名詞性從句教案

1、曲塘中學(xué)高一英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)學(xué)案 Book 3 Unit 1 The World of Our Senses 策劃：高一英語(yǔ)備課組 1 編寫：王菁華 顧佳顧婷王敏于玫瑰 名詞性從句 在復(fù)合句中起名詞作用的從句叫做名詞性從句。它包括主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ) 從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的有連接詞 that, whether和 if,關(guān)系代詞 who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever, whichever, whoever 以及關(guān)系畐 U 詞 when, where 禾口 how。 1. 主語(yǔ)從句(the subject clause ):在句子中作主語(yǔ)的從句叫主

2、語(yǔ)從句。 that 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句在 從句中不作任何句子成分，但不可以省略。 1) Which team will win the match is still not certain. Analysis: which 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，意思是： 哪個(gè)”，后面常接一個(gè)名詞。 Translation: 哪個(gè)隊(duì)將贏得比賽還不清楚。 2) Even today, where a person comes from will affect their style of speech. Analysis : _ Translation : _ 3) Whether she comes or not makes

3、 no differenee. Analysis : _ Translation : _ 4) It is certain that this process will continue, and people will keep inventing new words and new ways of say ing thin gs. Analysis:主語(yǔ)從句位于句首時(shí)，會(huì)使句子顯得笨重，因此常以 it 作為形式主語(yǔ)，而將主語(yǔ) 從句后置，以保持句子平衡。其句型可歸納為： It is +adj./n.+that/whether/if 從句 e.g. In fact, it is certain

4、 that we would not be able to understand it if we heard it today. 英語(yǔ)在將來(lái)會(huì)不會(huì)繼續(xù)變化是很容易回答的。 It is easy to an swer whether En glish will continue cha nging in the future. It is doubtful whether/if the Preside nt knew the details of the pla n. Analysis : whether 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句既可放在句首也可放在句尾， if 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句只能放在 句末。 Tran

5、slation : _ 2. 賓語(yǔ)從句(The Object Clause ):賓語(yǔ)從句在句中作及物動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)。 1) I won der who he is. Analysis: who 引導(dǎo) wonder 的賓語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作 is 的表語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)從句必須用陳述語(yǔ) 序，即主謂語(yǔ)序。 曲塘中學(xué)高一英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)學(xué)案 Book 3 Unit 1 The World of Our Senses 策劃：高一英語(yǔ)備課組 2 編寫：王菁華 顧佳顧婷王敏于玫瑰 2) He is sorry for what he has done . Analysis : _ 注意：that 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句不可以省略的情況

6、： 1 )引導(dǎo)介詞 in和 except 的賓語(yǔ)從句。(其他介詞不可以接 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句) 2) 如果動(dòng)詞后接了兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，第二個(gè) that 開(kāi)始不省。 3) 當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與 that 賓語(yǔ)從句之間有插入語(yǔ)時(shí)， that 一般不可省。 如:1) He said (that) he couldn t tell you right away and that you wouldn t understand. 2) Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our teacher was wearing his fine

7、 green coat and his black silk cap. 3) The problem lies in that the mist may become a thick fog. 4) I didn tell him anything except that I wasntable to find my way back. 3) It is a questi on of whether we should go. Analysis : _ Translation : _ 4) Don take it for granted that you will keep fit forev

8、er. Analysis: that 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句后置，用 it 作形式賓語(yǔ)。 Translation: _ . 3. 表語(yǔ)從句(The Predicative Clause ):表語(yǔ)從句在句中作表語(yǔ)，位于主句中的系動(dòng)詞之 后。表語(yǔ)從句需注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1)If 不能引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句；2)另外當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)是 reason 時(shí)，要用 that 引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，構(gòu)成 the reason why/foris that 的結(jié)構(gòu)，意思是:的 原因是因?yàn)?”；3)弓|導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞比賓語(yǔ)從句多了兩個(gè)，即： because 和 as if。 1) The question is whether she ca

9、n speak English. Analysis : whether 引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句， 意思是 是否” 。 Translation :問(wèn)題是她是否會(huì)講英語(yǔ)。 2) The Ian guage they created is what we now call Old En glish. Analysis: _ Translation: _ 3) It looked as if it was going to rain. Analysis: _ 4) The reason why he was dismissed (開(kāi)除)was that he was careless and irrespons

10、ible. Analysis: _ Translation: _ 5) This is because many pairs of words and phrases have similar meanings in En glish. 4. 同位語(yǔ)從句(The Appositive Clause ):同位語(yǔ)從句在句中作同位語(yǔ)， 多數(shù)情況下由 that 曲塘中學(xué)高一英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)學(xué)案 Book 3 Unit 1 The World of Our Senses 策劃：高一英語(yǔ)備課組 3 編寫：王菁華 顧佳顧婷王敏于玫瑰 引導(dǎo)。同位語(yǔ)從句一般放在某個(gè)名詞的后面，說(shuō)明這個(gè)名詞的內(nèi)容或含義。但不是所有 的名詞

11、后面都可以接同位語(yǔ)從句，可跟同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞主要有 fact, news, promise, reason, idea, suggestion, advice, proposal (提議)，possibility, chanee (可能性) ，word (消 息) ,belief (信仰)，order, request, dema nd 等。 1) We heard the news that our team had won. Analysis: that 引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句作 news 的同位語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明 news 的內(nèi)容是我們隊(duì)贏了” ； that 不作句子成分，但不能省略。 2) Along

12、 with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas. A. which B. that C. what D. whether 3) Danby left word with my secretary _ he would call aga in in the after noon. A. who B. that C. as D. which Notes: _ 4) There is much cha nce _ Bill will recover from his injury in time f

13、or the race. There is high possibility _ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race. Chances are A Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race. A. that B. which C. un til D. if Notes: _ 5) Nobody believed his reas on for being abse nt form the class _ he had to meet his uncle

14、at the airport. A. why B. that C. where D. because Notes: _ 6) Doris success lies in the fact _ she is co-operative and eager to lear n from others. A. which B. that C. whe n D. why Notes: _ 同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的主要區(qū)別： that 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句不作任何句子成分， 而 that 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句一定要作句子成分；不是所有的名詞后都可以接同位語(yǔ)從句，而幾乎 所有的名詞后都可以接定語(yǔ)從句。所以要判斷是同位語(yǔ)從句

15、還是定語(yǔ)從句，一是要 看所修飾的詞能否接同位語(yǔ)從句，二是看從句是否缺少句子成分。 女口： 1) They were all shocked at the news that Germany had declared war on Russia. Analysis : 是同位語(yǔ)從句， that 只起引導(dǎo)作用，在句中不作任何成分。 Translation : _ 2) They were all shocked at the news that was announced on the radio. Analysis : 是定語(yǔ)從句， that 在從句中作主語(yǔ)，若省略 that，句子成分不全。 T

16、ranslation : _ 3) We have to accept the fact that our team lost. 曲塘中學(xué)高一英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)學(xué)案 Book 3 Unit 1 The World of Our Senses 策劃：高一英語(yǔ)備課組 4 編寫：王菁華 顧佳顧婷王敏于玫瑰 Analysis: _ Translation: _ 4) We have to face the fact that he told us yesterday. Analysis: _ Translation: _ 5. 名詞性從句的八大考點(diǎn) 1) 引導(dǎo)詞 what 與 that 的區(qū)別：引名詞性從句時(shí)，w

17、hat 要充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)等句子 成分，that 不作任何成分，只起連接作用。 A e.g. _ we can t get seems better than _ we have. A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what Notes： _ 都必須充當(dāng)從句的賓語(yǔ)，所以答案為 A 項(xiàng)。 That the former Iraq preside nt Saddam was captured has bee n proved. Notes: that 不充當(dāng)任何成分，只起語(yǔ)法連接作用(因?yàn)榫渥颖旧聿蝗背煞? ： 2) 引導(dǎo)詞

18、whether 和 if 的區(qū)別：通常，引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，連詞 要用 whether，而不用 if ;習(xí)慣上也只能說(shuō) whether or not，而不說(shuō) if or not .例如： _C _ the meeti ng will be held in Beiji ng is not known yet. A. When ever B. If C. Whether D. That Notes：題中的從句位于句首，不難知道這是一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)句意，答案為 C 項(xiàng)。 That you don t like him is none of my bus in ess. Notes

19、: 但如果賓語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)從句為否定句時(shí)，只能用 that，不能用 whether 引導(dǎo)。 3) 名詞性從句的語(yǔ)序與別的從句一樣，名詞性從句必須用陳述語(yǔ)序。 4) who / whoever， what / whatever， which/whichever 等的區(qū)另 般說(shuō)來(lái)， what / who 等 含特指意義，而 whatever, whoever 等含泛指意義。例如： It is gen erally con sidered un wise to give a child _B _ he or she wan ts. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D

20、. whe never Notes： Whatever 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，并且作 wants 的賓語(yǔ)。這里的 whatever 不能改成 what，因?yàn)轭}意想表達(dá)的顯然是 無(wú)論孩子要什么，就給他 /她什么是不明智的”，具有泛 指的概念。同時(shí)要注意，這里 whatever 也不能改用 no matter what，因?yàn)楹笳咧荒芤龑?dǎo)狀 語(yǔ)從句。 5) where, when, why 等連接副詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句： where, when, why 等連接副詞也 可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，使用的關(guān)鍵是：這個(gè)詞必須符合句子的邏輯要求。例如： I drove to Zhuhai for the air sho

21、w last week. 曲塘中學(xué)高一英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)學(xué)案 Book 3 Unit 1 The World of Our Senses 策劃：高一英語(yǔ)備課組 5 編寫：王菁華 顧佳顧婷王敏于玫瑰 Is that _ you had a few days off ? Notes： why 引導(dǎo)的從句作表語(yǔ)，同時(shí) why 在從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)。 Do you remember _ he came ? Yes. I do, he came by car. A. how B. whe n C. that D. if Notes:從答語(yǔ) he came by car 可知，這里問(wèn)的是 he 來(lái)的方式，所以用 how

22、 弓 I導(dǎo)。 6) 介詞+ who (m)引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句與介詞 +who (m)”引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別： 介詞后面的引導(dǎo)詞用主格還是賓語(yǔ)，決定于它在賓語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)還是賓語(yǔ)。 1. It was a matter of _ who _ would take the positi on. 2. It was a matter of who he thought was suitable for the job. 3. It was a matter of whom he would choose to be his secretary. A. who B. whoever C. whom D.

23、whomever Notes：由于這里的引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，所以要用主格 who （作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)自然要用 whom ）。 7） 引導(dǎo)詞 that 的省略：引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，that 通?？梢允÷?，但引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ) 從句時(shí)，that不能省略。例如： Chi na s success in man nepace-craft travel shows _ out country has become one of the greatest powers in space research. A. what B. which C.不填 D. it that 8） it 在名詞性從句中做形式主語(yǔ)和形

24、式賓語(yǔ)。 1. As soon as he comes back, I him wteeln _ and see him. A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come 2. Some one is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _ . .who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 3. Mum is coming. what present _ for your birthday? A. you expect she has g

25、ot B. you expect has she got C. do you expect she has got D. do you expect has she got 4. You can only be sure of _ you have at prese nt ; you cannot be sure of somethi ng _ you might get in the future. A. that; what B. what;/ C. which; that D./;that Notes: 考查 what 與 that 的區(qū)另 U: 第一個(gè)空填 what 引導(dǎo)介詞賓語(yǔ)從句，

26、在從句中作 have 的賓語(yǔ)，第二個(gè)空 that 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是 something, that 在定于從句中作 get 的賓語(yǔ)，what 不可以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。 5. It is obvious to the stude nts _ they should get well prepared for their future. A. as B. which C. whether D. that 曲塘中學(xué)高一英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)學(xué)案 Book 3 Unit 1 The World of Our Senses 策劃：高一英語(yǔ)備課組 6 編寫：王菁華 顧佳顧婷王敏于玫瑰 6. Many young peo

27、ple in the West are expected to leave _ could be life most important decisi on marriage almost en tirely up to luck. A. as B. that C. which D. what 7. Could I speak to _ is in charge of Intern ati onal Sales please? A. who B. what C. whoever D. whatever Notes: whoever 既要作 to 的賓語(yǔ)，又作 is in charge of I

28、nternational Sales please?的主語(yǔ)。 “ whoever 作代詞，相當(dāng)于 any person who /the person who / 任何人”、無(wú)論誰(shuí)”、 “ . 的 人”。類似用法的還有 whatever, whichever, whomever 等。 8. _ has helped to save the drow ning girl is worth prais ing. A. Who B. The one C. An yo ne D. Whoever 9. The how- to-book can be of help to _ wants to do t

29、he job. A. who B. whomever C. no matter who D. whoever 10. She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do _ it takes to save her life. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever 11. The fact has worried many scientists _ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years. A. what B. which

30、C. that D. though 12. News came from the school office _ Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing Un iversity. A. which B. what C. that D. where 13. Is there any possibility _ you could pick me up at the airport? No problem. A. When B. that C. whether D. what 14. We should consider the students req u e

31、st _ the school library provide more books on popular scie nee. A. that B. whe n C. which D. where 15. _ you have seen both fighters , _ will win ? A. Since ; do you th ink who B. As; who you thi nk C. When; whoever D. Since; who do you think 16. The n arose the questi on _we were to get so much mon

32、 ey. A. where B. that C. about which D. in which 17. The way he did it was different _ we were used to . A. i n which B. in what C. from what D. from which 18. I was surprised by her words, which made me recog nize _ silly mistakes I had made. A. what B. that C. how D. which 19. With his work comple

33、ted, the bus in essma n stepped back to his seat, feeli ng pleased he was a man of action 曲塘中學(xué)高一英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)學(xué)案 Book 3 Unit 1 The World of Our Senses 策劃：高一英語(yǔ)備課組 7 編寫：王菁華 顧佳顧婷王敏于玫瑰 A. which B. that C. what D. whether 20. We have nt settled the questi on of _ it is n ecessary for him to study abroad. A. if B. w

34、here C. whether D. that 21. _ makes this shop differe nt is that it offers more pers onal services. A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever 22. See the flags on top of the buildi ng? That was _ we did this morning. A. whe n B. which C. where D. what 23. Please remind me _ he said he was goin g. I may

35、be in time to see him off. A. where B. whe n C. how D. what 24. - What did your pare nts think about your decisi on? -They always let me do _ I think I should. A. whe n B. that C. how D. what 25. Engines are to mach ines _ hearts are to ani mals. A. as B. that C. what D. which 26. I just won der _ t

36、hat makes him so excited. A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is 27. One adva ntage of play ing the guitar is _ it can give you a great deal of pleasure. A. how B. why C. that D. whe n 28. He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning _ his teammates had done. A. wh

37、at B. which C. why D. while 29. - It s thirty yearsnsie we last met. -But I still remember the story, believe it or not, _ we got lost on a rainy ni ght. A. which B. that C. what D. whe n 30. There is much chanee _ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race. A. that B. which C. un til D.

38、 if 31. Nobody believed his reas on for being abse nt form the class _he had to meet his un cle at the airport. A. why B. that C. where D. because 32. As soon as he comes back, I ll tell him when _ and see him. A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come 33. Some one is ringing the

39、doorbell. Go and see _ . A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 34. Mum is coming. What present _ for your birthday? A. you expect she has got B. you expect has she got C. do you expect she has got D. do you expect has she got 35. You can only be sure of _ you have at prese nt ;you cann

40、ot be sure of someth ing _ you might get in the future. A. that; what B. what; / C. which; that D./;that 曲塘中學(xué)高一英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)學(xué)案 Book 3 Unit 1 The World of Our Senses 策劃：高一英語(yǔ)備課組 8 編寫：王菁華 顧佳顧婷王敏于玫瑰 36. _ a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project. A. It has B. They have C. It rema

41、ins D. There rema ins 37. She is very dear to us. We have bee n prepared to do it takes to save her life. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever 38. The fact has worried many scie ntists _ the earth is beco ming warmer and warmer these years. A. what B. which C. that D. though 39. 4. Could I

42、 speak to _ is in charge of International Sales please? A. who B. what C. whoever D. whatever 40. The how to book can be of help to _ wants to do the job. A. who B. whomever C. no matter who D. whoever 41. One of the most important questions they had to consider was _ of public health曲塘中學(xué)高一英語(yǔ)導(dǎo)學(xué)案 Boo

43、k 3 Unit 1 The World of Our Senses 策劃：高一英語(yǔ)備課組 9 編寫：王菁華 顧佳顧婷王敏于玫瑰 A. what B. this C. that D. which 42. As a new diplomat, he often thinks of _ he can react more appropriately on such occasi ons. A. what B. which C. that D. how 43. News came from the school office _ Wang Lin had bee n admitted to Beiji ng Un iversity. A. which B. what C. that D. where 44. It is obvious to the stude nts _ they should get well prepared for their future. A. as B. which C. whether D. that