過去完成時(shí)詳細(xì)講解

1、會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)1過去完成時(shí)詳細(xì)講解過去完成時(shí)詳細(xì)講解第1頁/共39頁The present perfect tense（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）Have / has + the past participleI have received a letter from Lily recently.Has he handed in her homework yet?He has just gone to Beijing.They have never been to the USA.We have lived here for ten years.第2頁/共39頁former action later

2、action later action former action former action later action 第3頁/共39頁becausebecausebecauseMillie ran back to school because she had left her magazine in the classroom. Simon left school late because the football game had started late. Daniel arrived out of breath because he had gone to the wrong cin

3、ema. 第4頁/共39頁becausebecausebecauseMillie ran back to school because she had left her magazine in the classroom. Simon left school late because the football game had started late. Daniel arrived out of breath because he had gone to the wrong cinema. 第5頁/共39頁afterwhenbeforeAmy went to the police stati

4、on after she had lost her purse.The program had been on for half an hour when I got home. She had learnt many English words before she came to our school. 第6頁/共39頁Mr. Green got up at 6:30 a.m. Mrs. Green got ready for the breakfast before 6:30 a.m.Mrs. Green had got ready for the breakfast when Mr.

5、Green got up at 6:30 a.m. 第7頁/共39頁Jim finished his homework at 7:00p.m.Mr. Green drove back home at 7:30 p.m.Jim had finished his homework when his father drove back last night.第8頁/共39頁Sara finished her computer work at 12:00 p.m.Jim went to sleep at 10:00 p.m.Jim had gone to sleep when Sara finishe

6、d her computer work.第9頁/共39頁past perfect tense（過去完成時(shí)）（過去完成時(shí)）由由had +過去分詞過去分詞構(gòu)成構(gòu)成 表示過去的過去生的動(dòng)作表示過去的過去生的動(dòng)作 構(gòu)成方式構(gòu)成方式:肯定句肯定句: had+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞動(dòng)詞的過去分詞 否定句否定句: had not+ 過去分詞過去分詞一般疑問句一般疑問句:had+ 主語主語+ 過去分詞過去分詞肯定回答肯定回答: Yes, 主語主語+ had. 否定回答否定回答: No, 主語主語+ hadnt.第10頁/共39頁基本用法基本用法:1. 1. 過去完成時(shí)表示在過去某時(shí)或某個(gè)動(dòng)作之過去完成時(shí)表示在過去某時(shí)

7、或某個(gè)動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)或表示經(jīng)歷或經(jīng)驗(yàn)前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)或表示經(jīng)歷或經(jīng)驗(yàn). .(1) 我說自從你搬到這兒以來媽媽一直為你的懶惰我說自從你搬到這兒以來媽媽一直為你的懶惰 而生氣而生氣.辨別：辨別：自從你搬到這兒以來媽媽一直為你的懶惰而生氣自從你搬到這兒以來媽媽一直為你的懶惰而生氣.I said mother had been angry about your laziness since we moved here.Mother has been angry about your laziness since we moved here.第11頁/共39頁The film h

8、ad begun before we got to the cinema.(2) 我到達(dá)電影院之前電影早已經(jīng)開始了我到達(dá)電影院之前電影早已經(jīng)開始了.第12頁/共39頁2. 2. 過去完成時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)間以前開始一直過去完成時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)間以前開始一直延續(xù)到那個(gè)時(shí)間并可能延續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作。常和延續(xù)到那個(gè)時(shí)間并可能延續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作。常和byby或或since, forsince, for引導(dǎo)的表時(shí)間的從句或短語連用引導(dǎo)的表時(shí)間的從句或短語連用, ,但必須要與一個(gè)表示過去時(shí)的動(dòng)作相對(duì)照但必須要與一個(gè)表示過去時(shí)的動(dòng)作相對(duì)照. .1) 1) 他來我們學(xué)校之前已經(jīng)在那所學(xué)校工作了三年。他來我們學(xué)校之前已經(jīng)

9、在那所學(xué)校工作了三年。辨別：辨別：他已經(jīng)在那所學(xué)校工作了三年。他已經(jīng)在那所學(xué)校工作了三年。He had worked in that school for three years before he came to our school.He has worked in that school for three years第13頁/共39頁我到達(dá)電影院之前電影早已經(jīng)開始了我到達(dá)電影院之前電影早已經(jīng)開始了.The film had begun before we got to the cinema.2 2） 當(dāng)當(dāng)MillieMillie到達(dá)電影院的時(shí)候到達(dá)電影院的時(shí)候, , 電影已經(jīng)開始電影已

10、經(jīng)開始了半個(gè)小時(shí)了了半個(gè)小時(shí)了. .The film had already been on for half an hour when Millie got to the cinema.第14頁/共39頁3）到到2005年，我在這工作已經(jīng)五年了。年，我在這工作已經(jīng)五年了。試比較：試比較：By the year 2005, I had worked here for 5years.我在這工作已經(jīng)五年了。我在這工作已經(jīng)五年了。I have worked here for 5 years.到目前為止，我在這工作已經(jīng)五年了。到目前為止，我在這工作已經(jīng)五年了。By now, I have worked

11、 here for 5 years.到上學(xué)期末為止，我在這工作已經(jīng)五年了。到上學(xué)期末為止，我在這工作已經(jīng)五年了。By the end of last term , I had worked here for 5 years.到下學(xué)期末，我將完成學(xué)業(yè)。到下學(xué)期末，我將完成學(xué)業(yè)。By the end of next term, I will finish school.第15頁/共39頁3. 3. 過去完成時(shí)表示在某一動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完過去完成時(shí)表示在某一動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作成的動(dòng)作. . 過去的時(shí)間由過去的時(shí)間由before, after, before, after, whenwhen引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間

12、從句表示出來引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間從句表示出來. .1. 1. 我在你回來之前就已經(jīng)把晚飯準(zhǔn)備好了我在你回來之前就已經(jīng)把晚飯準(zhǔn)備好了. .2. 2. 當(dāng)我趕到學(xué)校時(shí)當(dāng)我趕到學(xué)校時(shí), , 已經(jīng)開始上課了已經(jīng)開始上課了. .3. 3. 在我到家之前他已經(jīng)走了在我到家之前他已經(jīng)走了. .I had finished cooking dinner before you came back.The class had begun when I got to school.He had left before I got home.第16頁/共39頁I had finished cooking dinner when

13、 you came back.1. 1. 你回來的時(shí)候，我已經(jīng)把晚飯做好了你回來的時(shí)候，我已經(jīng)把晚飯做好了. .辨別：辨別： 你回來的時(shí)候，我正在做晚飯你回來的時(shí)候，我正在做晚飯. .所所以沒時(shí)間和你聊天。以沒時(shí)間和你聊天。I was cooking dinner when you came back. So I had no time to talk with you.第17頁/共39頁2. 2. 在我到家之前，他已經(jīng)走了。在我到家之前，他已經(jīng)走了。He had left before I arrived home.He was getting ready to leave when I a

14、rrived home.辨別：辨別：當(dāng)我到家的時(shí)候，他正準(zhǔn)備離開。當(dāng)我到家的時(shí)候，他正準(zhǔn)備離開。第18頁/共39頁4.4.在在told, said, knew, heard, thoughttold, said, knew, heard, thought等等動(dòng)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，一般用過去完成動(dòng)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，一般用過去完成時(shí)。時(shí)。1. 1. 她說她從來沒有去過巴黎。她說她從來沒有去過巴黎。She said (that) she had never been to Paris.2. 2. 我覺得我以前見過他。我覺得我以前見過他。I thought that I had seen him b

15、efore.3. Tom3. Tom說他借了這本書兩周了。說他借了這本書兩周了。Tom said he had borrowed the book for 2 weeks.kept第19頁/共39頁第20頁/共39頁第21頁/共39頁過去完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別過去完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去, , 但側(cè)重對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生但側(cè)重對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或造成的影響的結(jié)果或造成的影響, ,與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)與現(xiàn)在有關(guān). . 其結(jié)構(gòu)是其結(jié)構(gòu)是have/has+have/has+過去分詞過去分詞; ; 過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)則是一個(gè)相對(duì)的時(shí)態(tài)則是一個(gè)相對(duì)的時(shí)態(tài), ,

16、它所表示它所表示的動(dòng)作不僅發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作不僅發(fā)生在過去, ,更強(qiáng)調(diào)更強(qiáng)調(diào)”過去的過去過去的過去”, ,只有和只有和過去的某時(shí)或某動(dòng)作相比較時(shí)過去的某時(shí)或某動(dòng)作相比較時(shí), ,才用到它才用到它. . 到目前為止我已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了到目前為止我已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了30003000個(gè)單詞個(gè)單詞. .到那時(shí)我已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了到那時(shí)我已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了30003000個(gè)英語單詞個(gè)英語單詞. .I I have learnedhave learned 3000 English words 3000 English words so far / till so far / till now.now. I I had learnedhad

17、learned 3000 English words 3000 English words till then.till then. 第22頁/共39頁第23頁/共39頁I had finished my homework before my mother came back.在媽媽回來前，我已經(jīng)把作業(yè)寫完了。在媽媽回來前，我已經(jīng)把作業(yè)寫完了。第24頁/共39頁第25頁/共39頁總結(jié)：總結(jié)：1 兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都發(fā)生在過去，但有先后順序。比較明顯的時(shí)間詞兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都發(fā)生在過去，但有先后順序。比較明顯的時(shí)間詞是是when, before, after. 注意注意when引導(dǎo)的過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。引導(dǎo)的過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。

18、2 by, till, up to引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間 by the end of last term, last month 過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí) next term, this term 一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí) by now 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)3 句子中出現(xiàn)句子中出現(xiàn)for, since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間，必須有引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間，必須有he said, he told me, he knew等一般過去時(shí)作為參照，才能使用過去完成時(shí)。等一般過去時(shí)作為參照，才能使用過去完成時(shí)。4 語境題。要根據(jù)前后句意來判斷。語境題。要根據(jù)前后句意來判斷。He didnt go with me, because he ha

19、d been there before.第26頁/共39頁一次性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的替換一次性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的替換begin, start (表上映表上映) = be on , begin, start to do = doend, finish = be over open = be openclose = be closed, buy = haveborrow = keep, died = be deadleave(sw) = be away (from sw)get to know = know, come,go = be join = be in, be a member of arr

20、ive, get, reach = bebecome interested in = be interested intake a walk / rest = have a walk / restreceive/ get a letter from sb , hear from = have a letter from sb第27頁/共39頁More practiceWhen I arrived there, they_(leave) already.The film_(start),when we got to the cinema.I _(read) the book before I s

21、tarted school.They thought that they_(try) their best.The poor girl never saw her grandpa because he _ (pass away) before she was born.I _ (not realize) she wasnt Chinese until she spoke.He _ (not see) the film yesterday, because he _ (see) it already before.had lefthad startedhad readhad triedhad p

22、assed awayhadnt realized didnt seehad seen第28頁/共39頁選擇填空( )1.- “Did you see Tom at the party?”-“No, Mary told me that he _ by the time I got there.” A. left B. was leaving C. had left D. has left( )2. He said that he _ his lunch yet. A. hadnt had B. hasnt had C. wouldnt have D. was having( )3. By the

23、 end of last year we _ each other for ten years. A. have known B. knew C. were knowing D. had known( )4. I saw Li Lei yesterday. We hadnt seen each other _ I left Beijing. A. after B. before C. since D. until cA D c第29頁/共39頁( )6. I learned_ the city for a long time.A.she has been in B. she has gone

24、to C. she had been in D. she had gone to( )7. He said that he _ a cold for three days.A. has B. had caught C. had had D. has got( )8. I saw Kate with a new radio in her hand yesterday, but she told me she_the radio for ten days.A.has bought B. had bought C. has had D. had had ccD 第30頁/共39頁A B 第31頁/共

25、39頁More practice:1. He told me he _(meet) her before.2. She thanked me for what I _(do) for her son.3. I _(learn) 300 words by the end of last month.4. He _(leave) his office when I arrived there.5. She _(visit) the city three times before she died in 1997.6. They knew she _(borrow) a lot of money f

26、or her daughter.7. Great changes _(take) place in my hometown since 1996.8. He _(live) in Beijing since he was born.9. He told me he _(live) in Beijing since he was born.had methad donehad learnthad lefthad visitedhad borrowedhave takenhas livedhad lived第32頁/共39頁1. 1. 他來我們學(xué)校之前已經(jīng)在那所學(xué)校工作了三年他來我們學(xué)校之前已經(jīng)在

27、那所學(xué)校工作了三年. .2. 2. 當(dāng)當(dāng)MillieMillie到達(dá)電影院的時(shí)候到達(dá)電影院的時(shí)候, , 電影已經(jīng)開始了半個(gè)小時(shí)了電影已經(jīng)開始了半個(gè)小時(shí)了. .3. 3. 自從他離開南京我們就一直沒有見過面自從他離開南京我們就一直沒有見過面. . He had worked in that school for three years before he came to our school.The film had already been on for half an hour when Millie got to the cinema.We havent seen each other s

28、ince he left Nanjing.4. 4. 到上學(xué)期末到上學(xué)期末, ,我們已經(jīng)學(xué)歷我們已經(jīng)學(xué)歷40004000多個(gè)單詞多個(gè)單詞. .By the end of last term, we had learnt over 4,000 words.第33頁/共39頁5. 5. 我們完成這項(xiàng)工作比預(yù)料中的時(shí)間要早的多我們完成這項(xiàng)工作比預(yù)料中的時(shí)間要早的多. .6. 6. 貝爾在貝爾在3030歲前發(fā)明了電話歲前發(fā)明了電話. . We finished the work much earlier than we had expected.Bell had invented the telephone before he was 30.The young couple had lived here for three years before he move