專題08閱讀理解人物或故事類、科普或環(huán)境保護(hù)類或健康類、社會現(xiàn)象或歷史文化教育類第03期

1、專題8:閱讀理解（人物或故事類，科普或環(huán)境保護(hù)類或健康類、社會現(xiàn)象或歷史文化教育類）1.【2018年四川省宜賓】WangFumanisa10-year-oldstudent.HeisnowstudyinginZhuanshanbaoPrimarySchoolinZhaotong,YunnanProvince.OnMondaymorning（January8,2018）,hebraved-9Cweathertotraveloveranhourtoreachhisschool.Whenhearrived,hishairandeyebrowshadbeencompletelyfrozenwithsn

2、owflake（雪花）.Thismadehis16classmateslaughalot.FuHeng,Wang'steachersawthisandtookapicture.Heuploaded化傳）Wang'spicture.Thepicturesoonhasgotmuchattentiontochildrenfrompoorfamiliesinthecountryside.Wang,whohasbeennicknamed“SnowflakeBoy"bynetizens,becamefamousonlineovernight.ByWednesdaymorning,

3、hispicturehadbeen“l(fā)iked"morethan260,000timesonSinaWeiboandsharedmorethan40,000times.AfterhearingWang'sstory,theYunnanChinaYouthDevelopmentFoundationheldapublicdonation（捐贈(zèng)）activityforchildrenfrompoorfamilies.TheFoundationhaspromisedtogiveeachpoorchild500yuan（$75）tohelpthemstaywarminwinter.By

4、1pmonWednesday,theFoundationhadcollectedabout300,000yuaninpublicdonations,accordingtotheirwebsite.Wang'svillagenowhaselectricityandtapwater,“andmyfamilyisgettinghelptobuildanewhouseclosetotheschool”,Wangsaid,“Ithinkourlifewill25. WhatwastheweatherlikeonMondaymorning?A.Snowyandcold.B.Rainyandcold

5、.C.Snowybutwarm.D.Rainybutwarm.26. WhydidtheclassmateslaughwhenWangenteredtheclassroom?A.Becausehelosthisbooks.B.Becausehetoldajoke.C.Becausehelookedfunny.D.Becausehewaslate.27. TheFoundationheldapublicdonationtohelpthepoorchildrenA.stayhappyB.keephealthyC.stayeducatedD.keepwarminwinter28. Whatcanwe

6、knowfromthetext?A. Zhaotong'sweatherinwinteriswarm.B. Wang'sfuturelifemaybecomebetter.C. Wang'svillagehadelectricitybefore.D. Fewpeoplesharedtheboy'spicture.2.【2018年四川省宜賓】China'snationalantherfMarchoftheVolunteers,isasongthatwelearnatthebeginningofprimaryschoolandsingateveryflag-

7、raisingceremony.Andnow,there'sevenalawtoprotectit.LastSeptember,thegovernmentpassedtheNationalAnthemLaw,whichbecameeffective（生效）fromOct.1,2017.Itstateshowweshouldsingorplaythesong,requiringallofustobehavetowardsitpolitely.Primaryandmiddleschoolsmustteachtheanthemtotheirstudentsandmakethemunderst

8、andthesonghistory.Moreover,thelawrequiresustobeseriouswhenwearesingingthesong.Wecan'tjokeaboutitorchangethesong'swordsormusic.Ifsomeonebreaksthelaw,heorshecanbdetainedforupto15days,orfacefurtherpunishmentinmoreserioussituations.Thenationalanthemisdifferentfromothersongs-itisthesymbolofourcou

9、ntry.Manyforeigncountriesalsohavelawsfortheirnationalanthems.Forexample,Americanschoolchildrenshouldputtheirrighthandovertheirheartwhilesingingtheircountry'santhemaOtaaiiooftHenRussia,thenmustbeplayedontelevisionandradiobeforethestartandendofbroadcasting.AndinthePhilippines,peoplearerequiredtosi

10、ngthenationalanthemwithfeelingswhenit'splayedinpublic.29. HowlonghastheNationalAnthemLawbecomeeffectivetillnow?A.Formorethanoneyear.B.Forjusthalfayear.C.Forlessthan9months.D.Forabout10months.30. Whymustwebeseriouswhensingingthesong?A.Becausetheschoolasksusto.B.Becauseithasalonghistory.C.Becausew

11、earegoodstudents.D.Becauseit'sourcountry'ssymbol.31. Whatdoestheunderlinedworddetained""mean?A.Keptinapolicestation.B.Forcedtowork.C.Preventedfromeating.D.Keptsingingthesong.32. StudentsarerequiredtoputtheirrighthandovertheirheartinA.ChinaB.AmericaC.PhilippineD.Russia3.【2018年四川省宜賓】

12、Whatcanbebothredorgreen,roundorsharp,bigorsmall,andmoreimportantly,lovedorhatedbysomeone?Yes,theanswerischilies（辣椒）.ManyofusinChinaenjoyaddingchiliestoourfood,butdidyouknowthatthisspicy（辣的）vegetablecouldalsobedangerous?A34-year-oldUSmanrecentlyendedupinhospitalaftereatingaCarolinaReaper,thespiciestc

13、hilipeoplehaveknownsofar.Aftertakingjustasinglebiteofone,themansufferedfromseriousheadachesinthefollowingdays,reportedBBCNews.Infact,eatingspicyfoodcausesstomachacheandheadache.Butifchiliesareharmful,whydopeopleliketoeatthisvegetable?Sowhatmakespeoplelovechiliessomuch?Thehumanbodyisinfluencedbynatur

14、alchemicalsthatproduce“asenseofhappiness”,notedBBCNews.Andchiliesdogoodtopeopleinanotherway.Scientistsfoundthatthedeathrateofthosewhoeatspicyfoodonceortwiceaweekis10percentlowerthanthosewhoeatitlessthanonceaweek.Thedeathrateis14percentlowerforthosewhoeatspicyfoodsixtoseventimesaweek.Thisencouragespe

15、opletoeatmorespicyfoodtoimprovehealthandbringlessdeathriskatanearlyage.So,don'tworryifyoulovespicyfood.Itseemsthatchiliesareactuallygoodforus.33. Whatisthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?A.Eatingchiliescanbedangerous.B.TheUSmandiedinhospital.C.TheUSmanoftenhadheadaches.D.TheChineseenjoyeatingchilie

16、s.34. Peopleliketoeatchiliesbecause.A.chiliesdonoharmtopeopleB.thechiliisakindofvegetableC.theycangetpersonalenjoymentD.chemicalsinchiliesmakethemmad35. Whatistrueaboutthelastparagraph?A. Themorechiliesyoueat,thelongeryoumustlive.B. Scientistsencourageustoaddchiliestoourfood.C. Weshouldeatspicyfoods

17、ixtimesaweek.D. Properspicyfoodmayimproveourhealth.36. Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?A.EatingChilies,AHealthyLifestyleB.ALovedandHatedVegetableC.ChiliAHarmfulVegetableD.CausesofStomachache4.【2018年浙江省金華】Teenagersareknownforbeingcreativeandfullofnewideas.Letshavealookatthesdteenageinventionstha

18、tmightchangetheworld.Bananaleavesusuallygobadintwoorthreedays.TenithAdithyaa,ateenagerfromIndia,usedUVtomaketheleavesstayfreshforayear.Teniththinksthatonedaytheleaveswillbeusedformakingplates,cupsandotherthings.smallestplaces,wherehumansordogscan'tgo.Itwillbeusedforfindingpeopleinfireoranearthqu

19、ake.RemyaJose,a14-year-oldfromIndia,foundittiringandboringtohandwashclothesinthenearbyriver.Shereusedsomebicyclepartsandcreatedawashingmachinethatsavestime,energyandkeepspeoplefitatthesametime.KennethShinozuku,a15-year-oldfromNewYork,noticedthathisgrandfatherwhogotAlzheimer/sdisease（老年癡呆）wouldoftenl

20、eavehomeandgetlost.Soheinventedthewearablesensors（感應(yīng)器）tohelppeoplefindtheirfamilymemberslikehisgrandfather.DavidCohen,anAmericanteenager,builtanearthworm（蚯蚓）robot.Itisabletogointothe16. Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A. PopularadsB. UsefulmachinesC. Strangepictures.D. Teenageinventions17. Theearthwormr

21、obotbyDavidCohencanA. makethingsstayfreshB. helppeoplewashclothesC. gointothesmallestplacesD. takecareoftheoldpeople18. WhichofthefollowingisTRUEA. Platesandcupsaremadeoffreshbananaleaves.B. Remya'swashingmachinecanalsokeeppeoplefit.C. DavidCohenisamiddleschoolstudentfromIndia.D. Kenneth'swe

22、arablesensorswillkeepoldpeopleathome.5.【2018年浙江省金華】UnderstandingGraphics（圖表）Whenwearereading,weoftenseeoneortwographicsinatext.Haveyoueverthoughtaboutthesequestions:Whyaretheythere?Whatinformationdotheygive?Dotheyhelpwithourreadingandunderstanding?Graphicsarethingslikepictures,maps,chartsandtables.T

23、heygiveinformationtoreaders.Veryoften,wecanseedifferentkindsofgraphicsinbooks,magazinesandnewspapers.Writersusegraphicstogetthereaders'attentionandgivethemsomeparticular（特另ij的）information.Graphicshelptounderstandthegiveninformationinatext.Andgraphicsputtheinformationinaparticularordersothatit

24、9;seasytounderstandwhenwetakeaquicklook.Itisnotalwaystruethatapictureisworthathousandwords.Butmanythingsareeasiertoshowthantotellandtheymayalsobeeasiertounderstand.Graphicsarejusttherightthingsthatgiveagreatdealofinformationbutitdoesn'ttakemuchtimetoreadandunderstand.Therightwaytoreadandundersta

25、ndagraphicistolookatthepictureandthewordstogether.Inagraphic,onlyafewwordsareusedtoexplainwhatthepictureshowsyou.Sometimes,numbersandpercentages（百分比）arealsogiventogowiththewordstoexplainthings.Nowlookatthegraphicontheright.ItishowaresearcherusedagraphictoshowthenumberofhoursspentsleepingbyBritishtee

26、nagerseachday.Canyouunderstandit?Znumb*orbyBr*hh19. Whichofthefollowingismentionedasagraphic?A.Aletter.B. Apoem.C. Amap.D. Anamecard.20. Thewriterthinksgraphicsareimportantbecause.A. lessspaceistakenonapageB. apictureisworthathousandwordsC. alotoftimecanbesavedforwritersD. manythingsareeasiertoshowt

27、hantotell21. Whenwereadagraphic,weshould.A. findoutifthereareanytablesinitB. puttheinformationintherightorderC. counthowmanywordsthereareinitD. lookatthepictureandthewordstogether22. Thegraphicgiveninthepassagetellsusthat.A. 5Britishteenagerssleepfor8-9hourseverydayB. Chinese18-year-oldsspend5-6hour

28、ssleepingeverydayC. 17%oftheBritishteenagerssleepfor3-4hourseachdayD. 42%oftheChineseteenagersspend6-7hourssleepingeachday6.【2018年浙江省金華】Shynesscanbeanunhappyfeeling.Butthegoodnewsis,you'renotalone.Scientistssaythatmorethan40percentofteenagersandadultsconsiderthemselvesshy.Shynessisfeelingalittle

29、nervousorasifyouwanttohidewhenyou'rearoundotherpeopleorinanewsituation.Scientistssaysuchthingsasgenetics（遺傳基因）,lifeexperiences,andenvironmentcaninfluencewhetherapersonisshy.Forexample,insomefamilies,everybodyseemstobeshy.Whathappensifyouareshy?Well,beingshymaycauseyoutoavoidormissopportunitiesyo

30、uwouldenjoy.Howdopeopleovercome（克服）shyness?ThisiswhatGilberttellsus."WhenIstartedofftryingtogetoverbeingshy,Idecidedtodolittlestepsatatime,includingpracticingsmilingandsayinghitopeople.Anditworkedforme.Butshynessisnotthekindofthingthatmostpeoplecangetoverovernight.Overcomingshynesstaketimeandne

31、edspractice.Herearesometipsgivenbyscientists.Thinkofwhattotalkaboutbeforeyouleavehome.Preparethingstotalkaboutbeforeyou'reinasocialsituation.Forexample,ifyouknowyourclassmatesareinterestedinanupcomingevent,learnaboutitsoyoucanjoinintheconversations.Letpeopleknowyou'reshy.Ifyou'reshy,just

32、showit.Insteadoflettingpeopleguess,tellthemthetruth.Explainthatyouareshyandfeelnervousbutenjoytalkingtopeople.Makethingseasyfortheotherperson.Remember,you'renottheonlyshypersonaround.Dowhatyouthinkmighelpothersfeelgood-forexample,sayhelloorsmile.Pickonesocialskilltopracticeatatime.Startsimply.Fo

33、rexample,smileorbethefirstpersontosayhi.Chooseskillsyoufeelcomfortableenoughwithtopracticeforaday,aweek,amonth,orevenayear.23. WhichofthefollowingcanbeputintheblankinParagraph2?A. Whatisshyness?B. Whatmakespeopleshy?C. Canshynessbegoodforus?D. Canweovercomeshyness?24. TheexampleofGilbertinParagraph4

34、isgivento.A. showhowpeopleovercomeshynessB. introduceashygirlcalledGilbertC. telltherighttimetopracticesmilingD. explainthestepsofovercomingshyness25. Whatdoestheunderlinedword"overnight"inParagraph5mostprobablymean?A. Correctly.B. Suddenly.C. Slowly.D. Finally.26. Whichofthefollowingisthe

35、rightwaytoovercomeshyness?A. Don'tletothersknowthatyouareshy.B. Waitforotherstosayhellotoyoufirst.C.Chooseseveralskillstopracticeatatime.D.Getreadybeforeyoujoininasocialsituation.7.【2018年浙江省紹興中考】17-year-oldBrennanAgranoff,acolorblindboy,startedhiscustomsockbusinessinmiddleschool,withnallloan（貸款）

36、hegotfromhisParents.Uptillnow,hehassoldover1millionworthofsocksonlineinthelastfouryearsBrennanthoughtoftheideaforhiscustomsockcompanyatjust13yearsold.HewasattendingahighschoolbasketballgameinhishometownofSherwood,Oregon,andnoticedthatmanykidshisagewerewearingthesamewhiteNikesportsocks.Theboytoldhims

37、elfthatifthesewhiteplainsocksweresopopularwithkids,thensomecoolcustomdesignswouldsurelybeanevengreaterhit.Buttheboydidn/ttellhisparentsaboutthebusinessideaimmediately.Hespentsixmonthsresearchingthingslikeprintingmachinesandtechnologyanddrawingupabusinessplan.Onlywhenhehadeverythingplannedoutdidheask

38、hisparentsforaloan."Theythoughttheideawasalittleoutthere,"BrennanrecentlytoldCNNMoney,buthekeptpushing,andfinallyreceiveda$3,000loantostarthiscompany.Thenhebegantoworkonhisowndesigns.Thefactthathewascolorblinddidntstophimandhehascreatedover200designsnow.Businesswasslowthefirstyear,butthenB

39、rennanstartedpushinghisHoopswaggproductsheavilyontheInternet.Orderssoonstartedcomingininlargenumbers,andHoopswaggbecameapopularbrancagcustomsocklovers.Rightnow,hisdesignscanbefoundonHoopswaggwebsite,Amazonandebaamofouryearsafterstartinghisbusiness,Brennanhasachievedgreatsuccesswhilebalancing（平衡）scho

40、olhousechoresandhissociallife.Andhesayshelovedeveryminuteofit.19. ThesecondparagraphmainlytellsushowBrennanA. designedhiscustomsocksB. gothisbusinessideaC. organizedthebasketballmatchD. managedhiscompany20. Tostarthisbusiness,BrennanA. boughtsomeNikesocksB. madeabusinessplanC. askedteachersforadvice

41、D. gotmoneyfromfriends21. Itcanbeinferred（推斷）fromthepassagethatBrennanA. gotnosupportfromhisparentsB. busytodohousechoC. stoppeddesigningbecauseofhiseyesD. enjoyedbothhisstudyandbusiness22. WhichwordcanbestdescribeBrennanaccordingtothepassage?A.Honest.B.Kind.C.Creative.D.Helpful.8.【2018年浙江省紹興中考】Ever

42、ynightinJinanUniversityinGuangahou,agroupofstudentsplaysdiabolo（空竹）asacrowdwatchesoninamazement.ChenZhelun,25,amalaysian-chinesestartedthediaboloclub,whichhelpstoincreasethepopularityofthistraditionalChinesegame.Heisoneofmanystudentsexpressingtheirinterestinthecountry/sculturalheritage（遺產(chǎn)）bystarting

43、clubs.Thediabolo,whichcamefromChina,ispopularamongChineselivinginMalaysia.“Weplayeddiabolofromprimaryschoolonward.IthoughtIcouldfindsomeonetoplaywithinChina,butonlyafewstudentsknewaboutit.SoIstartedaclubtodevelopit.”saysChenToChenasurprise,theoldgamehasinterestedahugecrowd-morethan1,000studentshavej

44、oinedtheclub.“Itkeepsyourbodystronganditsfun,"saysChetpreferquieteractivities.Everyweekend,oneclassroominShenzhenUniversityisalwayscrowded,butit/sunusuallysilent.ThemembersofLantingCalligraphyClubarewritingChinesecharacterswithtraditionalbrushesFanDongling,21,astudentinShenzhenUniversity,saysit

45、zsashamethatyoungpeoplenolongerenjoythebeautyofChinesecharacters.Althoughherclubisquiet,Fansaysitkeepsmembershealthy,mentallyandphysicallyStivaChristmasorValentinesDay,buttheyseldompayattentiontotraditionalones,"saysKongYanquan,21,astudentinGuangxiUniversity.AsheadofthetraditionalChineselocalop

46、erasclub,Kongplanstoputmodernelements（元素）intotraditionalculturetogetstudentstojoinhisclubIthinkit/severyonesdutytosaveanddevelopchina，straditionalcultureamongyoungpeople,"hesays.23. Thepassageisorganizedbygivingthree.A.examplesB.tasksC.lessonsD.speeches24.TheunderlinedwordiiinTtaragraph6referst

47、o（指代）A. watchingdiaboloshowsB. playingdiaboloC. talkingaboutoldgamesD. goingtoprimaryschool25. ItcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatFanDonglingA.comesfromMalaysiaB.isgoodatlocaloperasC.lovesquietactivitiesD.isinterestedinsports26. KongYanquanadvisesyoungpeopletoA.practicewritingChinesecharactersB.celebra

48、teWesternfestivalsC.payattentiontotraditionalcultureD.makefriendswiththeelders9.【2018年浙江省紹興中考】Technologyiseverywhere.Weseeitanyplacewegoand,infact,almostallofuscarrysomepieceoftechnologywithuseverytimeweleavethehouse.WhatIalwaysforget,though,isjusthowusefulandpowerfultechnologycanbewhenwewanttohelpo

49、thersThereisnotasingleroominmyhousethatdoesnothavesomeelectronicdevices（設(shè)備）lyingaroundinit.WheneverIamathome,Iamalmostalwaysusingatleastoneelectronicdevice.Ifyouwalkedintomylivingroomonanygivenday,youwouldfindthat,first,Ihavethetelevisionon.Atthesametime,Iusuallyhavemylaptoprestingonmyknee,orIwillbe

50、usingmymobilephone,EvenwhenJmnotathomeIamalwaysusingmyphone,andatworkorincafes,Isitdownandconnecttothelocalwirelessnetworkonmyipcop.ImustsaythatIwastealotoftimeonthecomputerandthetimeIspendonitcouldbemuchbetterspentifIweretotakeupalittleonlinevolunteeringThetechnologywecarryabouteverywherecanhaveagr

51、eatpowertodogoodfortheworldandtohelpothersandrecentlyIdiscoveredjusthowmuchonlinevolunteeringthereistodointheworld.Fromusingyourlanguageskillstodotranslations,todevelopingandmanagingprojectsandhelpingwithITwork,thereissomuchthatsomanypeoplecandotohelppeopleintheirowncountriesandacrosstheworld.TheUni

52、tedNations,infact,hasahugepagewith"VolunteersRecruited"onitswebsite.Thisworkcansupportthepoorandhelpcharitieswhocannotpayforstaff.Manyorganizationsonlyrequireyoutoworkanhouraweek-someevenless.Andthesupportprovidedbyonlinevolunteerscanreallyhelpmakeadifferencetothoseinneed.27. FromParagraph

53、2,wecanknowthatthewriterA.usestechnologyalotB.worksinacafeC.isacomputerengineerD.likesmodernmusic28. TheunderlinedwordRecruited"inParagraph4means:A.OrderedB.WantedC.VisitedD.Warned29. Inthewritersopinion,peopleshouldspendmoretimewithtechnology.A.workingoncomputerprogramsB.keepingtheInternetsafe

54、C.inventingelectronicproductsD.helpingpeopleinneed30. Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WebsiteDesignB.InternetOrganizationsC.OnlineVolunteeringD.OnlineTranslation學(xué)10.【2018年甘肅省白銀】AliceinWonderlandChapter2Alicewasnothurt,soshejumpedtoherfeetinamoment.Shelookedup,andfoundtheWhiteRabbitwasstillinsig

55、ht.Shewasclosebehinditwhensheturnedthecomer,buttheRabbitwasnolongertobeseen.Shefoundherselfinalong,lowhall.Thereweredoorsallaroundthehall,buttheywerealllocked.Alicewalkedsadlydownthemiddle,wonderinghowshewasevertogetoutagain.Suddenly,shecameuponalittlethree-leggedtable.Therewasnothingonitbutatinygol

56、denkey,andAlice'sfirstideawasthatthismightbelongtooneofthedoorsofthehall.But,alas!Eitherthelocksweretoolarge,orthekeywastoosmall.However,onthesecondtimeround,shecameuponalowcurtainshehadnotnoticedbeforeandbehinditwasalittledoor.Shetriedthelittlegoldenkeyinthelock,andshewaspleasedtofinditfitted!4

57、6. ThehallwhereAlicestayedis.A.longandlowB.bigandhighC.wideandlowD.bigandwide47. WhatdidAlicewanttodowhenshegottothehall?A. ShewantedtoknowhowtogetsomefoodB. ShewantedtoknowwherehersisterwasC. ShewantedtofindouthowtogetoutagainD. ShewantedtomeettheRabbit48. WheredidAlicefindthetinygoldenkey?葉田重A.B.C

58、.D.49. HowdidAlicefeelwhenthegoldkeyfittedintoalock?A.TiredB.ShockedC.HappyD.Interested50.WhichisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A. AlicehadneverseentheWhiteRabbitbeforeshegottothehallB. SomeofthedoorsaroundthehallwerelockedC. AlicenoticedthelittledoorassoonassheenteredthehallD. ThepassageisfromAliceinWonderland.11.【2018年湖北省黃岡市中考】ChinesehasbeenaddedtothegraduationexamlistbySophieSchool,anItalianhighschooland29studentswilltakethetestthisyear.ThishighschoolismainlyaboutlanguageinnortheasternItaly.IthasbecomethefirstschoolinthecountrytolistChineseasagraduationexamsubject.TheC