2018年高三英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)專題13Traveljournal詞匯短語(yǔ)

1、專題1.3 Travel journal【學(xué)以致用】一、重點(diǎn)詞匯細(xì)解1. transport n.&vt. 運(yùn)輸，運(yùn)送（教材原句）Which kind of transport do you prefer to use: bus or train?你愿意用哪種交通方式：汽車還是火車？transport.(from.)to. 把(從)運(yùn)到transportation(美)transport(英)n.運(yùn)輸，交通工具 語(yǔ)法填空It took two days to transport the furniture_ _ the new apartment.把家具運(yùn)送到新公寓需花費(fèi)兩天時(shí)間?！敬鸢浮縯o

2、 【易混辨析】明辨異同transport指“運(yùn)輸”這種行為或“運(yùn)輸工具”The governments transport policy is excellent.政府的交通運(yùn)輸政策非常好。traffic指街上的行人車輛，著重?cái)?shù)量的多少The traffic is heavy these days. I might arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place?近來交通擁擠，我可能會(huì)到得晚一點(diǎn)，你能給我留個(gè)位子嗎？2. prefer vt.更喜歡；選擇某事物（而不選擇其他事物） prefer sth.更喜歡某物 prefer (doing) s

3、th. to (doing) sth.比起更喜歡(to為介詞)prefer to do. rather than do .=would rather do. than do寧愿做而不做prefer sb. to do sth. 寧愿某人做某事prefer that sb. (should) do sth.（1）I _a flat in Shanghai _one in Beijing. 我更想上海有個(gè)房子而不是北京。（2）He _ there doing nothing. 我寧愿干活也不愿坐在那里無(wú)所事事。（3）Would you prefer that we our meeting till

4、 next Wednesday?你是否更愿意我們把會(huì)議推遲到下周三？（4）Liu Hulan before the enemy.劉胡蘭寧死也不在敵人面前屈服。易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)：（1）prefer意為“更喜歡”，相當(dāng)于like better/more，所以prefer一般不與比較級(jí)連用。（2）prefer的過去式、過去分詞為preferred，現(xiàn)在分詞為preferring.3. disadvantage n.不利條件；不便之處（教材原句）Think about the advantages and disadvantages of each form of transport and fill in t

5、he following chart.想一想各種交通方式的利與弊，并填寫下表。at a disadvantage處于不利地位under disadvantage在不利的情況下to ones disadvantage 對(duì)某人不利advantage n優(yōu)勢(shì)，優(yōu)點(diǎn)，好處take advantage of 利用（1）Many her private pictures have been put on the Internet, which puts her .她的很多私人照片被放到了網(wǎng)上，這使她處于不利的境地。（2）I hope my lack of experience wont be .但愿我的經(jīng)

6、驗(yàn)不足不會(huì)使我吃虧。（3）As we all know, everything has_ _ _ and_ _. We should_ its_ to try our hard to avoid its _.眾所周知，每一樣?xùn)|西既有優(yōu)點(diǎn)也有缺點(diǎn)。我們應(yīng)該充分利用它的優(yōu)點(diǎn)來盡量避免它的不利方面?！敬鸢浮浚?）at a disadvantage （2）to my disadvantage （3）advantages, disadvantages, take advantage of, advantages, disadvantages4. persuade vt.說服，勸說；使相信，使信服 （教材

7、原句）Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one.兩年前，她買了一輛昂貴的山地自行車，然后還說服我買了一輛（山地車）。勸服某人做某事 persuade sb. to do sth/ persuade sb. into doing sth勸服某人不做某事 persuade sb. not to do sth./ persuade sb. out of doing sth盡力勸某人做某事 try to persuade sb. to do sth./advise s

8、b. to do sth. 使某人相信. persuade sb. of sth./that.語(yǔ)法填空（1）Dont let yourself_ (persuade) into buying things you dont want.【答案】be persuaded 【解析】persuade sb. into doing sth.“說服某人做某事”，此處用的是該結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)形式。（2）Mother tried to persuade him_ (study) hard, but it didnt seem to help.【誤區(qū)警示】persuade表示“說服”，強(qiáng)調(diào)說服的結(jié)果；advise表示

9、“勸說，建議”，對(duì)方不一定接受，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作?！皠裾f不一定有效果”應(yīng)表述為：try to persuade sb. to do sth./advise sb. to do sth.Ive persuaded him to give up smoking by advising him many times.通過多次勸告，我說服了他戒煙。學(xué)%5.graduate vi.畢業(yè) n.大學(xué)畢業(yè)生（教材原句）After graduation from college, we finally got the chance to take a bike trip.大學(xué)畢業(yè)后我們終于有機(jī)會(huì)騎自行車旅行。gradu

10、ate from 從畢業(yè)graduate in 畢業(yè)于專業(yè)graduation n.畢業(yè)after graduation from. 從畢業(yè)之后語(yǔ)法填空（1）They are the_ (graduate) who graduated_ Wuhan University and now are playing an important part in our company.他們是畢業(yè)于武漢大學(xué)的畢業(yè)生，和現(xiàn)在在我們公司起重要作用（2）Daming graduated_ physics_ Cambridge University.大明畢業(yè)于劍橋大學(xué)物理系專業(yè)（3）After_ (graduat

11、e) she reached a point in her career where she needed to decide what to do.畢業(yè)后，她的事業(yè)達(dá)到了需要決定做什么的階段【誤區(qū)警示】graduate是瞬間動(dòng)詞，不能與段時(shí)間連用。6.determined adj.堅(jiān)決的，有決心的，堅(jiān)定的 （教材原句）She gave me a determined lookthe kind that said she would not change her mind.她給了我一個(gè)堅(jiān)定的眼神那種眼神表明她是不會(huì)改變主意的。be determined to do sth. 決心做某事 be

12、determined that 決定.determined voice/ man/ look/ attitude 堅(jiān)定的聲音/人/眼神/態(tài)度determine vt.決定；確定；下定決心 determine to do sth.決定做某事. determine sb. to do使某人下定決心做.determine that決定determine on/upon sth 作出.決定determination n.決心，決定（1）I am (determine) win the game.我決心贏得這場(chǎng)比賽 （2）Our government has (determine) the univer

13、sal twochild policy.我們政府已決定執(zhí)行“全面二孩政策”。（3）He has (determine) an early start tomorrow.他決定明天一早動(dòng)身。【誤區(qū)警示】determine to do sth.和 be determined to do sth.都表示決心做某事，但是前者強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，后者說明一種狀態(tài)，表示已經(jīng)下定決心。determine是短暫性動(dòng)詞，不能與表示段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用；be determined表示狀態(tài)，為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，可與表示段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用?！練w納補(bǔ)充】make up ones mind to do sth.下決心做某事make/tak

14、e a decision作出決定 decide to do sth.決定做某事7. attitude n態(tài)度；看法An attitude is what a person thinks about something.態(tài)度是一個(gè)人對(duì)某件事情的想法。attitude to/towards 對(duì)的看法/態(tài)度an attitude of mind 心態(tài)問題Being rich or poor is simply an attitude of mind.貧富僅僅是心態(tài)問題。 (形近詞) altitude n. 海拔高度；高處完成句子（1）Tell me_ (你對(duì)的態(tài)度)health insurance.

15、告訴我你對(duì)健康保險(xiǎn)的態(tài)度。（2）How to face failure in exams is_ (心態(tài)問題)如何面對(duì)考試中的失敗是心態(tài)問題（3）Peoples_ the matter are different.人們對(duì)這個(gè)問題的看法是不同的?！敬鸢浮浚?）your attitude to/towards （2）an attitude of mind （3）attitudes towards/to8.schedule n.時(shí)間表；進(jìn)度表 vt.安排；為安排時(shí)間。ahead of schedule(ahead of time)提前on schedule 按時(shí)間表；準(zhǔn)時(shí)fall behind sc

16、hedule 進(jìn)度落后(sb.) be scheduled to do. (某人)預(yù)定做be scheduled for.安排在The interview is scheduled for 4：00 p. m. tomorrow.【名師點(diǎn)津】表示“日程緊，日程安排滿”時(shí)，常用busy以及tight修飾名詞schedule。Weve got a busy schedule next week.我們下星期的日程安排得很滿。My schedule is very tight at present.目前我的日程很緊。（1）The operation on the old man will be car

17、ried out_ (按預(yù)定計(jì)劃)（2）The boss said that the project must be completed _ (提前)（3）The meeting_ (預(yù)定在星期四召開)（4）Our guests_ (預(yù)計(jì)到達(dá)) at 730 in the evening.（5）(浙江高考)_ (我的日程安排很緊) right now, but Ill try to fit you in. 9. organize vt.組織，籌備；安排，處理；建立，成立（聯(lián)盟、政黨等）（教材原句）Although she didnt know the best way of getting t

18、o places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly.雖然她對(duì)去某些地方的最佳路線并不清楚，她卻堅(jiān)持要自己把這次旅游安排得盡善盡美。organize a meeting/party/trip組織/籌備會(huì)議/聚會(huì)/旅行organize sb. (into sth.)阻止某人（成.）【歸納拓展】organized adj.有組織的，有秩序的 organization n.組織，機(jī)構(gòu)；組織工作organizer n.組織者，創(chuàng)辦者用organize的適當(dāng)形式填空The Red Cross is an_， whose_ _ it in o

19、rder to help people in trouble. So its work is always well_.紅十字會(huì)是一個(gè)組織，它的組織者成立這個(gè)組織是為了幫助困難中的人們。因此它的工作總是很有序的。10.insist v.堅(jiān)決主張，堅(jiān)決要求；堅(jiān)稱，堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為insist on/upon sth./doing sth. 堅(jiān)持某事/做某事insist that. 堅(jiān)持.【誤區(qū)警示】insist后接that從句時(shí)，有兩種情況：表示“堅(jiān)持主張，堅(jiān)決要求”時(shí)，從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“should+動(dòng)原”，should可以省略。表示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，堅(jiān)稱”時(shí)，從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣。He in

20、sisted that the boy had stolen his wallet and (should) be sent to prison.他堅(jiān)持說那個(gè)男孩偷了她的錢包應(yīng)該被送進(jìn)監(jiān)獄。完成句子The engineer_ having his plan carried out.工程師堅(jiān)決要求執(zhí)行他的計(jì)劃。I insisted that she_ with you.我堅(jiān)決要求她跟你走。Madame Curie insisted that there_ something in nature that gave out radiation.居里夫人堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為自然界中有物質(zhì)能釋放出射線。【答案】（

21、1）insisted on （2）(should) go （3）was11.reliable adj.可信賴的；可靠的She is very reliable and I knew I didnt need to encourage her.她很可靠，我知道我用不著給她鼓勁兒?！練w納拓展】rely v.信任，信賴；依賴，依靠rely ondepend on相信；依賴；信賴相信You may rely on it that she wont be late.你可以放心，她不會(huì)遲到的。I rely on him because he is reliable.我依靠他是因?yàn)樗芸煽??！厩蓪W(xué)助記】I

22、rely on him because he is reliable.我依靠他是因?yàn)樗芸煽?。完成句子?）We all think of him as_ (一個(gè)值得信賴的人)（2）You can_ (相信) Peter would like to accept the suggestion.【答案】（1）a reliable person （2）rely on it that 語(yǔ)法單句填空（3）John is very_ (rely)，if he promises to do something hell do it.12.view n.風(fēng)景；視野；觀點(diǎn)；見解 vt.觀看；注視；考慮n.(從

23、某處看到的)景色，風(fēng)景The view from the top of the mountain is wonderful.從山頂遠(yuǎn)眺，景色很美。n.視野，視域，視線The plane soon went out of view.那架飛機(jī)很快從視野中消失了。n.(個(gè)人的)觀點(diǎn)，看法，見解，態(tài)度(多用復(fù)數(shù)形式)In my view it was a waste of time.依我看這是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。Whats your view on school punishment?你對(duì)學(xué)校的處罰有什么看法？vt.觀看；注視；考慮People came from all over the world to v

24、iew her paintings.人們從世界各地涌來欣賞她的油畫。We can view the problems in many ways.【巧學(xué)助記】【歸納拓展】in ones view/opinion 在某人看來in view of 鑒于，考慮到out of view 看不見，在視野之外have a good view of對(duì)一覽無(wú)余come into view 進(jìn)入視野，被看見完成句子（1）_ (鑒于) the fact that the journey would begin at an altitude of more than 5,000 metres, she changed

25、 her mind at last.鑒于這次旅行將在海拔5000米以上的地方開始，她終于改變了主意。（2）They_ (對(duì)有不同的觀點(diǎn)) the mans real identity.他們對(duì)這個(gè)人的真實(shí)身份有不同的觀點(diǎn)。（3）_ (在我看來), she did care about her parents.在我看來，她確實(shí)關(guān)心她的父母。（4）Finally, the famous temple_ (映入眼簾)最后，著名的廟宇映入眼簾。（5）One of the advantages of living on the top floor of a high building is that yo

26、u can _ (看到好風(fēng)景)住在高層建筑頂層的優(yōu)點(diǎn)之一是你可以看到好風(fēng)景。（6）From the tall building, you can_ (對(duì)一覽無(wú)余) the whole city.從高樓上，你可以對(duì)整個(gè)城市一覽無(wú)余。【易混辨析】view常指從遠(yuǎn)處或高處或某個(gè)特定的角度看到的景象scenery是不可數(shù)名詞，指某地總的自然風(fēng)景或景色，尤指鄉(xiāng)間景色scene指展現(xiàn)在眼前的情景，也可以指scenery的一部分，大多包括景物中的人及活動(dòng)在內(nèi)。還可以表示“現(xiàn)場(chǎng)；場(chǎng)面”等sight既可以指場(chǎng)景、眼前看到的景觀，又可以指名勝，表示“名勝”時(shí)，要用復(fù)數(shù)形式【巧學(xué)助記】形象記憶“風(fēng)景”與“場(chǎng)景”四單

27、詞用view, sight, scene或scenery填空（1）Well see the_ of Paris tomorrow. 我們明天游覽巴黎的名勝。（2）We were happy to see the_ of the children playing games happily.我們很高興看到孩子們開心地玩游戲的場(chǎng)面。（3）The beautiful_ in the mountain attracted all of us. 山上美麗的景色吸引了我們所有人。（4）You can get a good_ of the town from the top of the hill.從山頂上

28、你可以一覽無(wú)余地看到這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)的景象。13. beneath prep. 在下面As I lay beneath the stars I thought about how far we had already travelled.當(dāng)我躺在星空下，我想著我們已經(jīng)走了多遠(yuǎn)。They sheltered beneath their umbrellas, for it was raining.他們躲到了傘下，因?yàn)樘煸谙掠?。Richard is far beneath Henry in intelligence.理查德的智力遠(yuǎn)不及亨利?！疽谆毂嫖觥縝eneath在下面，指兩者接觸，與on相對(duì)below不

29、強(qiáng)調(diào)在正下方，與above相對(duì)under強(qiáng)調(diào)在正下方，與over相對(duì)【巧學(xué)助記】一圖巧析位置介詞選詞填空(below/beneath/under)（1）There is a box buried_ a pile of leaves.在一堆樹葉下面埋著一個(gè)盒子。（2）The passengers who fell seasick stayed_. 暈船的乘客待在下面。（3）She sat in the shade_ a tree to have a rest. 她坐在樹蔭下休息。二、核心短語(yǔ)回顧1. be fond of 喜愛，喜歡(like very much)She is fond of a

30、nimals of all kinds, such as the dog, the cat and the snake.她喜歡各種各樣的動(dòng)物，例如狗、貓和蛇。More and more young people are fond of cycling to work.越來越多的年輕人喜歡騎自行車去上班?！疽谆毂嫖觥縝e fond of“喜愛”，對(duì)象為人或物。還可以指“溺愛”Although she is very stubborn, we are all very fond of her.雖然她很固執(zhí)，但我們都很喜歡她。enjoy“喜歡”“欣賞”，指從某事中獲得樂趣The old man en

31、joys walking the dog after supper.這位老人喜歡晚飯后遛狗。prefer“更喜歡”，指在兩者中比較喜歡其中的一個(gè)I prefer jazz to rock music.我喜歡爵士樂勝過搖滾樂。like“喜歡”，側(cè)重指性格和習(xí)慣上的愛好I like making a journey.我喜歡去旅行。完成句子Since people_ (喜歡幽默)，it is as welcome in conversation as anywhere else.因?yàn)槿藗兿矚g幽默，所以在談話中和其他地方一樣受歡迎。2. care about關(guān)心，在乎關(guān)心He genuinely ca

32、res about his employees.他真誠(chéng)地關(guān)心他的雇員。在乎(常用于否定句和疑問句中)I dont care about what he says and does.他說什么，做什么，我都不在乎?！練w納拓展】care for照看；關(guān)心；喜愛；想要take care注意；當(dāng)心take care of 照顧；負(fù)責(zé)with care當(dāng)心；仔細(xì)地用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空（1）He made the choice to go back home from his workplace to care_/take care_ his elderly parents.他決定從工作場(chǎng)所回到家里照顧年邁的父

33、母。（2）Most of the students in this class dont seem to care_ their failure in the exam.這個(gè)班上的大多數(shù)學(xué)生似乎都不在乎他們考試不及格。（3）She took the beautiful vase_ great care.她小心翼翼地接過那只漂亮的花瓶。3. make up ones mind下決心；決定Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.她一旦下了決心，什么也不能使她改變。We have made up our minds to finish

34、 the work before dark.我們決心在天黑前完成工作?！久麕燑c(diǎn)津】在短語(yǔ)make up ones mind中，mind的單復(fù)數(shù)要隨其前ones的單復(fù)數(shù)而變化。【歸納拓展】change ones mind 改變主意keep/bear/have. in mind 記??；牢記在心頭speak ones mind 直言不諱 read ones mind 看出某人的心思用mind的適當(dāng)短語(yǔ)填空（1）They have_ to take part.他們已經(jīng)決定參加。（2）Dont worry. Im just going to_.別擔(dān)心。我正打算改變主意。（3）You must_ thes

35、e exams will affect your final result.你必須記住，這些考試會(huì)影響到你的最后成績(jī)?！敬鸢浮浚?）made up their minds （2）change my mind （3）keep/bear/have it in mind that4. give in讓步，屈服，投降；上交讓步，屈服，投降I had to give in to my wife at last.我最終只好向妻子妥協(xié)了。(2)上交The children were required to give in their examination papers straight away.孩子們被

36、要求馬上交試卷?！菊`區(qū)警示】give in作“上交”講時(shí)，是及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，后接代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，代詞放在give與in之間；作“讓步，投降”講時(shí)，是不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，表示“向讓步/投降”時(shí)，用give in to?！疽谆毂嫖觥縢ive in“屈服”“讓步”，表示“向屈服”時(shí)要加介詞toHe had to give in to my views.他只好順從了我的意見。give up“放棄”，表示“放棄做某事”時(shí)后用doing，相當(dāng)于stop doingHe never gave up learning English though it was hard.盡管英語(yǔ)難學(xué)，但他從未放棄學(xué)英語(yǔ)。完成句子（1

37、）As neither of us would_ (讓步)，the bargain(協(xié)議) came to nothing.由于我們都不讓步，協(xié)議落空了。（2）Every time his son cries for something, he_ (向他讓步)每次他的兒子哭的時(shí)候，他向他讓步。（3）Please_ (按照預(yù)定時(shí)間交作業(yè))!請(qǐng)按照預(yù)定時(shí)間交作業(yè)。（4）A determined person will never give_ halfway.有決心的人決不會(huì)半途而廢。5. ever since 自從；自以后I havent heard from him ever since he

38、graduated last year.自去年他畢業(yè)以來，我就未曾收到過他的信。Ever since they moved to this apartment , Mary and Alice have been good partners.自從她們搬到這間公寓以來，瑪麗和艾麗斯一直是很好的伙伴。【誤區(qū)警示】ever since引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，句子或主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，ever since所引導(dǎo)的從句用一般過去時(shí)。ever在since之前起加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣的作用。since作介詞時(shí)，只接時(shí)間點(diǎn)，不接時(shí)間段。非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的肯定式一般不與since等表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。完成句子（1）_ (自我從畢業(yè)以來) Beijing University, I have been working in this big company.自我從北京大學(xué)畢業(yè)以來，我就一直在這個(gè)大公司工作。（2）Ever since I went to senior high school,_ (我夢(mèng)想著上清華大學(xué))自從我上高中以來，我夢(mèng)想著上清華大學(xué)。 6. as usual 照常As usual we went to work this weekend.本周末我們照常去工作了。【歸納拓展】than usual比以往as