CultivatingAHobby教案

1、(print only: P1-P14)Unit ElevenText I:Cultivating A HobbyWinston ChurchillPre-reading Brainstorming:1. What is your hobby? How do you develop your hobby?2. What are functions of hobbies in general?Teaching objectives1. To use metaphorical language in exposition.2. To use synonymous expressions that

2、add to the vividness and effectiveness of exposition.3. To appreciate Churchills style of writing, focusing on parallelisms in particular.Notes1. Hobbies, broadly defined, are constructive spare-time activities that may have a variety of goals: pleasure, relaxation, therapy, self-improvement, and ma

3、king new friends and social contacts. They generally fall into one of two categories: collecting (such items as stamps or coins) and creating (such activities as model making and painting). Hobbies offer a change from daily routines. Hobbies are of many various kinds, for example:1. collecting stamp

4、s, coins, rocks, seashells, butterflies, books, autographs, postcards, chinaware, antiques, and many other things;2. making model cars, ships, planes, railway cars. etc.;hobbies such as gardening, cooking, woodworking, making furniture, decorating, etc.;4. photography; 5. needlework and knitting;6.

5、writing poetry, prose, fiction, etc.;7. painting and sculpture. There are also hundreds of other interesting leisure-time activities.8. Sir Winston Churchill was a distinguished amateur painter. "He was the first concededly amateur artist ever to have a retrospective show of his own at New York

6、 City's Metropolitan Museum of Art. As an amateur's show, it was accorded a most favourable and enthusiastic reception; by professional standards, it would not have been as graciously received.”(from: Encyclopedia Britannica , 15th ad. , 1984, v. 8, p. 974) "Churchill took up painting i

7、n 1915, and he devoted much of his leisure in his later years to this favourite hobby of his. 'If it weren't for painting,' he said, 'I couldn't bear the strain of things. 'His works were featured by the Royal Academy of Arts. He was also an amateur mason, held a bricklayer&#

8、39;s union card, and personally built the kitchen-garden wall at Chartwell, his estate in Kent." (from: Merit Students Encyclopedia, 1980 ad. , v. 4, p. 490.)About Winston Churchill (1874- 1965)1) A public man having a most colorful political career: early career: been a solider, war time corre

9、spondent at 27, (in 1901) served as Conservative MP office held including:a. President of theBoard of Trade(商務部長)b. Home Secretary (內(nèi)政部長)c. First Lord of the Admiralty 英國海軍大臣d. (1922-24) Chancellor of the Exchequer (財政部長)(for a decade between late 1920' so 1940' )s became a political outcast

10、, not holding any office (The Conservative government failed to cope with the economic crisis and lost power in 1929.)(On the outbreak of World War II) returned to public life, served as the First Lord of the Admiralty(1940-1945) served as the Prime Minister首相，as War leader, becoming a symbol of Bri

11、tish resistance in the darkest days of the conflict, fighting as the Nazism (He warned the British government against the threat of German military expansion.) defeated in the General Election of 1945 (ironically) returned to office in 1951finally resigned at the age of 80 in 19552) A man of versati

12、le talentsa powerful orator , Passage B, one of his speech) man of letter (awarded Nobel Prize for literature in 1953) an amateur painter (paintings were displayed in the galleries of the Royal Academy of Arts in 1958 he was awarded the "for his mastery of historical and biographical descriptio

13、n as well as for brilliant oratory in defending exalted human values".Main Idea :Churchill's concern in this essay is the role hobbies play in relaxing the mind of rational, industrious, and useful human beingsPurpose of writing and Tone :To bring home to the reader the importance of cultiv

14、ating a rightly chosen hobby.3) Organization and Development :Introduction : (P1-2)Development: (P3-5)Organization of the text by XUSection 1 (para. 1-2): Raising the topic: explaining what worry is and the importance of a hobby in attenuating worryPara. 1: explain the notion of worry", but som

15、ething else is implied by insinuate something else into its convulsive grasp' and illumination of another field of interest"Para. 2: thesis statement: The cultivation of a hobby and new forms of interest is therefore a policy of first importance to a public man”.Section 2 (para. 3-5): Class

16、ifying human beings into three categories and emphasizing the importance of hobbies to themPara. 3: the classification of human beings into three classes: those who are toiled to death; those who are worried to death; and those who are bored to death.Para. 4: For the unfortunate people who can comma

17、nd everything they want, the most hopeful path is discipline in one form or another.Para. 5: the classification of rational, industrious, useful human beings into two classes and the need of hobbies to them: those whose word is work and whose pleasure is pleasure, and those whose work and pleasure a

18、re one.ORGANIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT in TBChurchill's concern in this essay is the role hobbies play in relaxing the mind of rational, industrious, useful human beings.To explain how a hobby works , he first of all explains what worry really is. Although here the word "hobby" is not men

19、tioned at all, there are other expressionsthat are used to refer to hobby and show the way a rightly chosen hobby works to attenuateworry, e. g. "insinuate something else into its convulsive grasp," "illumination of another field of interest."The classification in paras. 3 and 4

20、i s the division of human beings into three classes: those who are toiled to death, those who are worried to death, and those who are bored to death. The other classification is the division of rational, industrious, useful human beings into two classes: those whose work is work and whose pleasure i

21、s pleasure; and those whose work and pleasure are one. The two classifications are related in that in the second classification, the third category of human beings in the first classification, ., those who are bored to death, is excluded. Obviously, in Churchill's opinion these cannot be justifi

22、ably regarded as rational, industrious, useful human beings, and in their caseno hobby can help to relieve their boredom.Hobby is good only for those rational, industrious, useful human beings, no matter whether they regard work and pleasure as one or as separate. But Churchill emphasizes that hobby

23、 is all the more necessary for those who integrates work and pleasure. These are people who need more than anyone else an alternative outlook, a change of atmosphere. Comprehension Questions :1. While worry “ is defined as a “ spasm of emotion “ in the first sentence of the passage,what other phrase

24、s are used in the first paragraph to refer to this annoying state of the mind?-"its (the mind's) convulsive grasp", "the (old) undue grip" 2. What does the word attend ed“ on line 5 mean?-accompanied3. Metaphor in describe the cultivation of a hobby-the last sentence - "

25、The seeds must be carefully chosen . . . when needed."The cultivation of a hobby is compared to that of a plant. First of all, the right hobby (the seed of a plant) must be carefully chosen for a person (good ground); then the process of cultivating a hobby, like that of growing a plant, requir

26、es care and effort. Only in this way can one reap in due time the fruit of one's labour the relaxing effect of one's hobby.4. What kind of people do you think Churchill had in mind when he made the three-classes classification?1)"Those who are toiled to death" refers to manual labo

27、rers, blue-collar workers. (para. 3)2) "Those who are worried to death" refers to people who work with their brains,e. g., professionals, public men. (para. 3)3) "Those who are bored to death" refers to people who are not doing anything seriously, perhaps the leisured class. The

28、fourth paragraph refers particularly to this class of non-industrious and useless creatures.5. Why does Churchill classify as unfortunate those people who can command everything they want? Do you think he sympathizes with them?-These people are simply hopeless; nothing works to relieve them of their

29、 boredom.Churchill does not really feel sympathetic towards them. Note the phrase"avenging boredonT. He seems to think that this is what they deserve.6. What is the meaning of the word discipline ” “ on line 30?-Regularity, a more regularized way of life.7. Some of the simplest and most modern

30、form of pleasure?-Jogging, taking a walk, listening to music on the radio, watching TV, gardening.8. In what sense are the second class of people, ., those whose work and pleasure are one, “ Fortune ' s favored children ” ？-There is never a clash between work and pleasure. They are always happy

31、to work.9. How do you interpret the word“ grudge ” in para. 5?-accepted with great reluctance10. What does the word “it ” on line 43 refer to?-their work11. Identify the expressions in the last two sentences used to refer to the notion “ hobby ” .-an alternative outlook, a change of atmosphere, a di

32、version of effort, a means ofbanishing it (work) from their minds5) Difficult Sentences for paraphrasing1. The stronger the will, the more futile the task.-The more you attempt to shake off your worry, the harder it will be for you to get rid of it/have it off your mind.2. It is no use starting late

33、 in life to say: will take an interest in thisor that '(L. 15-16)-It is not a good idea to begin thinking of pursuing a hobby when you have already grown old.3. It is not use doing what you like; you have got to like what you do.-It is no good believing that you are in a position to enjoy at a m

34、oment's notice any pastime which happens to catch your fancy; pleasure comes from exerting one's talents in a hobby suited to one's circumstances.4. As for the unfortunate people who can command everything they want, who can gratify every caprice 反復無常，任性，怪想 and lay hands on almost every

35、object of desire-for them a new pleasure, a new excitement is only an additional satiation 使飽足, 飽食，飽滿，飽享的，厭膩的.-Since those very wealthy people can afford to get access to almost anything they may think of and to turn the most fanciful ideas into reality, there is nothing in this world that can inter

36、est or excite them any more. To them, a new pleasure, a new excitement may very often make them even more bored about life.5. Indeed, it may well be that those who work is their pleasure are those who most need the means of banishing it at interval from their minds.-In fact, it is probably those who

37、se work provides them with their enjoyment arc those who are most in need of periodic distractions from their work.Difficult Sentences for Translation (E-C):1. As for the unfortunate people who can command everything they want, who can gratify every caprice 反復無常，任性，怪想 and lay hands on almost every o

38、bject of desire-for them a new pleasure, a new excitement is only an additional satiation 使飽足,飽食，飽滿，飽享 的，厭膩的.2. In vain they rush frantically round from place to place, trying to escape from avenging boredom by mere clatter and motion. For them discipline in one form or another is the most hopeful p

39、ath.3. Indeed, it may well be that those who work is their pleasure are those who most need the means of banishing it at interval from their minds.Difficult Sentences for Translation (C-E):1 .他暗示John是肇事者的企圖是徒勞的His attempt at insinuating that John was the culprit犯人 turned out to be futile.2 .當他未能完成期望

40、他做的是時，他很善于臨時找個借口來為自己 開脫。He is very clever at improvising 臨時準備 excuses when he fails to do what is expected of him.3 .他此行去西藏可以滿足他想?yún)⒂^布達拉宮的愿望了His trip to Tibet will gratify his desire to see the Potala.4 .這個公司擁有雄厚的人力資源。This corporation commands 指揮，支配，博得，excellent human resources.5 .另外想個辦法去款待你的客人。不要老是請他

41、們看影視光碟。Think of an alternative way of entertaining your guests. Don't always show them VCDs.6 .沉溺于胡思亂想和心血來潮是有害的。It is harmful to indulge in whims whim 一時的興致，幻想，反復無常，怪念頭，奇想 and caprices反復無常，任，性，怪想.7 .不屬于你的東西不要作非分之想。Try not to lay your hands on anything that you are not entitled to .8 .他沒來參加競賽。很可能

42、他把這件事全部忘記了。He did not come to the competition. It may well be that he had forgotten all about it.7) Key Words and Expressions:1. spasm (L. 1)an involuntary muscular contraction; here, a sudden violent spell (of)2. futile (L. 3)ineffective, unsuccessful3. insinuate (L. 4)introduce (something) indirec

43、tly and subtly4. convulsive having a violent involuntary contraction, spasmodic (refer to 1)5. illumination enlightenment, edification6. recuperation getting back strength; getting free from worry7. improvise make or do without preparation, practice, sufficient material, etc.8. sedulously (L. 12)dil

44、igently, assiduously9. vivifying fruits results that give one relaxation/ refreshment10. command (L. 26) have within reach; be master of11. caprice sudden wish to have or do something; whim12. banish (L. 42) drive out; get rid of8) Key Language Points:1. futile -ineffective, unsuccessful. Example: A

45、ll his attempts to solve the problem were futile.2. attend - go with, accompany. Example:The delegates to the international conference were well-attended by bodyguards in casual clothes.3. improvise - do something offhand or without preparation. Example: He was asked to perform in the play at the la

46、st minute, so he had to improvise from time to time as he couldn't remember his lines.4. alternative mental interests - other interests of the mind alternative adj. - that may be had instead of another. Example: There is no alternative way of doing this. Our way is the only way.5. tend - take go

47、od care of, look after. Examples: The head nurse tended the patients with great care. The farmer tended his sheep with loving care.6. at hand - (rather formal use) near in time or place. Examples: He always keeps a dictionary at hand. The graduation day is at hand.7. command - have control of; be ma

48、ster of. Example: He commands a large sum of money.8. gratify every caprice - satisfy every whim; gratify : satisfy a desire, etc. Example: This set of encyclopedias will gratify her thirst for knowledge. caprice - a sudden wish to have or do something without any reason. Example: I hope your decisi

49、on to quit the job is just a caprice.9. lay one's hands on - manage to obtain. Example:He tries to lay his hands on everything that comes his way.-(formal word) the state of having too much of something that one gets tired of it. Example: Overindulgence in anything brings about satiation.in one

50、form or another - orderly and controlled way of behaving and acting in various forms-something received as a repayment for services, loss, injury, suffering, etc. Example:The fulfilment of a difficult task is the best form of compensation for your hard work.means of sustenance -the income to support

51、 themselves with food, drink, and other necessities of lifemeans - a method or way (of doing something), e. g. , means of instruction, means of transportation, means of communication diversion of effort - a change in one's attempt to do somethingdiversion - 1) something that turns one's atte

52、ntion to something else.Example:What he said was a diversion to the main point.2) something that amuses. Example:Diversions are many and varied in large cities.may well be that . - it is likely or possible that . . . Example:He didn't show up at the party. It may well be that he had no interest

53、in it.-dismiss, drive out.Example:Banish worries from your mind.Post reading Activities:Classroom discussion1. In what way is the cultivation of a hobby similar to the growing of a plant?2. Why is cultivation of hobbies most important to a public man''?3. In what senseare those whose work an

54、d pleasure are one afortune ' s favored children"?Unit ElevenText II:A Debt to DickensPearl S. BuckPre-reading Brainstorming :Do you owe any debt to any famous writers or other people that have influenced you a great deal?How did him / her influence you?Main Idea of the passage:Dickens'

55、 novels rendered (give her help or assistance) her an inestimable service when she was a lonely American child in a remote Chinese countryside.Structure of the passage:Introduction-I have to write to meet my obligation;Her living conditions and difficulties at that time;The hobby of reading Dickens

56、and benefit she obtained from it.Organization and development of the text by XUSection 1 (para. 1): Stating the writing purpose: to express a feeling of warm gratitude to Charles DickensSection 2 (para. 2-3): Explaining factors that contributed to her feeling of loneliness and alienationPara. 2: liv

57、ing environment of the seven-year-old childPara. 3: her feeling of being foreign, and her longing to know more about her own folkSection 3 (para. 4-7): Explaining how she had benefited from reading DickensPara. 4: an extraordinary accident - the discovery of Dickens' works and thus the discovery

58、 of her playmatesPara. 5: the discovery meant to that small, lonely child: she entered into her own heritage by reading DickensPara. 6-7: The reading program, which lasted for about ten years, has taught me a lot.1) Comprehension Questions:1. What were the factors that jointly made Buck a solitary g

59、irl in her childhood?-She lived in a remote part of the Chinese countryside. She was alien to the people around her, and they were alien to her. Her parents were too busy to pay any heed to her and she did not have any playmates.Intensely solitary (alien from her own culture, not accepted by the Chinese culture either)2. Why did Dickens ' nsvels appeal so much to Buck when she was a child?-In rea