[中學(xué)聯(lián)盟]遼寧省錦州市錦州中學(xué)高考英語(yǔ) 語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)---虛擬語(yǔ)氣(共32張PPT)

1、語(yǔ)法專題語(yǔ)法專題高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)-虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣錦州中學(xué)外語(yǔ)組錦州中學(xué)外語(yǔ)組 王海鋒王海鋒中學(xué)學(xué)科遼寧高考中對(duì)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的考查主要出現(xiàn)在單項(xiàng)填空部分。1.主要考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)：(1)在狀語(yǔ)從句和名詞性從句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法(2)含蓄虛擬語(yǔ)氣 復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)：復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)：(1)掌握虛擬語(yǔ)氣的基本概念及用法。(2)在條件句中省略if的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。(3)意義上不是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，但必須使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的情況。2. 如何應(yīng)對(duì)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的考查如何應(yīng)對(duì)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的考查解題時(shí)，首先要確定題干句子表示的句意為真實(shí)的還是虛擬的，來(lái)決定是否該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。帶有狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句應(yīng)重點(diǎn)看從句，根據(jù)從句句意所表達(dá)的信息來(lái)判斷是否該用虛

2、擬。虛擬語(yǔ)氣確定后要明確是對(duì)現(xiàn)在、過(guò)去還是對(duì)將來(lái)的虛擬，從而確定虛擬語(yǔ)氣的形式。 But for the help of my English teacher, I _ the first prize in the English Writing Competition. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won 思路點(diǎn)撥：思路點(diǎn)撥：分析題干，根據(jù)But for the help of my English teacher(要不是我的英語(yǔ)老師)，可知該句為虛擬語(yǔ)氣。整句語(yǔ)意為：要不是英語(yǔ)老師的幫助，我就

3、贏不了英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作比賽一等獎(jiǎng)?！摆A得一等獎(jiǎng)”是已經(jīng)過(guò)去的事情了，所以此處表達(dá)的是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬，謂語(yǔ)該用would not have done的形式。故判斷空格處應(yīng)該選B。熟熟 讀讀 深深 思思1. 狀語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣狀語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣(1) If I had time, I would go there. (2) If you had come earlier, you couldnt miss the bus.(3) If it were to rain/ should rain tomorrow, the sports meet would be put off. (4) We got u

4、p early in order that we could catch the first bus.熟熟 讀讀 深深 思思(5) We got up early for fear that we should miss the first bus.(6) We got up early lest that we should miss the first bus.(7) She speaks English as though she were a native of New York.(8) It seems as if he doesnt know her. zxxk歸歸 納納 總總 結(jié)

5、結(jié)條件從句If 從句的謂語(yǔ)形式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式現(xiàn)在過(guò)去未來(lái)V+ ed (were)had donewould/could/should/might +V (原原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1. V. + ed.2. should+ V.(原原)3. were to dowould/could/should/might +V.(原原)規(guī)則規(guī)則1. 條件狀語(yǔ)從句條件狀語(yǔ)從句歸歸 納納 總總 結(jié)結(jié)規(guī)則規(guī)則2：目的狀語(yǔ)從句：目的狀語(yǔ)從句 so that/ in order that 從句：2. for fear that/in case that 從句：3. l

6、est 從句：從句用can /could / may / might 動(dòng)詞原形，如：(4)。從句用should動(dòng)詞原形，意為“以防，萬(wàn)一”，如：(5)。從句用should動(dòng)詞原形，“以防萬(wàn)一”，如：(6)。歸歸 納納 總總 結(jié)結(jié)規(guī)則規(guī)則3：方式狀語(yǔ)從句：方式狀語(yǔ)從句as if/ as though 從句：【注意】as if / as though連接的從句表示可能的事實(shí)時(shí)，不需用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，如：(8) 。與wish 后的賓語(yǔ)從句虛擬語(yǔ)氣類似，如：(7)。熟熟 讀讀 深深 思思2. 名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣(1)It is suggested that I (should) e

7、xercise every day. The doctors suggestion is that I (should) exercise every day. (2) His face suggested that he was very sad.(3) How he wishes that he were a bird.(4) We wish that we had visited the Great Wall last year.熟熟 讀讀 深深 思思(5) We wish we would live on the moon one day.(6) I would rather you

8、were not here with me now.(7) I would rather you hadnt done that.(8) It is important that we (should) have a good knowledge of computer science. (9) It is a pity that you (should) be absent from the meeting.(10) We are surprised that he (should) be a doctor.規(guī)則規(guī)則1：名詞性從句中，表示“建議，命令，要求”等意義時(shí)，(1) 建議：動(dòng)詞adv

9、ise, suggest, propose, recommend (名詞advice, suggestion, proposal, recommendation)(2) 命令：名詞order, command(3) 要求：動(dòng)詞request, require, demand, ask, insist (名詞request, requirement, demand)，如：(1)。歸歸 納納 總總 結(jié)結(jié)名詞性從句用(should) 動(dòng)詞原形。規(guī)則規(guī)則2：I wish (that) 賓語(yǔ)從句(虛擬語(yǔ)氣)(1)表示愿望與“現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反”， (2)表示愿望與“過(guò)去事實(shí)相反”，(3)表示愿望“將來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)希望

10、很小”，歸歸 納納 總總 結(jié)結(jié)從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，如：(3)。從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，如：(4)。從句常用could/might/would 動(dòng)詞原形，如：(5)。規(guī)則規(guī)則3：would rather/prefer that從句(從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣)(1)表示愿望與“現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反”，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，如：(6)。(2)表示愿望與“過(guò)去事實(shí)相反”，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，如：(7)。規(guī)則規(guī)則4：名詞性從句表示說(shuō)話人“強(qiáng)烈”的感情色彩時(shí)，歸歸 納納 總總 結(jié)結(jié) 從句用should 動(dòng)詞原形/should have done，should 可譯為“應(yīng)該；居然，竟然”。should 可以省略。例子如下：(1)It is

11、 important/necessary/essential/surprising/vital/ that 從句，如：(8)。(2) It is a pity / a shame/ an honour/ no wonder that從句，如：(9)。(3) 主語(yǔ) be sorry/ disappointed/ surprised that從句，如：(10)。歸歸 納納 總總 結(jié)結(jié) 熟熟 讀讀 深深 思思3. 定語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣定語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣(1) Its time that we should go home.(2) Its time that we went home.(3) It

12、is the second time that I have visited Beijing. (4) It was the second time that I had visited Beijing.歸歸 納納 總總 結(jié)結(jié) Its (about/high/very) time that從句 注意下面固定句型的時(shí)態(tài)搭配：It/This is the first/second/time that主語(yǔ)has / have doneIt/This was the first/second/time that 主語(yǔ)had done.如：(3)、(4)。從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，謂語(yǔ)用一般過(guò)去式或 should

13、 do, should 不能省略，意為“某人該做某事”熟熟 讀讀 深深 思思4. 簡(jiǎn)單句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣簡(jiǎn)單句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣(1) Long live the Peoples Republic of China!(2) May you succeed！(3) Everybody leave the room! (4) Let one of you go and tell her to come. 歸歸 納納 總總 結(jié)結(jié) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣用于簡(jiǎn)單句時(shí)，一般表示祝愿、命令等。規(guī)則規(guī)則1：表示祝愿，如：(1)、(2)。規(guī)則規(guī)則2：表示命令，如：(3)、(4)。 謂語(yǔ)要用動(dòng)詞原形。熟熟 讀讀 深深 思思5. 含蓄虛

14、擬語(yǔ)氣含蓄虛擬語(yǔ)氣(1)If only you hadnt told him the news.(2)Human beings would die without water. Human beings would die if there were no water.(3)I couldnt have succeeded but for your help. I couldnt have succeeded if you hadnt helped me. 熟熟 讀讀 深深 思思(4)I had no money then. Otherwise I would have bought that

15、 book. If I had had money then, I would have bought that book.(5)Had they had time(If they had had time)，they would have certainly come to help us.(6)If I had studied in a university, I would get the job in the company. 歸歸 納納 總總 結(jié)結(jié)常用含蓄虛擬語(yǔ)氣的情況：規(guī)則規(guī)則1：if only 意為“要是 就好了” 與wish后面的虛擬語(yǔ)氣類似，如：(1)。規(guī)則規(guī)則2：witho

16、ut / but for 如果沒(méi)有，就會(huì)。如：(2)、(3)。規(guī)則規(guī)則3：otherwise / or 否則，不然的話，就會(huì)。如：(4)?！咀⒁狻?1)當(dāng)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中有had，should，were時(shí)，在正式或書(shū)面語(yǔ)言中可將if省略，而把had，should，were 提前到句首，變?yōu)榘氲寡b，如：(5)。歸歸 納納 總總 結(jié)結(jié) (2) 混合虛擬語(yǔ)氣 虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，常出現(xiàn)從句與主句表示不同時(shí)期的事情，此時(shí)，從句與主句則分別用不同時(shí)態(tài)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。如：(6)。(3) 幾種特別用法was/were supposed to have donewas/were to have donehad t

17、hought/believed，buthad planned/intended，buthad wished/hoped， but本應(yīng)該做本計(jì)劃做本以為本計(jì)劃/本打算本希望 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ have donecould have done 本來(lái)可以本來(lái)可以- - -might have done 本來(lái)可能本來(lái)可能 - - -should / ought to have done 本來(lái)應(yīng)該做本來(lái)應(yīng)該做 - - -shouldnt / ought not to have done 本不該做本不該做 - - neednt have done 本不必做本不必做 - - - would have do

18、ne 本會(huì)本會(huì)/要去做要去做- 1.If you were old enough, I _ you to go there yesterday. A. will allow B. should allow C. would have allowedD. had allowed2. The secretary suggested that they _ the men in at once. A. had brought B. should have broughtC. brought D. bring3. _I you, I would go with him to the party. A.

19、 Was B. Had been C. Will be D. Were4. Without electricity, human life _ quite different today. A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be 5. How I wish I _ to repair the watch! I only made it worse. A. had tried B. hadnt tried C. have tried D. didnt try6. If he _ to the teacher attentively, he

20、_ the answer to the problem now. A. had listened, would have known B. listened, would know C. listened, would have known D. had listened, would know7. I was busy yesterday, otherwise I _ your birthday party. A. attended B. had attended C. would attend D. would have attended8. - Have you seen that fi

21、lm “Let the bullets fly”? - _. A. Only if I had seen it B. If only I had seen it C. If I have seen it D. Had I seen it9. The two strangers talked as if they _ friends for years. A. were B. would be C. have been D. had been10. It is high time we _ up our results. A. sum B. summed C. will sum D. would

22、 sum11 _， he couldnt solve the problem.A. Even if he were here B. If even he were hereC. Even though he was here D. Though even he were here12. But for the guidance of our instructor(導(dǎo)師導(dǎo)師) , we _ in the experiment. A. shouldnt succeed B. could not have succeeded C. will not succeed D. should not have succeeded13. The young man insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _ fre