)percent表示50 fifty percent百分之五十percent不用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 分?jǐn)?shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù)后面不能直接接名詞或代詞，而用以下形式： 分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù) of + the /these/those/my+ 名詞 / 代詞, 其謂語動(dòng)詞與其謂語動(dòng)詞與of后的名詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持后的名詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致一致，如：Two-thirds of the money was spent on food.Seventy p

22、ercent of the earth surface is covered by water. One third of the students are from the town.八。日期 May 5 五月五日（讀作May fifth）, 也可以表示為the fifth（5th）of May 九。倍數(shù)的表達(dá)方式once, twice, three times, four times（1）倍數(shù)用在as + 形容詞 / 副詞（原級(jí)）+ as結(jié)構(gòu)之前。如：They have three times as many cows as we do.（2）倍數(shù)放在形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)之前或by + 倍

23、數(shù)用在比較級(jí)之后。如：This rope is four times longer than that one.They produced more products in 2001 than those in 2000 by twice.The production of grain has been increased by four times this year.（3）倍數(shù)用在表示度量名詞前，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：倍數(shù) + the +size / length / weight + of + 表示比較對(duì)象的名詞，也可用于倍數(shù) + what引導(dǎo)的從句中。如：This room is three

24、times the size of that one.The college is twice what it was 5 years age.You cant imagine that rats eat 40 to 50 times their weight.大約數(shù)的表示方法（1）用ten、dozen、score、hundred、thousand、million等數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)后加of短語來表示幾十、幾百、上千、成千上萬等大約數(shù)概念。（2）用less than、under、below、almost、nearly、up to 等來表示小于或接近某數(shù)目。He is good at English,

25、so he can finish the paper in less than two hours.（3）用more than、over、above、beyond、or more等來表示超過或多于某個(gè)數(shù)目。如：Peking University has a history of more than 100 years.（4）用or、or so、about、around、some、more or less等表示在某一數(shù)目左右。About 50 people were present at that time. （5）用to、from to、between and表示介于兩數(shù)詞。如：His sal

26、ary rises from 20 dollars a week to 35 dollars a week.選擇填空。1March is _month of a yearA a three B the third C a third2We will have a meeting at 8:05_Afive to eight Beight five Ceight o five3Eight plus eight is_.Asixteen Bsixty-four Cone4He is an _boyAeight years Beight-year-old Ceight-years-old5We wi

27、ll have a_ walkAten minutes Bten minutes Cten-minutesB the thirdCeight o fiveAsixteenBeight-year-oldBten minutes6The wall is_.Afour meters long Bfour meter long Cfour-meter long7Whats the date today? Its_AMarch the eight BMarch eighthCeight，March8It happened in the 1040sA in the forties of the eleve

28、nth centuryB in the forties of the tenth centuryC in the forty9About_ of the earths surface is covered with water.A. three-fours B. three-fourth C. three-fourthsAfour meters longBMarch eighthA in the forties of the eleventh centuryC. three-fourths10. He went down to the village which was _miles away

29、 from the city.A. three hundreds B. three hundredC. three hundreds ofB. three hundred高考題目1._ people in the world are sending information by E-mail every day.A.Several million B.Many millionsC.Several millions D.Many million2. The number of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons. A.were ; was B.was ; w