北京歷年高考英語試題及答案修訂

1、絕密啟用前2016年普通高等學(xué)校全國統(tǒng)一考試（北京卷）英語本試卷共16頁，共150分?？荚嚂r間為120分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：聽力理解（共三節(jié)：30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，共7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你將有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題，每段對話你將聽一遍。1 .Whatdoesthemanwanttoborrow?A.Apencil.B.Aneraser.C.Apen.2 .Whatisthewomandoi

2、ngnow?A.Eating.B.Goinghome.C.Havinggroupstudy.3 .Whatdoesthemanhaveforearthquakepreparation?A.Acandle.B.Aradio.C.Aflashlight.4 .Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inabank.B.Inahotel.C.Inastore.5 .Wherewillthemangoforhisholiday?A.Brazil.B.Denmark.C.Greece.第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）聽下面4段對話或獨(dú)

3、白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有5秒鐘的時間閱讀每小題。聽完后，每小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白你將聽兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6 .WhendoesthesupermarketcloseonSundays?A.At5:00pm.B.At7:00pm.C.At8:00pm.7 .Whathavethetwospeakersdecidedtodonow?A.Goshopping.B.Takeawalk.C.Havedinner聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8 .Whydoesthemanmakethec

4、all?A.Tomakeabooking.B.Tomakeasuggestion.C.Tomakeanappointment.9 .WhenwillthemanreturnfromLondon?A.OnMarch10.B.OnMarch12.C.OnMarch22.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10 .Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Headmasterandteacher.B.Managerandcustomer.C.Bossandclerk.11 .Onwhichoffollowingdayswillwomanw

5、ork?A.Wednesday.B.Saturday.C.Sunday.12 .Howoftenwillthewomanhaveon-the-jobtraining?A.Onceaweek.B.Onceamonth.C.Onceayear.聽第9段材料，回答第13至15題。13 .Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Coursematerials.B. After-schoolactivities.C. Changesinthetimetable.14 .Whatwillthefirstclassbetoday?A.English.B.History.C.

6、Art.15 .WhichgroupwillmeetonFriday?A.Thedebatinggroup.B.Thehandballgroup.C.Themusicgroup.第三節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，共7.5分）聽下面一段對話，完成第16至第20五道小題，每小題僅填寫一個詞。聽對話前，你將有20秒鐘的時間閱讀試題，聽完后你將有60秒鐘的作答時間。這段對話你將聽兩遍。CustomerServiceFormRoomNo.16NameGeorge17PhoneNo.61-293-312097EventBookinga（n）18Leaving:1:20pmfromthehoteltothe

7、MQ19Returning:8:00pmwaiting20theMQandthenbacktohotel第二部分：知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，45分）第一節(jié)單項(xiàng)填空（共15小題；每小題1分，共15分）從每題所給的ABCD四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。例：It'ssonicetohearfromheragain,welastmemorethanthirtyyearsago.A.What'smoreB.That'stosayC.InotherwordsD.Believeitornot答案是D。21.Jackinthelabwhenthepowerc

8、utoccurred.A.worksB.hasworkedC.wasworkingD.wouldwork22.Ilivenextdoortoacouplechildrenoftenmakealotofnoise.A.whoseB.whyC.whereD.which23 .Excuseme,whichmovieareyouwaitingfor?ThenewStarWars.Wehereformorethantwohours.A.waitedB.waitC.wouldbewaitingD.havebeenwaiting24 .Yoursupportisimportanttoourwork.Youc

9、andohelps.A.HoweverB.WhoeverC.WhateverD.Wherever25 .IhalfoftheEnglishnovel,andIlltrytofinishitattheweekend.A.readB.havereadC.amreadingD.willread26.1 teasiertogetintouchwithus,youdbetterkeepthiscardathand.A.MadeB.MakeC.MakingD.Tomake27 .Mygrandfatherstillplaystennisnowandthen,hesinhisnineties.A.aslon

10、gasB.asifC.eventhoughD.incase28 .overaweekago,thebooksareexpectedtoarriveanytimenow.A.OrderingB.ToorderC.HavingorderedD.Ordered29. Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonisonecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.A.whatB.thatC.whetherD.why30. Thestudentshavebeenworkinghardontheirlessonsandtheireffortssuccessinthee

11、nd.A.rewardedB.wererewardedC.willrewardD.willberewarded31. Ilovetheweekend,becauseIgetupearlyonSaturdaysandSundays.A.needn'tB.mustn'tC.wouldn'tD.shouldn't32. Newly-builtwoodencottageslinethestreet,theoldtownintoadreamland.A.turnB.turningC.toturnD.turned33. Ireallyenjoylisteningtomusi

12、cithelpsmerelaxandtakesmymindawayfromothercaresoftheday.A.becauseB.beforeC.unlessD.until34. Whydidn'tyoutellmeaboutyourtroublelastweek?Ifyoume,Icouldhavehelped.A.toldB.hadtoldC.weretotellD.wouldtell35. Iamnotafraidoftomorrow,IhaveseenyesterdayandIlovetoday.A.soB.andC.forD.but第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5

13、分，共30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上講該項(xiàng)涂黑。ARaceAgainstDeathItwasacoldJanuaryin1925inNorthAlaska.Thetownwascutofffromtherestoftheworldduetoheavysnow.Onthe20thofthatmonth,Dr.Welch36aSickboy,Billy,andknewhehaddiphtheria,adeadlyinfectious（傳染的）diseasemainlyaffectingchildren.ThechildrenofN

14、omewouldbe37ifitstruckthetown.Dr.Welchneededmedicineassoonaspossibletostopotherkidsfromgettingsick.38,theclosestsupplywasover1,000milesaway,inAnchorage.HowcouldthemedicinegettoNome?Thetown's39wasalreadyfullofice,soitcouldn'tcomebyship.Carsandhorsescouldn'ttravelonthe40roads.Jetairplanesa

15、ndbigtrucksdidn'texistyet.41January26,Billyandthreeotherchildrenhaddied.Twemtymorewere42.Nome'stownofficialscameupwitha（n）43.Theywouldhavethemedicinesentby44fromAnchoragetoNenana.Fromthere,dogeled（狗拉雪橇）driversknownas“mushers"would45ittoNomeinarelay（接力）.TheracebeganonJanuary27.Thefirstmu

16、sher,Shannon,pickedupthemedicinefromthetrainatNenanaandrodeallnight.46hehandedthemedicinetothenextmusher,Shannon'sfacewasblackfromtheextremecold.OnJanuary31,amushernamedSeppalahadto47afrozenbodyofwatercalledNortonSound.Itwasthemost48partofthejourney.NortonSoundwascoveredwithice,whichcouldsometim

17、esbreakupwithoutwarning.Ifthathappened,Seppalamightfallintotheicywaterbelow.Hewould_49,andsowouldthesickchildrenofNome.ButSeppalamadeitacross.AhugesnowstormhitonFebruary1.AmushernamedKaasenhadtobravethisstorm.Atonepoint,hugepilesofsonwblockedhis_50_Hehadtoleavethetrail（雪橇痕跡）togetaroundthem.Condition

18、sweresobadthatitwasimpossibleforhimto51thetrailagain.TheonlyhopewasBalto,Kaasenlbaddog,Baltoputhisnosetotheground,52tofindthesmellofotherdogsthathadtraveledonthetrail.IfBaltofailed,itwouldmeandisasterforNome.Theminutespassedby.Suddenly,Baltobeganto53.HehadfoungthetrailAt5:30amonFebruary2,Kaasenandhi

19、sdog54inNome.Withinminutes,Dr.Welchhadthemedicine.Hequicklygaveittothesickchildren.Allofthemrecoverd.Nomehadbeen55.36.A.examinedB.warnedC.interviewedD.cured37.A.harmlessB.helplessC.fearlessD.careless38.A.MoreoverB.ThereforeC.OtherwiseD.However39.A.airportB.stationC.harborD.border40.A.narrowB.snowyC.

20、busyD.dirty41.A.FromB.OnC.ByD.After42.A.tiredB.upsetC.paleD.sick43.A.planB.excuseC.messageD.topic44.A.airB.railC.seaD.road45.A.carryB.returnC.mailD.give46.A.ThoughB.SinceC.WhenD.If47.A.enterB.moveC.visitD.cross48.A.shamefulB.boringC.dangerousD.foolish49.A.escapeB.bleedC.swimD.die50.A.memoryB.exitC.w

21、ayD.destination51.A.findB.fixC.passD.change52.A.pretendingB.tryingC.askingD.learning53.A.runB.leaveC.biteD.play54.A.gatheredB.stayedC.campedD.arrived55.A.controlledB.savedC.foundedD.developed第二部分：閱讀埋解（共兩節(jié),20分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文：從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，將正確的選項(xiàng)涂在答題卡上。December15,2014DearAlfre

22、d,Iwanttotellyouhowimportantyourhelpistomylife.Growingup,IhadpeopletellingmeIwastooslow,though,withanIQof150+at17,Ianythingbutstupid.ThefactwasthatIwasfoundtohaveADHD（注意力缺陷多動障礙）.Anxiousallthetime,Iwasunabletokeepfocusedformorethananhouratatime.However,whensomethingdidinterestme,Icouldbecomeabsorbed.

23、Inhighschool,Ibecamecuriousaboutthecomputer,andbuiltmyfirstwebsite.Moreover,IcompletedtheseniorcourseofComputerBasics,plusfiverelevantpre-collegecourses.WhileIwasexploringmycuriosity,mydiseasegotworse.Iwantedtogotocollegeafterhighschool,butcouldn't.So,IwaskillingmytimeathomeuntilJune2012whenIdis

24、coveredtheonlinecomputercoursesofyourtrainingcenter.Sincethen,IhavetakencourseslikeDataScienceandAdvancedMathematics.Currently,ImlearningyourProbabilitycourse.Ihavehundredsofprinterpaper,coveredinself-writtennotesfromyourvideo.Thishasgivenmeapurpose.Lastyear,Ispentallmytimelookingforajobwhere,withou

25、tdealingwiththepublic,Icouldworkalone,butstillhaveateamtotalkto.Luckily,IdiscoveredthejobDataAnalystthismonthandhavebeengoingfullsteamahead.IwanttoprovethatIcanteachmyselfarespectfulprofession,withoutgoingtocollege,andbejustasgoodas,ifnotbetterthan,mycompetitors.Thankyou.You'vegivenmehopethatIca

26、nfollowmyheart.Forthefirsttime,IfeelgoodaboutmyselfbecauseI'mdoingsomething,notbecausesomeonetowbsndoinggood.Ifeelwhole.Thisiswhyyouresavingmylife.Yours,Tanis56.whydid'tTanisgotocollegeafterhighschool?A.ShehadlearnedenoughaboutcomputerscienceB.ShehadmoredifficultykeepingfoucesedC.Shepreferre

27、dtakingonlinecoursesD.Shewastooslowtolearn57 .Asfortheworkingenvironment,Tainsprefers.A.workingbyherselfB.dealingwiththepublicC.competingagainstothersD.stayingwithADHDstudents58 .Taniswrotethisletterinorderto.A.explainwhyshewasinterestedinthecomputerB.sharetheideasshehadforherprofessionC.showhowgrat

28、efulshewastothecenterD.describethecoursesshehadtakensofarBSurvivingHurricaneSandy（颶風(fēng)桑迪）NatalieDoan,14,hasalwaysfeltluckytoliveinRockaway,NewYork.Livingjustafewblocksfromthebeach,Nataliecanseetheoceanandhearthewavefromherhouse."It':thatmakesRockawaysospecial,“shesays.OnOctober29,2012,thatoce

29、anturnedfierce.Thatnight,HurricaneSandyattackedtheEastCoast,andRockawaywashitespeciallyhard.Fortunately,Natalie'sfamilyescapedtoBrooklynshortlybeforethecitysbridgeclosed.WhentheyreturnedtoRockawaythenextday,theyfoundtheirneighborhoodinruins.ManyofNatalie'sfrieiaotslosttheirhomesandwereliving

30、faraway.Allaroundher,peopleweresuffering,especiallytheelderly.Natalie'schoolwassodamagedthatshehadtotemporarilyattendaschoolinBrooklyn.Inthefollowingfewdays,themenandwomenhelpingRockawayrecoverinspiredNatalie.Volunteerscamewithcarloadsofdonatedclothingandtoys.Neighborsdevotedtheirsparetimetohelp

31、ingothersrebuild.Teenagersclimbeddozensofflightsofstairstodeliverwaterandfoodtoelderlypeopletrappedinpowerlesshigh-risebuildings.“MymomtellsmethatIcan'tcontrolwhathappenstome,“Nataliesays."butIcanachoosehowIdealwithit.Natalie'schoicewastohelp.Shecreatedawebsitepage,matchingsurvivorsinne

32、edwithdonorswhowantedtohalp.NataliepostedinformationaboutaboynamedPatrick,wholosthisbaseballcardcollectingwhenhishouseburneddown.Withindays,Patrickscollectionwasreplaced.Inthecomingmonths,herwebsitepagehelpedlotsofkids:Christopher,whoreceivedanewbasketball;Charlie,whogotanewkeyboard.Nataliealsoworke

33、dwithotherorganizationstobringmuch-neededsuppliestoRockaway.Hereffortsmadeherafamousperson.LastApril,shewasinvitedtotheWhiteHouseandhonoredasaHurricaneSandyChampionofChange.Today,thescars（創(chuàng)痕）ofdestructionarestillseeninRockaway,buthopeisintheair.Thestreetsareclear,andmanyhomeshavebeenrebuilt."Ic

34、an'imaginelivinganywherebutRockaway,“Nataliedeclares."Myneighlbbehbodk,evenstrongerthanbefore.59 .WhenNataliereturnedtoRockawayafterthehurricane,shefound.A.somefriendshadlosttheirlivesB.herneighborhoodwasdestroyedC.herschoolhadmovedtoBrooklynD.theelderlywerefreefromsuffering60 .Accordingtop

35、aragraph4,whoinspiredNataliemost?A.ThepeoplehelpingRockawayrebuildB.Thepeopletrappedinhigh-risebuildingC.ThevolunteersdonatingmoneytosurvivorsD.Localteenagersbringingclothingtoelderlypeople61 .HowdidNataliehelpthesurvivors?A.ShegavehertoystothekidsB.ShetookcareofyoungerchildrenC.ShecalledontheWhiteH

36、ousetohelpD.Shebuiltaninformationsharingplatform62 .Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus?A.LittlepeoplecanmakeabigdifferenceB.AfriendinneedisafriendindeedC.EastorWest,homeisbest0.TechnologyispowerCCaliforniaCondor'sShockingRecoveryCaliforniacondorsareNorthAmerica'slargestbirds7lwiigitlw（rldljpto3m

37、eters.Inthe1980s,electricallinesandleadpoisoning（鉛中毒）nearlydrovethemtodyingout.Now,electricshocktrainingandmedicaltreatmentarehelpingtorescuethesebigbirds.Inthelate1980s,thelastfewcondorsweretakenfromthewildtobebred（繁殖）.Since1992,therehavebeenmultiplereintroductionstothewild,andtherearenowmorethan15

38、0flyingoverCaliforniaandnearbyArizona,UtahandBajainMexico.Electricallineshavebeenkillingthemoff."Astheygointorestforthenight,theyjustdonseethepowerlines,“saysBruceRideoutofSanDiegoZoo.Theirwingscanbridgethegapbetweenlines,resultinginelectrocution（電死）iftheytouchtwolinesatonce.Soscientistshavecom

39、eupwithashockingidea.Tallpoles,placedinlargetrainingareas,teachthebirdstostayclearofelectricallinesbygivingthemapainfulbutundeadlyelectricshock.Beforethetrainingwasintroduced,66%ofset-freebirdsdiedofelectrocution.Thishasnowdroppedto18%.Leadpoisoninghasprovedmoredifficulttodealwith.Whencondorseatdead

40、bodiesofotheranimalscontaininglead,theyabsorblargequantitiesoflead.Thisaffectstheirnervoussystemsandabilitytoproducebabybirds,andcanleadtokidney（腎）failuresanddeath.SocondorswithhighlevelsofleadaresenttoLosAngelesZoo,wheretheyaretreatedwithcalciumEDTA,achemicalthatremovesleadfromthebloodoverseveralda

41、ys.Thisworkisstartingtopayoff.Theannualdeathrateforadultcondorshasdroppedfrom38%in2000to5.4%in2011.justundereightyears.Rideout'steamthinksthattheCaliforniacondors'averagesurvivaltimeinthewildisnowAlthoughthesemeasuresarenoteffectiveforever,theyarevitalfornow,hesays."Theyaretrulygoodbird

42、sthatarewortheveryeffortweputintorecoveringthem.63.Californiacondorsattractresearchers'interestbecausetheyA.areactiveatnightB.hadtobebredinthewildC.arefoundoninCaliforniaD.almostdiedoutinthe1980s64.Researchershavefoundelectricallinesare.A.blockingcondors'journeyhomeB. bigkillersofCaliforbnia

43、condorasC. restplacesforcondorsatnightD. usedtokeepcondorsaway65.AccordingtoParaghaph5,leadpoisoning.A.makescondorstoonervoustoflyB. haslittleeffectoncondors'kidneysC. canhardlybegottenridoffromcondors'bloodD. makesitdifficultforcondorstoproducebabybirds66.Thepassageshowsthat.A.theaveragesur

44、vivaltimeofcondorsissatisfactoryB.Rideout'sresearcerestliesinelectricengineeringC.theeffortstoprotectcondorsbavebroughtgoodresultsD.researchershavefoundthefinalanswerstotheproblemDWhyCollegeIsNotHomeThecollegeyearsaresupposedtobeatimeforimportantgrowthinautonomy（自主性）andthedevelopmentofadultident

45、ity.However,nowtheyarebecominganextendedperiodofadolescence,duringwhichmanyoftoday'studentsandarenotshoulderedwithadultresponsibilities.Forpreviousgenerations,collegewasadecisivebreakfromparentalcontrol;guidanceandsupportneededtocomefrompeopleofthesameageandfromwithin.Inthepasttwodecades,however

46、,continuedconnectionwithanddependenceonfamily,thankstocellphones,emailandsocialmedia,haveincreasedsignificantly.Someparentsgosofarastohelpwithcoursework.Insteadofpromotingtheideaofcollegeasapassagefromtheshelterofthefamilytoautonomyandadultresponsibility,universitieshavegivenintotheideathattheyshoul

47、dprovidethesameenvironmentasthatofthehome.Toprepareforincreasedautonomyandresponsibility,collegeneedstobeatimeofexplorationandexperimentation.Thisprocessinvolves“tryingon"newwaysofthinkingaboutoneselfbothintellectually（在思維方面）andpersonally.Whileweshouldprovide“safespaces"withincolleges,wemu

48、stalsomakeitsafetoexpressopinionsandchallengemajorityviews.Intellectualgrowthandflexibilityarefosteredbystrictdebateandquestioning.Learningtodealwiththesocialworldisequallyimportant.Becauseacollegecommunity（群體）differsfromthefamily,manystudentswillstruggletofindasenseofbelonging.Ifstudentsrelyonadmin

49、istratorstoregulatetheirsocialbehaviorandthinkingpattern,theyarenotfacingthechallengeoffindinganidentitywithinalargerandcomplexcommunity.Moreover,thetendencyforuniversitiestomonitorandshapestudentbehaviorrunsupagainstanothercharacteristicofyoungadults:theresponsetobeingcontrolledbytheirelders.Ifacce

50、ptablesocialbehavioristoostrictlydefined（規(guī)定）andcontrolled,theinsensitiveoraggressivebehaviorthatadministratorsareseekingtominimizemayactuallybeencouraged.Itisnotsurprisingthatyoungpeoplearelikelytoburstout,particularlywhentherearereasonstodoso.Ourgenerationoncejoinedhandsandstoodfirmattimesofnationa

51、lemergency.Whatislackingtodayistheconflictbetweenadolescent'sdesireforautonomyandtheirunderstandingofanunsafeworld.Therefore,thereisthedesirefortheirdormstobereplacementhomesandnotplacestoexperienceintellectualgrowth.Everycollegediscussionaboutcommunityvalues,socialclimateandbehaviorshouldinclud

52、erecognitionofthedevelopmentalimportanceofstudentautonomyandself-regulation,ofthenecessarytensionbetweensafetyandself-discovery.67 .What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardcontinuedparentalguidancetocollegestudents?A.SympatheticB.DisapprovingC.SupportiveD.NeutralB.choice68 .Theunderlinedword“passage&

53、quot;inParaghaph2meansA.changeC.text0.extension69 .Accordingtotheanthor,whatroleshouldcollegeplay?A.todevelopasharedidentityamongstudentsB.todefineandregulatestudents'socialbehaviorC.ToprovideasafeworldwithouttensionforstudentsD.Tofosterstudents'intellectualandpersonaldevelopment70 .Whichoft

54、hefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthepassage?I:IntroductionP:PointSp:Sub-point（次要點(diǎn)）C:Conclusion第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分。共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項(xiàng)中選出正確的填入空白處。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。TheScienceofRisk-SeekingSometimesWedecidethatalittleunnecessarydangerisworthitbecausewhenweweightheriskandthereward,theriskseemsworthtaking.

55、71Someofusenjoyactivitiesthatwouldsurpriseandscaretherestofus.Why?Expertssayitmayhavetodowithhowourbrainswork.Thereasonwhyanyofustakeanyrisksatallmighthavetodowithearlyhumans.Risk-takerswerebetterathunting,fighting,orexploring.72Asthequalityofrisk-takingwaspassedfromonegenerationtothenext,humansende

56、dupwithasenseofadventureandatoleranceforrisk.Sowhyaren'twealljumpingoutofairplanesthen?Well,even200,000yearsago,toomuchrisk-takingcouldgetonekilled.Afewdaringsurvived,though,alongwithafewstay-in-the-cavetypes.Asaresult,humansdevelopedarangeofcharactertypesthatstillexiststoday.Somaybeyoulovecarra

57、cing,ormaybeyouhateit.73Nomatterwhereyouareontherisk-seekingrange,scientistssaythatyourwillingnesstotakerisksincreasesduringyourteenageyears.74Tohelpyoudothat,yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornewexperiences.Newexperiencesoftenmeantakingsomerisks,soyourbrainraisesyourtoleranceforriskaswell.Meantakingsomerisks,soyourbrainraisesyourtoleranceforriskaswell.75Fortherisk-seekers,apartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebecomesactive,whilefortherestofus,apartofthebrainrelatedtofearbecomesactive.Asexperts