語法-ing的用法修正版

1、語態(tài)語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài) 主動(dòng)形式主動(dòng)形式 被動(dòng)形式被動(dòng)形式一般式一般式完成式完成式(主要作主要作狀狀語語與與主語主語補(bǔ)足語補(bǔ)足語，偶爾作賓偶爾作賓語語)(not) doing(not) being done(not)having done(not)having been doneDifferent forms of “doing”注意：表否定時(shí)，注意：表否定時(shí)，not 置于置于V-ing前面前面V-ing 的用法：的用法：I. 作作_ 1. Swimming is good for health. (swim) 2. _ (raise) your hat to a lady is good mann

2、ers.對(duì)一位女士脫帽致敬是禮貌的。對(duì)一位女士脫帽致敬是禮貌的。 3. _ (kill) by sharks in the sea is a common thing.4. _(they, come) to help was a great encouragement to us.RaisingBeing killed 主語主語Their coming 5. Its no use _(cry) over spilt milk. 覆水難收。覆水難收。 6. It is no good _(learn) without practice.學(xué)而不實(shí)踐是沒好處的 7. It is a waste of

3、 time _ (talk) to him.cryinglearningtalking 知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)：知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)：it 作形式主語作形式主語, V-ing作真正的主語常作真正的主語常考句型：考句型：Its (no/much )use/ good doing sth. Its a waste of time doing sth. 知識(shí)點(diǎn)延伸：知識(shí)點(diǎn)延伸：it做形式主語，常考句型還有：做形式主語，常考句型還有：It is no wonder that同時(shí)還要記住同時(shí)還要記住there be 結(jié)構(gòu)的幾個(gè)固定句型結(jié)構(gòu)的幾個(gè)固定句型There is no need to do There is no se

4、nse in doingThere is no point in doingThere is no doubt that .There is no possibility that .注意：對(duì)注意：對(duì)it與與there的選擇也為考點(diǎn)之一。的選擇也為考點(diǎn)之一。 II. 作作_ 1. Teaching is learning教學(xué)相長(zhǎng)教學(xué)相長(zhǎng) 2. My hobby is _ (make) model planes. 3. What worried the child most was _ (not, allow) to visit his mother in the hospital.making

5、not being allowed表語表語1. I dont think its much good _ to him. A. writing B. to write C. write D. written2. _ the same mistake again made his parents very angry. A. His being made B. He has made C. He had making D. His making 3. (2013 浙江) _ how others react to the book you have just read creates an ad

6、ded pleasure. A. Hearing B. Hear C. Having heard D. to be hearingExercisesExercises 4. It is no use _ without thorough _. A. to read; understood B. reading; understanding C. to read; understand D. read; to understand III.作賓語作賓語 V-ing 形式既可作形式既可作_的賓語的賓語, 也可作也可作_的的賓語。賓語。 1. We would appreciate hearing

7、from you 2. The bird escaped _ (catch). 3. I feel like _ (join) the army. 4. He was afraid of _ (abandon) by us. 5.你介意你介意我我打開門嗎？打開門嗎？ Do you mind _ the door?being abandonedbeing caught joining 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞me/my opening高考重點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)：高考重點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)：1. 接接V-ing形式作賓語形式作賓語的的高頻高頻動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞： avoid, admit, appreciate, consider, delay, d

8、eny（否認(rèn)否認(rèn)），），enjoy, escape, pardon, finish, forgive, imagine, mind（介意介意）, miss(錯(cuò)過錯(cuò)過), practise, risk（冒險(xiǎn)冒險(xiǎn)）, fancy, suggest, give up, put off, feel like, insist on（堅(jiān)持堅(jiān)持）, look forward to, object to, keep on（持續(xù)持續(xù)）2.在在want/need/require(需要需要)， deserve（值得，應(yīng)當(dāng)）值得，應(yīng)當(dāng)）等動(dòng)詞之后作賓語時(shí)，常用等動(dòng)詞之后作賓語時(shí)，常用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)意義。動(dòng)名詞

9、的主動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)意義。1. 這些樹需要澆水了。這些樹需要澆水了。1)The trees want/ need/ require _ _2. 這座城市值得光顧一下。這座城市值得光顧一下。This city deserves _. 3. 這個(gè)問題需要認(rèn)真研究。這個(gè)問題需要認(rèn)真研究。 The problem requires _carefully .知識(shí)延伸知識(shí)延伸:漢譯英：他值得表揚(yáng)漢譯英：他值得表揚(yáng) wateringvisitingstudyingto be watered us to water themHe deserved_ praisepraisingto be praised3.在（在

10、（be）worth后面只能用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)態(tài)來表示被動(dòng)意義。1). His suggestion is worth _(consider).2). The book is worth _(read).consideringreading知識(shí)延伸知識(shí)延伸：worthy,worthwhile的用法的用法The book is worthy_ . It is worthwhile_ the book.(read)to be read/of being readreading/to read4.allow/advise/forbid/permit +sb/sth to do doing We dont

11、allow _ (smoke) here. We dont allow students_ (smoke). smokingto smoke5. forget (to do-未做未做/doing-做了做了) remember, regret (to do-一般用于告訴對(duì)方不好的消息一般用于告訴對(duì)方不好的消息/doing-后悔做了后悔做了.)mean (to do-打算做打算做/doing意味著意味著.) stop (to do-停下去做另一件事停下去做另一件事/doing-停止正在做的事情停止正在做的事情 go on try（to do-竭盡全力去做竭盡全力去做./doing-嘗試著做嘗試著做

12、.） can not help (to do-不能幫助做不能幫助做./doing-情不自禁做情不自禁做.)等動(dòng)詞或詞組既可跟動(dòng)名詞等動(dòng)詞或詞組既可跟動(dòng)名詞(doing)可跟不定式（可跟不定式（to do）作賓語）作賓語，但意義上有區(qū)別。但意義上有區(qū)別。1. -The light in the office is still on. -Oh, I forgot _ . A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off2. Henry always forgets things he has don

13、e. Yesterday he forgot _ and looked for it everywhere. A. to post the letter B. to have the letter posted C. to have posted the letter D. having posted the letter1. The sentence wants _ once more. A. to explain B. explaining C. being explained D. to be explained it2. The squirrel was lucky that it j

14、ust missed _. A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catch 3.The thief entered the room without _. A. noticing B. being noticed C. having noticed D. having been noticedExercises4. Besides _, she is kind and tender.A. beautiful B. being beautiful C. she beautiful D. is beautiful5. When he

15、heard the big noise, Tom stopped _ and _ to the window to see what was happening. A. to read; went B. reading; to go C. reading; going D. reading; went 6.I am busy _ for the entrance examination, so I cant help _ housework at home. A. preparing; doing B. preparing; to do C. to prepare; doing D. to p

16、repare; to do7. Ali said that she wouldnt mind _ alone at home. A. leftB. being left C. to be leftD. leaving8. I still remember _ to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. A. to take B. to be taken C. taking D. being taken 9. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the

17、 classroom. A. opened of and closed B. to be opened and closed C. being opened and closed D. to open and close IV. 作作_1. The girl standing there is my sister .2. This is a piece of _ (surprise) news .3. The problem_ (discuss) now is very important. 4. The farmers _ (work) in the fields are tired .su

18、rprising being discussed working定語定語知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)與回顧：非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)與回顧：非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語1.謂語動(dòng)詞作定語的謂語動(dòng)詞作定語的基本形式：基本形式： 主動(dòng)主動(dòng): to do（中心詞為抽象名稱中心詞為抽象名稱如如excuse/answer/ idea/fact/way/ reason/ moment/time等或等或被序數(shù)詞，被序數(shù)詞，最高級(jí)或最高級(jí)或no, all, any修飾時(shí)修飾時(shí)，用，用to do 作后置定語）作后置定語） doing被動(dòng)被動(dòng):done （完成）（完成） being done（進(jìn)行）（進(jìn)行） to be done（將來）（將

19、來）2. 解題思路：解題思路：先找中心詞，即被修飾的名詞先找中心詞，即被修飾的名詞 再看中心詞與修飾它的動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)再看中心詞與修飾它的動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān) 系系 ，主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)，主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)， 若是被動(dòng)，則看動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間若是被動(dòng)，則看動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間V-ing作定語，表示作定語，表示“用于用于的的”或表示或表示“處于某處于某件事情中的件事情中的”含義含義。 游泳池游泳池 手杖手杖 發(fā)展中國(guó)家發(fā)展中國(guó)家 勞動(dòng)人民勞動(dòng)人民 熟睡的孩子熟睡的孩子 swimming pool walking stick developing countries working people a sleeping child

20、 V.作作_1. He sat at the table, _(read) a book. 2. _ (clean) the rooms we began to weed the garden. 3._ ( work ) hard, you will succeed.4. _(be) ill, he couldnt go to school. 5. My car was caught in a traffic jam, thus _(cause) the delay. 6. _(travel) by train, we visited a number of cities. 7. _(tell

21、) many times, he still made the same mistake.readingWorkingHaving cleaned狀語狀語BeingcausingTravellingHaving been told知識(shí)回顧：分詞作狀語知識(shí)回顧：分詞作狀語 1)分詞作狀語的分詞作狀語的基本形式：基本形式： 主動(dòng)主動(dòng)：doing having done 被動(dòng)被動(dòng)： done having been done being done2）分詞作狀語的分詞作狀語的基本原則基本原則：主語一致，即主句的主語與：主語一致，即主句的主語與從句的主語保持一致。從句的主語保持一致。3）分詞作狀語的）分

22、詞作狀語的解題思路解題思路：先：先找找主句主句主語主語再再看看主句主句主語與從句謂語動(dòng)詞之間的主語與從句謂語動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系關(guān)系最后最后看時(shí)間看時(shí)間先后，先后，若從句謂語動(dòng)詞先發(fā)生若從句謂語動(dòng)詞先發(fā)生，則從句用，則從句用having done或或 having been done 獨(dú)立成分作狀語獨(dú)立成分作狀語有些狀語不受上下文影響，稱作獨(dú)立成分。如：有些狀語不受上下文影響，稱作獨(dú)立成分。如： 一般說一般說來來_坦白地說坦白地說_根據(jù)根據(jù)來判斷來判斷 _說實(shí)話說實(shí)話_考慮到考慮到_ judging from/byfrankly speaking/to be frankgenerally speak

23、inghonestly speaking/ to be honestconsidering./taking .into consideration/seeing.考慮到你的健康，你最好休息一下?？紤]到你的健康，你最好休息一下。_Considering your health, youd better have a rest. 在絕大數(shù)情況下，在絕大數(shù)情況下，-ing的邏輯主語是句子的主語，但有時(shí)的邏輯主語是句子的主語，但有時(shí)前可有一個(gè)名詞或代詞表示邏輯上的主語，這種帶邏輯前可有一個(gè)名詞或代詞表示邏輯上的主語，這種帶邏輯主語的稱為主語的稱為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。1)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)三要素：主語

24、不一致獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)三要素：主語不一致 中間有逗號(hào)中間有逗號(hào) 缺缺乏引導(dǎo)詞乏引導(dǎo)詞2)高考基本考點(diǎn)形式高考基本考點(diǎn)形式ed（被動(dòng)）（被動(dòng)） ing(主動(dòng)主動(dòng))Weather permitting, we will go out.Test finished ,we went home.The meeting _ over, we all left the room and drove home.會(huì)議結(jié)束后，我們都離開房間開車走了。會(huì)議結(jié)束后，我們都離開房間開車走了。 It _ a holiday, all the shops were shut. 由于今天是假日，所有商店都關(guān)門了。由于今天是假日，

25、所有商店都關(guān)門了。beingbeingVI. 作賓語補(bǔ)足語作賓語補(bǔ)足語:1. I saw people coming and going in the street.2. I heard her _ (sing) when I passed her room.3. Youll find the topic _ (discuss) everywhere now. 4. The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog _ (follow) them.being discussedsinging

26、following1. I got to the office earlier that day,_ the 7:30 train from Paddington. A. caught B. to have caught C. to catch D. having caught 2. _ at the cafeteria before, Tina didnt want to eat there again. A. Having eaten B. To eat C. Eat D. Eating 3. The room is empty except for a bookshelf _ in on

27、e corner. A. standing B. to stand C. stands D. stood 4.I looked up and noticed a snake _ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast. A. to wind B. wind C. winding D.wound5. _ his mother, the baby could not help _. A. To see；to laugh B. Seeing；to laugh C. Seeing；laughing D. To see；laughingPractice1. - What made Bill so angry? - _. His girl friend promised to come at 8:30, but she hasnt come yet. A. Having kept waiting B. Being kept waiting C. To be kept waiting D. Being kept waitedB 2. The building _ in our school is for us teachers,though theres